Toshiaki Aizawa
Biographic Data
| ID | 4197677 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Toshiaki Aizawa |
| GIVEN NAMES | Toshiaki |
| FAMILY NAME | Aizawa |
| SIGNATURE | AIZAWA T |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of York |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3903-6855 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 15 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 3 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 15 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Employee well-being in the digital age
Re-visiting the Conditional Cash Transfer in India through the Partial Identification Approach
This study re-estimates the causal impacts of a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme in India, namely the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) scheme, on maternal and child healthcare use. The main goal is to provide new evidence and to assess the validity of the identification assumptions employed in previous studies on JSY. We achieve this by implementing a conservative partial identification approach. We find that the average treatment effects es…
Does the conditional maternal benefit programme reduce infant mortality in India
India, which suffers from the largest number of infant deaths in the world, introduced the conditional maternity benefit programme, ‘Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana’ (IGMSY), to provide cash directly to pregnant and lactating women contingent on specified maternal and infant healthcare uses. This study estimates the impact of this programme on infant mortality for the first 12 months after birth, exploiting the pilot phase of IGMSY as a natu…
Inequality in health opportunities in Indonesia
The results suggest that such interventions that compensate for disadvantaged early-life circumstances would be essential in reducing future health risks and mitigating health inequality
Inequality of opportunity in infant mortality in South Asia
Early-life environments into which newborn babies are born play principal roles in their development. This study explores inequalities in infant mortality that are rooted in household and parental socio-economic backgrounds in five South-Asian countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. Considering multidimensional aspects of socio-demographic and socio-economic status, this study explores disparities in the trajectory of survi…
Decomposition of Improvements in Infant Mortality in Asian Developing Countries Over Three Decades
Low- and middle-income countries in Asia have seen substantial improvements in infant mortality over the last three decades. This study examines the factors contributing to the improvement in infant survival in their first year in six Asian countries: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, and the Philippines. I decompose the overall improvement in the infant survival rate in the respective countries from the 1990s to the 2010s into the p…
Do cash transfers increase nutritional intakes? Experimental evidence from an unconditional cash transfer in Kenya
Malnutrition due to persistent food insecurity has been a serious public health issue in Kenya. An unconditional cash transfer programme, the Hunger Safety Net Programme (HSNP), was launched in 2009 in northern Kenya to reduce extreme poverty and to mitigate food insecurity. This study investigates the impact of the HSNP, on expenditure on food, types of food consumed and nutritional intake. Focusing on nutritional intake as well as spending and …
Trajectory of inequality of opportunity in child height growth
Socioeconomic circumstances during infancy and in early childhood shape later developmental opportunities. Understanding whether inequality in childrenâ s health becomes stronger with age from the evidence of longitudinal data is an important ï¬ rst step in r
Urban developments and health
This study explores the association between urban developments and health in China, a country that has experienced unprecedented economic growth and consequential rapid urbanisation over the last few decades. Exploiting the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey, this study analyses the effect of these urban developments on the entire distribution of 11 objectively measured health outcomes related to non-communicable diseases. Quantification of the …
Ex-ante Inequality of Opportunity in Child Malnutrition
The impact of health insurance on out-of-pocket expenditure on delivery in Indonesia
In this study, we estimate the effects of health insurance on the out-of-pocket expenditure on health care for maternal delivery in Indonesia. Distinguishing between the types of health insurance, we explore heterogeneity in the size of the impact of noncontributory insurance for poor households vis-à-vis contributory insurance for nonpoor households. We find that noncontributory insurance and contributory insurance reduce the average out-of-pock…
Inequality in the treatment of diabetes and hypertension across residency status in China
Objectives: This paper studies the institutional inequality that exists in the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension, as well as their diagnosis and medication management, between urban and rural residency status (hukou) holders in China. Methods: Exploiting the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey, we primarily demonstrate that while a lower proportion of rural residency holders suffer from diabetes and hypertension, a larger proportion have ne…
Regional Disparity in the Body Mass Index Distribution of Indonesians
This article studies the differentials in body mass index (BMI) across the distribution of Indonesian people in urban and rural regions, using the latest wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey. Besides the mean difference decomposition, this study implements a quantile decomposition analysis and decomposes the differentials between rural and urban populations at various quantile points of the distributions. This study offers new evidence of the…
Socioeconomic inequality in excessive body weight in Indonesia
International trade and determinants of price differentials of insulin medicine
Empirical studies on pharmaceutical pricing across countries have found evidence that prices vary according to per capita income. These studies are typically based on survey data from a subset of countries and cover only one year. In this paper, we study the international trade and price of insulin by using detailed trade data for 186 importing countries from 1995 to 2013. With almost 12,000 observations, our study constitutes the largest compara…
Decomposition of Improvements in Infant Mortality in Asian Developing Countries Over Three Decades
Low- and middle-income countries in Asia have seen substantial improvements in infant mortality over the last three decades. This study examines the factors contributing to the improvement in infant survival in their first year in six Asian countries: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, and the Philippines. I decompose the overall improvement in the infant survival rate in the respective countries from the 1990s to the 2010s into the p…
