Leana A Bouffard
Biographic Data
| ID | 4198494 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Leana A Bouffard |
| GIVEN NAMES | Leana A |
| FAMILY NAME | Bouffard |
| SIGNATURE | BOUFFARD L A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Iowa State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1781-0424 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 87 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 25 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Supporting Victims of Sexual Assault
Police undertake a range of decisions following a sexual assault disclosure. Research has not examined the decision to provide service referral information or engage a victim advocate during the formal response. This study used a purposive sample of 436 sexual assault police case files from a large, urban agency to understand how “real rape” mythology and “worthy victim” schemata affected these decisions. Three multivariate binary logistic regres…
Understanding the Decision to Officially Report Sexual Assaults in Prison
Most studies of crime reporting examine decisions to report to the police in community settings. While informative, this focus leaves a gap in identifying the correlates of official reporting behaviors among incarcerated individuals. This is noteworthy considering the passage of the Prison Rape Elimination Act mandating states collect and report data on sexual assaults in confinement facilities. To address these concerns, this study provides one …
A Person-Centered, Theoretically-Informed Analysis of Gender Differences in Aggression
The “gender gap” in offending is largest for violent crime types, and many theoretical perspectives have attempted to account for this gap. The current study provides unique insight into these issues by using a sample of men and women in prison to examine and explain intentions to be aggressive in response to a hypothetical scenario. Results show that similar factors (e.g., low self-control, prior aggression) predict aggressive responses to a hyp…
Police Decisions in a Rape Scenario
This study examined the direct effect of "classic rape" characteristics, and how they were moderated by rape myth endorsement, on the likelihood of arrest, perceived district attorney charge acceptance, and perceived suspect conviction using a formal rape disclosure among a sample of 468 police participants from a sizeable municipal law enforcement agency in one of the fifth largest and most diverse U.S. cities. A randomly assigned, between-subje…
Focal Concerns and Intimate Partner Violence Case Processing
Focal concerns has utility for explaining criminal justice decisions, including among police. At present, there is no research that has examined focal concerns and arrest decisions in non-sexual, intimate partner violence (IPV) cases. This study used a stratified random sample of 776 IPV incidents from an urban police department in one of the five largest and most diverse US cities to assess the effect of focal concerns on arrest. A multivariate …
The influence of youth and parent reports of parental knowledge and monitoring and reporting discrepancy on high risk youth offending
INTRODUCTION: Positive parenting practices are known to be related to lower levels of youth offending. Questions remain as to the overlap between youth and parent perceptions of parenting practices, and the relationship of perception discrepancies with youth offending. This study examines the concordance of parenting behaviors reports, the relationship between parent and youth perceptions of parenting measures with youth offending, and whether di…
Still in the shadows
Perceptions of Victim Advocates and Predictors of Service Referral Among Law Enforcement Personnel
Limited research exists on police officers’ service provision for sexual and domestic violence survivors after they formally report. This study used surveys from 452 commissioned officers at an urban police department in one of the five largest and most diverse U.S. cities to examine police perceptions of victim advocates, self-reported frequency of referral, and predictors of service referral among police. Findings revealed officers were relativ…
Risk factor profile of youth incarcerated for child to parent violence
Sexual coercion, sexual aggression, or sexual assault
Purpose Definitions of rape and sexual aggression have varied widely in the research literature, resulting in a wide range of estimates for perpetration and remaining questions as to the factors that may affect involvement in sexual violence. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The current study uses a sample of college men to assess multiple forms of measurement of sexual aggression and theoretical predictors. Findi…
Are college students really at a higher risk for stalking
Immigrants as victims
Research on victimization suggests that low self-control substantially increases the risk of victimization. Previous research has investigated the effect of low-self-control among a variety of samples. Seldom examined is the immigrant population. Because immigrants have become an important component of the U.S. population and are fast increasing in number, it is important to study their victimization experience. Immigrants possess different backg…
Violent Victimization Vulnerability
The current study extends theories of crime to explain victimization by examining the direct effects of personality factors (low self-control), social factors (social bonds), and community factors (collective efficacy) on violent victimization. Next, we examine the effects of these theories indirectly through risky lifestyles to impact violent victimization. The proposed conceptual model is tested among a large national sample of youth (ages 12–1…
Sexual Orientation and Substance Use
There is a substantial amount of research exploring patterns of sexual orientation and substance use, often finding increased substance use for non-heterosexuals. An additional body of research explores the concept of family support from a number of perspectives. There is a noted lack of overlay between family support, sexual orientation, and substance use. This research uses data from Waves III and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adoles…
