Lile Jia
Biographic Data
| ID | 4230450 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Lile Jia |
| GIVEN NAMES | Lile |
| FAMILY NAME | Jia |
| SIGNATURE | JIA L |
| AFFILIATIONS | National University of Singapore |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9593-883X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 58 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 24 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Feeling Well, Functioning Well
Although self-control is commonly believed to contribute to greater well-being, current evidence is inconclusive due to methodological and statistical issues. Indeed, there are both theoretical and empirical grounds to expect the opposite causal relation: wellbeing could precede self-control. We aimed to clarify this debate with two three-wave longitudinal studies, one on an Asian and the other on an American sample. We applied the random interce…
A Multi-Goal, Multi-Action, Cognitive-Affective Model for Understanding Gatekeepers’ Intention to Report Deviant Close-Others
Reporting a close-other to authorities can save lives from extreme deviant behaviors but it also poses a dilemma as gatekeepers struggle between their relationship and societal obligations. We propose and test a multi-goal, multi-action, cognitive-affective model to elucidate this decision-making process. Across various contexts (hate crimes, problem gambling, and violent extremism), gatekeepers’ motivational strength to report and not report the…
Revisiting Ego Depletion
The ego depletion effect posits that initial exertion of self-control impairs subsequent self-regulatory performance. Despite being examined in over 1000 independent studies and cited extensively, recent large-scale studies have questioned its validity. We propose that the replicability of ego depletion may hinge on the intensity of the manipulation. Our new paradigm, involving a demanding antisaccade task lasting for 30–40 min followed by a Go-N…
Reaching across the aisle
Increasing voters' cooperative tendencies following an election loss is paramount for modern democracies, especially those becoming increasingly polarized. In the context of the 2020 United States presidential election, we investigated the effect of national attachment on Americans' cooperative tendencies following an electoral loss. In a preregistered study, Americans' national attachment along three dimensions ( commitment , deference , superio…
Emotional Mechanisms of Behavior Change
Traditional models of behavior change emphasize knowledge, beliefs, and injunctive norms as targets of intervention. Emotion—a potent force guiding human behavior—is strikingly absent from most models and most behavioral interventions. This article reviews evidence that emotion is not only consequential for common targets of behavioral intervention, but can be activated strategically to facilitate behavior change. This article presents a new fram…
Validity issues in measures of Covid-19 preventive behaviours
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become the most severe crisis in recent history. The virus spreads primarily through droplets people send out when they talk, sneeze, or cough. Therefore, preventive behaviours such as mask-wearing, social distancing, and movement restraint are integral to public health campaigns against the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, scientists have [...]
Pitfalls of self‐reported measures of self‐control
OBJECTIVE: We took a rare opportunity to examine whether extreme debtors have inflated assessment of their self-control capacity, potentially rendering self-reported measures ineffective as prediction tools for debt risks. METHOD: The self-control profiles of extreme debtors (n = 1442), whose credit card debt amounted to more than 12 months of their income, were compared with samples of the general population (n = 505) and students from an elite …
Conditional Love
Although threat perceptions are commonly used to explain attitudes toward immigrants, the psychological factors underlying threat are surprisingly understudied. Drawing from goal pursuit and self-determination theory, we examined the perceived instrumentality of immigrants as an antecedent of locals’ threat and attitudinal perceptions. Through four studies ( N = 1,372) with different configurations of local population segments and target immigran…
A Multilab Replication of the Ego Depletion Effect
There is an active debate regarding whether the ego depletion effect is real. A recent preregistered experiment with the Stroop task as the depleting task and the antisaccade task as the outcome task found a medium-level effect size. In the current research, we conducted a preregistered multilab replication of that experiment. Data from 12 labs across the globe ( N = 1,775) revealed a small and significant ego depletion effect, d = 0.10. After ex…
Gratitude inhibits competitive behaviour in threatening interactions
It is well established that gratitude favours prosocial tendencies in neutral and amicable social interactions. Less is clear, however, about the role of gratitude in threatening situations that breed competitive impulses. As gratitude inhibits self-centred impulses and motivates a communal orientation, we predict and demonstrate that gratitude reduces competitive behaviour in threatening interactions. In Study 1 (N = 171), after emotion inductio…
How to Have Your Cake and Eat It Too
Past research on academic success emphasizes the need to avoid pleasurable nonacademic activities. In the context of enjoying big-time collegiate sports, we examined the notion that students, especially academically successful ones, may strategically indulge in sports games to resolve the conflict with academic pursuit. After confirming that high- (vs. low-) grade point average (GPA) students indeed found game-related activities less disruptive (…
