Leyla Dogruel
Biographic Data
| ID | 4266557 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Leyla Dogruel |
| GIVEN NAMES | Leyla |
| FAMILY NAME | Dogruel |
| SIGNATURE | DOGRUEL L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2701-3402 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 45 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 31 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Mobilization in motion
Gender stereotypes and voice assistants
Voice assistants (VAs), such as Alexa, Siri, or Google Now, are becoming increasingly ubiquitous. Consequently, the potential societal impacts of such systems are gaining relevance in public and academic discourses. Investigating the effects of VA voice features on user perception of VAs is one central aspect of research. Here, the potential effects of VAs on the perception of gender roles and the attribution of gender stereotypes stand out. Foll…
Turn It on! Turn It on? Privacy Management of Pupils and Teachers in Online Learning During Covid-19 Lockdowns in Germany and Israel
The transition to emergency remote teaching (ERT) through the use of video conferencing software during the COVID-19 lockdowns posed significant challenges to privacy management for both pupils and teachers across the world. One question became pivotal: Must I turn my camera on? While the question of turning on one's camera has pedagogical consequences, our study sets out to examine the implications for pupils' and teachers' privacy. Focusing on …
Privacy and distance learning in turbulent times
The social distancing and lockdown measures enacted to address the COVID-19 pandemic entailed an unprecedented shift to digitally-mediated communication. The move to remote learning at schools was one of such important changes. Drawing on privacy and STS literature, we investigate the role of different privacy cultures during the initial moment of turbulence, when schools had to quickly adapt to remote teaching. To this end, we conducted semi-str…
Distribution and Reception of Conspiracy Theories and Mobilization Calls on Telegram. Combining Evidence from a Content Analysis and Survey During the Pandemic
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to an “infodemic” characterized by the widespread dissemination of conspiracy theories and calls for resistance against measures to combat the virus. Despite increased academic attention’s focus on conspiracy theories on Telegram, existing research has two major limitations: (1) a lack of combined examination of the distribution and reception of conspiracy theories, and (2) insufficient understanding of the r…
Gender byline bias in sports reporting
Gender-based marginalization and discrimination in sports journalism is an ongoing concern of research addressing gender equality in journalism. The visibility of female reporters as authors in terms of sports coverage has been found to be under 10% in content analysis that spans several countries. Research into audiences’ perceptions of authorship in sports journalism further found female authors to be prone to byline biases—even though findings…
A women’s issue? The role of backlash and issue ownership in users’ engagement with articles about gender equality
Gender equality issues are receiving increasing media attention. At the same time, journalists reporting on such issues experience hostility and online harassment. This study investigates which factors drive users’ intentions to engage with journalistic content on gender equality issues and whether the author's gender plays a role in this. An experiment was conducted among German online users (n = 612) with issue ownership and backlash as two cen…
Radical Mobilization in Times of Crisis
Social crisis situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic provide a fertile ground for radical actors and social movements to strengthen their radical mobilization-mainly using social media. In light of the deplatforming efforts of social media platforms that forced radical actors to establish new channels to continue their discourses and the recent crisis that opened a discursive opportunity structure, we investigate how radical actors use Telegram…
‘I’m still the master of the machine.’ Internet users’ awareness of algorithmic decision-making and their perception of its effect on their autonomy
Algorithms are an integral part of our everyday lives and shape the selection and presentation of information and communication on the internet. At the same time, media users are faced with a lack of control and transparency when interacting with these systems because algorithms largely remain black boxes to end users. Relying on the notion that algorithms are socio-technical systems that comprise both technical and human components, this paper e…
Disclosing Personal Information in mHealth Apps. Testing the Role of Privacy Attitudes, App Habits, and Social Norm Cues
Communication privacy research has employed a plethora of theoretical approaches to explain the information disclosing behavior of users. To explain information disclosure intentions in mHealth apps, this article integrates the attitude-behavior model of privacy decisions with approaches on the role of heuristics and the impact of habitual app use. Specifically, we examine the relationship between privacy attitudes, privacy concerns, app habits, …
Nudging Children and Adolescents toward Online Privacy
