Virginia A Clark
Biographic Data
| ID | 4228976 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Virginia A Clark |
| GIVEN NAMES | Virginia A |
| FAMILY NAME | Clark |
| SIGNATURE | CLARK V A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Los Angeles |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6935-2210 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 18 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 154 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 18 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1966 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Nonlatex Condom: Results from a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
CONTEXT : To reduce unintended pregnancy and HIV infection, it is critical to develop reliable male condoms that will attract consumers who reject conventional latex condoms. METHODS : In a prospective clinical trial conducted in 1998-2000, 830 monogamous couples were randomized in equal numbers to use either a nonlatex condom or a commercial natural latex condom for six months as their only method of birth control. Couples completed detailed rep…
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Nonlatex Condom: Results from a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Although polyurethane and latex condoms provide equivalent levels of contraceptive protection, the polyurethane condom's higher frequency of breakage and slippage suggests that this condom may confer less protection from sexually transmitted infections than does the latex condom
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Nonlatex Condom: Results from a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Effect of Habitual Smoking of Marijuana Alone and with Tobacco on Nonspecific Airways Hyperreactivity
Supported by NIDA Grant No. RO1-DA-03018. Notes †Supported by NIDA Grant No. RO1-DA-03018
Sensitivity and Specificity of Serum Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol by Radioimmunoassay in Identifying Habitual Daily Smokers of Marijuana
Social Psychological Aspects of Reporting Behavior: Lifetime Depressive Episode Reports
This study examines how social psychological states influence reports of lifetime depressive disorder. The results are based on five waves of interviews with a community sample (analytic N = 601) of adults. Approximately one participant in four gives responses to a lifetime screening question at follow-up that are inconsistent with reports made three to four years earlier; the predominant type of inconsistency is failure to report a previously re…
Physician and Patient Satisfaction as Factors Related to the Organization of Internal Medicine Group Practices
The present study compares patient satisfaction scores with job satisfaction scores of the physicians providing their care in 16 general internal medicine teaching hospital group practices. Practice sites with more satisfied patients were also more likely to have more satisfied housestaff and faculty physicians. Additionally, higher satisfaction scores for both physician groups and patients were consistently associated with a greater percentage o…
Protective foods recall as a tool for dietary assessment in the evaluation of public health programs for pregnant Hispanics
The Protective Foods Recall (PFR), a new tool that includes a dietary demerit scoring system, was developed for evaluating nutrition programs for pregnant women of Mexican descent with low incomes. The tool costs less to administer than the 24‐hr, dietary recall because it takes about half the time and does not require calculation of nutrient content. The kinds and amounts of protective foods (foods with high nutrient densities) that the client r…
Race, ethnicity, and depression: A confirmatory analysis
This study addresses two questions: (a) Are depressive-symptom scales equally indicative of depression in different racial/ethnic groups and (b) are there mean differences between the groups in the underlying depressive disorder assessed by these scales? The data consist of interviews obtained from a large community survey of depression in Los Angeles County. Four racial/ethnic groups were considered: Anglos, blacks, English-speaking Hispanics, a…
Parameter Estimation for Mover-Stayer Models: Analyzing Depression Over Time
Mover-stayer models provide an important tool for analyzing changes in attitudinal and psychological states over time. Two general methods are presented for estimating the parameters of the mover-stayer model that are asymptotically efficient and straightforward to calculate using available computer programs. These methods provide procedures for estimating parameters for various modifications of the first-order mover-stayer model. Data from a stu…
Telephone versus in-person surveys of community health status
Reports of physical morbidity are compared among a community sample of Los Angeles County adults (N = 546) randomly assigned to either in-person or telephone interviews. No statistically significant differences were found between the two interview methods for overall assessment of health status, illnesses reported for the previous four months, or reports of hospitalization. A significantly greater proportion of in-person respondents, however, rep…
Measuring Depression in the Community: A Comparison of Telephone and Personal Interviews
