Michael S Kramer
Biographic Data
| ID | 4254801 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Michael S Kramer |
| GIVEN NAMES | Michael S |
| FAMILY NAME | Kramer |
| SIGNATURE | KRAMER M S |
| AFFILIATIONS | McGill University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5977-8461 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 27 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 33 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1973 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
The Associations between Upper and Lower Body Muscle Strength and Diabetes among Midlife Women
We hypothesized that a combined index of upper and lower body muscle strength would be more strongly associated with diabetes than either measure alone. Women recruited into the Integrated Women's Health Program had their handgrip strength (HGS) measured using a dynamometer and underwent a timed 5-repetition chair stand (RCS) test. HGS < 18 kg and RCS performance ≥ 12 s assessed upper and lower body strength, respectively, both individually and c…
Happy prenatal relationships, healthy postpartum mothers: A prospective study of relationship satisfaction, postpartum stress, and health
Objective Major life transitions, such as the arrival of a new baby, can be stressful, and therefore, costly to one’s health. Being in a satisfying romantic relationship has been previously linked with better health, perhaps because it provides access to a bank of psychosocial resources. The objective of the present research was two-fold. First, we examined whether prenatal relationship satisfaction benefitted mothers’ postpartum health. Second, …
Stillbirth in Canada: Anachronistic definition and registration processes impede public health surveillance and clinical care
The archaic definition and registration processes for stillbirth currently prevalent in Canada impede both clinical care and public health. The situation is fraught because of definitional problems related to the inclusion of induced abortions at ≥20 weeks’ gestation as stillbirths: widespread uptake of prenatal diagnosis and induced abortion for serious congenital anomalies has resulted in an artefactual temporal increase in stillbirth rates in …
Housing conditions and adverse birth outcomes among Indigenous people in Canada
Is breastfeeding associated with later child eating behaviours
Iron status and risk factors of iron deficiency among pregnant women in Singapore: A cross-sectional study
NCT01174875 . Registered 1 July 2010 (retrospectively registered)
Adverse birth outcomes and infant mortality according to registered First Nations status and First Nations community residence across Canada
Paternal education and adverse birth outcomes in Canada
BACKGROUND: Research on predictors of adverse birth outcomes has focused on maternal characteristics. Much less is known about the role of paternal factors. Paternal education is an important socioeconomic marker that may predict birth outcomes over and above maternal socioeconomic indicators. METHODS: Using data from the 2006 Canadian Birth-Census Cohort, we estimated the associations between paternal education and preterm birth, small-for-gesta…
Socioeconomic differences in childhood length/height trajectories in a middle-income country: A cohort study
Current Controlled Trials: NCT01352247 assigned 9 Sept 2005; ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT01561612 received 20 Mar 2012
Temporal Trends in Social Disparities in Maternal Smoking and Breastfeeding in Canada, 1992–2008
Neighborhood Deprivation and Maternal Psychological Distress During Pregnancy: A Multilevel Analysis
Neighbourhood Income and Neonatal, Postneonatal and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (Sids) Mortality in Canada, 1991–2005
Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding
BACKGROUND: Although the health benefits of breastfeeding are widely acknowledged, opinions and recommendations are strongly divided on the optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Since 2001, the World Health Organization has recommended exclusive breastfeeding for six months. Much of the recent debate in developed countries has centred on the micronutrient adequacy, as well as the existence and magnitude of health benefits, of this practice…
Setting research priorities to reduce global mortality from preterm birth and low birth weight by 2015
Socioeconomic inequalities in height, leg length and trunk length among children aged 6.5 years and their parents from the Republic of Belarus: Evidence from the Promotion of Breastfeeding Interventio…
In Belarus, similar socioeconomic differentials in height were observed in both children and their parents. Among children, height differentials were partly explained by mid-parental height and number of older siblings. Leg length was not a more sensitive indicator of childhood socioeconomic conditions than trunk length
P1-490 Socioeconomic inequalities in height, leg length and trunk length among children aged 6.5 years and their parents from the Republic of Belarus: Evidence from the promotion of breastfeeding inte…
Introduction Lower socioeconomic position is associated with shorter stature, in particular shorter leg length, but the magnitude of these associations in non-Western countries has received little attention. Aim To examine socioeconomic differentials in height, leg and trunk length in 6.5 year olds from the Republic of Belarus and compare these to differentials in parental height. Methods We used data from a cohort of 13 889 children born in Bela…