The widespread practices of data collection by third-party actors pose challenges to children’s and adolescents’ privacy when they navigate digital environments. Given that the informed-consent paradigm has largely failed in online contexts, nudging seems to be a promising alternative intervention to make internet users more privacy sensitive. At the same time, nudging faces sharp criticism, suggesting it violates various ethical values. In this …
Development and Validation of an Algorithm Literacy Scale for Internet Users
In light of the widespread use of big data analytics, internet users are increasingly confronted with algorithmic decision-making. Developing algorithm literacy is thus crucial to empower users to successfully navigate digital environments. In this paper, we present the development and validation of an algorithm literacy scale that consists of two interrelated dimensions: 1) awareness of algorithms use and 2) knowledge about algorithms. To valida…
Folk theories of algorithmic operations during Internet use
We used the folk theory perspective to investigate Internet users’ understanding of algorithms during their Internet use. Empirically, we conducted a mixed-method study. First, we carried out semi-structured in-person interviews with 30 German Internet users. Our analysis of these interviews enabled us to identity five folk theories – economic orientation theory, personal interaction theory, popularity theory, categorization theory, and algorithm…
Are byline biases an issue of the past? The effect of author’s gender and emotion norm prescriptions on the evaluation of news articles on gender equality
When female journalists write about issues of gender equality, they often become the target of incivility and their work is devaluated. Research has investigated such devaluations based on journalists’ gender under the scope of byline biases, analysing if it matters to readers whether a news piece is authored by a male or female journalist. In this paper, we set out to study if gender byline biases occur when journalists write about gender equali…
Spirals of Speaking Out? Effects of the “Suppressed Voice Rhetoric” on Audiences’ Willingness to Express Their Opinion
A defining feature of counterpublics is to claim that their views are deliberately excluded from the mainstream public sphere. This rhetorical strategy – which we theorize as “suppressed voice rhetoric” (SVR) – has become omnipresent in today’s polarized media environments. In this article, we present an experimental study (N = 464) that investigated the effect of SVR in right-wing counterpublic user comments on the audience. We found that, when …
Localizing the Politics of Privacy in Communication and Media Research
While previous communication and media research has largely focused on either studying privacy as personal boundary management or made efforts to investigate the structural (legal or economic) condition of privacy, we observe an emergent body of research on the political underpinnings of privacy linking both aspects. A pronounced understanding of the politics of privacy is however lacking. In this contribution, we set out to push this forward by …
What determines instant messaging communication? Examining the impact of person- and situation-level factors on IM responsiveness
Acknowledging that the way mobile communication is used is shaped by socially negotiated social norms, this study examined the factors that impact instant messaging (IM) communication at the person and situation levels using the experience sampling method (ESM). We measured how the characteristics at the person level (i.e., availability and responsiveness preferences), contextual factors (i.e., location and copresence of others), and message-rela…
Privacy nudges as policy interventions
The protection of individuals’ online privacy is one of the main challenges for Internet policy. As the informed consent paradigm has largely failed to ensure privacy protection online, we examine nudging as a tool of soft paternalism as an alternative intervention to sensitize users towards online privacy. Building upon the criticism that nudging is considered being manipulative and reducing people’s autonomy in decision-making, we inquire how m…
Default effects in app selection
Cognitive biases such as default effects impact on user preferences for a broad range of different choices. This paper investigates these default effects among adolescents configuring apps that either satisfy relatedness or enhance autonomy by protecting privacy. Relatedness and privacy are two innate needs that adolescents can satisfy with the use of smartphone apps. This study argues that adolescents’ choice of features supporting either privac…
Searching for Autonomy in Digital News Entrepreneurism Projects
Digital entrepreneurism is often depicted as a positive disruption in the news ecosystem; it initiates new business models, fosters new ways of storytelling, and enables closer interaction with audiences. The extent to which entrepreneurial journalism entails a disruption of journalistic norms, roles, and procedures remains a matter of debate. Against this background, our study aims to explore how news entrepreneurism impacts journalistic autonom…
Regional newspapers’ sourcing strategies
