Reinhard Schunck
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4168591 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Reinhard Schunck |
| NOMBRES | Reinhard |
| APELLIDO | Schunck |
| FIRMA | SCHUNCK R |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Wuppertal |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8185-8919 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 88 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2009 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Reference group effects and parental educational expectations
Taking the well-documented high educational expectations among immigrant parents as a point of departure, we explore how average achievement in a class influences parental educational expectations. Specifically, we investigate whether reference group (i.e., big-fish-little-pond) effects can account for immigrant parents’ higher educational expectations for their children compared with nonimmigrant parents. We address this question by applying a m…
Multiple Imputation for Systematically Missing Partner Variables in Survey Data
Systematically missing information on secondary respondents is a frequent problem in multiactor surveys. Budget and time constraints often prevent all variables collected for primary respondents (e.g., anchors) from being collected for secondary respondents (e.g., partners). Thus, a subset of variables are systematically missing for secondary respondents. This can severely limit the analysis potential of multiactor data, ruling out all research q…
Gendered beauty inequalities? A multiverse analysis of physical attractiveness, occupational gender-typicality and earnings in the German labour market
How do returns to physical attractiveness in the labour market vary depending on the alignment between an employee's gender and the gender composition of their occupation? Research suggests that attractiveness often invokes gender-typical stereotypes. If these stereotypes imply a mismatch between what are considered to be necessary traits in an occupation and those which are ascribed to a person, this may lead to penalties for attractive individu…
Achievement or Social Background? The Impact of Tracking on the Composition of Schools in an International Comparison
This study explores the implications of early between-school tracking within educational systems – a practice that involves sorting students into different educational pathways based on their achievement levels. We examine two potential effects of this process: (i) the promotion of homogeneous learning environments through tracking, and (ii) the potential for tracking to exacerbate social segregation among schools. To scrutinize these effects, we…
Does between-school tracking increase school segregation among migrant students? A difference-in-differences and multiverse analysis of international large-scale assessment data
This study examines the role of educational tracking in shaping school segregation among first and second-generation migrants, a pressing issue for societal integration. Drawing on the pooled data from international student assessments (PISA, PIRLS, & TIMSS) from 1995 to 2019, we examine a total of 75 countries and assess the extent to which early tracking exacerbates segregation compared to more integrated school systems. Our analysis, based on …
Tracking and social inequalities in school belonging - A difference-in-differences approach
Drawing on ten studies from PIRLS, PISA and TIMSS, we study social inequalities in school belonging in the context of early tracking. We investigate whether a) there are social inequalities in school belonging b) early tracking has an effect on levels of school belonging c) tracking exacerbates social inequalities with respect to school belonging. We constructed a large database which covers a wide range of countries and representative student po…
Assortative Mating and Wealth Inequalities Between and Within Households
Positive assortative mating may be a driver of wealth inequalities, but this relationship has not yet been examined. We investigate the association between assortative mating and wealth inequality within and between households drawing on data from the United States Survey of Income and Program Participation and measuring current, individual-level wealth for newly formed couples (N = 3936 couples). We find that partners positively sort according t…
Auswirkungen des Zugangs zum Homeoffice auf die Erwerbsarbeitszeiten von Müttern und Vätern
Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie sich die tatsächliche Arbeitszeit von Müttern und Vätern verändert, wenn sie die Möglichkeit erhalten, im Homeoffice zu arbeiten. Ausgehend von der Principle-Agent-Theorie, der sozialen Austauschtheorie und der Work/Family-Border-Theorie wurde mit längsschnittlichen Daten des deutschen Beziehungs- und Familienpanels (pairfam) geprüft, ob eine Veränderung der tatsächlichen Arbeitszeit zu beobachten ist, wenn…
Standardized Testing, Use of Assessment Data, and Low Reading Performance of Immigrant and Non-immigrant Students in OECD Countries