International trade and determinants of price differentials of insulin medicine
Empirical studies on pharmaceutical pricing across countries have found evidence that prices vary according to per capita income. These studies are typically based on survey data from a subset of countries and cover only one year. In this paper, we study the international trade and price of insulin by using detailed trade data for 186 importing countries from 1995 to 2013. With almost 12,000 observations, our study constitutes the largest compara…
Socioeconomic inequality in excessive body weight in Indonesia
International trade and determinants of price differentials of insulin medicine
Empirical studies on pharmaceutical pricing across countries have found evidence that prices vary according to per capita income. These studies are typically based on survey data from a subset of countries and cover only one year. In this paper, we study the international trade and price of insulin by using detailed trade data for 186 importing countries from 1995 to 2013. With almost 12,000 observations, our study constitutes the largest compara…
Inequality in the treatment of diabetes and hypertension across residency status in China
Objectives: This paper studies the institutional inequality that exists in the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension, as well as their diagnosis and medication management, between urban and rural residency status (hukou) holders in China. Methods: Exploiting the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey, we primarily demonstrate that while a lower proportion of rural residency holders suffer from diabetes and hypertension, a larger proportion have ne…
Regional Disparity in the Body Mass Index Distribution of Indonesians
This article studies the differentials in body mass index (BMI) across the distribution of Indonesian people in urban and rural regions, using the latest wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey. Besides the mean difference decomposition, this study implements a quantile decomposition analysis and decomposes the differentials between rural and urban populations at various quantile points of the distributions. This study offers new evidence of the…
Urban developments and health
This study explores the association between urban developments and health in China, a country that has experienced unprecedented economic growth and consequential rapid urbanisation over the last few decades. Exploiting the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey, this study analyses the effect of these urban developments on the entire distribution of 11 objectively measured health outcomes related to non-communicable diseases. Quantification of the …
Ex-ante Inequality of Opportunity in Child Malnutrition
The impact of health insurance on out-of-pocket expenditure on delivery in Indonesia
In this study, we estimate the effects of health insurance on the out-of-pocket expenditure on health care for maternal delivery in Indonesia. Distinguishing between the types of health insurance, we explore heterogeneity in the size of the impact of noncontributory insurance for poor households vis-à-vis contributory insurance for nonpoor households. We find that noncontributory insurance and contributory insurance reduce the average out-of-pock…
Do cash transfers increase nutritional intakes? Experimental evidence from an unconditional cash transfer in Kenya
Malnutrition due to persistent food insecurity has been a serious public health issue in Kenya. An unconditional cash transfer programme, the Hunger Safety Net Programme (HSNP), was launched in 2009 in northern Kenya to reduce extreme poverty and to mitigate food insecurity. This study investigates the impact of the HSNP, on expenditure on food, types of food consumed and nutritional intake. Focusing on nutritional intake as well as spending and …
Trajectory of inequality of opportunity in child height growth
Socioeconomic circumstances during infancy and in early childhood shape later developmental opportunities. Understanding whether inequality in childrenâ s health becomes stronger with age from the evidence of longitudinal data is an important ï¬ rst step in r
Inequality of opportunity in infant mortality in South Asia
Early-life environments into which newborn babies are born play principal roles in their development. This study explores inequalities in infant mortality that are rooted in household and parental socio-economic backgrounds in five South-Asian countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. Considering multidimensional aspects of socio-demographic and socio-economic status, this study explores disparities in the trajectory of survi…
Decomposition of Improvements in Infant Mortality in Asian Developing Countries Over Three Decades
Low- and middle-income countries in Asia have seen substantial improvements in infant mortality over the last three decades. This study examines the factors contributing to the improvement in infant survival in their first year in six Asian countries: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, and the Philippines. I decompose the overall improvement in the infant survival rate in the respective countries from the 1990s to the 2010s into the p…
Re-visiting the Conditional Cash Transfer in India through the Partial Identification Approach
This study re-estimates the causal impacts of a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme in India, namely the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) scheme, on maternal and child healthcare use. The main goal is to provide new evidence and to assess the validity of the identification assumptions employed in previous studies on JSY. We achieve this by implementing a conservative partial identification approach. We find that the average treatment effects es…
Does the conditional maternal benefit programme reduce infant mortality in India
India, which suffers from the largest number of infant deaths in the world, introduced the conditional maternity benefit programme, ‘Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana’ (IGMSY), to provide cash directly to pregnant and lactating women contingent on specified maternal and infant healthcare uses. This study estimates the impact of this programme on infant mortality for the first 12 months after birth, exploiting the pilot phase of IGMSY as a natu…
Inequality in health opportunities in Indonesia
The results suggest that such interventions that compensate for disadvantaged early-life circumstances would be essential in reducing future health risks and mitigating health inequality
Employee well-being in the digital age
Economics (12 works) · Medicine (12 works) · Economic growth (11 works) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (8 works) · Demography (7 works) · Environmental health (7 works) · Demographic economics (6 works) · Geography (6 works) · Inequality (6 works) · Population (6 works)