James O’higgins Norman
Biographic Data
| ID | 4267070 |
|---|---|
| NAME | James O’higgins Norman |
| GIVEN NAMES | James O’higgins |
| FAMILY NAME | Norman |
| SIGNATURE | NORMAN J O |
| AFFILIATIONS | Dublin City University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0997-6942 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 14 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2016 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Enacting anti-bullying procedures in dynamic school environments: Insights from primary school principals in the Republic of Ireland
This paper explores how primary school principals in the Republic of Ireland engage with the Anti-Bullying Procedures for Primary and Post-Primary Schools (DES 2013b). Informed by theoretical literature on policy enactment, the paper illustrates the complex, context-dependent process of enactment. Through qualitative interviews with ten primary school principals, the research uncovers the challenges they face in enacting standardised anti-bullyin…
A systematic review of emerging technologies and their impact on adolescent well-being and religious identity
The rapid growth of emerging digital technologies is reshaping youth psychological well-being and religious identity in increasingly plural social contexts. This systematic review examines the impact of deepfakes, gaming, the metaverse, virtual reality, and chat applications on youth well-being, with particular attention to religion as both a protective factor and a target of digital harm. A PRISMA 2020-guided systematic review was conducted usin…
Bystander Responses on Online Homophobic Bullying Among Adolescents and Youth: A Scoping Review
Research shows online homophobia is a significant concern for LGBTQ+ adolescents and youth globally, with bystanders being recognized as important in bullying situations. However, there is a lack of literature on the role of bystanders in preventing online homophobic bullying, especially among adolescents and youth. The current scoping review aims to review existing peer-reviewed articles and gray literature from January 2000 to June 2025 that fo…
Bullying in Higher Education Institutions: Are LGBQ + Employees Bearing the Burden
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) advocate for equity, diversity and inclusion among students and staff. Yet, they are one of the business sectors with the highest levels of workplace bullying. Bullying can severely impact employee well‐being, with sexual minority employees being particularly vulnerable. Building on the Minority Stress Theory , this study examined the role of sexual orientation in the relationships of workplace bullying and cy…
Bystander behaviour online and anti-cyberbullying self-efficacy among a post primary school aged sample In Ireland
Emerging research suggests that the dynamics of bystander behaviour online is complex and nuanced. Some of this research has identified differences between online bystanders and non bystanders in intervening in online bullying when it is witnessed online. However, little research has investigated the extent to which self-efficacy beliefs could predict whether or not online bystanders are more likely to carry out cyberdefending or cyberpassive beh…
Navigating heteronormativity: A systematic review of LGBTQ+ educators’ experiences in educational settings
Despite some progress in creating more inclusive schooling environments, LGBTQ+ individuals still grapple with the persistence of heteronormativity, as reinforced through curricula, policies, and pedagogical practices. This qualitative systematic review synthesises international empirical research on how LGBTQ+ educators experience and navigate heteronormativity in early years, primary and secondary educational settings, utilising minority stress…
Digital Media Reporting on Online Grooming: A Framing Analysis of National Media Outlets in Ireland
International Perspectives on Migration, Bullying, and School: Implications for Schools, Refugees, and Migrants
Although education remains a key factor in receiving and integrating Newly Arrived Migrant Students (NAMS), local school practices differ among countries. This is particularly true regarding practices that schools adopt to involve parents of NAMS in the integration of their children into the school system. Literature in the field suggests that the more involved parents are in school life, the more successful integration is. However, school practi…
Witnessing bullying at work: Employee silence in higher education institutions
Workplace bullying is a widespread phenomenon within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Employee tendency to remain silent is one of the most common reactions to workplace bullying. Yet, employee silence in the context of workplace bullying is poorly studied. Building on the Conservation of Resources Theory (COR) and the Learned Helplessness Theory (LHT), this study investigated employee reluctance to take action when witnessing workplace bull…
Fuse anti-bullying and online safety programme: Measuring self-efficacy amongst post-primary students
‘FUSE’ is an anti-bullying and online safety programme developed to support schools in complying with the Action Plan Procedures (2013). Between 2019 and 2022, 56% of all Post-Primary Schools in Ireland registered for the programme. FUSE is designed to address two key concerns, (a) students tend not to report bullying, and (b) students are increasingly facing online risks. FUSE aims to increase student’s self-efficacy to recognise and report bull…
Happy or Unhappy? Mental Health Correlates of Receiving Sexts and Unsolicited Sexual Images
This study investigated the prevalence of receiving sexts among adolescents and its relationship with depressive symptoms and self-esteem. A survey was administered to 728 high school students in Sweden in 2019 and 2020 (50.4% girls and 46.4% boys) using a cross-sectional design. Findings showed that significantly more boys (28.4%) than girls (12.6%) reported having happily received a sexual picture, while significantly more girls (48.8%) than bo…