Sexual Orientation and the Effects of Intimate Partner Violence
Studies have demonstrated a relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and depression and other mental health issues such as suicidal behavior and posttraumatic stress disorder. Despite the breadth of the literature, there is a dearth of information specifically regarding the effects of IPV in same-sex relationships. Information regarding the prevalence of substance abuse and health issues in non-heterosexual IPV victims when compared t…
Stability of self-control and gender
Extending Interactional Theory
Interactional theory argues that theoretical variables and delinquency have reciprocal causal relationships. While empirical support for the reciprocal relationships has been found, the impact of delinquency on later changes in the variables, including attenuated attachment to family, needs more elaboration. Labeling theory may offer a constructive extension to interactional theory, given their common emphases on theoretical integration, age-vary…
What works (or doesn't) in a DUI court? An example of expedited case processing
Exploring the utility of entitlement in understanding sexual aggression
Bosnian Women and Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is increasingly viewed as a global social problem. Research examining this issue, however, generally has been limited to North America, leaving an extensive gap in the literature. This study aims to narrow this gap by examining IPV among Bosnian women. Specifically, an exploratory analysis will be structured around two important and interrelated areas: prevelance of IPV and attitudes related to IPV. Approximately 7…
An Exploratory Analysis of Victim Precipitation Among Men and Women Arrested for Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex social problem that has produced a wide variety of explanations. However, few studies have explored what, if any, role victim precipitation plays in IPV. Victim precipitation is generally defined as behavior by the victim that initiates the subsequent behavior of the victimizer; however, studies using this concept have often been accused of subtle and overt victim blaming. Distinguishing victim precipi…
Investigating the impact of extended bar closing times on police stops for DUI
A Quantitative Review of Structured, Group-Oriented, Cognitive-Behavioral Programs for Offenders
Prior reviews and meta-analyses have supported the hypothesis that offender rehabilitation programs based on cognitive-behavioral principles reduce recidivism. This article quantitatively synthesizes the extant empirical evidence on the effectiveness of structured cognitive-behavioral programs delivered to groups of offenders. The evidence summarized supports the claim that these treatments are effective at reducing criminal behavior among convic…
The Military as a Bridging Environment in Criminal Careers
Little research has examined the relationship between military service and criminal behavior, and what few studies exist have included a basic comparison of a group of men with military service and a group without service. This strategy fails to consider how the military experience may differ for different individuals. This study examines whether the relationship between military service and criminal behavior depends on sociodemographic character…
Examining the Relationship Between Military Service and Criminal Behavior During the Vietnam Era
Throughout U.S. history, the military has played a role in the lives of a large proportion of the U.S. population. However, little research has focused on this topic, particularly in criminology. This study seeks to determine whether military service changes an individual's criminal behavior and/or whether the military provides another setting for the continuation of prior behavior. To address these questions, this study uses Wolfgang's 1945 Phil…
Examining the Relationship Between Military Service and Criminal Behavior During the Vietnam Era
Throughout U.S. history, the military has played a role in the lives of a large proportion of the U.S. population. However, little research has focused on this topic, particularly in criminology. This study seeks to determine whether military service changes an individual's criminal behavior and/or whether the military provides another setting for the continuation of prior behavior. To address these questions, this study uses Wolfgang's 1945 Phil…
The Military as a Bridging Environment in Criminal Careers
Little research has examined the relationship between military service and criminal behavior, and what few studies exist have included a basic comparison of a group of men with military service and a group without service. This strategy fails to consider how the military experience may differ for different individuals. This study examines whether the relationship between military service and criminal behavior depends on sociodemographic character…
Stability of self-control and gender
Exploring the utility of entitlement in understanding sexual aggression
Are college students really at a higher risk for stalking
Extending Interactional Theory
Interactional theory argues that theoretical variables and delinquency have reciprocal causal relationships. While empirical support for the reciprocal relationships has been found, the impact of delinquency on later changes in the variables, including attenuated attachment to family, needs more elaboration. Labeling theory may offer a constructive extension to interactional theory, given their common emphases on theoretical integration, age-vary…
Violent Victimization Vulnerability
The current study extends theories of crime to explain victimization by examining the direct effects of personality factors (low self-control), social factors (social bonds), and community factors (collective efficacy) on violent victimization. Next, we examine the effects of these theories indirectly through risky lifestyles to impact violent victimization. The proposed conceptual model is tested among a large national sample of youth (ages 12–1…
Sexual coercion, sexual aggression, or sexual assault
