James W Selby
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4236339 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | James W Selby |
| NOMBRES | James W |
| APELLIDO | Selby |
| FIRMA | SELBY J W |
| AFILIACIONES | University of North Carolina at Charlotte |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 22 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 80 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1976 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1989 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
A Collation of Funeral Directors' Impressions of Suicidal Deaths
The present study was focused on whether or not suicidal deaths produce reactions in the surviving family that are different from those caused by other types of death. Structured interviews were conducted with twenty-five funeral directors. Their observations were obtained on the severity of the family's reaction and on the social responses of others to the bereaved family. The response of the funeral directors indicated that suicide produces dif…
Suicidal Death of a Spouse
The present study investigated the reactions of others to the surviving spouse of an individual who commits suicide. A group of 120 adult citizens responded to a typeset obituary notice that described the cause of death as either suicide, motor vehicle accident, or leukemia. Results indicated that the surviving spouse of a suicide was perceived differently in several ways. Compared to those spouses of accident and leukemia victims, the spouse of …
The rules of bereavement
The present article describes two studies designed to identify some of the rules that may govern interactions with bereaved persons and whether those rules are different for suicidal deaths, as compared with death by accident or natural causes. In the first study, with university students, 28 rules were identified. The pattern of results suggests that the rules for suicide are more constraining; that is, judgments about the existence of social ru…
The Segmentation and Integration of the Chinese in Brisbane, Australia
The history of the Chinese in Australia is traced, beginning with the gold rush of the mid-nineteenth century when there were nearly 10,000 at one point, almost all of them being male. Numbers of Chinese in Australia declined under the White Australia policy until there were fewer than 8,500 full-Chinese enumerated in the 1947 census, roughly half of them being Australian born, but only one quarter of them being female. Well more than half of all…
The aftermath of childhood suicide
The present study investigated the responses of 148 adult citizens of a city in the southeastern United States to specially prepared newspaper accounts of a child's death. Results indicated that when the child's death was suicidal parents were viewed in a more negative way than when the child's death was a result of illness. In addition, the presence of environmental pressures which reduced potentially negative perceptions of parents when the chi…
The influence of pregnancy on sexuality
The current paper reviews and evaluates available research on the influence of pregnancy on sexuality. Patterns of findings consistent across most studies include a decline in sexual interest and in sexual behavior of women during the third trimester of their pregnancy. Changes in sexuality during earlier stages of pregnancy are less clearly established. The limited number of investigations used different methodologies, each with significant shor…
Rape
Families of Incest
The present paper provides a collation of the impressions of clinical workers regarding families in which father-daughter incest has incurred. Responses of the workers indicate that the incestuous relationship is typically not limited to one or two sexual encounters, but the relationship can become a stable part of family life. The sexual interactions appear to parallel sexual practices in non-incestuous relationships. Daughters involved in inces…
Reactions to the rape victim as a function of victim age
The present study investigated the effects of the age of a victim on social reactions to a rape incident. The findings indicated limited but reliable effects of age on the way respondents reacted to the rape episode. There was a greater tendency for the characteristics and the behavior of the victim to be viewed as factors in causing the rape when the victim was in the middle age ranges than when she was in the extreme age range (six-years-old or…
Mass suicide
This was a study of laypersons' views of the mass suicides which occurred in Guyana in November of 1978. Of 157 individuals randomly contacted by telephone, 105 agreed to answer questions and were aware of the suicides. 73% of the respondents thought that the suicides were the result of the individuals' personality or character. 93% indicated that the suicides occurred because victims were under the control of their cult leader. 78% thought that …
Reactions to the family of the suicide
The present study investigated reactions to the survivors of a family member's suicide. One hundred and twenty seven adults, members of a large urban Protestant church, responded to a newspaper account of a suicide in which the following factors were systematically varied: sex of the suicide, causal locus of the suicide, and whether the cause was prior or immediate to the suicide. The design was a 2 (sex of respondent) x 2 (sex of suicide) x 2 (l…