A Whole Education Approach to Inclusive Education: An Integrated Model to Guide Planning, Policy, and Provision
Inclusion is an important aspect of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in education. This article will discuss the significance of recent developments in the field of school-based bullying prevention and evaluate their applicability to the policy discourse of inclusive education. Both inclusive education and school-based bullying remain contested phenomena without a clear consensus regarding their definition or how to operationali…
Leveraging Ai-Based Interventions to Address Cyberbullying Among Children: A Rights-Based Perspective
One in three Internet users worldwide are children, and yet children are still insufficiently consulted on Internet governance-related matters as well as with respect to safety design decisions in online environments. Following the adoption of the general comment on the application of UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) in digital environments, this article presents the results of empirical research that solicited children’s input on…
Designing Ethical Artificial Intelligence (Ai) Systems With Meaningful Youth Participation: Implications and Considerations
While artificial intelligence (AI) enabled systems have shown impressive accuracy in detecting harmful content online, they are still not perfect and do not take into account the perspective of children in their design. The development of AI systems heavily relies on large datasets for training, and creating such datasets involves annotating vast amounts of data. Studies that involve children in dataset development also have their challenges, suc…
Sexting behaviour among adolescents: Do friendship quality and social competence matter
Sexting is fast becoming a common activity among adolescents, and an important issue of concern to adults. Previous literature suggests that the sending and/or receiving of sexual images, videos or texts within the peer network is a normative part of adolescent development. Much of the emerging work on sexting has focused on the peer network and emphasised that peer relationships are important contributing factors. Two under-studied elements in t…
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Based Cyberbullying Interventions From Youth Perspective
Cyberbullying on social media continues to pose a significant problem for children and young people, and platforms increasingly rely on artificial intelligence (AI) to address it. Nonetheless, little is known about children's views as to the effectiveness of AI-based interventions; and how these interventions impact their rights to protection, privacy, and freedom of expression, as afforded to them in the United Nations Convention on the Rights o…
Parental mediation in pandemic: Predictors and relationship with children's digital skills and time spent online in Ireland
During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing reliance on digital technology to carry out social, entertainment, work and school activities increased, which may have affected the ways in which parents mediated their children's digital technology use. Given the prominent role that digital technology will have in the future, it is important to investigate parent and child characteristics which impacted parental mediation of children's digital technol…
Bullied, bystanders, and perpetrators in the workplace: The role of empathy in teachers and school leaders' experiences
This study investigated the experiences of workplace bullying among primary and postprimary school staff in Ireland. A sample of 630 teachers and members of the Senior Management Team (SMT) completed an online survey inquiring about their own experiences of bullying in the workplace, as targets, bystanders, and perpetrators. Information about respondents' perspective taking, empathic concern, personal distress, and demographic background was also…
The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Bullying: A Comprehensive and International Review of Research and Intervention
“It's not just sexy pics”: An investigation into sexting behaviour and behavioural problems in adolescents
Sexting has been identified as an emerging online phenomenon among adolescents. However, research investigating its behavioural correlates and the sexting behaviours (i.e., sending and/or receiving) is still scarce. The present study investigated the association between different sexting behaviours and various behavioural problems among Irish adolescents. A sample of 848 students aged 15–18 participated in the study (Mage = 16.4 years). A self-re…
Online correlates of cyberhate involvement among young people from ten European countries: An application of the Routine Activity and Problem Behaviour Theory
Recent evidence shows that young people across Europe are encountering hateful content on the Internet. However, there is a lack of empirically tested theories and investigation of correlates that could help to understand young people's involvement in cyberhate. To fill this gap, the present study aims to test the Routine Activity Theory to explain cyberhate victimisation and the Problem Behaviour Theory to understand cyberhate perpetration. Part…
Blame and responsibility in the context of youth produced sexual imagery: The role of teacher empathy and rape myth acceptance
This study examined Pre-Service Teachers’ (PSTs; N = 92; 75% women, 25% men) tendency to blame students or to feel responsibility when confronted with different vignettes of the sharing of youth produced sexual images. Self-report measures of empathy and rape myth acceptance were collected. Findings showed that PSTs felt more responsible for girl targets depending on the vignette type. Moreover, they blamed the target more in the attention seekin…
Bullying by siblings and peers: Poly‐setting victimization and the association with problem behaviours and depression