In the light of profound transformation processes shaping news media markets during the last decade, in particular local and regional news markets are confronted with consolidation and concentration processes. As a result, newspaper organizations are required to adapt their organizational strategies and editorial routines to face these challenges. Among journalistic routines, the use of sources is a prime example for an analysis of changing patte…
The reliance on recognition and majority vote heuristics over privacy concerns when selecting smartphone apps among German and US consumers
The smartphone app market is a prime example of a digital market where consumers are tasked with selecting one option among a plethora of alternatives, at times indistinguishable from one another. Building upon findings on information processing and decision-making, we postulate that consumers follow simple (rather than complex) heuristic rules to navigate the app market. In particular, we focus on two such strategies: the recognition heuristic a…
Akteursbeziehungen in der Zeitungsberichterstattung über die Online-Aktivitäten des öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks
Innovation research in media management and economics
Academics and practitioners observe a growing relevance of media innovation research. Yet theoretical frameworks on how to approach media innovations in media economics and media management research remain underdeveloped. This article adopts a theoretical approach and discusses central theoretical and empirical concepts towards analysing media innovations and media related change processes from a media management and media economics perspective. …
What is so Special about Media Innovations? A Characterization of the Field
Based on existing research in media economics, media management as well as media history this paper analyzes media innovation’s characteristics. These media specific attributes help distinguishing media innovation from other types of innovation and justify the necessity to establish a distinct field of research on media innovation. As a result, eight attributes that refer to media innovation products and processes were deduced. They characterize …
Development and Validation of an Algorithm Literacy Scale for Internet Users
In light of the widespread use of big data analytics, internet users are increasingly confronted with algorithmic decision-making. Developing algorithm literacy is thus crucial to empower users to successfully navigate digital environments. In this paper, we present the development and validation of an algorithm literacy scale that consists of two interrelated dimensions: 1) awareness of algorithms use and 2) knowledge about algorithms. To valida…
Searching for Autonomy in Digital News Entrepreneurism Projects
Digital entrepreneurism is often depicted as a positive disruption in the news ecosystem; it initiates new business models, fosters new ways of storytelling, and enables closer interaction with audiences. The extent to which entrepreneurial journalism entails a disruption of journalistic norms, roles, and procedures remains a matter of debate. Against this background, our study aims to explore how news entrepreneurism impacts journalistic autonom…
What determines instant messaging communication? Examining the impact of person- and situation-level factors on IM responsiveness
Acknowledging that the way mobile communication is used is shaped by socially negotiated social norms, this study examined the factors that impact instant messaging (IM) communication at the person and situation levels using the experience sampling method (ESM). We measured how the characteristics at the person level (i.e., availability and responsiveness preferences), contextual factors (i.e., location and copresence of others), and message-rela…
Folk theories of algorithmic operations during Internet use
We used the folk theory perspective to investigate Internet users’ understanding of algorithms during their Internet use. Empirically, we conducted a mixed-method study. First, we carried out semi-structured in-person interviews with 30 German Internet users. Our analysis of these interviews enabled us to identity five folk theories – economic orientation theory, personal interaction theory, popularity theory, categorization theory, and algorithm…
Regional newspapers’ sourcing strategies
In the light of profound transformation processes shaping news media markets during the last decade, in particular local and regional news markets are confronted with consolidation and concentration processes. As a result, newspaper organizations are required to adapt their organizational strategies and editorial routines to face these challenges. Among journalistic routines, the use of sources is a prime example for an analysis of changing patte…
Akteursbeziehungen in der Zeitungsberichterstattung über die Online-Aktivitäten des öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks
Choosing the right app
Decision-making theories have argued that many daily decisions are the result of heuristic rather than systematic processes. Given the ubiquity of smartphones as mobile communication and computing devices along with the vast smartphone app market, our exploratory study aimed to understand how heuristics guide smartphone app selection. Observing 49 smartphone users from the US and Germany viewing 189 total apps from three predetermined categories,…
Turn It on! Turn It on? Privacy Management of Pupils and Teachers in Online Learning During Covid-19 Lockdowns in Germany and Israel
