Marc Bühlmann
Biographic Data
| ID | 4193789 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Marc Bühlmann |
| GIVEN NAMES | Marc |
| FAMILY NAME | Bühlmann |
| SIGNATURE | BÜHLMANN M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Bern |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 274 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 23 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
No, It Is Not All About Selective Exposure: Information Selection Strategies in Referendums
This article presents an in-depth understanding of information selection strategies in referendums. It builds on the theories of motivated reasoning, cognitive dissonance, information utility, and social identity to examine selective exposure in the context of referendums, and highlights how individuals select information, opting for either congruent and partisan (selective choice) or balanced and discrepant (enlightened choice) sources of inform…
Squaring the Circle: The Geometry of Power-Sharing in the Swiss Canton of Berne
In liberal democracies, the protection of territorial minorities can take various forms. This article presents and discusses the geometric mean as a peculiar mechanism used in the Swiss Canton of Bern to accommodate its francophone minority. The geometric mean combines corporate consociationalism with centripetal democracy in an innovative way, using both regional and total votes obtained by minority candidates to designate the one francophone me…
Taking the multidimensionality of democracy seriously: Institutional Patterns and the Quality of Democracy
Democracies come in all shapes and sizes. Which configuration of political institutions produces the highest democratic quality is a notorious debate. The lineup of contenders includes ‘consensus’, ‘Westminster’, and ‘centripetal’ democracy. A trend in the evaluation of the relationship between empirical patterns of democracy and its quality is that the multidimensional nature of both concepts is increasingly taken into account. This article test…
Campaign Strategies in the 2015 Swiss National Elections: Nationalization, Coordination, and Personalization
This research note examines parties' campaign strategies in the 2015 Swiss elections. We base our analyses on a collection of more than 5000 party advertisements, which were published in the forefront of the national elections in more than 50 daily and weekly national and cantonal print media. By comparing the amount of party and candidate ads, as well as the content and nature of the political advertisements, we explore the degree of professiona…
Do Ads Add Up? The Impact of Parties' Advertisements on the Stability of Vote Choice at the Swiss National Elections 2011
Our contribution analyses the influence of campaign advertisements on vote choice in the 2011 elections to the Swiss National Council. Concretely, we ask whether and to what extent the relative exposure to party ads of a preferred party exerts a reinforcing effect on an individual's party choice. We make use of the two‐wave panel structure contained in theRCSsurvey data of the Selects 2011 and combine it with data on advertisements in 20 importan…
Models for Democracy
Democracy can be conceptualized in different ways. Tilly (2007: 7) distinguishes between no less than four ways to define democracy: constitutional, substantive, procedural, and process-oriented. These four ways to approach our subject essentially boil down to two, however: process-oriented (procedural, constitutional) vs. substantive. In his Gettysburg address, Lincoln famously spoke of ‘government of the people, by the people, for the people’.1…
Democracy in the Age of Globalization and Mediatization
This book provides comprehensive coverage of the models of contemporary democracy; its social, cultural, economic and political prerequisites; its empirically existing varieties and its two major chal
Den Daumen senken“: Hochmut und Kritik
Liberale Romandie, radikale Deutschschweiz? Kantonale Demokratien zwischen Repräsentation und Partizipation
Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die weit verbreitete These, dass Deutschschweizer Kantone vor allem radikaldemokratische Merkmale aufweisen, während die lateinischen Kantone stärker liberal‐repräsentative Demokratieformen besitzen. Die empirische und mehrdimensionale Messung der Demokratiequalität in den Kantonen zeigt, dass die pauschale These der direktdemokratisch‐partizipatorischen Deutschschweizer Kantone auf der einen Seite und der reprä…
Municipal identity. A multilevel analysis of the determinants of individual attachment to municipalities
Demokratiebarometer: Ein neues Instrument zur Messung von Demokratiequalität
Representation Matters: The Impact of Descriptive Women's Representation on the Political Involvement of Women
In a cross-country comparison of 33 European countries, we tested whether a high degree of female representation attenuates the assumed negative impact of gender on political involvement. Our multilevel analyses show positive interactive effects of female representation: the degree to which the representation of women in a given country's national parliament was descriptively adequate was positively related to women's ratings of the importance of…
Creating a 'We-feeling' in Heterogeneous Nations: A Cross-country Investigation of the Impact of Inclusion and Autonomy on the National Pride of Ethnic Minorities
In this contribution, we investigate the impact of different institutions on ethnic minorities' political support. Based on a hierarchical cross-country comparison, we first show that individuals belonging to ethnic minorities have less national identity than the majority groups within the same country. We then test whether this negative effect of belonging to ethnic minorities can be attenuated by institutions. First, we argue that the inclusion…