This paper investigates the effects of standardized testing and publication of achievement data on low reading performance for immigrant and non-immigrant students in 30 OECD countries. The paper aims to test hypotheses derived from a principal-agent framework. According to this theoretical perspective, standardized assessments alone should not be associated with reading performance. Instead, the model proposes that the provision of the results t…
Vorsicht bei Vorschlägen zur Interpretation von Regressionen mit Interaktionsvariablen
Die zentrale Idee einer Interaktion besteht darin, einen konditionalen Effekt zu modellieren, d. h. der Effekt einer Variablen ( $$x_{i}$$ x i ) auf die abhängige Variable ( $$y_{i}$$ y i ) hängt vom Wert einer anderen Variablen ( $$z_{i}$$ z i ) ab. Mayerl und Urban diskutieren in ihrer Abhandlung die Eigenschaften von Haupt- und Interaktionseffekten und welche Fallstricke sich bei deren Interpretation ergeben können. Leider vermitteln Mayerl un…
A Relational Inequality Approach to First- and Second-Generation Immigrant Earnings in German Workplaces
We conceptualize immigrant incorporation as a categorically driven process and contrast the bright distinctions between first-generation immigrants and natives, with more blurry second-generation contrasts. We analyze linked employer-employee data of a sample of 5,097 employees in 97 large German organizations and focus on first- and second-generation immigrants. We explore how generational status in the labor market and workplace contexts expand…
Within- and Between-cluster Effects in Generalized Linear Mixed Models
One typically analyzes clustered data using random- or fixed-effects models. Fixed-effects models allow consistent estimation of the effects of level-one variables, even if there is unobserved heterogeneity at level two. However, these models cannot estimate the effects of level-two variables. Hybrid and correlated random-effects models are flexible modeling specifications that separate within-and between-cluster effects and allow for both consis…
Pathways of Intergenerational Transmission of Advantages during Adolescence
Status und Schönheit
Reich und schön? Eine Untersuchung zur ungleichen Verteilung physischer Attraktivität
Education systems, school segregation, and second-generation immigrants’ educational success
Many countries are increasingly being challenged to integrate their growing immigrant populations. A major key to successful integration is the educational attainment of immigrant offspring. According to the results of comparative studies, second-generation immigrant students often lag behind their non-immigrant counterparts even though the host countries perform very differently with respect to the education of immigrant offspring. This study in…
Effect of Length of Stay on Smoking among Turkish and Eastern European Immigrants in Germany—Interpretation in the Light of the Smoking Epidemic Model and the Acculturation Theory
Immigrants from Turkey "import" their smoking prevalence from a country which is in the earlier stages of the "smoking epidemic". With increasing LOS (thus, advancing acculturation), they "move" to the later stages. Anti-smoking interventions should consider different smoking attitudes in Turkey/Germany and need to discourage women from initiating smoking. Future research should also identify reasons for the possible differences between immigrant…
Status Attainment and Social Mobility
Different Contexts, Different Effects
This paper takes a comparative approach to the topic of work time and health, asking whether weekly work hours matter for mental health. We hypothesize that these relationships differ within the United States and Germany, given the more regulated work time environments within Germany and the greater incentives to work long hours in the United States. We further hypothesize that German women will experience greatest penalties to long hours. We use…
Unfair Pay and Health
While there is ample evidence that income inequalities influence individuals’ health status, the mechanisms behind this income inequality–health correlation are only partially understood. This study shows that inequalities evaluated on the basis of individual perceptions of injustice are a driving force behind this connection. Two main questions are addressed: Does perceiving one’s earnings as unfair affect physical health? Do such perceptions co…
Transnational Activities and Immigrant Integration in Germany
Pathways between perceived discrimination and health among immigrants
In spite of anti-discrimination laws, the health of immigrants in Germany is negatively affected by perceived discrimination. Differential exposure to perceived discrimination may be seen as a mechanism contributing to the emergence of health inequalities in Germany
Within and between Estimates in Random-Effects Models
