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Lindsey Runell

Biographic Data

ID4198333
NAMELindsey Runell
GIVEN NAMESLindsey
FAMILY NAMERunell
SIGNATURERUNELL L
AFFILIATIONSKutztown University
ORCID0000-0002-7805-4880
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS12
TOTAL CITATIONS1
WORKS AS AUTHOR12
WORKS AS EDITOR0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2020
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX1
  • Parental Support and Knowledge as Protective Factors for Youth at Risk for Future Offending

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Criminal Justice Review•2026

    The goal in conducting this study was to determine whether two forms of criminal thought process—moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity—mediate the past delinquency-future delinquency relationship. An additional goal was to see whether parental support and knowledge served as moderators of the mediating effect of moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity on future delinquency. Participants were 845 early adolescents (406 boys, 439 gi…

  • Temporal Order and Developmental Context of Aggressive Attitude and Aggressive Behavior

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Adolescence•2025

    INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the relationship between aggressive attitude and aggressive behavior is reciprocal or bidirectional in nature. METHOD: A sample of 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) between the ages of 10 and 13 (mean = 11.21) served as participants in this study. Aggressive attitudes were assessed with 4 items from the Denver Youth Survey Neutralization scale and aggressive behavior …

  • Peer‐Aggression Victimization and Perpetration in Middle School Youth

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Aggressive Behavior•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 30

    The purpose of this study was to examine early adolescent trajectories of bullying/peer‐aggression in terms of their prevalence, composition, and ability to correlate with concurrent delinquency. Three hypotheses were tested in a group of 1145 middle school students (49.6% male; mean age = 11.23 years) using longitudinal data spread out over three waves. The first hypothesis predicted that bullying/peer‐aggression victimization would be significa…

  • Does Decreased Parental Support/Bonding or Increased Peer Deviance Lead to a Rise in Delinquency in Early Adolescence? Investigating the Left Side of the Age-Crime Curve

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Jonathan Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice•2024

    The gap in the literature this study sought to fill was whether a reduction in parental support or an increase in peer deviance during early adolescence explains the left or ascending side of the age-crime curve. Employing the control and social learning components of interactional theory as a guide and assessing longitudinal data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) followed from a mean age of 11 (Wave 1) to a mean age of…

  • In search of the origins of crime continuity

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Jon Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Aggressive Behavior•2024•References: 33

    The purpose of this study was to test whether the psychological inertia process believed to give rise to crime continuity is limited to aggressive delinquency or evolves from both aggressive and nonaggressive delinquency. Self‐report data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) were analyzed in an effort to test the hypothesis that aggressive rather than nonaggressive delinquency precipitates a rise in delinquency through the…

  • For Girls Only? Conditioning the Mediated Relationship between Depression, Cognitive Impulsivity, and Delinquency on Sex

    Glenn D Walters, Jonathan Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Justice Quarterly•2023

    The objective of this study was to determine whether sex moderates the indirect effect of depression on delinquency via cognitive impulsivity and if so, whether the effect is stronger in girls than in boys. Participants for this study were 845 (406 boys, 439 girls) middle school students who completed surveys annually between the sixth and eighth grades. A moderated mediation analysis revealed that the depression → cognitive impulsivity → delinqu…

  • Mediating the Bullying-to-Delinquency Transition With Peer Delinquency and Cognitive Insensitivity

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Crime & Delinquency•2023

    This study sought to determine whether peer delinquency, cognitive insensitivity, and/or their interaction mediated the transition from bullying perpetration to delinquency. Data from 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) organized into three waves were subjected to path analysis, with peer delinquency and cognitive insensitivity as parallel mediators. Results revealed that cognitive insensitivity successfully mediated the relationship…

  • Drifters and Delinquents

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Crime & Delinquency•2023

    The purpose of this study was to compare drift/neutralization and criminal lifestyle interpretations of the neutralization-delinquency nexus in 1,005 (498 boys, 506 girls) youth (mean age = 11.22 years) organized into three groups: no delinquency, low-rate delinquency, and high-rate delinquency. Findings showed that low-rate delinquent youth were as committed to conventional social relationships as nondelinquent youth and more committed to conven…