The Democracy Barometer: A New Instrument to Measure the Quality of Democracy and its Potential for Comparative Research
Measuring characteristics of democracy is not an easy task, but anyone who does empirical research on democracy needs good measures. In this article, we present the Democracy Barometer, a new measure that overcomes the conceptual and methodological shortcomings of previous indices. It allows for a description and comparison of the quality of thirty established democracies in the timespan between 1995 and 2005. The article examines its descriptive…
Confidence in the Judiciary: Comparing the Independence and Legitimacy of Judicial Systems
This contribution investigates the determinants of judicial confidence. It argues that this is the decisive source of legitimacy for the third branch. Fairness and impartiality, i.e. the independence of the judiciary, are paramount in fostering citizens' confidence in the justice system. Through several multilevel analyses, the study tests whether judicial independence promotes the development of an individual's confidence in the justice system. …
Kommunale Identität: Eine Mehrebenenanalyse der Determinanten individueller Verbundenheit mit der Gemeinde
Substantive and Descriptive Representation in Swiss Cantons
Representation is crucial for democracy: good representation helps to increase responsiveness, foster electoral turnout, increase political interest and include minorities. However, what good representation should be is debated. In this contribution we distinguish the substantive and the descriptive approach of representation. While the two forms start from different normative assumptions, they both suggest the same impact of high degrees of repr…
Crafting Trust: The Role of Political Institutions in a Comparative Perspective
In this article, the authors evaluate the origins of generalized trust. In addition to examining individual-level determinants, the analytic focus is on the political-institutional context. In contrast to most of the analyses to date, the authors conduct hierarchical analyses of the World Values Surveys (1995-1997 and 1999-2001) to simultaneously test for differences among respondents in 58 countries and for variations in levels of trust between …
National Elections in Switzerland: An Introduction
“It is difficult to compare popular participation in Swiss elections with that of any other democratic country in Europe. The smallness of the country, the rugged nature of the land, the diversity of languages, the strengths of the traditions of local self-government, the variety of political institutions, and the multiplicity of elections make Switzerland a unique place for political experiments” (Gosnell 1930: 426)
Individual and Contextual Determinants of Electoral Participation
Individual-level explanations of electoral participation typically argue that non-voting is determined by a combination of facilitative and motivational factors. We advance the argument that, beyond individual characteristics, there are pivotal contextual features which enable or impede individual action through specific incentive structures. Thus, contextual factors influence the individual propensity to vote or to abstain. For the first time th…
Ulrike Schumacher: Lohn und Sinn. Individuelle Kombinationen von Erwerbsarbeit und freiwilligem Engagement
Individuelle und kontextuelle Determinanten der Teilhabe an Sozialkapital: Eine Mehrebenenanalyse zu den Bedingungen des Engagements in Freiwilligenorganisationen
Die Bildungsfinanzen der Schweizer Kantone. Der Einfluss sozioökonomischer Bedingungen, organisierter Interessen und politischer Institutionen auf die Bildungsausgaben im kantonalen Vergleich
This article seeks to explain cross‐cantonal variation in public education expenditure between 1985 and 1998. Four possible explanations are located: socio‐demographic and socio‐economic pressures, the impact of political institutions, the partisan theory, and the power resources of organized interests. Taking the research advantage of Swiss federalism our findings provide strong evidence that educational expenditure is systematically related to …
Crafting Trust: The Role of Political Institutions in a Comparative Perspective
In this article, the authors evaluate the origins of generalized trust. In addition to examining individual-level determinants, the analytic focus is on the political-institutional context. In contrast to most of the analyses to date, the authors conduct hierarchical analyses of the World Values Surveys (1995-1997 and 1999-2001) to simultaneously test for differences among respondents in 58 countries and for variations in levels of trust between …
The Democracy Barometer: A New Instrument to Measure the Quality of Democracy and its Potential for Comparative Research
Measuring characteristics of democracy is not an easy task, but anyone who does empirical research on democracy needs good measures. In this article, we present the Democracy Barometer, a new measure that overcomes the conceptual and methodological shortcomings of previous indices. It allows for a description and comparison of the quality of thirty established democracies in the timespan between 1995 and 2005. The article examines its descriptive…
Confidence in the Judiciary: Comparing the Independence and Legitimacy of Judicial Systems
