Felix Schulte
Biographic Data
| ID | 4206748 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Felix Schulte |
| GIVEN NAMES | Felix |
| FAMILY NAME | Schulte |
| SIGNATURE | SCHULTE F |
| AFFILIATIONS | European Centre for Minority Issues |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4183-0214 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 16 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 28 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 16 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Patterns and Drivers of Repression against Crimean Tatars
This article introduces CriTaRep v1, a geo-coded event dataset documenting state repression against Crimean Tatars (2000–2024). Drawing on locally sourced materials in Crimean Tatar, Ukrainian, and Russian languages, CriTaRep records n = 709 repression events affecting more than 2,200 individual victims. We inductively identify 22 repression types across three categories: deprivation of liberty, legal and administrative repression, and physical r…
Can Power-Sharing Reforms Mitigate Subnational Autocratization in Autonomous Regions? Experimental Evidence from Gagauzia
Subnational autocratization presents a significant challenge to liberal democracy, particularly in autonomous minority regions. We explore whether power-sharing institutionalreforms (PSI) foster democratic attitudes among ethnic minorities in autocratizing autonomous regions. Consociational theory suggests PSI alleviate grievances and reduce polarization, thereby strengthening democracy, yet causal evidence remains scarce. Using a pre-registered …
Nationalist focal events and anti-minority violence–how soldier funerals spark ethnic riots in Turkey
What triggers anti-minority riots? We examine the role of soldier funerals as highly visible mourning rituals that amplify collective emotions and foster nationalist sentiment. Focusing on a most-likely setting, anti-Syrian riots in Turkey, we argue that soldier funerals motivate pro-group behaviour while simultaneously intensifying outgroup hostility, thereby increasing the likelihood of retributive violence against minority members. Combining f…
Lost autonomy triggers and the rise of secessionism
While secessionist movements have surged globally over the past century, the prevailing structuralist and institutionalist approaches inadequately capture the dynamics of secessionism. We argue that lost autonomy triggers, sudden transformative events symbolizing a loss of autonomy for ethnic minorities, can be profoundly disruptive, eliciting pro-secessionist backlashes. Despite their significance, the causal impact of such triggering events rem…
The Magnitude of Triggering Events and the Nonlinear Dynamics of Ethnic and Religious Upheavals
Ethnic and religious conflicts often resemble the proverbial powder keg, characterized by sudden eruptions of conflictive mass behavior in the form of protests or riots. Typically, such escalation episodes are ignited by highly disruptive events: Point‐like triggers at a specific juncture of time and space that facilitate and precipitate collective action. Despite rich anecdotal evidence, triggering events as proximate causes of identity conflict…
Cultural memory and the minority effect in (un-)willingness to fight for the country
A growing literature examines why and under what conditions citizens are willing to fight for their country, yet it often overlooks societal heterogeneity. In multiethnic states, ethnic minorities may hold fundamentally different views about defending a majority-dominated nation-state. We argue that in divided societies, citizens’ willingness to fight is deeply shaped by cultural identity and historical narratives, which influence threat percepti…
How exposure to wartime violence shapes conflict resolution preferences
Wartime violence profoundly shapes attitudes and political behavior, yet its impact on preferences for specific conflict resolution strategies remains underexplored. Using survey data ( n = 1452) from Syrian refugees in a Turkish UNHCR camp, we analyze how the severity and type of violence experienced during the Syrian Civil War influence support for various conflict resolution options. Our findings support the “war-weariness” hypothesis: individ…
A tale of two logics
Scholars have paid considerable attention to the attitudes of host societies towards immigration. However, relatively little is known about whether and under which conditions immigrants themselves support immigration more or less than those without a migration background. This study argues that immigrant attitudes towards immigration are motivated by two competing logics, solidarity and threat, with each logic being activated under different circ…
How party competition shapes ethnic parties’ positions on migration and immigration
What positions do ethnic parties adopt on issues related to migration and immigration? We argue that, first, the specific characteristics of the party system – that is, if there are further ethnic parties that compete for votes, in particular among the same ethnic group – matter for the policy profile of ethnic parties on immigration policy. Secondly, we expect that the ideological position of an ethnic party should matter for their immigration p…
What’s Law Got to Do with It? How the Degree of Legalization Affects the Durability of Post-Conflict Autonomy Agreements
Research has identified several factors that impact the sustainability of post-conflict territorial autonomy arrangements (TAA), including previous levels of violence, economic development in a given territory, or the strategic importance thereof. We argue that a hitherto neglected variable lies in the legal form of the autonomy agreement—that is, the degree to which it has been ‘legalized’ by the language and processes prescribed in the agreemen…
Grievances, Policies or Clientelism? The Different Logics behind Ethnic Voting in Democracies and Autocracies
In this article, we explore the reasons why some ethnic groups tend to vote along ethnic lines while others do not. We argue that existing explanations for ethnic voting can be grouped into three main approaches: policy-based, grievance-based, and clientelism. However, we contend that inconsistencies in previous empirical research come from a failure to account for the political context in which ethnic voting occurs. Specifically, we argue that e…