Effect of perceived motivation on the assignment of blame and punishment to rapists by female respondents
This study examined the assignment of blame in rape episodes by female observers. When the rapist's behavior was described as caused by intrapsychic, as compared with organic factors, greater blame was assigned to the rapist. A greater degree of causal attribution to factors external to the rapist occurred with organic, as compared with intrapsychic, causation. Ratings of the severity of punishment deserved by the rapist differed significantly as…
Attributing Responsibility to the Victim of Rape
Information regarding a rape victim's past sexual behaviors was presented to college students in specially constructed newspaper stories describing testimony at the trial. In two conditions the sexual experience information was explicit, indicating an active or an inactive past. In three other conditions no explicit information was presented, but the reason was varied: The victim refused to testify, the judge refused to allow testimony, or no men…
Psychosomatic phenomena
We formulate a 1D partly dissipative moving-boundary reaction-diffusion system that describes the penetration of a reaction front into a concrete wall. We state the well-posedness of the model and the existence of non-trivial upper and lower bounds for the concentrations, speed of the interface, and shut-down time of the process. A numerical example illustrates the typical behavior of concentrations and interface penetration in a real-world appli…
Psychosomatic phenomena
Attitudes toward seeking pastoral help in the event of the death of a close friend or relative
This study examined correlates of seeking help from clergymen in the event of the death of a close friend or relative. Demographic factors and attitudes toward seeking pastoral help in the event of the death of a close friend or relative were examined in 116 subjects. Half the subjects were undergraduates and half were from local congregations. Age, sex, socioeconomic status, religious affiliation, marital status, and intensity of religious belie…
Perceptions of the rape incident
The present study investigated attitudes toward rape in a group of physicians and a group of volunteer rape-crisis counselors. A series of 25 statements derived from the literature on rape was administered to a group of physicians and to a group of rapecrisis counselors. The 25 statements were factor analyzed based on responses from an independent sample. Two main factors emerged: one represented perceived causality of the rape incident and the o…
Situational Correlates of Death Anxiety
A pattern of correlations was found between self-reported death anxiety and the respondents' reactions and preferences in a situation directly related to death -funerals. Statements reflecting subjective distress and those reflecting an avoidance behavior showed positive relationships with death anxieties and seem congruent with avoidance responses in other anxiety-provoking situations. By contrast with the situational correlates of death anxiety…
Situational constraint and type of causal explanation
Perceived causes of psychological problems
This study explored the major categories of causal explanations used by naive observers to account for psychological problems. A pool of items describing potential causes psychological problems was generated using psychiatric and psychological theory and research and pilot work. Three hundred and ninety-four subjects rated each cause. The results were factor analyzed and five interpretable factors resulted: Factor I, Personal Characteristics: Fac…
Inferential Sets and Descriptive Versus Evaluative Aspects of Behavioral Inference
Social Perception of the Victim's Causal Role in Rape
An exploratory examination of the social perception of a rape victim was conducted. Sex of respondent, victim's history of rape, number of rapes in the area, and victim acquaintance with the rapist were investigated by having subjects respond to a standardized videotape of an interview with a presumed victim. Results revealed two consistent findings: Males viewed the victim as contributing to the rape to a greater degree than females. The victim …
Social Perception of the Victim's Causal Role in Rape
An exploratory examination of the social perception of a rape victim was conducted. Sex of respondent, victim's history of rape, number of rapes in the area, and victim acquaintance with the rapist were investigated by having subjects respond to a standardized videotape of an interview with a presumed victim. Results revealed two consistent findings: Males viewed the victim as contributing to the rape to a greater degree than females. The victim …
Attributing Responsibility to the Victim of Rape
Information regarding a rape victim's past sexual behaviors was presented to college students in specially constructed newspaper stories describing testimony at the trial. In two conditions the sexual experience information was explicit, indicating an active or an inactive past. In three other conditions no explicit information was presented, but the reason was varied: The victim refused to testify, the judge refused to allow testimony, or no men…