Purpose Definitions of rape and sexual aggression have varied widely in the research literature, resulting in a wide range of estimates for perpetration and remaining questions as to the factors that may affect involvement in sexual violence. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The current study uses a sample of college men to assess multiple forms of measurement of sexual aggression and theoretical predictors. Findi…
Bosnian Women and Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is increasingly viewed as a global social problem. Research examining this issue, however, generally has been limited to North America, leaving an extensive gap in the literature. This study aims to narrow this gap by examining IPV among Bosnian women. Specifically, an exploratory analysis will be structured around two important and interrelated areas: prevelance of IPV and attitudes related to IPV. Approximately 7…
Perceptions of Victim Advocates and Predictors of Service Referral Among Law Enforcement Personnel
Limited research exists on police officers’ service provision for sexual and domestic violence survivors after they formally report. This study used surveys from 452 commissioned officers at an urban police department in one of the five largest and most diverse U.S. cities to examine police perceptions of victim advocates, self-reported frequency of referral, and predictors of service referral among police. Findings revealed officers were relativ…
Investigating the impact of extended bar closing times on police stops for DUI
Sexual Orientation and Substance Use
There is a substantial amount of research exploring patterns of sexual orientation and substance use, often finding increased substance use for non-heterosexuals. An additional body of research explores the concept of family support from a number of perspectives. There is a noted lack of overlay between family support, sexual orientation, and substance use. This research uses data from Waves III and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adoles…
What works (or doesn't) in a DUI court? An example of expedited case processing
An Exploratory Analysis of Victim Precipitation Among Men and Women Arrested for Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex social problem that has produced a wide variety of explanations. However, few studies have explored what, if any, role victim precipitation plays in IPV. Victim precipitation is generally defined as behavior by the victim that initiates the subsequent behavior of the victimizer; however, studies using this concept have often been accused of subtle and overt victim blaming. Distinguishing victim precipi…
Examining the Relationship Between Military Service and Criminal Behavior During the Vietnam Era
Throughout U.S. history, the military has played a role in the lives of a large proportion of the U.S. population. However, little research has focused on this topic, particularly in criminology. This study seeks to determine whether military service changes an individual's criminal behavior and/or whether the military provides another setting for the continuation of prior behavior. To address these questions, this study uses Wolfgang's 1945 Phil…
A Quantitative Review of Structured, Group-Oriented, Cognitive-Behavioral Programs for Offenders
Prior reviews and meta-analyses have supported the hypothesis that offender rehabilitation programs based on cognitive-behavioral principles reduce recidivism. This article quantitatively synthesizes the extant empirical evidence on the effectiveness of structured cognitive-behavioral programs delivered to groups of offenders. The evidence summarized supports the claim that these treatments are effective at reducing criminal behavior among convic…
The Military as a Bridging Environment in Criminal Careers
Little research has examined the relationship between military service and criminal behavior, and what few studies exist have included a basic comparison of a group of men with military service and a group without service. This strategy fails to consider how the military experience may differ for different individuals. This study examines whether the relationship between military service and criminal behavior depends on sociodemographic character…
An Exploratory Analysis of Victim Precipitation Among Men and Women Arrested for Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex social problem that has produced a wide variety of explanations. However, few studies have explored what, if any, role victim precipitation plays in IPV. Victim precipitation is generally defined as behavior by the victim that initiates the subsequent behavior of the victimizer; however, studies using this concept have often been accused of subtle and overt victim blaming. Distinguishing victim precipi…
Investigating the impact of extended bar closing times on police stops for DUI
Bosnian Women and Intimate Partner Violence
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is increasingly viewed as a global social problem. Research examining this issue, however, generally has been limited to North America, leaving an extensive gap in the literature. This study aims to narrow this gap by examining IPV among Bosnian women. Specifically, an exploratory analysis will be structured around two important and interrelated areas: prevelance of IPV and attitudes related to IPV. Approximately 7…
Exploring the utility of entitlement in understanding sexual aggression
What works (or doesn't) in a DUI court? An example of expedited case processing
Sexual Orientation and the Effects of Intimate Partner Violence
Studies have demonstrated a relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and depression and other mental health issues such as suicidal behavior and posttraumatic stress disorder. Despite the breadth of the literature, there is a dearth of information specifically regarding the effects of IPV in same-sex relationships. Information regarding the prevalence of substance abuse and health issues in non-heterosexual IPV victims when compared t…
Stability of self-control and gender
Extending Interactional Theory
Interactional theory argues that theoretical variables and delinquency have reciprocal causal relationships. While empirical support for the reciprocal relationships has been found, the impact of delinquency on later changes in the variables, including attenuated attachment to family, needs more elaboration. Labeling theory may offer a constructive extension to interactional theory, given their common emphases on theoretical integration, age-vary…