Repression and backlash protests
This study investigates how different targets of state-sanctioned arrests shape the likelihood of collective action. We hypothesize that leader arrests are especially likely to result in backlash protests. Leader arrests symbolize the suppression of social collectives, they create collective grievances, and constitute focal points for mobilization. Building on a global sample of arrests of cultural identity group members, we qualitatively traced …
Self‐Ruleand Intrastate Conflict Risk in Divided Societies
Scholars debate whether self‐rule is conducive to intrastate violence or peace. We argue that to resolve this problem the entire institutional setup of the state must be taken into account. Whereas the centripetalist view deemphasizes self‐rule as a vehicle of interethnic competition, consociationalism holds that it is the interplay of accommodative institutions, with segmental autonomy among them, that promotes intrastate peace. We test these ri…
Peace through Self-Determination
Untangling territorial self-governance – new typology and data
The high degree of conceptual confusion in the field of territorial self-governance constitutes a major obstacle to robust findings. Based on a parsimonious definition involving three individually necessary and jointly sufficient criteria (constitutional protection, territorial quality, and strength of self-rule), we develop a new typology of territorial self-governance that carves out subnational differences in kind. Empirically, we take a fresh…
Peace through Self-Determination
Untangling territorial self-governance – new typology and data
The high degree of conceptual confusion in the field of territorial self-governance constitutes a major obstacle to robust findings. Based on a parsimonious definition involving three individually necessary and jointly sufficient criteria (constitutional protection, territorial quality, and strength of self-rule), we develop a new typology of territorial self-governance that carves out subnational differences in kind. Empirically, we take a fresh…
A tale of two logics
Scholars have paid considerable attention to the attitudes of host societies towards immigration. However, relatively little is known about whether and under which conditions immigrants themselves support immigration more or less than those without a migration background. This study argues that immigrant attitudes towards immigration are motivated by two competing logics, solidarity and threat, with each logic being activated under different circ…
Self‐Ruleand Intrastate Conflict Risk in Divided Societies
Scholars debate whether self‐rule is conducive to intrastate violence or peace. We argue that to resolve this problem the entire institutional setup of the state must be taken into account. Whereas the centripetalist view deemphasizes self‐rule as a vehicle of interethnic competition, consociationalism holds that it is the interplay of accommodative institutions, with segmental autonomy among them, that promotes intrastate peace. We test these ri…
How party competition shapes ethnic parties’ positions on migration and immigration
What positions do ethnic parties adopt on issues related to migration and immigration? We argue that, first, the specific characteristics of the party system – that is, if there are further ethnic parties that compete for votes, in particular among the same ethnic group – matter for the policy profile of ethnic parties on immigration policy. Secondly, we expect that the ideological position of an ethnic party should matter for their immigration p…
What’s Law Got to Do with It? How the Degree of Legalization Affects the Durability of Post-Conflict Autonomy Agreements
Research has identified several factors that impact the sustainability of post-conflict territorial autonomy arrangements (TAA), including previous levels of violence, economic development in a given territory, or the strategic importance thereof. We argue that a hitherto neglected variable lies in the legal form of the autonomy agreement—that is, the degree to which it has been ‘legalized’ by the language and processes prescribed in the agreemen…
Repression and backlash protests
This study investigates how different targets of state-sanctioned arrests shape the likelihood of collective action. We hypothesize that leader arrests are especially likely to result in backlash protests. Leader arrests symbolize the suppression of social collectives, they create collective grievances, and constitute focal points for mobilization. Building on a global sample of arrests of cultural identity group members, we qualitatively traced …
Peace through Self-Determination
Untangling territorial self-governance – new typology and data
The high degree of conceptual confusion in the field of territorial self-governance constitutes a major obstacle to robust findings. Based on a parsimonious definition involving three individually necessary and jointly sufficient criteria (constitutional protection, territorial quality, and strength of self-rule), we develop a new typology of territorial self-governance that carves out subnational differences in kind. Empirically, we take a fresh…
Peace through Self-Determination
Self‐Ruleand Intrastate Conflict Risk in Divided Societies
Scholars debate whether self‐rule is conducive to intrastate violence or peace. We argue that to resolve this problem the entire institutional setup of the state must be taken into account. Whereas the centripetalist view deemphasizes self‐rule as a vehicle of interethnic competition, consociationalism holds that it is the interplay of accommodative institutions, with segmental autonomy among them, that promotes intrastate peace. We test these ri…
What’s Law Got to Do with It? How the Degree of Legalization Affects the Durability of Post-Conflict Autonomy Agreements
Research has identified several factors that impact the sustainability of post-conflict territorial autonomy arrangements (TAA), including previous levels of violence, economic development in a given territory, or the strategic importance thereof. We argue that a hitherto neglected variable lies in the legal form of the autonomy agreement—that is, the degree to which it has been ‘legalized’ by the language and processes prescribed in the agreemen…
