Thomas Shelley Duval
Biographic Data
| ID | 4232282 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Thomas Shelley Duval |
| GIVEN NAMES | Thomas Shelley |
| FAMILY NAME | Duval |
| SIGNATURE | DUVAL T S |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Southern California |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 7 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 22 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 7 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2011 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Self-Awareness & Causal Attribution
Preface. 1. Introduction & Overview. 2. Self & Self-Focused Attention. 3. Standards of Correctness. 4. Dynamics of the Comparison System. 5. Causal Attribution. 6. Intersecting the Comparison & Attribution Systems. 7. Evaluation & Behavior. 8. Dispositional Self-Awareness. 9. Effects of Self-Awareness on Affect. 10. Effects of Affect on Self-Awareness. 11. Evaluating Other Theories. References. Author Index. Subject Index
When the Self Stands Out
When do people focus attention on the self? Based on Gestalt notions of figure - ground assignment, two experiments demonstrated that making self figural against a background induces self-focused attention. In Experiment 1, perceiving figural self-symbols increased self-awareness relative to perceiving background self-symbols. In Experiment 2, making self figural against the background of a six-person decision-making group increased self-awarenes…
Self-awareness, probability of improvement, and the self-serving bias
Evidence for the self-serving bias (attributing success internally and failure externally) is inconsistent. Although internal success attributions are consistently found, researchers find both internal and external attributions for failure. The authors explain these disparate effects by considering the intersection of 2 systems, a system comparing self against standards and a causal attribution system. It was predicted that success and failure at…
Objective Self-Awareness Theory
Objective self-awareness theory has undergone fundamental changes in the 3 decades since Duval and Wicklund's (1972) original formulation. We review new evidence that bears on the basic tenets of the theory. Many of the assumptions of self-awareness theory require revision, particularly how expectancies influence approach and avoidance of self-standard discrepancies; the nature of standards, especially when they are changed; and the role of causa…
Predicting the Interpersonal Targets of Self-Serving Attributions
Negative Affect and Unsafe Sex in HIV-Positive Men
Effects of self-focus, discrepancy between self and standard, and outcome expectancy favorability on the tendency to match self to standard or to withdraw
Objective self-awareness theory (Duval & Wicklund, 1972) assumes that the intensity of attempts to match self to standard or to withdraw is a function of degree of self-standard discrepancy. Self-regulation theory (Carver & Scheier, 1981) assumes that the decision to match or withdraw is determined by outcome expectancy favorability. Combining these assumptions, it was predicted that increasing self-standard discrepancy would increase efforts to …
Self-awareness, probability of improvement, and the self-serving bias
Evidence for the self-serving bias (attributing success internally and failure externally) is inconsistent. Although internal success attributions are consistently found, researchers find both internal and external attributions for failure. The authors explain these disparate effects by considering the intersection of 2 systems, a system comparing self against standards and a causal attribution system. It was predicted that success and failure at…
Effects of self-focus, discrepancy between self and standard, and outcome expectancy favorability on the tendency to match self to standard or to withdraw
Objective self-awareness theory (Duval & Wicklund, 1972) assumes that the intensity of attempts to match self to standard or to withdraw is a function of degree of self-standard discrepancy. Self-regulation theory (Carver & Scheier, 1981) assumes that the decision to match or withdraw is determined by outcome expectancy favorability. Combining these assumptions, it was predicted that increasing self-standard discrepancy would increase efforts to …
Predicting the Interpersonal Targets of Self-Serving Attributions
Effects of self-focus, discrepancy between self and standard, and outcome expectancy favorability on the tendency to match self to standard or to withdraw
Objective self-awareness theory (Duval & Wicklund, 1972) assumes that the intensity of attempts to match self to standard or to withdraw is a function of degree of self-standard discrepancy. Self-regulation theory (Carver & Scheier, 1981) assumes that the decision to match or withdraw is determined by outcome expectancy favorability. Combining these assumptions, it was predicted that increasing self-standard discrepancy would increase efforts to …
Negative Affect and Unsafe Sex in HIV-Positive Men
Objective Self-Awareness Theory
Objective self-awareness theory has undergone fundamental changes in the 3 decades since Duval and Wicklund's (1972) original formulation. We review new evidence that bears on the basic tenets of the theory. Many of the assumptions of self-awareness theory require revision, particularly how expectancies influence approach and avoidance of self-standard discrepancies; the nature of standards, especially when they are changed; and the role of causa…
Predicting the Interpersonal Targets of Self-Serving Attributions
Self-awareness, probability of improvement, and the self-serving bias
Evidence for the self-serving bias (attributing success internally and failure externally) is inconsistent. Although internal success attributions are consistently found, researchers find both internal and external attributions for failure. The authors explain these disparate effects by considering the intersection of 2 systems, a system comparing self against standards and a causal attribution system. It was predicted that success and failure at…
When the Self Stands Out
When do people focus attention on the self? Based on Gestalt notions of figure - ground assignment, two experiments demonstrated that making self figural against a background induces self-focused attention. In Experiment 1, perceiving figural self-symbols increased self-awareness relative to perceiving background self-symbols. In Experiment 2, making self figural against the background of a six-person decision-making group increased self-awarenes…
Self-Awareness & Causal Attribution
Preface. 1. Introduction & Overview. 2. Self & Self-Focused Attention. 3. Standards of Correctness. 4. Dynamics of the Comparison System. 5. Causal Attribution. 6. Intersecting the Comparison & Attribution Systems. 7. Evaluation & Behavior. 8. Dispositional Self-Awareness. 9. Effects of Self-Awareness on Affect. 10. Effects of Affect on Self-Awareness. 11. Evaluating Other Theories. References. Author Index. Subject Index
Psychology (7 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Behavioral Health and Interventions (5 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (5 works) · Attribution (4 works) · Social Psychology (4 works) · Interpersonal communication (3 works) · Self (3 works) · Applied Psychology (2 works) · Cognitive psychology (2 works)