Immigrants as victims
Research on victimization suggests that low self-control substantially increases the risk of victimization. Previous research has investigated the effect of low-self-control among a variety of samples. Seldom examined is the immigrant population. Because immigrants have become an important component of the U.S. population and are fast increasing in number, it is important to study their victimization experience. Immigrants possess different backg…
Violent Victimization Vulnerability
The current study extends theories of crime to explain victimization by examining the direct effects of personality factors (low self-control), social factors (social bonds), and community factors (collective efficacy) on violent victimization. Next, we examine the effects of these theories indirectly through risky lifestyles to impact violent victimization. The proposed conceptual model is tested among a large national sample of youth (ages 12–1…
Sexual Orientation and Substance Use
There is a substantial amount of research exploring patterns of sexual orientation and substance use, often finding increased substance use for non-heterosexuals. An additional body of research explores the concept of family support from a number of perspectives. There is a noted lack of overlay between family support, sexual orientation, and substance use. This research uses data from Waves III and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adoles…
Sexual coercion, sexual aggression, or sexual assault
Purpose Definitions of rape and sexual aggression have varied widely in the research literature, resulting in a wide range of estimates for perpetration and remaining questions as to the factors that may affect involvement in sexual violence. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The current study uses a sample of college men to assess multiple forms of measurement of sexual aggression and theoretical predictors. Findi…
Are college students really at a higher risk for stalking
Risk factor profile of youth incarcerated for child to parent violence
Perceptions of Victim Advocates and Predictors of Service Referral Among Law Enforcement Personnel
Limited research exists on police officers’ service provision for sexual and domestic violence survivors after they formally report. This study used surveys from 452 commissioned officers at an urban police department in one of the five largest and most diverse U.S. cities to examine police perceptions of victim advocates, self-reported frequency of referral, and predictors of service referral among police. Findings revealed officers were relativ…
The influence of youth and parent reports of parental knowledge and monitoring and reporting discrepancy on high risk youth offending
INTRODUCTION: Positive parenting practices are known to be related to lower levels of youth offending. Questions remain as to the overlap between youth and parent perceptions of parenting practices, and the relationship of perception discrepancies with youth offending. This study examines the concordance of parenting behaviors reports, the relationship between parent and youth perceptions of parenting measures with youth offending, and whether di…
Still in the shadows
Focal Concerns and Intimate Partner Violence Case Processing
Focal concerns has utility for explaining criminal justice decisions, including among police. At present, there is no research that has examined focal concerns and arrest decisions in non-sexual, intimate partner violence (IPV) cases. This study used a stratified random sample of 776 IPV incidents from an urban police department in one of the five largest and most diverse US cities to assess the effect of focal concerns on arrest. A multivariate …
Understanding the Decision to Officially Report Sexual Assaults in Prison
Most studies of crime reporting examine decisions to report to the police in community settings. While informative, this focus leaves a gap in identifying the correlates of official reporting behaviors among incarcerated individuals. This is noteworthy considering the passage of the Prison Rape Elimination Act mandating states collect and report data on sexual assaults in confinement facilities. To address these concerns, this study provides one …
A Person-Centered, Theoretically-Informed Analysis of Gender Differences in Aggression
The “gender gap” in offending is largest for violent crime types, and many theoretical perspectives have attempted to account for this gap. The current study provides unique insight into these issues by using a sample of men and women in prison to examine and explain intentions to be aggressive in response to a hypothetical scenario. Results show that similar factors (e.g., low self-control, prior aggression) predict aggressive responses to a hyp…
Police Decisions in a Rape Scenario
This study examined the direct effect of "classic rape" characteristics, and how they were moderated by rape myth endorsement, on the likelihood of arrest, perceived district attorney charge acceptance, and perceived suspect conviction using a formal rape disclosure among a sample of 468 police participants from a sizeable municipal law enforcement agency in one of the fifth largest and most diverse U.S. cities. A randomly assigned, between-subje…
Supporting Victims of Sexual Assault
Police undertake a range of decisions following a sexual assault disclosure. Research has not examined the decision to provide service referral information or engage a victim advocate during the formal response. This study used a purposive sample of 436 sexual assault police case files from a large, urban agency to understand how “real rape” mythology and “worthy victim” schemata affected these decisions. Three multivariate binary logistic regres…
Psychology (25 works) · Criminology (18 works) · Medicine (16 works) · Social Psychology (15 works) · Poison control (12 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (11 works) · Intimate Partner and Family Violence (11 works) · Clinical Psychology (10 works) · Law (9 works) · Medical emergency (9 works)