Reactions to the family of the suicide
The present study investigated reactions to the survivors of a family member's suicide. One hundred and twenty seven adults, members of a large urban Protestant church, responded to a newspaper account of a suicide in which the following factors were systematically varied: sex of the suicide, causal locus of the suicide, and whether the cause was prior or immediate to the suicide. The design was a 2 (sex of respondent) x 2 (sex of suicide) x 2 (l…
Situational constraint and type of causal explanation
Rape
The Segmentation and Integration of the Chinese in Brisbane, Australia
The history of the Chinese in Australia is traced, beginning with the gold rush of the mid-nineteenth century when there were nearly 10,000 at one point, almost all of them being male. Numbers of Chinese in Australia declined under the White Australia policy until there were fewer than 8,500 full-Chinese enumerated in the 1947 census, roughly half of them being Australian born, but only one quarter of them being female. Well more than half of all…
Inferential Sets and Descriptive Versus Evaluative Aspects of Behavioral Inference
Inferential Sets and Descriptive Versus Evaluative Aspects of Behavioral Inference
Social Perception of the Victim's Causal Role in Rape
An exploratory examination of the social perception of a rape victim was conducted. Sex of respondent, victim's history of rape, number of rapes in the area, and victim acquaintance with the rapist were investigated by having subjects respond to a standardized videotape of an interview with a presumed victim. Results revealed two consistent findings: Males viewed the victim as contributing to the rape to a greater degree than females. The victim …
Situational Correlates of Death Anxiety
A pattern of correlations was found between self-reported death anxiety and the respondents' reactions and preferences in a situation directly related to death -funerals. Statements reflecting subjective distress and those reflecting an avoidance behavior showed positive relationships with death anxieties and seem congruent with avoidance responses in other anxiety-provoking situations. By contrast with the situational correlates of death anxiety…
Situational constraint and type of causal explanation
Perceived causes of psychological problems
This study explored the major categories of causal explanations used by naive observers to account for psychological problems. A pool of items describing potential causes psychological problems was generated using psychiatric and psychological theory and research and pilot work. Three hundred and ninety-four subjects rated each cause. The results were factor analyzed and five interpretable factors resulted: Factor I, Personal Characteristics: Fac…
Psychosomatic phenomena
We formulate a 1D partly dissipative moving-boundary reaction-diffusion system that describes the penetration of a reaction front into a concrete wall. We state the well-posedness of the model and the existence of non-trivial upper and lower bounds for the concentrations, speed of the interface, and shut-down time of the process. A numerical example illustrates the typical behavior of concentrations and interface penetration in a real-world appli…
Psychosomatic phenomena
Attitudes toward seeking pastoral help in the event of the death of a close friend or relative
This study examined correlates of seeking help from clergymen in the event of the death of a close friend or relative. Demographic factors and attitudes toward seeking pastoral help in the event of the death of a close friend or relative were examined in 116 subjects. Half the subjects were undergraduates and half were from local congregations. Age, sex, socioeconomic status, religious affiliation, marital status, and intensity of religious belie…
Perceptions of the rape incident
The present study investigated attitudes toward rape in a group of physicians and a group of volunteer rape-crisis counselors. A series of 25 statements derived from the literature on rape was administered to a group of physicians and to a group of rapecrisis counselors. The 25 statements were factor analyzed based on responses from an independent sample. Two main factors emerged: one represented perceived causality of the rape incident and the o…
Reactions to the family of the suicide
The present study investigated reactions to the survivors of a family member's suicide. One hundred and twenty seven adults, members of a large urban Protestant church, responded to a newspaper account of a suicide in which the following factors were systematically varied: sex of the suicide, causal locus of the suicide, and whether the cause was prior or immediate to the suicide. The design was a 2 (sex of respondent) x 2 (sex of suicide) x 2 (l…
Effect of perceived motivation on the assignment of blame and punishment to rapists by female respondents
This study examined the assignment of blame in rape episodes by female observers. When the rapist's behavior was described as caused by intrapsychic, as compared with organic factors, greater blame was assigned to the rapist. A greater degree of causal attribution to factors external to the rapist occurred with organic, as compared with intrapsychic, causation. Ratings of the severity of punishment deserved by the rapist differed significantly as…