This contribution investigates the determinants of judicial confidence. It argues that this is the decisive source of legitimacy for the third branch. Fairness and impartiality, i.e. the independence of the judiciary, are paramount in fostering citizens' confidence in the justice system. Through several multilevel analyses, the study tests whether judicial independence promotes the development of an individual's confidence in the justice system. …
Individual and Contextual Determinants of Electoral Participation
Individual-level explanations of electoral participation typically argue that non-voting is determined by a combination of facilitative and motivational factors. We advance the argument that, beyond individual characteristics, there are pivotal contextual features which enable or impede individual action through specific incentive structures. Thus, contextual factors influence the individual propensity to vote or to abstain. For the first time th…
Liberale Romandie, radikale Deutschschweiz? Kantonale Demokratien zwischen Repräsentation und Partizipation
Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die weit verbreitete These, dass Deutschschweizer Kantone vor allem radikaldemokratische Merkmale aufweisen, während die lateinischen Kantone stärker liberal‐repräsentative Demokratieformen besitzen. Die empirische und mehrdimensionale Messung der Demokratiequalität in den Kantonen zeigt, dass die pauschale These der direktdemokratisch‐partizipatorischen Deutschschweizer Kantone auf der einen Seite und der reprä…
Representation Matters: The Impact of Descriptive Women's Representation on the Political Involvement of Women
In a cross-country comparison of 33 European countries, we tested whether a high degree of female representation attenuates the assumed negative impact of gender on political involvement. Our multilevel analyses show positive interactive effects of female representation: the degree to which the representation of women in a given country's national parliament was descriptively adequate was positively related to women's ratings of the importance of…
Creating a 'We-feeling' in Heterogeneous Nations: A Cross-country Investigation of the Impact of Inclusion and Autonomy on the National Pride of Ethnic Minorities
In this contribution, we investigate the impact of different institutions on ethnic minorities' political support. Based on a hierarchical cross-country comparison, we first show that individuals belonging to ethnic minorities have less national identity than the majority groups within the same country. We then test whether this negative effect of belonging to ethnic minorities can be attenuated by institutions. First, we argue that the inclusion…
National Elections in Switzerland: An Introduction
“It is difficult to compare popular participation in Swiss elections with that of any other democratic country in Europe. The smallness of the country, the rugged nature of the land, the diversity of languages, the strengths of the traditions of local self-government, the variety of political institutions, and the multiplicity of elections make Switzerland a unique place for political experiments” (Gosnell 1930: 426)
Squaring the Circle: The Geometry of Power-Sharing in the Swiss Canton of Berne
In liberal democracies, the protection of territorial minorities can take various forms. This article presents and discusses the geometric mean as a peculiar mechanism used in the Swiss Canton of Bern to accommodate its francophone minority. The geometric mean combines corporate consociationalism with centripetal democracy in an innovative way, using both regional and total votes obtained by minority candidates to designate the one francophone me…
Substantive and Descriptive Representation in Swiss Cantons
Representation is crucial for democracy: good representation helps to increase responsiveness, foster electoral turnout, increase political interest and include minorities. However, what good representation should be is debated. In this contribution we distinguish the substantive and the descriptive approach of representation. While the two forms start from different normative assumptions, they both suggest the same impact of high degrees of repr…
Individuelle und kontextuelle Determinanten der Teilhabe an Sozialkapital: Eine Mehrebenenanalyse zu den Bedingungen des Engagements in Freiwilligenorganisationen
Die Bildungsfinanzen der Schweizer Kantone. Der Einfluss sozioökonomischer Bedingungen, organisierter Interessen und politischer Institutionen auf die Bildungsausgaben im kantonalen Vergleich
This article seeks to explain cross‐cantonal variation in public education expenditure between 1985 and 1998. Four possible explanations are located: socio‐demographic and socio‐economic pressures, the impact of political institutions, the partisan theory, and the power resources of organized interests. Taking the research advantage of Swiss federalism our findings provide strong evidence that educational expenditure is systematically related to …
Taking the multidimensionality of democracy seriously: Institutional Patterns and the Quality of Democracy
Democracies come in all shapes and sizes. Which configuration of political institutions produces the highest democratic quality is a notorious debate. The lineup of contenders includes ‘consensus’, ‘Westminster’, and ‘centripetal’ democracy. A trend in the evaluation of the relationship between empirical patterns of democracy and its quality is that the multidimensional nature of both concepts is increasingly taken into account. This article test…
Campaign Strategies in the 2015 Swiss National Elections: Nationalization, Coordination, and Personalization