The transition to emergency remote teaching (ERT) through the use of video conferencing software during the COVID-19 lockdowns posed significant challenges to privacy management for both pupils and teachers across the world. One question became pivotal: Must I turn my camera on? While the question of turning on one's camera has pedagogical consequences, our study sets out to examine the implications for pupils' and teachers' privacy. Focusing on …
A women’s issue? The role of backlash and issue ownership in users’ engagement with articles about gender equality
Gender equality issues are receiving increasing media attention. At the same time, journalists reporting on such issues experience hostility and online harassment. This study investigates which factors drive users’ intentions to engage with journalistic content on gender equality issues and whether the author's gender plays a role in this. An experiment was conducted among German online users (n = 612) with issue ownership and backlash as two cen…
Radical Mobilization in Times of Crisis
Social crisis situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic provide a fertile ground for radical actors and social movements to strengthen their radical mobilization-mainly using social media. In light of the deplatforming efforts of social media platforms that forced radical actors to establish new channels to continue their discourses and the recent crisis that opened a discursive opportunity structure, we investigate how radical actors use Telegram…
Are byline biases an issue of the past? The effect of author’s gender and emotion norm prescriptions on the evaluation of news articles on gender equality
When female journalists write about issues of gender equality, they often become the target of incivility and their work is devaluated. Research has investigated such devaluations based on journalists’ gender under the scope of byline biases, analysing if it matters to readers whether a news piece is authored by a male or female journalist. In this paper, we set out to study if gender byline biases occur when journalists write about gender equali…
Default effects in app selection
Cognitive biases such as default effects impact on user preferences for a broad range of different choices. This paper investigates these default effects among adolescents configuring apps that either satisfy relatedness or enhance autonomy by protecting privacy. Relatedness and privacy are two innate needs that adolescents can satisfy with the use of smartphone apps. This study argues that adolescents’ choice of features supporting either privac…
Video game rating systems in the US and Europe
Regulating children’s and adolescents’ access to video games appeared on the agenda of media lawmakers from the 1990s on. Approaches in western democracies have largely followed the approach of industry self-regulation, resulting in a diverse set of different types of self-regulation systems. This study applies a comparative perspective on the actual rating practices, asking how far regulation systems differ systematically and how far these diffe…
Elderly people and morality in virtual worlds
This study examines elderly people’s innate moral foundations in influencing decisions, and their subsequent enjoyment in an interactive media environment. The Moral Foundation Questionnaire was used to distinguish between the moral intuitions of elderly US and German respondents, who were believed to have divergent yet stable moral codes that would be salient in a novel virtual world. In an experimental design, participants (N=116) were confront…
Wirtschaftsberichterstattung in der Boulevardpresse
Besonders in Zeiten von Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrisen besitzen Boulevardmedien die wichtige Funktionen, das Interesse für Wirtschaftsthemen zu wecken und komplexe Zusammenhänge allgemeinverständlich zu vermitteln. Die Autoren der Studie untersuchen vergleichend, mit welchen redaktionellen Konzepten und Ressourcen vier deutsche Boulevardblätter und ihre Websites diese Aufgaben erfüllen. Anhand von Strukturanalysen und Kommunikatorbefragungen wird …
Elderly people and morality in virtual worlds
This study examines elderly people’s innate moral foundations in influencing decisions, and their subsequent enjoyment in an interactive media environment. The Moral Foundation Questionnaire was used to distinguish between the moral intuitions of elderly US and German respondents, who were believed to have divergent yet stable moral codes that would be salient in a novel virtual world. In an experimental design, participants (N=116) were confront…
The Influence of Adolescents' Moral Salience on Actions and Entertainment Experience in Interactive Media
The current study examines the role of US and German adolescents' innate morality in influencing decisions in and subsequent enjoyment of an interactive media environment. Moving beyond models of moral reasoning, morality was assessed using Moral Foundations Theory allowing for an intuitionist perspective on morality. In an experimental design, adolescents aged 12 to 14 years from the United States (N = 91) and Germany (N = 94), played a modified…
Video game rating systems in the US and Europe
Regulating children’s and adolescents’ access to video games appeared on the agenda of media lawmakers from the 1990s on. Approaches in western democracies have largely followed the approach of industry self-regulation, resulting in a diverse set of different types of self-regulation systems. This study applies a comparative perspective on the actual rating practices, asking how far regulation systems differ systematically and how far these diffe…