Protecting an important goal
Asymmetric goal contagion
Goal contagion is an important interpersonal process. As people spontaneously infer and adopt others' goals, goals can be said to “flow” among individuals. We find that possessing power attenuates goal contagion, especially for high perspective takers. In a pilot study ( N = 157), we first affirmed the interpersonal nature of goal contagion by establishing that high (vs. low) perspective takers were more likely to engage in goal contagion. We the…
Positive emotion, appraisal, and the role of appraisal overlap in positive emotion co-occurrence
Appraisal research has traditionally focused on negative emotions but has not addressed issues concerning the relationships between several positive emotions and appraisals in daily life and the extent to which co-occurrence of positive emotions can be explained by overlap in appraisals. Driven by a priori hypotheses on appraisal-emotion relationships, this study investigated 12 positive emotions and 13 appraisal dimensions using Ecological Momen…
Authentic and hubristic pride
Research demonstrates that there are 2 distinct facets of pride: the prosocial, achievement-oriented form of pride known as authentic pride, and the self-aggrandizing, egotistical form of pride known as hubristic pride. This research examined whether authentic pride and hubristic pride have divergent effects on delay of gratification. Support was found for the prediction that authentic pride would facilitate the ability to delay gratification, wh…
Depletion suspends the comparator mechanism in monitoring
In 4 studies, we accumulated support for the prediction that depletion suspends the comparator mechanism of self-regulatory monitoring. We adopted an individual difference approach and designated chronic self-consciousness as a signature variable for the comparator mechanism. In the nondepletion condition, we found that self-consciousness predicted self-regulation by itself (Study 1), or by interacting synergistically with other motivational fact…
Gratitude facilitates behavioral mimicry
Recent theorists argue that gratitude, besides encouraging social exchange, serves an important function of relationship building. However, there is a lack of research exploring the specific behaviors through which gratitude promotes relationship building. Given that behavioral mimicry serves important affiliative needs, we explored whether gratitude promotes behavioral mimicry. We found that participants who received intentional help later mimic…
Psychological “gel” to bind individuals’ goal pursuit
Past research demonstrates that gratitude affects individuals' self-regulation of behavior primarily through engendering a prosocial tendency. Based on theories proposing that gratitude plays an unique role in fostering communal relationship (e.g., Algoe, 2012), we propose that gratitude can have an incidental effect in facilitating goal contagion: automatically inferring and adopting the goal implied by a social other's behavior. This hypothesis…
Distance makes the metaphor grow stronger
Discrepancies between implicit and explicit attitude measures as an indicator of attitude strength
The current research investigates whether implicit–explicit attitudinal discrepancy (IED) weakens attitudes as explicit discrepancies do. Across two experiments, we found that IED is an indicator of weak attitudes. In Experiment 1, we found that individuals with greater IED toward exercise were more swayed by a self‐perceptual manipulation than individuals with lower IED toward exercise. In Experiment 2, we found that the stability and predictive…
The Impact of Illusory Fatigue on Executive Control
The human mind is quite adept at modifying and regulating thoughts, judgments, and behaviors. Recent research has demonstrated that depletion of self-regulatory resources can impair executive function through restriction of working memory capacity. The current work explored whether the mere perception of resource depletion (i.e., illusory fatigue) is sufficient to directly produce these deficits in executive control. To manipulate illusory fatigu…
When perception is more than reality
Considerable research demonstrates that the depletion of self-regulatory resources impairs performance on subsequent tasks that demand these resources. The current research sought to assess the impact of perceived resource depletion on subsequent task performance at both high and low levels of actual depletion. The authors manipulated perceived resource depletion by having participants 1st complete a depleting or nondepleting task before being pr…
Lessons from a Faraway land
Asymmetrical attention allocation to dissimilar and similar attitudes
When perception is more than reality
Considerable research demonstrates that the depletion of self-regulatory resources impairs performance on subsequent tasks that demand these resources. The current research sought to assess the impact of perceived resource depletion on subsequent task performance at both high and low levels of actual depletion. The authors manipulated perceived resource depletion by having participants 1st complete a depleting or nondepleting task before being pr…
Lessons from a Faraway land
Distance makes the metaphor grow stronger
Discrepancies between implicit and explicit attitude measures as an indicator of attitude strength
The current research investigates whether implicit–explicit attitudinal discrepancy (IED) weakens attitudes as explicit discrepancies do. Across two experiments, we found that IED is an indicator of weak attitudes. In Experiment 1, we found that individuals with greater IED toward exercise were more swayed by a self‐perceptual manipulation than individuals with lower IED toward exercise. In Experiment 2, we found that the stability and predictive…