Correlated random-effects (Mundlak, 1978, Econometrica 46: 69–85; Wooldridge, 2010, Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data [MIT Press]) and hybrid models (Allison, 2009, Fixed Effects Regression Models [Sage]) are attractive alternatives to standard random-effects and fixed-effects models because they provide within estimates of level 1 variables and allow for the inclusion of level 2 variables. I discuss these models, give estimati…
Ökonomische Selbstständigkeit von Migranten in Deutschland
Dieser Beitrag untersucht mit Daten des Mikrozensus 2004 den Einfluss sozialer Einbettung auf die ökonomische Selbstständigkeit von Migranten in Deutschland. Für Migranten ist die Selbstständigkeit in vielen Aufnahmeländern ein wichtiger Modus der ökonomischen Integration. In Deutschland war die unternehmerische Aktivität von Migranten bis Ende der 1990er Jahre eher schwach ausgeprägt, seither steigen die Selbstständigenquoten von Migranten jedoc…
Unfair Pay and Health
While there is ample evidence that income inequalities influence individuals’ health status, the mechanisms behind this income inequality–health correlation are only partially understood. This study shows that inequalities evaluated on the basis of individual perceptions of injustice are a driving force behind this connection. Two main questions are addressed: Does perceiving one’s earnings as unfair affect physical health? Do such perceptions co…
Pathways between perceived discrimination and health among immigrants
In spite of anti-discrimination laws, the health of immigrants in Germany is negatively affected by perceived discrimination. Differential exposure to perceived discrimination may be seen as a mechanism contributing to the emergence of health inequalities in Germany
Status Attainment and Social Mobility
Different Contexts, Different Effects
This paper takes a comparative approach to the topic of work time and health, asking whether weekly work hours matter for mental health. We hypothesize that these relationships differ within the United States and Germany, given the more regulated work time environments within Germany and the greater incentives to work long hours in the United States. We further hypothesize that German women will experience greatest penalties to long hours. We use…
Reich und schön? Eine Untersuchung zur ungleichen Verteilung physischer Attraktivität
Education systems, school segregation, and second-generation immigrants’ educational success
Many countries are increasingly being challenged to integrate their growing immigrant populations. A major key to successful integration is the educational attainment of immigrant offspring. According to the results of comparative studies, second-generation immigrant students often lag behind their non-immigrant counterparts even though the host countries perform very differently with respect to the education of immigrant offspring. This study in…
Pathways of Intergenerational Transmission of Advantages during Adolescence
Ökonomische Selbstständigkeit von Migranten in Deutschland
Dieser Beitrag untersucht mit Daten des Mikrozensus 2004 den Einfluss sozialer Einbettung auf die ökonomische Selbstständigkeit von Migranten in Deutschland. Für Migranten ist die Selbstständigkeit in vielen Aufnahmeländern ein wichtiger Modus der ökonomischen Integration. In Deutschland war die unternehmerische Aktivität von Migranten bis Ende der 1990er Jahre eher schwach ausgeprägt, seither steigen die Selbstständigenquoten von Migranten jedoc…
Achievement or Social Background? The Impact of Tracking on the Composition of Schools in an International Comparison
This study explores the implications of early between-school tracking within educational systems – a practice that involves sorting students into different educational pathways based on their achievement levels. We examine two potential effects of this process: (i) the promotion of homogeneous learning environments through tracking, and (ii) the potential for tracking to exacerbate social segregation among schools. To scrutinize these effects, we…
Does between-school tracking increase school segregation among migrant students? A difference-in-differences and multiverse analysis of international large-scale assessment data
This study examines the role of educational tracking in shaping school segregation among first and second-generation migrants, a pressing issue for societal integration. Drawing on the pooled data from international student assessments (PISA, PIRLS, & TIMSS) from 1995 to 2019, we examine a total of 75 countries and assess the extent to which early tracking exacerbates segregation compared to more integrated school systems. Our analysis, based on …
Status und Schönheit
Ökonomische Selbstständigkeit von Migranten in Deutschland
Dieser Beitrag untersucht mit Daten des Mikrozensus 2004 den Einfluss sozialer Einbettung auf die ökonomische Selbstständigkeit von Migranten in Deutschland. Für Migranten ist die Selbstständigkeit in vielen Aufnahmeländern ein wichtiger Modus der ökonomischen Integration. In Deutschland war die unternehmerische Aktivität von Migranten bis Ende der 1990er Jahre eher schwach ausgeprägt, seither steigen die Selbstständigenquoten von Migranten jedoc…
Within and between Estimates in Random-Effects Models