BACKGROUND: In recent times, sibling bullying has emerged of interest to researchers concerned with the emotional and behavioural implications for victimization regardless of type and setting. AIMS: This research attempts to extend current knowledge on both peer and sibling bullying and to determine the effects of poly-setting victimization. This paper is concerned with the following objectives: (1) determining the current rate of bullying and vi…
Teacher Authority in Long-Lasting Cases of Bullying: A Qualitative Study from Norway and Ireland
A growing body of research shows a correlation between an authoritative school climate and lower levels of bullying. One objective of this study is to conceptualize authoritative intervention in bullying cases. A second goal is to explore whether, and how, the pupils, having experienced traditional and /or cyber victimization, perceive that the class teacher is demonstrating authoritative leadership when intervening in long-lasting cases of bully…
Bullying and cyberbullying studies in the school-aged population on the island of Ireland: A meta-analysis
BackgroundBullying research has gained a substantial amount of interest in recent years because of the implications for child and adolescent development.Aim and sampleWe conducted a meta-analysis of traditional and cyberbullying studies in the Republic and North of Ireland to gain an understanding of prevalence rates and associated issues (particularly psychological correlates and intervention strategies) among young people (primary and secondary…
Cyberbullying, conflict management or just messing? Teenage girls’ understandings and experiences of gender, friendship, and conflict on Facebook in an Irish second-level school
In recent years, there have been growing concerns worldwide about young people’s safety online, much of which focuses on social media sites such as Facebook and Instagram. Moral panics about sexting and cyberbullying have constructed public discourses about social media as dangerous to adolescents’ safety and relationships. In the academic literature, there are conflicting perspectives on the nature of online relationships, behaviour, and risks, …
Bullying and cyberbullying studies in the school-aged population on the island of Ireland: A meta-analysis
BackgroundBullying research has gained a substantial amount of interest in recent years because of the implications for child and adolescent development.Aim and sampleWe conducted a meta-analysis of traditional and cyberbullying studies in the Republic and North of Ireland to gain an understanding of prevalence rates and associated issues (particularly psychological correlates and intervention strategies) among young people (primary and secondary…
Blame and responsibility in the context of youth produced sexual imagery: The role of teacher empathy and rape myth acceptance
This study examined Pre-Service Teachers’ (PSTs; N = 92; 75% women, 25% men) tendency to blame students or to feel responsibility when confronted with different vignettes of the sharing of youth produced sexual images. Self-report measures of empathy and rape myth acceptance were collected. Findings showed that PSTs felt more responsible for girl targets depending on the vignette type. Moreover, they blamed the target more in the attention seekin…
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Based Cyberbullying Interventions From Youth Perspective
Cyberbullying on social media continues to pose a significant problem for children and young people, and platforms increasingly rely on artificial intelligence (AI) to address it. Nonetheless, little is known about children's views as to the effectiveness of AI-based interventions; and how these interventions impact their rights to protection, privacy, and freedom of expression, as afforded to them in the United Nations Convention on the Rights o…
Bullying by siblings and peers: Poly‐setting victimization and the association with problem behaviours and depression
BACKGROUND: In recent times, sibling bullying has emerged of interest to researchers concerned with the emotional and behavioural implications for victimization regardless of type and setting. AIMS: This research attempts to extend current knowledge on both peer and sibling bullying and to determine the effects of poly-setting victimization. This paper is concerned with the following objectives: (1) determining the current rate of bullying and vi…
Cyberbullying, conflict management or just messing? Teenage girls’ understandings and experiences of gender, friendship, and conflict on Facebook in an Irish second-level school
In recent years, there have been growing concerns worldwide about young people’s safety online, much of which focuses on social media sites such as Facebook and Instagram. Moral panics about sexting and cyberbullying have constructed public discourses about social media as dangerous to adolescents’ safety and relationships. In the academic literature, there are conflicting perspectives on the nature of online relationships, behaviour, and risks, …
Bullying and cyberbullying studies in the school-aged population on the island of Ireland: A meta-analysis
BackgroundBullying research has gained a substantial amount of interest in recent years because of the implications for child and adolescent development.Aim and sampleWe conducted a meta-analysis of traditional and cyberbullying studies in the Republic and North of Ireland to gain an understanding of prevalence rates and associated issues (particularly psychological correlates and intervention strategies) among young people (primary and secondary…
Teacher Authority in Long-Lasting Cases of Bullying: A Qualitative Study from Norway and Ireland
A growing body of research shows a correlation between an authoritative school climate and lower levels of bullying. One objective of this study is to conceptualize authoritative intervention in bullying cases. A second goal is to explore whether, and how, the pupils, having experienced traditional and /or cyber victimization, perceive that the class teacher is demonstrating authoritative leadership when intervening in long-lasting cases of bully…
