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Adam Enders

Biographic Data

ID4180193
NAMEAdam Enders
GIVEN NAMESAdam
FAMILY NAMEEnders
SIGNATUREENDERS A
AFFILIATIONSDepartment of Political Science University of Louisville Louisville Kentucky USA
VERIFIEDNo
TOTAL WORKS6
TOTAL CITATIONS47
AUTHOR COUNT6
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2022
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX3
  • The Dynamics of Anti-Establishment Politics

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2026

    Recent work theorizes that the American mass opinion space is organized along two broad, uncorrelated dimensions––a left–right one and an “anti-establishment” one––that jointly explain recent events in American politics, such as the election of Donald Trump and belief in conspiracy theories. In this paper, we test several previously untested predictions of this theory, including those involving temporal dynamics. Utilizing a time series of cross-…

  • Left–right political orientations are not systematically related to conspiracism

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•Political Psychology•2025•Cited by: 6•References: 99

    Researchers have long sought to make generalizable conclusions about the relationship between conspiracism and political identities. However, this literature remains deeply conflicted. The “extremity hypothesis” argues that, due to the psychology of extremism, individuals who identify as extremely left or right wing should display higher levels of conspiracism than centrists. But the “asymmetry hypothesis” argues that, due to the psychology of co…

  • The New Satanic Panic

    Open Access•Casey Klofstad, Olyvia R Christley et al.•ARTICLE•Political Science Quarterly•2024

    A moral panic animated by conspiracy theories alleging ritual sex abuse swept through the United States in the 1980s. During that “Satanic Panic,” as it came to be known, people expressed fears of social change regarding gender and sexuality. Beginning in 2022, conservative politicians, pundits, and pastors in the United States levied similar accusations of child grooming, sex trafficking, and satanic sex abuse at the LGBTQ + community, teachers,…

  • Are Republicans and Conservatives More Likely to Believe Conspiracy Theories

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2023•Cited by: 38•References: 54

  • How Anti-Social Personality Traits and Anti-Establishment Views Promote Beliefs in Election Fraud, QAnon, and Covid-19 Conspiracy Theories and Misinformation

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•American Politics Research•2023•Cited by: 3•References: 46

    Conspiracy theories and misinformation (CTM) became a salient feature of the Trump era. However, traditional explanations of political attitudes and behaviors inadequately account for beliefs in CTM or the deleterious behaviors they are associated with. Here, we integrate disparate literatures to explain beliefs in CTM regarding COVID-19, QAnon, and voter fraud. We aim to provide a more holistic accounting, and to determine which political, psych…

  • Have beliefs in conspiracy theories increased over time?

    Open Access•Joseph E Uscinski, A M Enders et al.•ARTICLE•PLoS ONE•2022

    The public is convinced that beliefs in conspiracy theories are increasing, and many scholars, journalists, and policymakers agree. Given the associations between conspiracy theories and many non-normative tendencies, lawmakers have called for policies to address these increases. However, little evidence has been provided to demonstrate that beliefs in conspiracy theories have, in fact, increased over time. We address this evidentiary gap. Study …

  • Are Republicans and Conservatives More Likely to Believe Conspiracy Theories

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2023•Cited by: 38•References: 54

  • Left–right political orientations are not systematically related to conspiracism

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•Political Psychology•2025•Cited by: 6•References: 99

    Researchers have long sought to make generalizable conclusions about the relationship between conspiracism and political identities. However, this literature remains deeply conflicted. The “extremity hypothesis” argues that, due to the psychology of extremism, individuals who identify as extremely left or right wing should display higher levels of conspiracism than centrists. But the “asymmetry hypothesis” argues that, due to the psychology of co…

  • How Anti-Social Personality Traits and Anti-Establishment Views Promote Beliefs in Election Fraud, QAnon, and Covid-19 Conspiracy Theories and Misinformation

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•American Politics Research•2023•Cited by: 3•References: 46

    Conspiracy theories and misinformation (CTM) became a salient feature of the Trump era. However, traditional explanations of political attitudes and behaviors inadequately account for beliefs in CTM or the deleterious behaviors they are associated with. Here, we integrate disparate literatures to explain beliefs in CTM regarding COVID-19, QAnon, and voter fraud. We aim to provide a more holistic accounting, and to determine which political, psych…

  • Have beliefs in conspiracy theories increased over time?

    Open Access•Joseph E Uscinski, A M Enders et al.•ARTICLE•PLoS ONE•2022

    The public is convinced that beliefs in conspiracy theories are increasing, and many scholars, journalists, and policymakers agree. Given the associations between conspiracy theories and many non-normative tendencies, lawmakers have called for policies to address these increases. However, little evidence has been provided to demonstrate that beliefs in conspiracy theories have, in fact, increased over time. We address this evidentiary gap. Study …

  • Are Republicans and Conservatives More Likely to Believe Conspiracy Theories

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2023•Cited by: 38•References: 54

  • How Anti-Social Personality Traits and Anti-Establishment Views Promote Beliefs in Election Fraud, QAnon, and Covid-19 Conspiracy Theories and Misinformation

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•American Politics Research•2023•Cited by: 3•References: 46

    Conspiracy theories and misinformation (CTM) became a salient feature of the Trump era. However, traditional explanations of political attitudes and behaviors inadequately account for beliefs in CTM or the deleterious behaviors they are associated with. Here, we integrate disparate literatures to explain beliefs in CTM regarding COVID-19, QAnon, and voter fraud. We aim to provide a more holistic accounting, and to determine which political, psych…

  • The New Satanic Panic

    Open Access•Casey Klofstad, Olyvia R Christley et al.•ARTICLE•Political Science Quarterly•2024

    A moral panic animated by conspiracy theories alleging ritual sex abuse swept through the United States in the 1980s. During that “Satanic Panic,” as it came to be known, people expressed fears of social change regarding gender and sexuality. Beginning in 2022, conservative politicians, pundits, and pastors in the United States levied similar accusations of child grooming, sex trafficking, and satanic sex abuse at the LGBTQ + community, teachers,…

  • Left–right political orientations are not systematically related to conspiracism

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•Political Psychology•2025•Cited by: 6•References: 99

    Researchers have long sought to make generalizable conclusions about the relationship between conspiracism and political identities. However, this literature remains deeply conflicted. The “extremity hypothesis” argues that, due to the psychology of extremism, individuals who identify as extremely left or right wing should display higher levels of conspiracism than centrists. But the “asymmetry hypothesis” argues that, due to the psychology of co…

  • The Dynamics of Anti-Establishment Politics

    Open Access•A M Enders, Adam Enders et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2026

    Recent work theorizes that the American mass opinion space is organized along two broad, uncorrelated dimensions––a left–right one and an “anti-establishment” one––that jointly explain recent events in American politics, such as the election of Donald Trump and belief in conspiracy theories. In this paper, we test several previously untested predictions of this theory, including those involving temporal dynamics. Utilizing a time series of cross-…

Political science (5 works) · Psychology (5 works) · Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection (4 works) · Misinformation and Its Impacts (4 works) · Social Psychology (4 works) · Politics (3 works) · Positive economics (3 works) · Economics (2 works) · Epistemology (2 works) · Law (2 works)

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