  • Mediating the Worst of Both Worlds Effect with Facets of Criminal Thought Process

    Glenn D Walters, Jonathan Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Deviant Behavior•2023•References: 36

    The Worst of Both Worlds (WBW) hypothesis holds that prior offending and substance use in combination is significantly more likely to lead to antisocial behavior than either prior offending or prior substance use alone. In an effort to better understand the mechanisms behind the WBW effect, we performed a causal mediation analysis in which moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity served as mediators of the WBW-delinquency relationship in a …

  • Family structure and delinquency

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Adolescence•2022

    INTRODUCTION: This study investigates the direct and indirect effects of family structure on future delinquency using cognitive insensitivity and cognitive impulsivity as mediators. METHODS: Employing a sample of 845 middle school students (406 boys, 439 girls), this study examined the effects of family structure on future delinquency and antisocial cognition as students progressed through the middle school years-that is, sixth through eighth gra…

  • Career Aspirations, Influences, and Motives in Undergraduate Criminal Justice Majors

    Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Criminal Justice…•2022

    Career aspirations, influences, and motives were compared for cohorts of criminal justice majors surveyed in 2014 (N = 204) and 2021 (N = 218). The first hypotheses held that there would be significantly fewer students interested in a career in law enforcement in 2021 than in 2014 because of recent events involving police use of excessive force against people of color. Contrary to this hypothesis, interest in a law enforcement career, particularl…

  • Moderating the bullying perpetration–delinquency relationship with parental support and knowledge

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Jon Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Aggressive Behavior•2020•References: 44

    The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether parental support and knowledge moderate the relationship between bullying perpetration and delinquency. A sample of 305 middle school students (141 boys, 164 girls; 10–12 years of age) served as participants in this study. The research hypothesis predicted that parental support and knowledge would moderate the prospective bullying–delinquency relationship. Testing this hypothesis with least squar…

  • Peer‐Aggression Victimization and Perpetration in Middle School Youth

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Aggressive Behavior•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 30

    The purpose of this study was to examine early adolescent trajectories of bullying/peer‐aggression in terms of their prevalence, composition, and ability to correlate with concurrent delinquency. Three hypotheses were tested in a group of 1145 middle school students (49.6% male; mean age = 11.23 years) using longitudinal data spread out over three waves. The first hypothesis predicted that bullying/peer‐aggression victimization would be significa…

  • Moderating the bullying perpetration–delinquency relationship with parental support and knowledge

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Jon Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Aggressive Behavior•2020•References: 44

    The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether parental support and knowledge moderate the relationship between bullying perpetration and delinquency. A sample of 305 middle school students (141 boys, 164 girls; 10–12 years of age) served as participants in this study. The research hypothesis predicted that parental support and knowledge would moderate the prospective bullying–delinquency relationship. Testing this hypothesis with least squar…

  • Family structure and delinquency

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Adolescence•2022

    INTRODUCTION: This study investigates the direct and indirect effects of family structure on future delinquency using cognitive insensitivity and cognitive impulsivity as mediators. METHODS: Employing a sample of 845 middle school students (406 boys, 439 girls), this study examined the effects of family structure on future delinquency and antisocial cognition as students progressed through the middle school years-that is, sixth through eighth gra…

  • Career Aspirations, Influences, and Motives in Undergraduate Criminal Justice Majors

    Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Criminal Justice…•2022

    Career aspirations, influences, and motives were compared for cohorts of criminal justice majors surveyed in 2014 (N = 204) and 2021 (N = 218). The first hypotheses held that there would be significantly fewer students interested in a career in law enforcement in 2021 than in 2014 because of recent events involving police use of excessive force against people of color. Contrary to this hypothesis, interest in a law enforcement career, particularl…

  • For Girls Only? Conditioning the Mediated Relationship between Depression, Cognitive Impulsivity, and Delinquency on Sex

    Glenn D Walters, Jonathan Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Justice Quarterly•2023

    The objective of this study was to determine whether sex moderates the indirect effect of depression on delinquency via cognitive impulsivity and if so, whether the effect is stronger in girls than in boys. Participants for this study were 845 (406 boys, 439 girls) middle school students who completed surveys annually between the sixth and eighth grades. A moderated mediation analysis revealed that the depression → cognitive impulsivity → delinqu…