Bullying by siblings and peers: Poly‐setting victimization and the association with problem behaviours and depression
BACKGROUND: In recent times, sibling bullying has emerged of interest to researchers concerned with the emotional and behavioural implications for victimization regardless of type and setting. AIMS: This research attempts to extend current knowledge on both peer and sibling bullying and to determine the effects of poly-setting victimization. This paper is concerned with the following objectives: (1) determining the current rate of bullying and vi…
The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Bullying: A Comprehensive and International Review of Research and Intervention
“It's not just sexy pics”: An investigation into sexting behaviour and behavioural problems in adolescents
Sexting has been identified as an emerging online phenomenon among adolescents. However, research investigating its behavioural correlates and the sexting behaviours (i.e., sending and/or receiving) is still scarce. The present study investigated the association between different sexting behaviours and various behavioural problems among Irish adolescents. A sample of 848 students aged 15–18 participated in the study (Mage = 16.4 years). A self-re…
Online correlates of cyberhate involvement among young people from ten European countries: An application of the Routine Activity and Problem Behaviour Theory
Recent evidence shows that young people across Europe are encountering hateful content on the Internet. However, there is a lack of empirically tested theories and investigation of correlates that could help to understand young people's involvement in cyberhate. To fill this gap, the present study aims to test the Routine Activity Theory to explain cyberhate victimisation and the Problem Behaviour Theory to understand cyberhate perpetration. Part…
Blame and responsibility in the context of youth produced sexual imagery: The role of teacher empathy and rape myth acceptance
This study examined Pre-Service Teachers’ (PSTs; N = 92; 75% women, 25% men) tendency to blame students or to feel responsibility when confronted with different vignettes of the sharing of youth produced sexual images. Self-report measures of empathy and rape myth acceptance were collected. Findings showed that PSTs felt more responsible for girl targets depending on the vignette type. Moreover, they blamed the target more in the attention seekin…
Parental mediation in pandemic: Predictors and relationship with children's digital skills and time spent online in Ireland
During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing reliance on digital technology to carry out social, entertainment, work and school activities increased, which may have affected the ways in which parents mediated their children's digital technology use. Given the prominent role that digital technology will have in the future, it is important to investigate parent and child characteristics which impacted parental mediation of children's digital technol…
Bullied, bystanders, and perpetrators in the workplace: The role of empathy in teachers and school leaders' experiences
This study investigated the experiences of workplace bullying among primary and postprimary school staff in Ireland. A sample of 630 teachers and members of the Senior Management Team (SMT) completed an online survey inquiring about their own experiences of bullying in the workplace, as targets, bystanders, and perpetrators. Information about respondents' perspective taking, empathic concern, personal distress, and demographic background was also…
A Whole Education Approach to Inclusive Education: An Integrated Model to Guide Planning, Policy, and Provision
Inclusion is an important aspect of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in education. This article will discuss the significance of recent developments in the field of school-based bullying prevention and evaluate their applicability to the policy discourse of inclusive education. Both inclusive education and school-based bullying remain contested phenomena without a clear consensus regarding their definition or how to operationali…
Leveraging Ai-Based Interventions to Address Cyberbullying Among Children: A Rights-Based Perspective
One in three Internet users worldwide are children, and yet children are still insufficiently consulted on Internet governance-related matters as well as with respect to safety design decisions in online environments. Following the adoption of the general comment on the application of UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) in digital environments, this article presents the results of empirical research that solicited children’s input on…
Designing Ethical Artificial Intelligence (Ai) Systems With Meaningful Youth Participation: Implications and Considerations
While artificial intelligence (AI) enabled systems have shown impressive accuracy in detecting harmful content online, they are still not perfect and do not take into account the perspective of children in their design. The development of AI systems heavily relies on large datasets for training, and creating such datasets involves annotating vast amounts of data. Studies that involve children in dataset development also have their challenges, suc…
Sexting behaviour among adolescents: Do friendship quality and social competence matter
Sexting is fast becoming a common activity among adolescents, and an important issue of concern to adults. Previous literature suggests that the sending and/or receiving of sexual images, videos or texts within the peer network is a normative part of adolescent development. Much of the emerging work on sexting has focused on the peer network and emphasised that peer relationships are important contributing factors. Two under-studied elements in t…
