Ingwer Borg
Biographic Data
| ID | 4144299 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ingwer Borg |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ingwer |
| FAMILY NAME | Borg |
| SIGNATURE | BORG I |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Münster |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4330-929X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 51 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 18 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1981 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
The perceived seriousness of crimes
The paper focuses on ratings of the perceived seriousness of crimes and how they can be explained in a testable scaling model (SOCID) that shows commonalities and differences among individuals. The model assumes that crimes are first represented on each person’s psychological map. This map can be described as a geometric space spanned by the crimes’ perceived attributes. When assessing the seriousness of crimes, the person positions him-/herself …
Using Support Vector Machines for Facet Partitioning in Multidimensional Scaling
In this article we focus on interpreting multidimensional scaling (MDS) configurations using facet theory. The facet theory approach is attempting to partition a representational space, facet by facet, into regions with certain simplifying constraints on the regions' boundaries (e.g., concentric circular sub-spaces). A long-standing problem has been the lack of computational methods for optimal facet-based partitioning. We propose using support v…
Utilizing personal values to explain people’s attitudes towards legal norms
The aim of this study is to clarify whether personal values explain delinquents’ and non-delinquents’ general attitudes towards legal norms. We expect that 10 basic personal values form a circular scale common to all individuals, both delinquents and non-delinquents, that people’s ratings of the importance of these 10 values predict their norm acceptance in a sinusoidal way, with higher predictability for delinquents, and that the correlations of…
Does the Value Circle Exist Within Persons or Only Across Persons
This study tests whether the Schwartz (1992) value circle exists within individuals, not only across individuals, thereby providing evidence for the within‐person rationale underlying the value circle. We analyze responses from five samples (a representative sample in Britain, a general population sample in the United States, and university students in Britain and Iran) varying in value measures of the Schwartz value theory (SVS, PVQ40, PVQ21). A…
Goodness-of-Fit Assessment in Multidimensional Scaling and Unfolding
Judging goodness of fit in multidimensional scaling requires a comprehensive set of diagnostic tools instead of relying on stress rules of thumb. This article elaborates on corresponding strategies and gives practical guidelines for researchers to obtain a clear picture of the goodness of fit of a solution. Special emphasis will be placed on the use of permutation tests. The second part of the article focuses on goodness-of-fit assessment of an i…
Should ratings of the importance of personal values be centered
Multidimensional Scaling II
A Model for Judgments of Work Values and Job Satisfaction
First, a discussion is presented of some previous research results on the relation of a person's assessment of the importance ("value") of an object and his or her attitude toward that object, in particular on the relation of work values with job satisfaction. Then, a model is formulated and simulated to explain how both types of judgments are generated. In Phase 1, the elements of the mental representation of the respective attitude object are a…
The measurement equivalence of Big-Five factor markers for persons with different levels of education
Modern Multidimensional Scaling
The book provides a comprehensive treatment of multidimensional scaling (MDS), a statistical technique used to analyze the structure of similarity or dissimilarity data in multidimensional space. Such data are widespread, for example, intercorrelations of attitude items, direct ratings of similarity on choice objects, or trade indices for a set of countries. MDS models such data as distances among points in a geometric space of low dimensionality…
Work values in East and West Germany
On the basis of representative data collected in 1991 as part of the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) Baseline Study in East and West Germany an answer is sought to the question whether East Germans differ from West Germans with respect to work values. Work values are classified into existence, growth and relatedness (ERG) categories and, at the same time, into performance-dependent and performance-independent ones. As from previous studies …
Trends and Perspectives in Empirical Social Research
Performance of Snow Flakes, Suns, and Factorial Suns in the Graphical Representation of Multivariate Data
The representation of multivariate data by icons has recently become more popular. The icon used most frequently is the snow flake which is available in most computer packages. This icon, however, has a number of drawbacks that are likely to lead to wrong interpretations. Similarity judgments on snow flakes can be dominated, in particular, by their size, a feature that varies depending on the arbitrary assignment of variables to rays. Another ico…
The structure of work values
Several years ago a research project on work values was originated. The study strived to examine the relative importance of work value items and to analyze the structure of the domain for samples from various cultural environments. A facet definition of work values was suggested that provided guidelines for constructing the Work Values Questionnaire and the formulation of hypotheses regarding the structure of relationships among components of wor…
