Nicholas Lord
Biographic Data
| ID | 4405145 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Nicholas Lord |
| GIVEN NAMES | Nicholas |
| FAMILY NAME | Lord |
| SIGNATURE | LORD N |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Manchester |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5922-707X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 8 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2013 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Organising White-Collar and Corporate Crimes
This book explores how we can re-constitute our approach to analysing and empirically investigating the organisation of white-collar and corporate crimes, with a view to building fuller theoretical and empirical accounts. The work demonstrates how knowledge can be produced and systematised within a conceptual and analytical framework concerned with understanding how such crimes are organised, why they are organised as they are, who gets involved …
Variably Legal Markets
The market contexts and dynamics of recurring, illegal/criminal exchanges of goods and services have long been scrutinized within criminology and other disciplines. However, the associated literatures (bar some notable exceptions) are beset by several unresolved issues, specifically (1) unsatisfactory conceptualization of key terms (i.e. ‘market’, ‘crime’, ‘illegality’), (2) an imbalanced focus of inquiry (excessively on few criminal markets) and…
The Network Architecture of Anti-money Laundering
This article explores the UK’s anti-money laundering (AML) regime using social network analysis to examine the structural and relational dynamics of organisations engaged in policy, enforcement and supervision. It identifies two distinct but interrelated dimensions: strategic and tactical. Some actors engage in both, but one type of relationship does not determine the other, implying functional specialisation. Specialisation allows tailored mecha…
When Business Breaks the Rules
This article argues that if the aspiration is to enhance regulatory and governance responses to white‐collar and corporate crimes, consideration of the organization of these offending behaviors must be central to the scholarly, practice, and policy discussion. Regulation and governance scholarship has thrived as a field of study in its contributions to the theories and practices of regulation (and regulators) but has backgrounded the dynamics of …
Enhancing corporate accountability through covert situational integrity testing (CSIT)
This article explores the potential of ‘covert situational integrity testing’ as a mechanism for assessing corporate/organisational compliance with legal rules and standards, the goal being to enhance corporate/organisational accountability. There are major challenges to holding corporations/organisations to account for non-compliance: low detection levels, incomplete understanding of the inner workings of organisations, and the modest power of c…
Dare to share
The UK’s approach to combating money laundering extends beyond traditional enforcement authorities, encompassing diverse regulated entities mandated to monitor and share intelligence on suspected laundering activities. This study examines the UK’s Anti-Money Laundering (AML) nodal institutional architecture, focusing on the significance of information-sharing mechanisms and structures among law enforcement, public institutions, and private entiti…
Nelen, H. (2022) Ostrageous
Understanding the organisational structure of fisheries crime in well-regulated fisheries
Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing is recognised as a global environmental, economic, and social problem, taking place in all kinds of fisheries. Preventing it is however difficult and there is a continuous need to expand the knowledge base on how the issue can be addressed. In this article we study fisheries crime from an environmental criminology approach by conducting a crime script analyses to describe the organisational struct…
Prosecution Deferred, Prosecution Exempt
Nation-states face regulatory and enforcement dilemmas when dealing with corporations operating in international commerce that are implicated in the bribery of foreign public officials. As part of the regulatory landscape, non-trial resolutions, and Deferred Prosecution Agreements (DPAs) specifically, have emerged as a prominent method for gaining leverage against major implicated corporations. This article analyses how judges in England and Wale…
Food crimes, food harms and the food system – SI introduction
Fault lines of food fraud
Following major criminal cases in the food system, such as the Horsemeat and fipronil egg scandals, the phenomenon of food fraud has emerged as a priority concern for supranational (e.g. European Union) and domestic policymakers and regulatory authorities. Alongside this, there is increasing interest from academics working in both the natural and social sciences (but rarely together), where we see common and overlapping objectives but varied disc…
When do businesses report cybercrime? Findings from a UK study
Although it is known that businesses report cybercrime to public authorities at a low rate, and this hinders prevention strategies, there is a lack of research on companies’ decisions to report cyber victimisation. This paper analyses the UK Cyber Security Breaches Survey to explore factors associated with cybercrime reporting by businesses. Results indicate that the type of cybercrime is relevant to the reporting decision, and that the likelihoo…
The financial aspects of human trafficking