Interview method effects in response to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) are compared among a community sample (N = 546) of adults randomly assigned to either telephone or in-person interviews. The interviews were conducted in Los Angeles during 1980. No significant differences were observed between the two interview methods in nonresponse to symptom items, preference for specific response categories, reliability, mea…
Prevalence of Depression in Los Angeles County1
The occurrence of depression was determined during the summer of 1979 in a multi-ethnic probability sample of 1003 adults (66% participation) in Los Angeles County, as part of a community survey of the epidemiology of depression and help-seeking behavior. The primary measure of depression was the 20-item CES-D scale developed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies. The overall prevalence of depression based on a CES-D cutpoint definition of 16 o…
Smoking and depression: A community survey
Smoking status and symptoms of mental depression were determined as part of a community survey of adults in Los Angeles County. Nearly 42 per cent of the males and 31 per cent of the females wee current smokers. Smokers compared to nonsmokers reported significantly higher levels of depression as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies--Depression (CES-D) index (10.02 vs 8.76, p
Family Roles and Sex Differences in Depression
Although one of the most consistent findings in research on' depression is a higher prevalence among women, the origins of this sex difference remain unclear. This study examines the relationship of family and work roles to sex differences in depression. The data for the study consist of interviews from a large-scale community survey (N = 1,000) on the epidemiology of depression, conducted in Los Angeles County during 1979. Overall, the women wer…
Effect of a breakfast program on the nutrient intake of black children
The effect of a free breakfast program was evaluated by comparing the 24‐hr, dietary intake of 252 black children who attended one school offering a breakfast program with the intake of 303 black children at a nearby school where breakfast was not served. Although the mean intake of the children in both schools was close to, or greater than, the RDA for all the nutrients under study, approximately 48 percent of the children reported diets that pr…
Contraceptive methods: Selective factors in a study of dysplasia of the cervix
Contraceptive methods: selective factors in a study of dysplasia of the cervix. E Stern, V A Clark, and C F CoffeltCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.61.3.553 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Epidemiology of Vascular Lesions Affecting the Central Nervous System: The Occurrence of Strokes in a Sample Population Under Observation for Cardiovascular Disease
Epidemiology of Vascular Lesions Affecting the Central Nervous System: The Occurrence of Strokes in a Sample Population Under Observation for Cardiovascular Disease John M. ChapmanM.D.M.P.H.F.A.P.H.A., Leo G. ReederPh.D.F.A.P.H.A., E. Raymond BorunM.D., Virginia A. ClarkPh.D., and Anne H. Coulson CopyRightDr. Chapman is professor of epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of California School of Medicine, Los…
Family Roles and Sex Differences in Depression
Although one of the most consistent findings in research on' depression is a higher prevalence among women, the origins of this sex difference remain unclear. This study examines the relationship of family and work roles to sex differences in depression. The data for the study consist of interviews from a large-scale community survey (N = 1,000) on the epidemiology of depression, conducted in Los Angeles County during 1979. Overall, the women wer…
Measuring Depression in the Community: A Comparison of Telephone and Personal Interviews
Interview method effects in response to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) are compared among a community sample (N = 546) of adults randomly assigned to either telephone or in-person interviews. The interviews were conducted in Los Angeles during 1980. No significant differences were observed between the two interview methods in nonresponse to symptom items, preference for specific response categories, reliability, mea…
Race, ethnicity, and depression: A confirmatory analysis
This study addresses two questions: (a) Are depressive-symptom scales equally indicative of depression in different racial/ethnic groups and (b) are there mean differences between the groups in the underlying depressive disorder assessed by these scales? The data consist of interviews obtained from a large community survey of depression in Los Angeles County. Four racial/ethnic groups were considered: Anglos, blacks, English-speaking Hispanics, a…
Social Psychological Aspects of Reporting Behavior: Lifetime Depressive Episode Reports
This study examines how social psychological states influence reports of lifetime depressive disorder. The results are based on five waves of interviews with a community sample (analytic N = 601) of adults. Approximately one participant in four gives responses to a lifetime screening question at follow-up that are inconsistent with reports made three to four years earlier; the predominant type of inconsistency is failure to report a previously re…