Do gastrointestinal tract infections in infancy increase blood pressure in childhood? A cohort study
BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesised that dehydration in infancy could permanently increase sodium retention, raising blood pressure in later life. In this study, the association between gastrointestinal tract infection in infancy, a clinically relevant exposure often accompanied by dehydration, and raised blood pressure in childhood was investigated. METHODS: Data from a cohort study nested within a cluster-randomised trial of breastfeeding prom…
Public Policy and Breast-feeding: A Straightforward and Significant Solution
Breastfeeding and Child Cognitive Development: New Evidence From a Large Randomized Trial
CONTEXT: The evidence that breastfeeding improves cognitive development is based almost entirely on observational studies and is thus prone to confounding by subtle behavioral differences in the breastfeeding mother's behavior or her interaction with the infant. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding improves children's cognitive ability at age 6.5 years. DESIGN: Cluster-randomized trial, with enrollment from June 17, …
La satisfaction à l’égard de la naissance parmi les couples utilisant la chambre de naissance ou la chambre traditionnelle
Distribués au hasard, deux groupes de couples cnt été comparés quant à leur sentiment de satisfaction à l'égard de la naissance de leur enfant. Le groupe O.N. a fait usage de la chambre de naissance, tandis que le groupe C.T., a utilisé la chambre traditionnelle. Le sentiment de satisfaction a été mesuré au cours des trois jours suivant la naissance et trois mois plus tard, et les moyennes des réponses obtenues pour l'ensemble des mères et des pè…
An Analysis of Antenatal Hospitalization in Canada, 1991–2003
Stillbirths in the United States, 1981–2000: An Age, Period, and Cohort Analysis
Objectives. We examined age, period, and cohort (APC) effects on temporal trends in stillbirths among Black and White women in the United States. Methods. We conducted a cohort study of Black and White women who delivered a singleton live-born or stillborn infant during 1981 through 2000. We analyzed stillbirth rates at 20 or more weeks of gestation within 7 age groups, 4 periods, and 10 “central” birth cohorts after adjusting for confounders. Re…
The Optimal Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review
Small-for-Gestational-Age Births Among Black and White Women: Temporal Trends in the United States
Low birthweight (< 2500 g) is a strong predictor of infant mortality.1 However, low birthweight may be the consequence of preterm birth or restricted fetal growth. During the past 2 decades, preterm birth rates have been increasing in developed countries,2–9 whereas population-based trends in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births in the United States remain unexplored. Trends in SGA births are important because the severely growth restricted are…
The Impact of the Increasing Number of Multiple Births on the Rates of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight: An International Study
Objectives. We studied the effects of twins and triplets on perinatal health indicators in the overall population in the 1980s and 1990s in Canada, England and Wales, France, and the United States. Methods. Data were derived mostly from live birth registration. We used rates, relative risks, and population attributable risks for twins and triplets separately. Results. In each country, the increase in multiple births, and the increase in preterm d…
The Impact of the Increasing Number of Multiple Births on the Rates of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight: An International Study
Objectives. We studied the effects of twins and triplets on perinatal health indicators in the overall population in the 1980s and 1990s in Canada, England and Wales, France, and the United States. Methods. Data were derived mostly from live birth registration. We used rates, relative risks, and population attributable risks for twins and triplets separately. Results. In each country, the increase in multiple births, and the increase in preterm d…
Stillbirths in the United States, 1981–2000: An Age, Period, and Cohort Analysis
Objectives. We examined age, period, and cohort (APC) effects on temporal trends in stillbirths among Black and White women in the United States. Methods. We conducted a cohort study of Black and White women who delivered a singleton live-born or stillborn infant during 1981 through 2000. We analyzed stillbirth rates at 20 or more weeks of gestation within 7 age groups, 4 periods, and 10 “central” birth cohorts after adjusting for confounders. Re…
Housing conditions and adverse birth outcomes among Indigenous people in Canada
Is breastfeeding associated with later child eating behaviours
Paternal education and adverse birth outcomes in Canada
BACKGROUND: Research on predictors of adverse birth outcomes has focused on maternal characteristics. Much less is known about the role of paternal factors. Paternal education is an important socioeconomic marker that may predict birth outcomes over and above maternal socioeconomic indicators. METHODS: Using data from the 2006 Canadian Birth-Census Cohort, we estimated the associations between paternal education and preterm birth, small-for-gesta…
Neighbourhood Income and Neonatal, Postneonatal and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (Sids) Mortality in Canada, 1991–2005
Small-for-Gestational-Age Births Among Black and White Women: Temporal Trends in the United States