This article presents a framework for analysing, assessing and systematising the varying financial aspects of human trafficking. We analysed 378 human trafficking cases, scrutinising police case file data to determine patterns and scenarios of associated financial aspects and transactions and corroborating these with police analysts. Our contributions are threefold: (1) to demonstrate the feasibility of analysing the before, during and after fina…
Other People’s Dirty Money
This article analyses the market dynamics of the misuse of ‘corporate vehicles’ in the management of finances generated from, and for, organized, white-collar and corporate crimes. The term ‘corporate vehicles’ is a policy construct used to refer to legitimate, legal structures, like trusts and companies, that facilitate a range of commercial activities. Such vehicles also provide opportunities for those involved in serious crimes for gain to con…
Corruption in Commercial Enterprise
This chapter takes the typical form of a scientific paper based on an empirical study: Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion. The chapter aims to contribute in several ways to the growing body of knowledge on organizational corruption. The core purpose is to assess the plausibility of a causal relationship between organizational anti-corruption measures, bonus culture and corruption within the context of organizations. To my knowledge, thi…
The dynamics of food fraud
This article conceptualizes ‘food fraud’ by shifting analytical focus away from popular/policy conceptions foregrounding the centrality of organized crime towards understanding the factors that shape the organization of food frauds. We argue that food fraud, rather than being an ‘exogenous’ phenomenon perpetrated by externally organized (transnational) ‘criminal enterprise’, is better understood as an ‘endogenous’ phenomenon within the food syste…
Regulating Corporate Bribery in International Business
This book is about the regulation of corporations that use bribery in international commerce to win or maintain overseas business contracts and interests. Recent large-scale cases involving multinational corporations demonstrate how large commercial ’non-criminal’ enterprises are being implicated in substantive overseas bribery scandals and illustrate the difficulties faced by responsible enforcement authorities in the UK and Germany. The book im…
Establishing enforcement legitimacy in the pursuit of rule-breaking ‘global elites’
This article develops an analytical framework for analysing the legitimacy of law enforcement responses towards rule-breaking ‘global elites’, in particular multi-national corporations implicated in transnational corporate bribery. While international anti-bribery laws and norms converge cross-jurisdictionally, enforcement contexts and responses can diverge formally creating dilemmas over how to establish the relative legitimacy of different enfo…
Detecting and investigating transnational corporate bribery in centralised and decentralised enforcement systems
This article analyses how two contrasting enforcement systems, those of the UK (centralised) and Germany (decentralised), go about detecting and investigating transnational corporate bribery and corruption. Comparing these practices in contrasting systems is a useful empirical focus as both jurisdictions inhabit similar institutional contexts for corporate bribery (e.g. relatively strong western European economies, fellow members of the EU/G8, su…
Responding to transnational corporate bribery using international frameworks for enforcement
Transnational corporate bribery is complexly organized at a multi-jurisdictional level. However, enforcement remains at the local, national level where investigators and prosecutors are pressured to respond using frameworks for enforcement created by intergovernmental organizations. These legal frameworks are incorporated into national laws which result in legal convergence between jurisdictions but the ‘functional equivalence’ approach of interg…
Other People’s Dirty Money
This article analyses the market dynamics of the misuse of ‘corporate vehicles’ in the management of finances generated from, and for, organized, white-collar and corporate crimes. The term ‘corporate vehicles’ is a policy construct used to refer to legitimate, legal structures, like trusts and companies, that facilitate a range of commercial activities. Such vehicles also provide opportunities for those involved in serious crimes for gain to con…
Dare to share
The UK’s approach to combating money laundering extends beyond traditional enforcement authorities, encompassing diverse regulated entities mandated to monitor and share intelligence on suspected laundering activities. This study examines the UK’s Anti-Money Laundering (AML) nodal institutional architecture, focusing on the significance of information-sharing mechanisms and structures among law enforcement, public institutions, and private entiti…
Prosecution Deferred, Prosecution Exempt
Nation-states face regulatory and enforcement dilemmas when dealing with corporations operating in international commerce that are implicated in the bribery of foreign public officials. As part of the regulatory landscape, non-trial resolutions, and Deferred Prosecution Agreements (DPAs) specifically, have emerged as a prominent method for gaining leverage against major implicated corporations. This article analyses how judges in England and Wale…
The financial aspects of human trafficking