Correlated random-effects (Mundlak, 1978, Econometrica 46: 69–85; Wooldridge, 2010, Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data [MIT Press]) and hybrid models (Allison, 2009, Fixed Effects Regression Models [Sage]) are attractive alternatives to standard random-effects and fixed-effects models because they provide within estimates of level 1 variables and allow for the inclusion of level 2 variables. I discuss these models, give estimati…
Transnational Activities and Immigrant Integration in Germany
Pathways between perceived discrimination and health among immigrants
In spite of anti-discrimination laws, the health of immigrants in Germany is negatively affected by perceived discrimination. Differential exposure to perceived discrimination may be seen as a mechanism contributing to the emergence of health inequalities in Germany
Effect of Length of Stay on Smoking among Turkish and Eastern European Immigrants in Germany—Interpretation in the Light of the Smoking Epidemic Model and the Acculturation Theory
Immigrants from Turkey "import" their smoking prevalence from a country which is in the earlier stages of the "smoking epidemic". With increasing LOS (thus, advancing acculturation), they "move" to the later stages. Anti-smoking interventions should consider different smoking attitudes in Turkey/Germany and need to discourage women from initiating smoking. Future research should also identify reasons for the possible differences between immigrant…
Status Attainment and Social Mobility
Different Contexts, Different Effects
This paper takes a comparative approach to the topic of work time and health, asking whether weekly work hours matter for mental health. We hypothesize that these relationships differ within the United States and Germany, given the more regulated work time environments within Germany and the greater incentives to work long hours in the United States. We further hypothesize that German women will experience greatest penalties to long hours. We use…
Unfair Pay and Health
While there is ample evidence that income inequalities influence individuals’ health status, the mechanisms behind this income inequality–health correlation are only partially understood. This study shows that inequalities evaluated on the basis of individual perceptions of injustice are a driving force behind this connection. Two main questions are addressed: Does perceiving one’s earnings as unfair affect physical health? Do such perceptions co…
Reich und schön? Eine Untersuchung zur ungleichen Verteilung physischer Attraktivität
Education systems, school segregation, and second-generation immigrants’ educational success
Many countries are increasingly being challenged to integrate their growing immigrant populations. A major key to successful integration is the educational attainment of immigrant offspring. According to the results of comparative studies, second-generation immigrant students often lag behind their non-immigrant counterparts even though the host countries perform very differently with respect to the education of immigrant offspring. This study in…
Within- and Between-cluster Effects in Generalized Linear Mixed Models
One typically analyzes clustered data using random- or fixed-effects models. Fixed-effects models allow consistent estimation of the effects of level-one variables, even if there is unobserved heterogeneity at level two. However, these models cannot estimate the effects of level-two variables. Hybrid and correlated random-effects models are flexible modeling specifications that separate within-and between-cluster effects and allow for both consis…
Pathways of Intergenerational Transmission of Advantages during Adolescence
Status und Schönheit
A Relational Inequality Approach to First- and Second-Generation Immigrant Earnings in German Workplaces
We conceptualize immigrant incorporation as a categorically driven process and contrast the bright distinctions between first-generation immigrants and natives, with more blurry second-generation contrasts. We analyze linked employer-employee data of a sample of 5,097 employees in 97 large German organizations and focus on first- and second-generation immigrants. We explore how generational status in the labor market and workplace contexts expand…
Standardized Testing, Use of Assessment Data, and Low Reading Performance of Immigrant and Non-immigrant Students in OECD Countries
This paper investigates the effects of standardized testing and publication of achievement data on low reading performance for immigrant and non-immigrant students in 30 OECD countries. The paper aims to test hypotheses derived from a principal-agent framework. According to this theoretical perspective, standardized assessments alone should not be associated with reading performance. Instead, the model proposes that the provision of the results t…
Vorsicht bei Vorschlägen zur Interpretation von Regressionen mit Interaktionsvariablen