Telephone versus in-person surveys of community health status
Reports of physical morbidity are compared among a community sample of Los Angeles County adults (N = 546) randomly assigned to either in-person or telephone interviews. No statistically significant differences were found between the two interview methods for overall assessment of health status, illnesses reported for the previous four months, or reports of hospitalization. A significantly greater proportion of in-person respondents, however, rep…
Parameter Estimation for Mover-Stayer Models: Analyzing Depression Over Time
Mover-stayer models provide an important tool for analyzing changes in attitudinal and psychological states over time. Two general methods are presented for estimating the parameters of the mover-stayer model that are asymptotically efficient and straightforward to calculate using available computer programs. These methods provide procedures for estimating parameters for various modifications of the first-order mover-stayer model. Data from a stu…
Smoking and depression: A community survey
Smoking status and symptoms of mental depression were determined as part of a community survey of adults in Los Angeles County. Nearly 42 per cent of the males and 31 per cent of the females wee current smokers. Smokers compared to nonsmokers reported significantly higher levels of depression as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies--Depression (CES-D) index (10.02 vs 8.76, p
Contraceptive methods: Selective factors in a study of dysplasia of the cervix
Contraceptive methods: selective factors in a study of dysplasia of the cervix. E Stern, V A Clark, and C F CoffeltCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.61.3.553 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Nonlatex Condom: Results from a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Although polyurethane and latex condoms provide equivalent levels of contraceptive protection, the polyurethane condom's higher frequency of breakage and slippage suggests that this condom may confer less protection from sexually transmitted infections than does the latex condom
Epidemiology of Vascular Lesions Affecting the Central Nervous System: The Occurrence of Strokes in a Sample Population Under Observation for Cardiovascular Disease
Epidemiology of Vascular Lesions Affecting the Central Nervous System: The Occurrence of Strokes in a Sample Population Under Observation for Cardiovascular Disease John M. ChapmanM.D.M.P.H.F.A.P.H.A., Leo G. ReederPh.D.F.A.P.H.A., E. Raymond BorunM.D., Virginia A. ClarkPh.D., and Anne H. Coulson CopyRightDr. Chapman is professor of epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of California School of Medicine, Los…
Contraceptive methods: Selective factors in a study of dysplasia of the cervix
Contraceptive methods: selective factors in a study of dysplasia of the cervix. E Stern, V A Clark, and C F CoffeltCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.61.3.553 Published Online: August 29, 2011
Effect of a breakfast program on the nutrient intake of black children
The effect of a free breakfast program was evaluated by comparing the 24‐hr, dietary intake of 252 black children who attended one school offering a breakfast program with the intake of 303 black children at a nearby school where breakfast was not served. Although the mean intake of the children in both schools was close to, or greater than, the RDA for all the nutrients under study, approximately 48 percent of the children reported diets that pr…
Prevalence of Depression in Los Angeles County1
The occurrence of depression was determined during the summer of 1979 in a multi-ethnic probability sample of 1003 adults (66% participation) in Los Angeles County, as part of a community survey of the epidemiology of depression and help-seeking behavior. The primary measure of depression was the 20-item CES-D scale developed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies. The overall prevalence of depression based on a CES-D cutpoint definition of 16 o…
Smoking and depression: A community survey
Smoking status and symptoms of mental depression were determined as part of a community survey of adults in Los Angeles County. Nearly 42 per cent of the males and 31 per cent of the females wee current smokers. Smokers compared to nonsmokers reported significantly higher levels of depression as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies--Depression (CES-D) index (10.02 vs 8.76, p
Family Roles and Sex Differences in Depression
Although one of the most consistent findings in research on' depression is a higher prevalence among women, the origins of this sex difference remain unclear. This study examines the relationship of family and work roles to sex differences in depression. The data for the study consist of interviews from a large-scale community survey (N = 1,000) on the epidemiology of depression, conducted in Los Angeles County during 1979. Overall, the women wer…
Telephone versus in-person surveys of community health status
