Siegfried L Sporer
Biographic Data
| ID | 4126420 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Siegfried L Sporer |
| GIVEN NAMES | Siegfried L |
| FAMILY NAME | Sporer |
| SIGNATURE | SPORER S L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7236-4300 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 92 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 14 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1983 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Psychology of eyewitness testimony in Germany in the 20th century
The history of the psychology of eyewitness testimony cannot be adequately understood without taking the respective legal systems, that is inquisitorial versus adversarial system, into account. Across all periods, questions regarding the accuracy of testimony, its suggestibility, and intentional distortions in false accusations become apparent. We describe the history of the experimental psychology of testimony in Germany from the beginning of th…
Observer judgments of identification accuracy are affected by non‐valid cues
This study investigated persuasive effects of behavior cues on observer judgments of eyewitness identification decisions. Forty‐eight positive identification statements (50% of which were objectively correct) were evaluated regarding witness likeability, trustworthiness, knowledge, and impression of confidence. Moreover, ratings of different speech style characteristics (e.g., hedges, hesitations, gestures, speech rate, and answer length) and of …
Listening, not watching
In 4 experiments, the authors investigated the influence of situational familiarity with the judgmental context on the process of lie detection. They predicted that high familiarity with a situation leads to a more pronounced use of content cues when making judgments of veracity. Therefore, they expected higher classification accuracy of truths and lies under high familiarity. Under low situational familiarity, they expected that people achieve l…
The case of Pinocchio
Content Versus Source Cue Information as a Basis for Credibility Judgments
Basic assumptions of dual-process theories are used to explain the process of credibility attribution. Three experiments test the assumption that high task involvement leads to intensive processing of content information, whereas low task involvement leads to the use of noncontent information like source cues when people make credibility judgments. In Experiment 1, as predicted, when task involvement is low, only source attractiveness influences …
Verbal and nonverbal behaviour as a basis for credibility attribution
Three experiments were able to demonstrate the usefulness of dual-process models for the understanding of the process of credibility attribution. According to the assumptions of dual-process models, only high task involvement and high cognitive capacity leads to intensive processing of verbal and nonverbal information when making credibility judgments. Under low task involvement and/or low cognitive capacity, people predominantly use nonverbal in…
Moderators of nonverbal indicators of deception
In many legal proceedings, fact finders scrutinize the demeanor of a defendant or witness, particularly his or her nonverbal behavior, for indicators of deception. This meta-analysis investigated directly observable nonverbal correlates of deception as a function of different moderator variables. Although lay people and professionals alike assume that many nonverbal behaviors are displayed more frequently while lying, of 11 different behaviors ob…
Matching Faces
Numerous studies have demonstrated an out-group processing deficit for faces of other ethnic groups ("cross-race effect" or "own-race bias"). Most studies have employed Blacks, Asians, and Whites. This study employed a perceptual matching task to investigate the out-group processing deficit with 128 Turkish and 128 Austrian children between the ages of 10 and 15 years studying Turkish and German faces. Participants were required to match a face (…
When a Grandiose Self‐Image Is Threatened
Two studies examined the relation between narcissism, self‐concept clarity, negative emotions, and aggression based on theoretical assumptions proposed by Baumeister, Smart, and Boden (1996) . Narcissism and self‐concept clarity were examined as predictors for anger, depression, and verbal aggression following ego‐threat, which was operationalized by a bogus performance feedback on an intelligence test. The second study also examined the mediatin…
The cross-race effect
Recognizing faces of other ethnic groups
Studies of the recognition of faces of an ethnic group different from one's own reveal a robust recognition deficit for faces of the respective out-group (cross-race effect or own-race bias) and a tendency to respond less cautiously with respect to out-group faces. Cross-national comparisons reveal
Choosing, confidence, and accuracy
Post‐dicting eyewitness accuracy
This study sought to investigate the utility of several variables to post‐dict eyewitness identifcation accuracy in target‐present and target‐absent line‐ups in a staged‐event paradigm. The incident involved an altercation between an experimenter and a confederate who a empted to take away the slide projector needed for an ongoing laboratory experiment. Sixty‐two subject‐witnesses were called back to the laboratory one week after the incident, pu…
Learning tests — Concepts and critical evaluation
Recognizing faces of other ethnic groups
Studies of the recognition of faces of an ethnic group different from one's own reveal a robust recognition deficit for faces of the respective out-group (cross-race effect or own-race bias) and a tendency to respond less cautiously with respect to out-group faces. Cross-national comparisons reveal
Moderators of nonverbal indicators of deception
In many legal proceedings, fact finders scrutinize the demeanor of a defendant or witness, particularly his or her nonverbal behavior, for indicators of deception. This meta-analysis investigated directly observable nonverbal correlates of deception as a function of different moderator variables. Although lay people and professionals alike assume that many nonverbal behaviors are displayed more frequently while lying, of 11 different behaviors ob…
Verbal and nonverbal behaviour as a basis for credibility attribution
Three experiments were able to demonstrate the usefulness of dual-process models for the understanding of the process of credibility attribution. According to the assumptions of dual-process models, only high task involvement and high cognitive capacity leads to intensive processing of verbal and nonverbal information when making credibility judgments. Under low task involvement and/or low cognitive capacity, people predominantly use nonverbal in…
Choosing, confidence, and accuracy
The cross-race effect
Listening, not watching