Eine kommunikationswissenschaftliche Konzeption von Medieninnovationen
What is so Special about Media Innovations? A Characterization of the Field
Based on existing research in media economics, media management as well as media history this paper analyzes media innovation’s characteristics. These media specific attributes help distinguishing media innovation from other types of innovation and justify the necessity to establish a distinct field of research on media innovation. As a result, eight attributes that refer to media innovation products and processes were deduced. They characterize …
Choosing the right app
Decision-making theories have argued that many daily decisions are the result of heuristic rather than systematic processes. Given the ubiquity of smartphones as mobile communication and computing devices along with the vast smartphone app market, our exploratory study aimed to understand how heuristics guide smartphone app selection. Observing 49 smartphone users from the US and Germany viewing 189 total apps from three predetermined categories,…
Innovation research in media management and economics
Academics and practitioners observe a growing relevance of media innovation research. Yet theoretical frameworks on how to approach media innovations in media economics and media management research remain underdeveloped. This article adopts a theoretical approach and discusses central theoretical and empirical concepts towards analysing media innovations and media related change processes from a media management and media economics perspective. …
Akteursbeziehungen in der Zeitungsberichterstattung über die Online-Aktivitäten des öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks
The reliance on recognition and majority vote heuristics over privacy concerns when selecting smartphone apps among German and US consumers
The smartphone app market is a prime example of a digital market where consumers are tasked with selecting one option among a plethora of alternatives, at times indistinguishable from one another. Building upon findings on information processing and decision-making, we postulate that consumers follow simple (rather than complex) heuristic rules to navigate the app market. In particular, we focus on two such strategies: the recognition heuristic a…
Regional newspapers’ sourcing strategies
In the light of profound transformation processes shaping news media markets during the last decade, in particular local and regional news markets are confronted with consolidation and concentration processes. As a result, newspaper organizations are required to adapt their organizational strategies and editorial routines to face these challenges. Among journalistic routines, the use of sources is a prime example for an analysis of changing patte…
Privacy nudges as policy interventions
The protection of individuals’ online privacy is one of the main challenges for Internet policy. As the informed consent paradigm has largely failed to ensure privacy protection online, we examine nudging as a tool of soft paternalism as an alternative intervention to sensitize users towards online privacy. Building upon the criticism that nudging is considered being manipulative and reducing people’s autonomy in decision-making, we inquire how m…
Default effects in app selection
Cognitive biases such as default effects impact on user preferences for a broad range of different choices. This paper investigates these default effects among adolescents configuring apps that either satisfy relatedness or enhance autonomy by protecting privacy. Relatedness and privacy are two innate needs that adolescents can satisfy with the use of smartphone apps. This study argues that adolescents’ choice of features supporting either privac…
Searching for Autonomy in Digital News Entrepreneurism Projects
Digital entrepreneurism is often depicted as a positive disruption in the news ecosystem; it initiates new business models, fosters new ways of storytelling, and enables closer interaction with audiences. The extent to which entrepreneurial journalism entails a disruption of journalistic norms, roles, and procedures remains a matter of debate. Against this background, our study aims to explore how news entrepreneurism impacts journalistic autonom…
Spirals of Speaking Out? Effects of the “Suppressed Voice Rhetoric” on Audiences’ Willingness to Express Their Opinion
A defining feature of counterpublics is to claim that their views are deliberately excluded from the mainstream public sphere. This rhetorical strategy – which we theorize as “suppressed voice rhetoric” (SVR) – has become omnipresent in today’s polarized media environments. In this article, we present an experimental study (N = 464) that investigated the effect of SVR in right-wing counterpublic user comments on the audience. We found that, when …
Localizing the Politics of Privacy in Communication and Media Research
While previous communication and media research has largely focused on either studying privacy as personal boundary management or made efforts to investigate the structural (legal or economic) condition of privacy, we observe an emergent body of research on the political underpinnings of privacy linking both aspects. A pronounced understanding of the politics of privacy is however lacking. In this contribution, we set out to push this forward by …