Reports of physical morbidity are compared among a community sample of Los Angeles County adults (N = 546) randomly assigned to either in-person or telephone interviews. No statistically significant differences were found between the two interview methods for overall assessment of health status, illnesses reported for the previous four months, or reports of hospitalization. A significantly greater proportion of in-person respondents, however, rep…
Measuring Depression in the Community: A Comparison of Telephone and Personal Interviews
Interview method effects in response to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) are compared among a community sample (N = 546) of adults randomly assigned to either telephone or in-person interviews. The interviews were conducted in Los Angeles during 1980. No significant differences were observed between the two interview methods in nonresponse to symptom items, preference for specific response categories, reliability, mea…
Protective foods recall as a tool for dietary assessment in the evaluation of public health programs for pregnant Hispanics
The Protective Foods Recall (PFR), a new tool that includes a dietary demerit scoring system, was developed for evaluating nutrition programs for pregnant women of Mexican descent with low incomes. The tool costs less to administer than the 24‐hr, dietary recall because it takes about half the time and does not require calculation of nutrient content. The kinds and amounts of protective foods (foods with high nutrient densities) that the client r…
Race, ethnicity, and depression: A confirmatory analysis
This study addresses two questions: (a) Are depressive-symptom scales equally indicative of depression in different racial/ethnic groups and (b) are there mean differences between the groups in the underlying depressive disorder assessed by these scales? The data consist of interviews obtained from a large community survey of depression in Los Angeles County. Four racial/ethnic groups were considered: Anglos, blacks, English-speaking Hispanics, a…
Parameter Estimation for Mover-Stayer Models: Analyzing Depression Over Time
Mover-stayer models provide an important tool for analyzing changes in attitudinal and psychological states over time. Two general methods are presented for estimating the parameters of the mover-stayer model that are asymptotically efficient and straightforward to calculate using available computer programs. These methods provide procedures for estimating parameters for various modifications of the first-order mover-stayer model. Data from a stu…
Physician and Patient Satisfaction as Factors Related to the Organization of Internal Medicine Group Practices
The present study compares patient satisfaction scores with job satisfaction scores of the physicians providing their care in 16 general internal medicine teaching hospital group practices. Practice sites with more satisfied patients were also more likely to have more satisfied housestaff and faculty physicians. Additionally, higher satisfaction scores for both physician groups and patients were consistently associated with a greater percentage o…
Social Psychological Aspects of Reporting Behavior: Lifetime Depressive Episode Reports
This study examines how social psychological states influence reports of lifetime depressive disorder. The results are based on five waves of interviews with a community sample (analytic N = 601) of adults. Approximately one participant in four gives responses to a lifetime screening question at follow-up that are inconsistent with reports made three to four years earlier; the predominant type of inconsistency is failure to report a previously re…
Effect of Habitual Smoking of Marijuana Alone and with Tobacco on Nonspecific Airways Hyperreactivity
Supported by NIDA Grant No. RO1-DA-03018. Notes †Supported by NIDA Grant No. RO1-DA-03018
Sensitivity and Specificity of Serum Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol by Radioimmunoassay in Identifying Habitual Daily Smokers of Marijuana
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Nonlatex Condom: Results from a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
CONTEXT : To reduce unintended pregnancy and HIV infection, it is critical to develop reliable male condoms that will attract consumers who reject conventional latex condoms. METHODS : In a prospective clinical trial conducted in 1998-2000, 830 monogamous couples were randomized in equal numbers to use either a nonlatex condom or a commercial natural latex condom for six months as their only method of birth control. Couples completed detailed rep…
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Nonlatex Condom: Results from a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Although polyurethane and latex condoms provide equivalent levels of contraceptive protection, the polyurethane condom's higher frequency of breakage and slippage suggests that this condom may confer less protection from sexually transmitted infections than does the latex condom
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Nonlatex Condom: Results from a Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Medicine (15 works) · Environmental health (8 works) · Demography (6 works) · Family medicine (6 works) · Psychology (6 works) · Gerontology (5 works) · Internal Medicine (5 works) · Public health (5 works) · Gerontology (4 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (4 works)