Asymmetrical attention allocation to dissimilar and similar attitudes
Protecting an important goal
Depletion suspends the comparator mechanism in monitoring
In 4 studies, we accumulated support for the prediction that depletion suspends the comparator mechanism of self-regulatory monitoring. We adopted an individual difference approach and designated chronic self-consciousness as a signature variable for the comparator mechanism. In the nondepletion condition, we found that self-consciousness predicted self-regulation by itself (Study 1), or by interacting synergistically with other motivational fact…
Asymmetric goal contagion
Goal contagion is an important interpersonal process. As people spontaneously infer and adopt others' goals, goals can be said to “flow” among individuals. We find that possessing power attenuates goal contagion, especially for high perspective takers. In a pilot study ( N = 157), we first affirmed the interpersonal nature of goal contagion by establishing that high (vs. low) perspective takers were more likely to engage in goal contagion. We the…
Lessons from a Faraway land
Asymmetrical attention allocation to dissimilar and similar attitudes
When perception is more than reality
Considerable research demonstrates that the depletion of self-regulatory resources impairs performance on subsequent tasks that demand these resources. The current research sought to assess the impact of perceived resource depletion on subsequent task performance at both high and low levels of actual depletion. The authors manipulated perceived resource depletion by having participants 1st complete a depleting or nondepleting task before being pr…
The Impact of Illusory Fatigue on Executive Control
The human mind is quite adept at modifying and regulating thoughts, judgments, and behaviors. Recent research has demonstrated that depletion of self-regulatory resources can impair executive function through restriction of working memory capacity. The current work explored whether the mere perception of resource depletion (i.e., illusory fatigue) is sufficient to directly produce these deficits in executive control. To manipulate illusory fatigu…
Discrepancies between implicit and explicit attitude measures as an indicator of attitude strength
The current research investigates whether implicit–explicit attitudinal discrepancy (IED) weakens attitudes as explicit discrepancies do. Across two experiments, we found that IED is an indicator of weak attitudes. In Experiment 1, we found that individuals with greater IED toward exercise were more swayed by a self‐perceptual manipulation than individuals with lower IED toward exercise. In Experiment 2, we found that the stability and predictive…
Distance makes the metaphor grow stronger
Gratitude facilitates behavioral mimicry
Recent theorists argue that gratitude, besides encouraging social exchange, serves an important function of relationship building. However, there is a lack of research exploring the specific behaviors through which gratitude promotes relationship building. Given that behavioral mimicry serves important affiliative needs, we explored whether gratitude promotes behavioral mimicry. We found that participants who received intentional help later mimic…
Psychological “gel” to bind individuals’ goal pursuit
Past research demonstrates that gratitude affects individuals' self-regulation of behavior primarily through engendering a prosocial tendency. Based on theories proposing that gratitude plays an unique role in fostering communal relationship (e.g., Algoe, 2012), we propose that gratitude can have an incidental effect in facilitating goal contagion: automatically inferring and adopting the goal implied by a social other's behavior. This hypothesis…
Positive emotion, appraisal, and the role of appraisal overlap in positive emotion co-occurrence
Appraisal research has traditionally focused on negative emotions but has not addressed issues concerning the relationships between several positive emotions and appraisals in daily life and the extent to which co-occurrence of positive emotions can be explained by overlap in appraisals. Driven by a priori hypotheses on appraisal-emotion relationships, this study investigated 12 positive emotions and 13 appraisal dimensions using Ecological Momen…
Authentic and hubristic pride
Research demonstrates that there are 2 distinct facets of pride: the prosocial, achievement-oriented form of pride known as authentic pride, and the self-aggrandizing, egotistical form of pride known as hubristic pride. This research examined whether authentic pride and hubristic pride have divergent effects on delay of gratification. Support was found for the prediction that authentic pride would facilitate the ability to delay gratification, wh…
Depletion suspends the comparator mechanism in monitoring
In 4 studies, we accumulated support for the prediction that depletion suspends the comparator mechanism of self-regulatory monitoring. We adopted an individual difference approach and designated chronic self-consciousness as a signature variable for the comparator mechanism. In the nondepletion condition, we found that self-consciousness predicted self-regulation by itself (Study 1), or by interacting synergistically with other motivational fact…
Asymmetric goal contagion
Goal contagion is an important interpersonal process. As people spontaneously infer and adopt others' goals, goals can be said to “flow” among individuals. We find that possessing power attenuates goal contagion, especially for high perspective takers. In a pilot study ( N = 157), we first affirmed the interpersonal nature of goal contagion by establishing that high (vs. low) perspective takers were more likely to engage in goal contagion. We the…