This article presents a framework for analysing, assessing and systematising the varying financial aspects of human trafficking. We analysed 378 human trafficking cases, scrutinising police case file data to determine patterns and scenarios of associated financial aspects and transactions and corroborating these with police analysts. Our contributions are threefold: (1) to demonstrate the feasibility of analysing the before, during and after fina…
The dynamics of food fraud
This article conceptualizes ‘food fraud’ by shifting analytical focus away from popular/policy conceptions foregrounding the centrality of organized crime towards understanding the factors that shape the organization of food frauds. We argue that food fraud, rather than being an ‘exogenous’ phenomenon perpetrated by externally organized (transnational) ‘criminal enterprise’, is better understood as an ‘endogenous’ phenomenon within the food syste…
Detecting and investigating transnational corporate bribery in centralised and decentralised enforcement systems
This article analyses how two contrasting enforcement systems, those of the UK (centralised) and Germany (decentralised), go about detecting and investigating transnational corporate bribery and corruption. Comparing these practices in contrasting systems is a useful empirical focus as both jurisdictions inhabit similar institutional contexts for corporate bribery (e.g. relatively strong western European economies, fellow members of the EU/G8, su…
Responding to transnational corporate bribery using international frameworks for enforcement
Transnational corporate bribery is complexly organized at a multi-jurisdictional level. However, enforcement remains at the local, national level where investigators and prosecutors are pressured to respond using frameworks for enforcement created by intergovernmental organizations. These legal frameworks are incorporated into national laws which result in legal convergence between jurisdictions but the ‘functional equivalence’ approach of interg…
Responding to transnational corporate bribery using international frameworks for enforcement
Transnational corporate bribery is complexly organized at a multi-jurisdictional level. However, enforcement remains at the local, national level where investigators and prosecutors are pressured to respond using frameworks for enforcement created by intergovernmental organizations. These legal frameworks are incorporated into national laws which result in legal convergence between jurisdictions but the ‘functional equivalence’ approach of interg…
Detecting and investigating transnational corporate bribery in centralised and decentralised enforcement systems
This article analyses how two contrasting enforcement systems, those of the UK (centralised) and Germany (decentralised), go about detecting and investigating transnational corporate bribery and corruption. Comparing these practices in contrasting systems is a useful empirical focus as both jurisdictions inhabit similar institutional contexts for corporate bribery (e.g. relatively strong western European economies, fellow members of the EU/G8, su…
Establishing enforcement legitimacy in the pursuit of rule-breaking ‘global elites’
This article develops an analytical framework for analysing the legitimacy of law enforcement responses towards rule-breaking ‘global elites’, in particular multi-national corporations implicated in transnational corporate bribery. While international anti-bribery laws and norms converge cross-jurisdictionally, enforcement contexts and responses can diverge formally creating dilemmas over how to establish the relative legitimacy of different enfo…
Regulating Corporate Bribery in International Business
This book is about the regulation of corporations that use bribery in international commerce to win or maintain overseas business contracts and interests. Recent large-scale cases involving multinational corporations demonstrate how large commercial ’non-criminal’ enterprises are being implicated in substantive overseas bribery scandals and illustrate the difficulties faced by responsible enforcement authorities in the UK and Germany. The book im…
The dynamics of food fraud
This article conceptualizes ‘food fraud’ by shifting analytical focus away from popular/policy conceptions foregrounding the centrality of organized crime towards understanding the factors that shape the organization of food frauds. We argue that food fraud, rather than being an ‘exogenous’ phenomenon perpetrated by externally organized (transnational) ‘criminal enterprise’, is better understood as an ‘endogenous’ phenomenon within the food syste…
Corruption in Commercial Enterprise
This chapter takes the typical form of a scientific paper based on an empirical study: Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion. The chapter aims to contribute in several ways to the growing body of knowledge on organizational corruption. The core purpose is to assess the plausibility of a causal relationship between organizational anti-corruption measures, bonus culture and corruption within the context of organizations. To my knowledge, thi…
Other People’s Dirty Money
This article analyses the market dynamics of the misuse of ‘corporate vehicles’ in the management of finances generated from, and for, organized, white-collar and corporate crimes. The term ‘corporate vehicles’ is a policy construct used to refer to legitimate, legal structures, like trusts and companies, that facilitate a range of commercial activities. Such vehicles also provide opportunities for those involved in serious crimes for gain to con…
The financial aspects of human trafficking