Attributing Responsibility to the Victim of Rape
Information regarding a rape victim's past sexual behaviors was presented to college students in specially constructed newspaper stories describing testimony at the trial. In two conditions the sexual experience information was explicit, indicating an active or an inactive past. In three other conditions no explicit information was presented, but the reason was varied: The victim refused to testify, the judge refused to allow testimony, or no men…
Families of Incest
The present paper provides a collation of the impressions of clinical workers regarding families in which father-daughter incest has incurred. Responses of the workers indicate that the incestuous relationship is typically not limited to one or two sexual encounters, but the relationship can become a stable part of family life. The sexual interactions appear to parallel sexual practices in non-incestuous relationships. Daughters involved in inces…
Reactions to the rape victim as a function of victim age
The present study investigated the effects of the age of a victim on social reactions to a rape incident. The findings indicated limited but reliable effects of age on the way respondents reacted to the rape episode. There was a greater tendency for the characteristics and the behavior of the victim to be viewed as factors in causing the rape when the victim was in the middle age ranges than when she was in the extreme age range (six-years-old or…
Mass suicide
This was a study of laypersons' views of the mass suicides which occurred in Guyana in November of 1978. Of 157 individuals randomly contacted by telephone, 105 agreed to answer questions and were aware of the suicides. 73% of the respondents thought that the suicides were the result of the individuals' personality or character. 93% indicated that the suicides occurred because victims were under the control of their cult leader. 78% thought that …
The influence of pregnancy on sexuality
The current paper reviews and evaluates available research on the influence of pregnancy on sexuality. Patterns of findings consistent across most studies include a decline in sexual interest and in sexual behavior of women during the third trimester of their pregnancy. Changes in sexuality during earlier stages of pregnancy are less clearly established. The limited number of investigations used different methodologies, each with significant shor…
Rape
The aftermath of childhood suicide
The present study investigated the responses of 148 adult citizens of a city in the southeastern United States to specially prepared newspaper accounts of a child's death. Results indicated that when the child's death was suicidal parents were viewed in a more negative way than when the child's death was a result of illness. In addition, the presence of environmental pressures which reduced potentially negative perceptions of parents when the chi…
The Segmentation and Integration of the Chinese in Brisbane, Australia
The history of the Chinese in Australia is traced, beginning with the gold rush of the mid-nineteenth century when there were nearly 10,000 at one point, almost all of them being male. Numbers of Chinese in Australia declined under the White Australia policy until there were fewer than 8,500 full-Chinese enumerated in the 1947 census, roughly half of them being Australian born, but only one quarter of them being female. Well more than half of all…
Suicidal Death of a Spouse
The present study investigated the reactions of others to the surviving spouse of an individual who commits suicide. A group of 120 adult citizens responded to a typeset obituary notice that described the cause of death as either suicide, motor vehicle accident, or leukemia. Results indicated that the surviving spouse of a suicide was perceived differently in several ways. Compared to those spouses of accident and leukemia victims, the spouse of …
The rules of bereavement
The present article describes two studies designed to identify some of the rules that may govern interactions with bereaved persons and whether those rules are different for suicidal deaths, as compared with death by accident or natural causes. In the first study, with university students, 28 rules were identified. The pattern of results suggests that the rules for suicide are more constraining; that is, judgments about the existence of social ru…
A Collation of Funeral Directors' Impressions of Suicidal Deaths
The present study was focused on whether or not suicidal deaths produce reactions in the surviving family that are different from those caused by other types of death. Structured interviews were conducted with twenty-five funeral directors. Their observations were obtained on the severity of the family's reaction and on the social responses of others to the bereaved family. The response of the funeral directors indicated that suicide produces dif…
Psychology (18 obras) · Social Psychology (14 obras) · Clinical Psychology (8 obras) · Developmental psychology (8 obras) · Medicine (8 obras) · Political science (8 obras) · Psychiatry (7 obras) · Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health (6 obras) · Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies (6 obras) · Social Psychology (6 obras)