This research note examines parties' campaign strategies in the 2015 Swiss elections. We base our analyses on a collection of more than 5000 party advertisements, which were published in the forefront of the national elections in more than 50 daily and weekly national and cantonal print media. By comparing the amount of party and candidate ads, as well as the content and nature of the political advertisements, we explore the degree of professiona…
Do Ads Add Up? The Impact of Parties' Advertisements on the Stability of Vote Choice at the Swiss National Elections 2011
Our contribution analyses the influence of campaign advertisements on vote choice in the 2011 elections to the Swiss National Council. Concretely, we ask whether and to what extent the relative exposure to party ads of a preferred party exerts a reinforcing effect on an individual's party choice. We make use of the two‐wave panel structure contained in theRCSsurvey data of the Selects 2011 and combine it with data on advertisements in 20 importan…
No, It Is Not All About Selective Exposure: Information Selection Strategies in Referendums
This article presents an in-depth understanding of information selection strategies in referendums. It builds on the theories of motivated reasoning, cognitive dissonance, information utility, and social identity to examine selective exposure in the context of referendums, and highlights how individuals select information, opting for either congruent and partisan (selective choice) or balanced and discrepant (enlightened choice) sources of inform…
Die Bildungsfinanzen der Schweizer Kantone. Der Einfluss sozioökonomischer Bedingungen, organisierter Interessen und politischer Institutionen auf die Bildungsausgaben im kantonalen Vergleich
This article seeks to explain cross‐cantonal variation in public education expenditure between 1985 and 1998. Four possible explanations are located: socio‐demographic and socio‐economic pressures, the impact of political institutions, the partisan theory, and the power resources of organized interests. Taking the research advantage of Swiss federalism our findings provide strong evidence that educational expenditure is systematically related to …
Ulrike Schumacher: Lohn und Sinn. Individuelle Kombinationen von Erwerbsarbeit und freiwilligem Engagement
Individuelle und kontextuelle Determinanten der Teilhabe an Sozialkapital: Eine Mehrebenenanalyse zu den Bedingungen des Engagements in Freiwilligenorganisationen
National Elections in Switzerland: An Introduction
“It is difficult to compare popular participation in Swiss elections with that of any other democratic country in Europe. The smallness of the country, the rugged nature of the land, the diversity of languages, the strengths of the traditions of local self-government, the variety of political institutions, and the multiplicity of elections make Switzerland a unique place for political experiments” (Gosnell 1930: 426)
Individual and Contextual Determinants of Electoral Participation
Individual-level explanations of electoral participation typically argue that non-voting is determined by a combination of facilitative and motivational factors. We advance the argument that, beyond individual characteristics, there are pivotal contextual features which enable or impede individual action through specific incentive structures. Thus, contextual factors influence the individual propensity to vote or to abstain. For the first time th…
Crafting Trust: The Role of Political Institutions in a Comparative Perspective
In this article, the authors evaluate the origins of generalized trust. In addition to examining individual-level determinants, the analytic focus is on the political-institutional context. In contrast to most of the analyses to date, the authors conduct hierarchical analyses of the World Values Surveys (1995-1997 and 1999-2001) to simultaneously test for differences among respondents in 58 countries and for variations in levels of trust between …
Kommunale Identität: Eine Mehrebenenanalyse der Determinanten individueller Verbundenheit mit der Gemeinde
Substantive and Descriptive Representation in Swiss Cantons
Representation is crucial for democracy: good representation helps to increase responsiveness, foster electoral turnout, increase political interest and include minorities. However, what good representation should be is debated. In this contribution we distinguish the substantive and the descriptive approach of representation. While the two forms start from different normative assumptions, they both suggest the same impact of high degrees of repr…
The Democracy Barometer: A New Instrument to Measure the Quality of Democracy and its Potential for Comparative Research
Measuring characteristics of democracy is not an easy task, but anyone who does empirical research on democracy needs good measures. In this article, we present the Democracy Barometer, a new measure that overcomes the conceptual and methodological shortcomings of previous indices. It allows for a description and comparison of the quality of thirty established democracies in the timespan between 1995 and 2005. The article examines its descriptive…
Confidence in the Judiciary: Comparing the Independence and Legitimacy of Judicial Systems
This contribution investigates the determinants of judicial confidence. It argues that this is the decisive source of legitimacy for the third branch. Fairness and impartiality, i.e. the independence of the judiciary, are paramount in fostering citizens' confidence in the justice system. Through several multilevel analyses, the study tests whether judicial independence promotes the development of an individual's confidence in the justice system. …
Municipal identity. A multilevel analysis of the determinants of individual attachment to municipalities