What determines instant messaging communication? Examining the impact of person- and situation-level factors on IM responsiveness
Acknowledging that the way mobile communication is used is shaped by socially negotiated social norms, this study examined the factors that impact instant messaging (IM) communication at the person and situation levels using the experience sampling method (ESM). We measured how the characteristics at the person level (i.e., availability and responsiveness preferences), contextual factors (i.e., location and copresence of others), and message-rela…
Nudging Children and Adolescents toward Online Privacy
The widespread practices of data collection by third-party actors pose challenges to children’s and adolescents’ privacy when they navigate digital environments. Given that the informed-consent paradigm has largely failed in online contexts, nudging seems to be a promising alternative intervention to make internet users more privacy sensitive. At the same time, nudging faces sharp criticism, suggesting it violates various ethical values. In this …
Development and Validation of an Algorithm Literacy Scale for Internet Users
In light of the widespread use of big data analytics, internet users are increasingly confronted with algorithmic decision-making. Developing algorithm literacy is thus crucial to empower users to successfully navigate digital environments. In this paper, we present the development and validation of an algorithm literacy scale that consists of two interrelated dimensions: 1) awareness of algorithms use and 2) knowledge about algorithms. To valida…
Folk theories of algorithmic operations during Internet use
We used the folk theory perspective to investigate Internet users’ understanding of algorithms during their Internet use. Empirically, we conducted a mixed-method study. First, we carried out semi-structured in-person interviews with 30 German Internet users. Our analysis of these interviews enabled us to identity five folk theories – economic orientation theory, personal interaction theory, popularity theory, categorization theory, and algorithm…
Are byline biases an issue of the past? The effect of author’s gender and emotion norm prescriptions on the evaluation of news articles on gender equality
When female journalists write about issues of gender equality, they often become the target of incivility and their work is devaluated. Research has investigated such devaluations based on journalists’ gender under the scope of byline biases, analysing if it matters to readers whether a news piece is authored by a male or female journalist. In this paper, we set out to study if gender byline biases occur when journalists write about gender equali…
‘I’m still the master of the machine.’ Internet users’ awareness of algorithmic decision-making and their perception of its effect on their autonomy
Algorithms are an integral part of our everyday lives and shape the selection and presentation of information and communication on the internet. At the same time, media users are faced with a lack of control and transparency when interacting with these systems because algorithms largely remain black boxes to end users. Relying on the notion that algorithms are socio-technical systems that comprise both technical and human components, this paper e…
Disclosing Personal Information in mHealth Apps. Testing the Role of Privacy Attitudes, App Habits, and Social Norm Cues
Communication privacy research has employed a plethora of theoretical approaches to explain the information disclosing behavior of users. To explain information disclosure intentions in mHealth apps, this article integrates the attitude-behavior model of privacy decisions with approaches on the role of heuristics and the impact of habitual app use. Specifically, we examine the relationship between privacy attitudes, privacy concerns, app habits, …
Privacy and distance learning in turbulent times
The social distancing and lockdown measures enacted to address the COVID-19 pandemic entailed an unprecedented shift to digitally-mediated communication. The move to remote learning at schools was one of such important changes. Drawing on privacy and STS literature, we investigate the role of different privacy cultures during the initial moment of turbulence, when schools had to quickly adapt to remote teaching. To this end, we conducted semi-str…
Distribution and Reception of Conspiracy Theories and Mobilization Calls on Telegram. Combining Evidence from a Content Analysis and Survey During the Pandemic
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to an “infodemic” characterized by the widespread dissemination of conspiracy theories and calls for resistance against measures to combat the virus. Despite increased academic attention’s focus on conspiracy theories on Telegram, existing research has two major limitations: (1) a lack of combined examination of the distribution and reception of conspiracy theories, and (2) insufficient understanding of the r…
Political science (21 works) · Computer Science (19 works) · Psychology (19 works) · Social Psychology (14 works) · Social Media and Politics (12 works) · Internet privacy (11 works) · Sociology (11 works) · German (10 works) · Privacy, Security, and Data Protection (10 works) · Business (9 works)