Die zentrale Idee einer Interaktion besteht darin, einen konditionalen Effekt zu modellieren, d. h. der Effekt einer Variablen ( $$x_{i}$$ x i ) auf die abhängige Variable ( $$y_{i}$$ y i ) hängt vom Wert einer anderen Variablen ( $$z_{i}$$ z i ) ab. Mayerl und Urban diskutieren in ihrer Abhandlung die Eigenschaften von Haupt- und Interaktionseffekten und welche Fallstricke sich bei deren Interpretation ergeben können. Leider vermitteln Mayerl un…
Assortative Mating and Wealth Inequalities Between and Within Households
Positive assortative mating may be a driver of wealth inequalities, but this relationship has not yet been examined. We investigate the association between assortative mating and wealth inequality within and between households drawing on data from the United States Survey of Income and Program Participation and measuring current, individual-level wealth for newly formed couples (N = 3936 couples). We find that partners positively sort according t…
Auswirkungen des Zugangs zum Homeoffice auf die Erwerbsarbeitszeiten von Müttern und Vätern
Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie sich die tatsächliche Arbeitszeit von Müttern und Vätern verändert, wenn sie die Möglichkeit erhalten, im Homeoffice zu arbeiten. Ausgehend von der Principle-Agent-Theorie, der sozialen Austauschtheorie und der Work/Family-Border-Theorie wurde mit längsschnittlichen Daten des deutschen Beziehungs- und Familienpanels (pairfam) geprüft, ob eine Veränderung der tatsächlichen Arbeitszeit zu beobachten ist, wenn…
Achievement or Social Background? The Impact of Tracking on the Composition of Schools in an International Comparison
This study explores the implications of early between-school tracking within educational systems – a practice that involves sorting students into different educational pathways based on their achievement levels. We examine two potential effects of this process: (i) the promotion of homogeneous learning environments through tracking, and (ii) the potential for tracking to exacerbate social segregation among schools. To scrutinize these effects, we…
Does between-school tracking increase school segregation among migrant students? A difference-in-differences and multiverse analysis of international large-scale assessment data
This study examines the role of educational tracking in shaping school segregation among first and second-generation migrants, a pressing issue for societal integration. Drawing on the pooled data from international student assessments (PISA, PIRLS, & TIMSS) from 1995 to 2019, we examine a total of 75 countries and assess the extent to which early tracking exacerbates segregation compared to more integrated school systems. Our analysis, based on …
Tracking and social inequalities in school belonging - A difference-in-differences approach
Drawing on ten studies from PIRLS, PISA and TIMSS, we study social inequalities in school belonging in the context of early tracking. We investigate whether a) there are social inequalities in school belonging b) early tracking has an effect on levels of school belonging c) tracking exacerbates social inequalities with respect to school belonging. We constructed a large database which covers a wide range of countries and representative student po…
Reference group effects and parental educational expectations
Taking the well-documented high educational expectations among immigrant parents as a point of departure, we explore how average achievement in a class influences parental educational expectations. Specifically, we investigate whether reference group (i.e., big-fish-little-pond) effects can account for immigrant parents’ higher educational expectations for their children compared with nonimmigrant parents. We address this question by applying a m…
Multiple Imputation for Systematically Missing Partner Variables in Survey Data
Systematically missing information on secondary respondents is a frequent problem in multiactor surveys. Budget and time constraints often prevent all variables collected for primary respondents (e.g., anchors) from being collected for secondary respondents (e.g., partners). Thus, a subset of variables are systematically missing for secondary respondents. This can severely limit the analysis potential of multiactor data, ruling out all research q…
Gendered beauty inequalities? A multiverse analysis of physical attractiveness, occupational gender-typicality and earnings in the German labour market
How do returns to physical attractiveness in the labour market vary depending on the alignment between an employee's gender and the gender composition of their occupation? Research suggests that attractiveness often invokes gender-typical stereotypes. If these stereotypes imply a mismatch between what are considered to be necessary traits in an occupation and those which are ascribed to a person, this may lead to penalties for attractive individu…
Psychology (12 obras) · Economics (10 obras) · Demographic economics (9 obras) · Political science (9 obras) · Sociology (9 obras) · Geography (7 obras) · Immigration (7 obras) · Computer Science (6 obras) · Inequality (6 obras) · School Choice and Performance (6 obras)