Demokratiebarometer: Ein neues Instrument zur Messung von Demokratiequalität
Representation Matters: The Impact of Descriptive Women's Representation on the Political Involvement of Women
In a cross-country comparison of 33 European countries, we tested whether a high degree of female representation attenuates the assumed negative impact of gender on political involvement. Our multilevel analyses show positive interactive effects of female representation: the degree to which the representation of women in a given country's national parliament was descriptively adequate was positively related to women's ratings of the importance of…
Creating a 'We-feeling' in Heterogeneous Nations: A Cross-country Investigation of the Impact of Inclusion and Autonomy on the National Pride of Ethnic Minorities
In this contribution, we investigate the impact of different institutions on ethnic minorities' political support. Based on a hierarchical cross-country comparison, we first show that individuals belonging to ethnic minorities have less national identity than the majority groups within the same country. We then test whether this negative effect of belonging to ethnic minorities can be attenuated by institutions. First, we argue that the inclusion…
Models for Democracy
Democracy can be conceptualized in different ways. Tilly (2007: 7) distinguishes between no less than four ways to define democracy: constitutional, substantive, procedural, and process-oriented. These four ways to approach our subject essentially boil down to two, however: process-oriented (procedural, constitutional) vs. substantive. In his Gettysburg address, Lincoln famously spoke of ‘government of the people, by the people, for the people’.1…
Democracy in the Age of Globalization and Mediatization
This book provides comprehensive coverage of the models of contemporary democracy; its social, cultural, economic and political prerequisites; its empirically existing varieties and its two major chal
Den Daumen senken“: Hochmut und Kritik
Liberale Romandie, radikale Deutschschweiz? Kantonale Demokratien zwischen Repräsentation und Partizipation
Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die weit verbreitete These, dass Deutschschweizer Kantone vor allem radikaldemokratische Merkmale aufweisen, während die lateinischen Kantone stärker liberal‐repräsentative Demokratieformen besitzen. Die empirische und mehrdimensionale Messung der Demokratiequalität in den Kantonen zeigt, dass die pauschale These der direktdemokratisch‐partizipatorischen Deutschschweizer Kantone auf der einen Seite und der reprä…
Do Ads Add Up? The Impact of Parties' Advertisements on the Stability of Vote Choice at the Swiss National Elections 2011
Our contribution analyses the influence of campaign advertisements on vote choice in the 2011 elections to the Swiss National Council. Concretely, we ask whether and to what extent the relative exposure to party ads of a preferred party exerts a reinforcing effect on an individual's party choice. We make use of the two‐wave panel structure contained in theRCSsurvey data of the Selects 2011 and combine it with data on advertisements in 20 importan…
Taking the multidimensionality of democracy seriously: Institutional Patterns and the Quality of Democracy
Democracies come in all shapes and sizes. Which configuration of political institutions produces the highest democratic quality is a notorious debate. The lineup of contenders includes ‘consensus’, ‘Westminster’, and ‘centripetal’ democracy. A trend in the evaluation of the relationship between empirical patterns of democracy and its quality is that the multidimensional nature of both concepts is increasingly taken into account. This article test…
Campaign Strategies in the 2015 Swiss National Elections: Nationalization, Coordination, and Personalization
This research note examines parties' campaign strategies in the 2015 Swiss elections. We base our analyses on a collection of more than 5000 party advertisements, which were published in the forefront of the national elections in more than 50 daily and weekly national and cantonal print media. By comparing the amount of party and candidate ads, as well as the content and nature of the political advertisements, we explore the degree of professiona…
Squaring the Circle: The Geometry of Power-Sharing in the Swiss Canton of Berne
In liberal democracies, the protection of territorial minorities can take various forms. This article presents and discusses the geometric mean as a peculiar mechanism used in the Swiss Canton of Bern to accommodate its francophone minority. The geometric mean combines corporate consociationalism with centripetal democracy in an innovative way, using both regional and total votes obtained by minority candidates to designate the one francophone me…
No, It Is Not All About Selective Exposure: Information Selection Strategies in Referendums
This article presents an in-depth understanding of information selection strategies in referendums. It builds on the theories of motivated reasoning, cognitive dissonance, information utility, and social identity to examine selective exposure in the context of referendums, and highlights how individuals select information, opting for either congruent and partisan (selective choice) or balanced and discrepant (enlightened choice) sources of inform…
Political science (20 works) · Politics (16 works) · Law (14 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Electoral Systems and Political Participation (12 works) · Democracy (8 works) · Law (7 works) · Psychology (7 works) · Economics (6 works) · Social Psychology (6 works)