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Based Cyberbullying Interventions From Youth Perspective
Cyberbullying on social media continues to pose a significant problem for children and young people, and platforms increasingly rely on artificial intelligence (AI) to address it. Nonetheless, little is known about children's views as to the effectiveness of AI-based interventions; and how these interventions impact their rights to protection, privacy, and freedom of expression, as afforded to them in the United Nations Convention on the Rights o…
International Perspectives on Migration, Bullying, and School: Implications for Schools, Refugees, and Migrants
Although education remains a key factor in receiving and integrating Newly Arrived Migrant Students (NAMS), local school practices differ among countries. This is particularly true regarding practices that schools adopt to involve parents of NAMS in the integration of their children into the school system. Literature in the field suggests that the more involved parents are in school life, the more successful integration is. However, school practi…
Witnessing bullying at work: Employee silence in higher education institutions
Workplace bullying is a widespread phenomenon within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Employee tendency to remain silent is one of the most common reactions to workplace bullying. Yet, employee silence in the context of workplace bullying is poorly studied. Building on the Conservation of Resources Theory (COR) and the Learned Helplessness Theory (LHT), this study investigated employee reluctance to take action when witnessing workplace bull…
Fuse anti-bullying and online safety programme: Measuring self-efficacy amongst post-primary students
‘FUSE’ is an anti-bullying and online safety programme developed to support schools in complying with the Action Plan Procedures (2013). Between 2019 and 2022, 56% of all Post-Primary Schools in Ireland registered for the programme. FUSE is designed to address two key concerns, (a) students tend not to report bullying, and (b) students are increasingly facing online risks. FUSE aims to increase student’s self-efficacy to recognise and report bull…
Happy or Unhappy? Mental Health Correlates of Receiving Sexts and Unsolicited Sexual Images
This study investigated the prevalence of receiving sexts among adolescents and its relationship with depressive symptoms and self-esteem. A survey was administered to 728 high school students in Sweden in 2019 and 2020 (50.4% girls and 46.4% boys) using a cross-sectional design. Findings showed that significantly more boys (28.4%) than girls (12.6%) reported having happily received a sexual picture, while significantly more girls (48.8%) than bo…
Bullying in Higher Education Institutions: Are LGBQ + Employees Bearing the Burden
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) advocate for equity, diversity and inclusion among students and staff. Yet, they are one of the business sectors with the highest levels of workplace bullying. Bullying can severely impact employee well‐being, with sexual minority employees being particularly vulnerable. Building on the Minority Stress Theory , this study examined the role of sexual orientation in the relationships of workplace bullying and cy…
Bystander behaviour online and anti-cyberbullying self-efficacy among a post primary school aged sample In Ireland
Emerging research suggests that the dynamics of bystander behaviour online is complex and nuanced. Some of this research has identified differences between online bystanders and non bystanders in intervening in online bullying when it is witnessed online. However, little research has investigated the extent to which self-efficacy beliefs could predict whether or not online bystanders are more likely to carry out cyberdefending or cyberpassive beh…
Navigating heteronormativity: A systematic review of LGBTQ+ educators’ experiences in educational settings
Despite some progress in creating more inclusive schooling environments, LGBTQ+ individuals still grapple with the persistence of heteronormativity, as reinforced through curricula, policies, and pedagogical practices. This qualitative systematic review synthesises international empirical research on how LGBTQ+ educators experience and navigate heteronormativity in early years, primary and secondary educational settings, utilising minority stress…
Digital Media Reporting on Online Grooming: A Framing Analysis of National Media Outlets in Ireland
Enacting anti-bullying procedures in dynamic school environments: Insights from primary school principals in the Republic of Ireland
This paper explores how primary school principals in the Republic of Ireland engage with the Anti-Bullying Procedures for Primary and Post-Primary Schools (DES 2013b). Informed by theoretical literature on policy enactment, the paper illustrates the complex, context-dependent process of enactment. Through qualitative interviews with ten primary school principals, the research uncovers the challenges they face in enacting standardised anti-bullyin…
A systematic review of emerging technologies and their impact on adolescent well-being and religious identity
The rapid growth of emerging digital technologies is reshaping youth psychological well-being and religious identity in increasingly plural social contexts. This systematic review examines the impact of deepfakes, gaming, the metaverse, virtual reality, and chat applications on youth well-being, with particular attention to religion as both a protective factor and a target of digital harm. A PRISMA 2020-guided systematic review was conducted usin…
Psychology (20 works) · Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression (11 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Developmental psychology (8 works) · Medicine (8 works) · Political science (8 works) · Poison control (7 works) · Child Development and Digital Technology (6 works) · Gender, Feminism, and Media (6 works) · Clinical Psychology (5 works)