In 4 experiments, the authors investigated the influence of situational familiarity with the judgmental context on the process of lie detection. They predicted that high familiarity with a situation leads to a more pronounced use of content cues when making judgments of veracity. Therefore, they expected higher classification accuracy of truths and lies under high familiarity. Under low situational familiarity, they expected that people achieve l…
The case of Pinocchio
Content Versus Source Cue Information as a Basis for Credibility Judgments
Basic assumptions of dual-process theories are used to explain the process of credibility attribution. Three experiments test the assumption that high task involvement leads to intensive processing of content information, whereas low task involvement leads to the use of noncontent information like source cues when people make credibility judgments. In Experiment 1, as predicted, when task involvement is low, only source attractiveness influences …
Post‐dicting eyewitness accuracy
This study sought to investigate the utility of several variables to post‐dict eyewitness identifcation accuracy in target‐present and target‐absent line‐ups in a staged‐event paradigm. The incident involved an altercation between an experimenter and a confederate who a empted to take away the slide projector needed for an ongoing laboratory experiment. Sixty‐two subject‐witnesses were called back to the laboratory one week after the incident, pu…
Matching Faces
Numerous studies have demonstrated an out-group processing deficit for faces of other ethnic groups ("cross-race effect" or "own-race bias"). Most studies have employed Blacks, Asians, and Whites. This study employed a perceptual matching task to investigate the out-group processing deficit with 128 Turkish and 128 Austrian children between the ages of 10 and 15 years studying Turkish and German faces. Participants were required to match a face (…
Learning tests — Concepts and critical evaluation
Post‐dicting eyewitness accuracy
This study sought to investigate the utility of several variables to post‐dict eyewitness identifcation accuracy in target‐present and target‐absent line‐ups in a staged‐event paradigm. The incident involved an altercation between an experimenter and a confederate who a empted to take away the slide projector needed for an ongoing laboratory experiment. Sixty‐two subject‐witnesses were called back to the laboratory one week after the incident, pu…
Choosing, confidence, and accuracy
The cross-race effect
Recognizing faces of other ethnic groups
Studies of the recognition of faces of an ethnic group different from one's own reveal a robust recognition deficit for faces of the respective out-group (cross-race effect or own-race bias) and a tendency to respond less cautiously with respect to out-group faces. Cross-national comparisons reveal
When a Grandiose Self‐Image Is Threatened
Two studies examined the relation between narcissism, self‐concept clarity, negative emotions, and aggression based on theoretical assumptions proposed by Baumeister, Smart, and Boden (1996) . Narcissism and self‐concept clarity were examined as predictors for anger, depression, and verbal aggression following ego‐threat, which was operationalized by a bogus performance feedback on an intelligence test. The second study also examined the mediatin…
Verbal and nonverbal behaviour as a basis for credibility attribution
Three experiments were able to demonstrate the usefulness of dual-process models for the understanding of the process of credibility attribution. According to the assumptions of dual-process models, only high task involvement and high cognitive capacity leads to intensive processing of verbal and nonverbal information when making credibility judgments. Under low task involvement and/or low cognitive capacity, people predominantly use nonverbal in…
Moderators of nonverbal indicators of deception
In many legal proceedings, fact finders scrutinize the demeanor of a defendant or witness, particularly his or her nonverbal behavior, for indicators of deception. This meta-analysis investigated directly observable nonverbal correlates of deception as a function of different moderator variables. Although lay people and professionals alike assume that many nonverbal behaviors are displayed more frequently while lying, of 11 different behaviors ob…
Matching Faces
Numerous studies have demonstrated an out-group processing deficit for faces of other ethnic groups ("cross-race effect" or "own-race bias"). Most studies have employed Blacks, Asians, and Whites. This study employed a perceptual matching task to investigate the out-group processing deficit with 128 Turkish and 128 Austrian children between the ages of 10 and 15 years studying Turkish and German faces. Participants were required to match a face (…
The case of Pinocchio
Content Versus Source Cue Information as a Basis for Credibility Judgments
Basic assumptions of dual-process theories are used to explain the process of credibility attribution. Three experiments test the assumption that high task involvement leads to intensive processing of content information, whereas low task involvement leads to the use of noncontent information like source cues when people make credibility judgments. In Experiment 1, as predicted, when task involvement is low, only source attractiveness influences …
Listening, not watching
In 4 experiments, the authors investigated the influence of situational familiarity with the judgmental context on the process of lie detection. They predicted that high familiarity with a situation leads to a more pronounced use of content cues when making judgments of veracity. Therefore, they expected higher classification accuracy of truths and lies under high familiarity. Under low situational familiarity, they expected that people achieve l…
Observer judgments of identification accuracy are affected by non‐valid cues
This study investigated persuasive effects of behavior cues on observer judgments of eyewitness identification decisions. Forty‐eight positive identification statements (50% of which were objectively correct) were evaluated regarding witness likeability, trustworthiness, knowledge, and impression of confidence. Moreover, ratings of different speech style characteristics (e.g., hedges, hesitations, gestures, speech rate, and answer length) and of …
Psychology of eyewitness testimony in Germany in the 20th century
The history of the psychology of eyewitness testimony cannot be adequately understood without taking the respective legal systems, that is inquisitorial versus adversarial system, into account. Across all periods, questions regarding the accuracy of testimony, its suggestibility, and intentional distortions in false accusations become apparent. We describe the history of the experimental psychology of testimony in Germany from the beginning of th…
Psychology (14 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Deception detection and forensic psychology (9 works) · Cognitive psychology (6 works) · Computer Science (5 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (5 works) · Developmental psychology (4 works) · Face Recognition and Perception (4 works) · Memory Processes and Influences (4 works) · Credibility (3 works)