Revisiting Thurstone's and Coombs' scales on the seriousness of crimes and offences
The classical studies by Thurstone (1927b) and Coombs (1967) on the seriousness of crimes and offences are replicated here for a sample of male and female students. Eighty subjects used both forced choice and graded dominance ratios to assess all pairs of 10 crimes/offences. The direct ratio estimates correlate very highly with pair‐comparison probabilities, thus making it possible to interpret the former as direct estimates of dominance probabil…
A Cross-Cultural Replication on Elizur's Facets of Work Values
A slightly refined version of Elizur's (1984) 2-facetted theory on the structure of work values is investigated in this study. Two representative samples of West German adults were asked in 1980 and 1982 to rate the importance of various work outcomes. The intercorrelations of the items of each study can be represented with little error in 2-dimensional SSA spaces. Each configuration shows a perfect correspondence to the unordered work-value face…
Measuring the Similarity of MDS Configurations
The similarity of multidimensional scaling configurations can be assessed by either correlating over corresponding point coordinates, after Procrustean similarity transformations, or by directly assessing the similarity of corresponding distances. The product-moment correlation is, however, an inadmissible measure in the latter case, and hence the statistical norms reported by Poor and Wherry (1976) are worthless. What can be used is the congruen…
Structural Relationships among Facets of Work, Nonwork, and General Well-Being
Past research on the spillover, compensatory, and no-relationship models has not helped to discover the structural relationships among facets of work, nonwork, and general well-being. A more comprehensive approach is presented and illustrated with data from three empirical studies of German workers. Work is shown to be a less important contributor to general well-being than other facets of life space. Implications for quality of work life interve…
Some comments on ?the structure of subjective well-being in nine western societies? by andrews and inglehart
The structure of work values
Several years ago a research project on work values was originated. The study strived to examine the relative importance of work value items and to analyze the structure of the domain for samples from various cultural environments. A facet definition of work values was suggested that provided guidelines for constructing the Work Values Questionnaire and the formulation of hypotheses regarding the structure of relationships among components of wor…
The measurement equivalence of Big-Five factor markers for persons with different levels of education
Should ratings of the importance of personal values be centered
Structural Relationships among Facets of Work, Nonwork, and General Well-Being
Past research on the spillover, compensatory, and no-relationship models has not helped to discover the structural relationships among facets of work, nonwork, and general well-being. A more comprehensive approach is presented and illustrated with data from three empirical studies of German workers. Work is shown to be a less important contributor to general well-being than other facets of life space. Implications for quality of work life interve…
Some comments on ?the structure of subjective well-being in nine western societies? by andrews and inglehart
Structural Relationships among Facets of Work, Nonwork, and General Well-Being
Past research on the spillover, compensatory, and no-relationship models has not helped to discover the structural relationships among facets of work, nonwork, and general well-being. A more comprehensive approach is presented and illustrated with data from three empirical studies of German workers. Work is shown to be a less important contributor to general well-being than other facets of life space. Implications for quality of work life interve…
Measuring the Similarity of MDS Configurations
The similarity of multidimensional scaling configurations can be assessed by either correlating over corresponding point coordinates, after Procrustean similarity transformations, or by directly assessing the similarity of corresponding distances. The product-moment correlation is, however, an inadmissible measure in the latter case, and hence the statistical norms reported by Poor and Wherry (1976) are worthless. What can be used is the congruen…
A Cross-Cultural Replication on Elizur's Facets of Work Values
A slightly refined version of Elizur's (1984) 2-facetted theory on the structure of work values is investigated in this study. Two representative samples of West German adults were asked in 1980 and 1982 to rate the importance of various work outcomes. The intercorrelations of the items of each study can be represented with little error in 2-dimensional SSA spaces. Each configuration shows a perfect correspondence to the unordered work-value face…
Revisiting Thurstone's and Coombs' scales on the seriousness of crimes and offences
The classical studies by Thurstone (1927b) and Coombs (1967) on the seriousness of crimes and offences are replicated here for a sample of male and female students. Eighty subjects used both forced choice and graded dominance ratios to assess all pairs of 10 crimes/offences. The direct ratio estimates correlate very highly with pair‐comparison probabilities, thus making it possible to interpret the former as direct estimates of dominance probabil…