How to Have Your Cake and Eat It Too
Past research on academic success emphasizes the need to avoid pleasurable nonacademic activities. In the context of enjoying big-time collegiate sports, we examined the notion that students, especially academically successful ones, may strategically indulge in sports games to resolve the conflict with academic pursuit. After confirming that high- (vs. low-) grade point average (GPA) students indeed found game-related activities less disruptive (…
Protecting an important goal
Gratitude inhibits competitive behaviour in threatening interactions
It is well established that gratitude favours prosocial tendencies in neutral and amicable social interactions. Less is clear, however, about the role of gratitude in threatening situations that breed competitive impulses. As gratitude inhibits self-centred impulses and motivates a communal orientation, we predict and demonstrate that gratitude reduces competitive behaviour in threatening interactions. In Study 1 (N = 171), after emotion inductio…
Conditional Love
Although threat perceptions are commonly used to explain attitudes toward immigrants, the psychological factors underlying threat are surprisingly understudied. Drawing from goal pursuit and self-determination theory, we examined the perceived instrumentality of immigrants as an antecedent of locals’ threat and attitudinal perceptions. Through four studies ( N = 1,372) with different configurations of local population segments and target immigran…
A Multilab Replication of the Ego Depletion Effect
There is an active debate regarding whether the ego depletion effect is real. A recent preregistered experiment with the Stroop task as the depleting task and the antisaccade task as the outcome task found a medium-level effect size. In the current research, we conducted a preregistered multilab replication of that experiment. Data from 12 labs across the globe ( N = 1,775) revealed a small and significant ego depletion effect, d = 0.10. After ex…
Emotional Mechanisms of Behavior Change
Traditional models of behavior change emphasize knowledge, beliefs, and injunctive norms as targets of intervention. Emotion—a potent force guiding human behavior—is strikingly absent from most models and most behavioral interventions. This article reviews evidence that emotion is not only consequential for common targets of behavioral intervention, but can be activated strategically to facilitate behavior change. This article presents a new fram…
Validity issues in measures of Covid-19 preventive behaviours
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become the most severe crisis in recent history. The virus spreads primarily through droplets people send out when they talk, sneeze, or cough. Therefore, preventive behaviours such as mask-wearing, social distancing, and movement restraint are integral to public health campaigns against the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, scientists have [...]
Pitfalls of self‐reported measures of self‐control
OBJECTIVE: We took a rare opportunity to examine whether extreme debtors have inflated assessment of their self-control capacity, potentially rendering self-reported measures ineffective as prediction tools for debt risks. METHOD: The self-control profiles of extreme debtors (n = 1442), whose credit card debt amounted to more than 12 months of their income, were compared with samples of the general population (n = 505) and students from an elite …
A Multi-Goal, Multi-Action, Cognitive-Affective Model for Understanding Gatekeepers’ Intention to Report Deviant Close-Others
Reporting a close-other to authorities can save lives from extreme deviant behaviors but it also poses a dilemma as gatekeepers struggle between their relationship and societal obligations. We propose and test a multi-goal, multi-action, cognitive-affective model to elucidate this decision-making process. Across various contexts (hate crimes, problem gambling, and violent extremism), gatekeepers’ motivational strength to report and not report the…
Revisiting Ego Depletion
The ego depletion effect posits that initial exertion of self-control impairs subsequent self-regulatory performance. Despite being examined in over 1000 independent studies and cited extensively, recent large-scale studies have questioned its validity. We propose that the replicability of ego depletion may hinge on the intensity of the manipulation. Our new paradigm, involving a demanding antisaccade task lasting for 30–40 min followed by a Go-N…
Reaching across the aisle
Increasing voters' cooperative tendencies following an election loss is paramount for modern democracies, especially those becoming increasingly polarized. In the context of the 2020 United States presidential election, we investigated the effect of national attachment on Americans' cooperative tendencies following an electoral loss. In a preregistered study, Americans' national attachment along three dimensions ( commitment , deference , superio…
Feeling Well, Functioning Well
Although self-control is commonly believed to contribute to greater well-being, current evidence is inconclusive due to methodological and statistical issues. Indeed, there are both theoretical and empirical grounds to expect the opposite causal relation: wellbeing could precede self-control. We aimed to clarify this debate with two three-wave longitudinal studies, one on an Asian and the other on an American sample. We applied the random interce…
Psychology (21 works) · Social Psychology (19 works) · Behavioral Health and Interventions (15 works) · Cognitive psychology (10 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (9 works) · Developmental psychology (9 works) · Social Psychology (9 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (8 works) · Cognition (7 works) · Ego Depletion (6 works)