Grievances, Policies or Clientelism? The Different Logics behind Ethnic Voting in Democracies and Autocracies
In this article, we explore the reasons why some ethnic groups tend to vote along ethnic lines while others do not. We argue that existing explanations for ethnic voting can be grouped into three main approaches: policy-based, grievance-based, and clientelism. However, we contend that inconsistencies in previous empirical research come from a failure to account for the political context in which ethnic voting occurs. Specifically, we argue that e…
Repression and backlash protests
This study investigates how different targets of state-sanctioned arrests shape the likelihood of collective action. We hypothesize that leader arrests are especially likely to result in backlash protests. Leader arrests symbolize the suppression of social collectives, they create collective grievances, and constitute focal points for mobilization. Building on a global sample of arrests of cultural identity group members, we qualitatively traced …
A tale of two logics
Scholars have paid considerable attention to the attitudes of host societies towards immigration. However, relatively little is known about whether and under which conditions immigrants themselves support immigration more or less than those without a migration background. This study argues that immigrant attitudes towards immigration are motivated by two competing logics, solidarity and threat, with each logic being activated under different circ…
How party competition shapes ethnic parties’ positions on migration and immigration
What positions do ethnic parties adopt on issues related to migration and immigration? We argue that, first, the specific characteristics of the party system – that is, if there are further ethnic parties that compete for votes, in particular among the same ethnic group – matter for the policy profile of ethnic parties on immigration policy. Secondly, we expect that the ideological position of an ethnic party should matter for their immigration p…
The Magnitude of Triggering Events and the Nonlinear Dynamics of Ethnic and Religious Upheavals
Ethnic and religious conflicts often resemble the proverbial powder keg, characterized by sudden eruptions of conflictive mass behavior in the form of protests or riots. Typically, such escalation episodes are ignited by highly disruptive events: Point‐like triggers at a specific juncture of time and space that facilitate and precipitate collective action. Despite rich anecdotal evidence, triggering events as proximate causes of identity conflict…
Cultural memory and the minority effect in (un-)willingness to fight for the country
A growing literature examines why and under what conditions citizens are willing to fight for their country, yet it often overlooks societal heterogeneity. In multiethnic states, ethnic minorities may hold fundamentally different views about defending a majority-dominated nation-state. We argue that in divided societies, citizens’ willingness to fight is deeply shaped by cultural identity and historical narratives, which influence threat percepti…
How exposure to wartime violence shapes conflict resolution preferences
Wartime violence profoundly shapes attitudes and political behavior, yet its impact on preferences for specific conflict resolution strategies remains underexplored. Using survey data ( n = 1452) from Syrian refugees in a Turkish UNHCR camp, we analyze how the severity and type of violence experienced during the Syrian Civil War influence support for various conflict resolution options. Our findings support the “war-weariness” hypothesis: individ…
Patterns and Drivers of Repression against Crimean Tatars
This article introduces CriTaRep v1, a geo-coded event dataset documenting state repression against Crimean Tatars (2000–2024). Drawing on locally sourced materials in Crimean Tatar, Ukrainian, and Russian languages, CriTaRep records n = 709 repression events affecting more than 2,200 individual victims. We inductively identify 22 repression types across three categories: deprivation of liberty, legal and administrative repression, and physical r…
Can Power-Sharing Reforms Mitigate Subnational Autocratization in Autonomous Regions? Experimental Evidence from Gagauzia
Subnational autocratization presents a significant challenge to liberal democracy, particularly in autonomous minority regions. We explore whether power-sharing institutionalreforms (PSI) foster democratic attitudes among ethnic minorities in autocratizing autonomous regions. Consociational theory suggests PSI alleviate grievances and reduce polarization, thereby strengthening democracy, yet causal evidence remains scarce. Using a pre-registered …
Nationalist focal events and anti-minority violence–how soldier funerals spark ethnic riots in Turkey
What triggers anti-minority riots? We examine the role of soldier funerals as highly visible mourning rituals that amplify collective emotions and foster nationalist sentiment. Focusing on a most-likely setting, anti-Syrian riots in Turkey, we argue that soldier funerals motivate pro-group behaviour while simultaneously intensifying outgroup hostility, thereby increasing the likelihood of retributive violence against minority members. Combining f…
Lost autonomy triggers and the rise of secessionism
While secessionist movements have surged globally over the past century, the prevailing structuralist and institutionalist approaches inadequately capture the dynamics of secessionism. We argue that lost autonomy triggers, sudden transformative events symbolizing a loss of autonomy for ethnic minorities, can be profoundly disruptive, eliciting pro-secessionist backlashes. Despite their significance, the causal impact of such triggering events rem…
Political science (11 works) · Law (10 works) · Law (9 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (9 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Politics (6 works) · Ethnic group (5 works) · Political economy (5 works) · Computer Science (4 works) · Culture, Economy, and Development Studies (4 works)