Low birthweight (< 2500 g) is a strong predictor of infant mortality.1 However, low birthweight may be the consequence of preterm birth or restricted fetal growth. During the past 2 decades, preterm birth rates have been increasing in developed countries,2–9 whereas population-based trends in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births in the United States remain unexplored. Trends in SGA births are important because the severely growth restricted are…
Stillbirth in Canada: Anachronistic definition and registration processes impede public health surveillance and clinical care
The archaic definition and registration processes for stillbirth currently prevalent in Canada impede both clinical care and public health. The situation is fraught because of definitional problems related to the inclusion of induced abortions at ≥20 weeks’ gestation as stillbirths: widespread uptake of prenatal diagnosis and induced abortion for serious congenital anomalies has resulted in an artefactual temporal increase in stillbirth rates in …
Adverse birth outcomes and infant mortality according to registered First Nations status and First Nations community residence across Canada
The Ethnic Factor: How America's Minorities Decide Elections
The Use of Preventable Adverse Outcomes to Study the Quality of Child Health Care A New Application of Case-Control Research
Because cohort methods are insensitive in detecting rare outcomes, the authors used the more sensitive case-control technique to investigate whether pediatricians or nonpediatric generalists are better able to recognize severe acute illness or to avoid preventable complications. We selected "indicator" outcomes for four types of common acute illness and enrolled patients who had contacted a physician more than 24 hours prior to an index emergency…
Intrauterine Growth and Gestational Duration Determinants
Despite the general recognition that low birth weight can be caused by many factors, confusion and controversy remain about which factors have independent causal effects, as well as the quantitative importance of those effects. Previous research findings have often been conflicting because of a failure to distinguish intrauterine growth retardation from prematurity, differences in focus (means v rates), inadequate control for confounding variable…
A comparison of perinatal mortality between ethnic Chinese and ethnic whites: Why the Chinese rate was lower
Perinatal mortality rate is lower in ethnic Chinese than in ethnic whites, and the lower perinatal mortality rate in ethnic Chinese is probably caused by their favourable birth weight distribution and lower exposure to risk factors of perinatal death by their mothers
Socio‐economic disparities in pregnancy outcome: Why do the poor fare so poorly?
In this paper, we review the evidence bearing on socio‐economic disparities in pregnancy outcome, focusing on aetiological factors mediating the disparities in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preterm birth. We first summarise what is known about the attributable determinants of IUGR and preterm birth, emphasising their quantitative contributions (aetiological fractions) from a public health perspective. We then review studies relating …
Socio‐economic disparities in preterm birth: Causal pathways and mechanisms
Preterm birth is the leading cause of infant mortality in industrialised societies. Its incidence is greatly increased among the socially disadvantaged, but the reasons for this excess are unclear and have been relatively unexplored. We hypothesise two distinct sets of causal pathways and mechanisms that may explain social disparities in preterm birth. The first set involves chronic and acute psychosocial stressors, psychological distress caused …
Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT): A Randomized Trial in the Republic of Belarus
CONTEXT: Current evidence that breastfeeding is beneficial for infant and child health is based exclusively on observational studies. Potential sources of bias in such studies have led to doubts about the magnitude of these health benefits in industrialized countries. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of breastfeeding promotion on breastfeeding duration and exclusivity and gastrointestinal and respiratory infection and atopic eczema among infants.…
A New and Improved Population-Based Canadian Reference for Birth Weight for Gestational Age
BACKGROUND: Existing fetal growth references all suffer from 1 or more major methodologic problems, including errors in reported gestational age, biologically implausible birth weight for gestational age, insufficient sample sizes at low gestational age, single-hospital or other non-population-based samples, and inadequate statistical modeling techniques. METHODS: We used the newly developed Canadian national linked file of singleton births and i…
The Impact of the Increasing Number of Multiple Births on the Rates of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight: An International Study
Objectives. We studied the effects of twins and triplets on perinatal health indicators in the overall population in the 1980s and 1990s in Canada, England and Wales, France, and the United States. Methods. Data were derived mostly from live birth registration. We used rates, relative risks, and population attributable risks for twins and triplets separately. Results. In each country, the increase in multiple births, and the increase in preterm d…
Small-for-Gestational-Age Births Among Black and White Women: Temporal Trends in the United States