  • Mediating the Bullying-to-Delinquency Transition With Peer Delinquency and Cognitive Insensitivity

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Crime & Delinquency•2023

    This study sought to determine whether peer delinquency, cognitive insensitivity, and/or their interaction mediated the transition from bullying perpetration to delinquency. Data from 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) organized into three waves were subjected to path analysis, with peer delinquency and cognitive insensitivity as parallel mediators. Results revealed that cognitive insensitivity successfully mediated the relationship…

  • Drifters and Delinquents

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Crime & Delinquency•2023

    The purpose of this study was to compare drift/neutralization and criminal lifestyle interpretations of the neutralization-delinquency nexus in 1,005 (498 boys, 506 girls) youth (mean age = 11.22 years) organized into three groups: no delinquency, low-rate delinquency, and high-rate delinquency. Findings showed that low-rate delinquent youth were as committed to conventional social relationships as nondelinquent youth and more committed to conven…

  • Mediating the Worst of Both Worlds Effect with Facets of Criminal Thought Process

    Glenn D Walters, Jonathan Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Deviant Behavior•2023•References: 36

    The Worst of Both Worlds (WBW) hypothesis holds that prior offending and substance use in combination is significantly more likely to lead to antisocial behavior than either prior offending or prior substance use alone. In an effort to better understand the mechanisms behind the WBW effect, we performed a causal mediation analysis in which moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity served as mediators of the WBW-delinquency relationship in a …

  • Does Decreased Parental Support/Bonding or Increased Peer Deviance Lead to a Rise in Delinquency in Early Adolescence? Investigating the Left Side of the Age-Crime Curve

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Jonathan Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice•2024

    The gap in the literature this study sought to fill was whether a reduction in parental support or an increase in peer deviance during early adolescence explains the left or ascending side of the age-crime curve. Employing the control and social learning components of interactional theory as a guide and assessing longitudinal data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) followed from a mean age of 11 (Wave 1) to a mean age of…

  • In search of the origins of crime continuity

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Jon Kremser et al.•ARTICLE•Aggressive Behavior•2024•References: 33

    The purpose of this study was to test whether the psychological inertia process believed to give rise to crime continuity is limited to aggressive delinquency or evolves from both aggressive and nonaggressive delinquency. Self‐report data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) were analyzed in an effort to test the hypothesis that aggressive rather than nonaggressive delinquency precipitates a rise in delinquency through the…

  • Temporal Order and Developmental Context of Aggressive Attitude and Aggressive Behavior

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Adolescence•2025

    INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the relationship between aggressive attitude and aggressive behavior is reciprocal or bidirectional in nature. METHOD: A sample of 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) between the ages of 10 and 13 (mean = 11.21) served as participants in this study. Aggressive attitudes were assessed with 4 items from the Denver Youth Survey Neutralization scale and aggressive behavior …

  • Peer‐Aggression Victimization and Perpetration in Middle School Youth

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Aggressive Behavior•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 30

    The purpose of this study was to examine early adolescent trajectories of bullying/peer‐aggression in terms of their prevalence, composition, and ability to correlate with concurrent delinquency. Three hypotheses were tested in a group of 1145 middle school students (49.6% male; mean age = 11.23 years) using longitudinal data spread out over three waves. The first hypothesis predicted that bullying/peer‐aggression victimization would be significa…

  • Parental Support and Knowledge as Protective Factors for Youth at Risk for Future Offending

    Open Access•Glenn D Walters, Lindsey Runell et al.•ARTICLE•Criminal Justice Review•2026

    The goal in conducting this study was to determine whether two forms of criminal thought process—moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity—mediate the past delinquency-future delinquency relationship. An additional goal was to see whether parental support and knowledge served as moderators of the mediating effect of moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity on future delinquency. Participants were 845 early adolescents (406 boys, 439 gi…

Psychology (11 works) · Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression (9 works) · Developmental psychology (9 works) · Juvenile delinquency (9 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (8 works) · Poison control (8 works) · Medicine (7 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (5 works) · Cognition (5 works) · Human Factors and Ergonomics (5 works)

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