The structure of work values
Several years ago a research project on work values was originated. The study strived to examine the relative importance of work value items and to analyze the structure of the domain for samples from various cultural environments. A facet definition of work values was suggested that provided guidelines for constructing the Work Values Questionnaire and the formulation of hypotheses regarding the structure of relationships among components of wor…
Performance of Snow Flakes, Suns, and Factorial Suns in the Graphical Representation of Multivariate Data
The representation of multivariate data by icons has recently become more popular. The icon used most frequently is the snow flake which is available in most computer packages. This icon, however, has a number of drawbacks that are likely to lead to wrong interpretations. Similarity judgments on snow flakes can be dominated, in particular, by their size, a feature that varies depending on the arbitrary assignment of variables to rays. Another ico…
Trends and Perspectives in Empirical Social Research
Work values in East and West Germany
On the basis of representative data collected in 1991 as part of the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) Baseline Study in East and West Germany an answer is sought to the question whether East Germans differ from West Germans with respect to work values. Work values are classified into existence, growth and relatedness (ERG) categories and, at the same time, into performance-dependent and performance-independent ones. As from previous studies …
Modern Multidimensional Scaling
The book provides a comprehensive treatment of multidimensional scaling (MDS), a statistical technique used to analyze the structure of similarity or dissimilarity data in multidimensional space. Such data are widespread, for example, intercorrelations of attitude items, direct ratings of similarity on choice objects, or trade indices for a set of countries. MDS models such data as distances among points in a geometric space of low dimensionality…
A Model for Judgments of Work Values and Job Satisfaction
First, a discussion is presented of some previous research results on the relation of a person's assessment of the importance ("value") of an object and his or her attitude toward that object, in particular on the relation of work values with job satisfaction. Then, a model is formulated and simulated to explain how both types of judgments are generated. In Phase 1, the elements of the mental representation of the respective attitude object are a…
The measurement equivalence of Big-Five factor markers for persons with different levels of education
Multidimensional Scaling II
Goodness-of-Fit Assessment in Multidimensional Scaling and Unfolding
Judging goodness of fit in multidimensional scaling requires a comprehensive set of diagnostic tools instead of relying on stress rules of thumb. This article elaborates on corresponding strategies and gives practical guidelines for researchers to obtain a clear picture of the goodness of fit of a solution. Special emphasis will be placed on the use of permutation tests. The second part of the article focuses on goodness-of-fit assessment of an i…
Should ratings of the importance of personal values be centered
Does the Value Circle Exist Within Persons or Only Across Persons
This study tests whether the Schwartz (1992) value circle exists within individuals, not only across individuals, thereby providing evidence for the within‐person rationale underlying the value circle. We analyze responses from five samples (a representative sample in Britain, a general population sample in the United States, and university students in Britain and Iran) varying in value measures of the Schwartz value theory (SVS, PVQ40, PVQ21). A…
Utilizing personal values to explain people’s attitudes towards legal norms
The aim of this study is to clarify whether personal values explain delinquents’ and non-delinquents’ general attitudes towards legal norms. We expect that 10 basic personal values form a circular scale common to all individuals, both delinquents and non-delinquents, that people’s ratings of the importance of these 10 values predict their norm acceptance in a sinusoidal way, with higher predictability for delinquents, and that the correlations of…
The perceived seriousness of crimes
The paper focuses on ratings of the perceived seriousness of crimes and how they can be explained in a testable scaling model (SOCID) that shows commonalities and differences among individuals. The model assumes that crimes are first represented on each person’s psychological map. This map can be described as a geometric space spanned by the crimes’ perceived attributes. When assessing the seriousness of crimes, the person positions him-/herself …
Using Support Vector Machines for Facet Partitioning in Multidimensional Scaling
In this article we focus on interpreting multidimensional scaling (MDS) configurations using facet theory. The facet theory approach is attempting to partition a representational space, facet by facet, into regions with certain simplifying constraints on the regions' boundaries (e.g., concentric circular sub-spaces). A long-standing problem has been the lack of computational methods for optimal facet-based partitioning. We propose using support v…
Mathematics (13 works) · Psychology (12 works) · Computer Science (11 works) · Social Psychology (11 works) · Statistics (10 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (7 works) · Artificial Intelligence (6 works) · Multidimensional scaling (5 works) · Political science (5 works) · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction (5 works)