Low birthweight (< 2500 g) is a strong predictor of infant mortality.1 However, low birthweight may be the consequence of preterm birth or restricted fetal growth. During the past 2 decades, preterm birth rates have been increasing in developed countries,2–9 whereas population-based trends in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births in the United States remain unexplored. Trends in SGA births are important because the severely growth restricted are…
The Optimal Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review
Stillbirths in the United States, 1981–2000: An Age, Period, and Cohort Analysis
Objectives. We examined age, period, and cohort (APC) effects on temporal trends in stillbirths among Black and White women in the United States. Methods. We conducted a cohort study of Black and White women who delivered a singleton live-born or stillborn infant during 1981 through 2000. We analyzed stillbirth rates at 20 or more weeks of gestation within 7 age groups, 4 periods, and 10 “central” birth cohorts after adjusting for confounders. Re…
La satisfaction à l’égard de la naissance parmi les couples utilisant la chambre de naissance ou la chambre traditionnelle
Distribués au hasard, deux groupes de couples cnt été comparés quant à leur sentiment de satisfaction à l'égard de la naissance de leur enfant. Le groupe O.N. a fait usage de la chambre de naissance, tandis que le groupe C.T., a utilisé la chambre traditionnelle. Le sentiment de satisfaction a été mesuré au cours des trois jours suivant la naissance et trois mois plus tard, et les moyennes des réponses obtenues pour l'ensemble des mères et des pè…
An Analysis of Antenatal Hospitalization in Canada, 1991–2003
Breastfeeding and Child Cognitive Development: New Evidence From a Large Randomized Trial
CONTEXT: The evidence that breastfeeding improves cognitive development is based almost entirely on observational studies and is thus prone to confounding by subtle behavioral differences in the breastfeeding mother's behavior or her interaction with the infant. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding improves children's cognitive ability at age 6.5 years. DESIGN: Cluster-randomized trial, with enrollment from June 17, …
Public Policy and Breast-feeding: A Straightforward and Significant Solution
Do gastrointestinal tract infections in infancy increase blood pressure in childhood? A cohort study
BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesised that dehydration in infancy could permanently increase sodium retention, raising blood pressure in later life. In this study, the association between gastrointestinal tract infection in infancy, a clinically relevant exposure often accompanied by dehydration, and raised blood pressure in childhood was investigated. METHODS: Data from a cohort study nested within a cluster-randomised trial of breastfeeding prom…
Socioeconomic inequalities in height, leg length and trunk length among children aged 6.5 years and their parents from the Republic of Belarus: Evidence from the Promotion of Breastfeeding Interventio…
In Belarus, similar socioeconomic differentials in height were observed in both children and their parents. Among children, height differentials were partly explained by mid-parental height and number of older siblings. Leg length was not a more sensitive indicator of childhood socioeconomic conditions than trunk length
P1-490 Socioeconomic inequalities in height, leg length and trunk length among children aged 6.5 years and their parents from the Republic of Belarus: Evidence from the promotion of breastfeeding inte…
Introduction Lower socioeconomic position is associated with shorter stature, in particular shorter leg length, but the magnitude of these associations in non-Western countries has received little attention. Aim To examine socioeconomic differentials in height, leg and trunk length in 6.5 year olds from the Republic of Belarus and compare these to differentials in parental height. Methods We used data from a cohort of 13 889 children born in Bela…
Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding
BACKGROUND: Although the health benefits of breastfeeding are widely acknowledged, opinions and recommendations are strongly divided on the optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Since 2001, the World Health Organization has recommended exclusive breastfeeding for six months. Much of the recent debate in developed countries has centred on the micronutrient adequacy, as well as the existence and magnitude of health benefits, of this practice…
Setting research priorities to reduce global mortality from preterm birth and low birth weight by 2015
Neighbourhood Income and Neonatal, Postneonatal and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (Sids) Mortality in Canada, 1991–2005
Socioeconomic differences in childhood length/height trajectories in a middle-income country: A cohort study
Current Controlled Trials: NCT01352247 assigned 9 Sept 2005; ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT01561612 received 20 Mar 2012
Temporal Trends in Social Disparities in Maternal Smoking and Breastfeeding in Canada, 1992–2008
Neighborhood Deprivation and Maternal Psychological Distress During Pregnancy: A Multilevel Analysis
Medicine (31 works) · Pregnancy (16 works) · Demography (15 works) · Environmental health (14 works) · Population (13 works) · Pediatrics (12 works) · Breastfeeding Practices and Influences (11 works) · Obstetrics (11 works) · Pediatrics (11 works) · Breastfeeding (9 works)