This article presents a framework for analysing, assessing and systematising the varying financial aspects of human trafficking. We analysed 378 human trafficking cases, scrutinising police case file data to determine patterns and scenarios of associated financial aspects and transactions and corroborating these with police analysts. Our contributions are threefold: (1) to demonstrate the feasibility of analysing the before, during and after fina…
When do businesses report cybercrime? Findings from a UK study
Although it is known that businesses report cybercrime to public authorities at a low rate, and this hinders prevention strategies, there is a lack of research on companies’ decisions to report cyber victimisation. This paper analyses the UK Cyber Security Breaches Survey to explore factors associated with cybercrime reporting by businesses. Results indicate that the type of cybercrime is relevant to the reporting decision, and that the likelihoo…
Food crimes, food harms and the food system – SI introduction
Fault lines of food fraud
Following major criminal cases in the food system, such as the Horsemeat and fipronil egg scandals, the phenomenon of food fraud has emerged as a priority concern for supranational (e.g. European Union) and domestic policymakers and regulatory authorities. Alongside this, there is increasing interest from academics working in both the natural and social sciences (but rarely together), where we see common and overlapping objectives but varied disc…
Nelen, H. (2022) Ostrageous
Understanding the organisational structure of fisheries crime in well-regulated fisheries
Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing is recognised as a global environmental, economic, and social problem, taking place in all kinds of fisheries. Preventing it is however difficult and there is a continuous need to expand the knowledge base on how the issue can be addressed. In this article we study fisheries crime from an environmental criminology approach by conducting a crime script analyses to describe the organisational struct…
Prosecution Deferred, Prosecution Exempt
Nation-states face regulatory and enforcement dilemmas when dealing with corporations operating in international commerce that are implicated in the bribery of foreign public officials. As part of the regulatory landscape, non-trial resolutions, and Deferred Prosecution Agreements (DPAs) specifically, have emerged as a prominent method for gaining leverage against major implicated corporations. This article analyses how judges in England and Wale…
Enhancing corporate accountability through covert situational integrity testing (CSIT)
This article explores the potential of ‘covert situational integrity testing’ as a mechanism for assessing corporate/organisational compliance with legal rules and standards, the goal being to enhance corporate/organisational accountability. There are major challenges to holding corporations/organisations to account for non-compliance: low detection levels, incomplete understanding of the inner workings of organisations, and the modest power of c…
Dare to share
The UK’s approach to combating money laundering extends beyond traditional enforcement authorities, encompassing diverse regulated entities mandated to monitor and share intelligence on suspected laundering activities. This study examines the UK’s Anti-Money Laundering (AML) nodal institutional architecture, focusing on the significance of information-sharing mechanisms and structures among law enforcement, public institutions, and private entiti…
Organising White-Collar and Corporate Crimes
This book explores how we can re-constitute our approach to analysing and empirically investigating the organisation of white-collar and corporate crimes, with a view to building fuller theoretical and empirical accounts. The work demonstrates how knowledge can be produced and systematised within a conceptual and analytical framework concerned with understanding how such crimes are organised, why they are organised as they are, who gets involved …
Variably Legal Markets
The market contexts and dynamics of recurring, illegal/criminal exchanges of goods and services have long been scrutinized within criminology and other disciplines. However, the associated literatures (bar some notable exceptions) are beset by several unresolved issues, specifically (1) unsatisfactory conceptualization of key terms (i.e. ‘market’, ‘crime’, ‘illegality’), (2) an imbalanced focus of inquiry (excessively on few criminal markets) and…
The Network Architecture of Anti-money Laundering
This article explores the UK’s anti-money laundering (AML) regime using social network analysis to examine the structural and relational dynamics of organisations engaged in policy, enforcement and supervision. It identifies two distinct but interrelated dimensions: strategic and tactical. Some actors engage in both, but one type of relationship does not determine the other, implying functional specialisation. Specialisation allows tailored mecha…
When Business Breaks the Rules
This article argues that if the aspiration is to enhance regulatory and governance responses to white‐collar and corporate crimes, consideration of the organization of these offending behaviors must be central to the scholarly, practice, and policy discussion. Regulation and governance scholarship has thrived as a field of study in its contributions to the theories and practices of regulation (and regulators) but has backgrounded the dynamics of …
Business (16 works) · Political science (15 works) · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance (13 works) · Law (11 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses (8 works) · Corruption and Economic Development (7 works) · Law and economics (7 works) · Public relations (7 works) · Economics (6 works)