William G Dixon
Biographic Data
| ID | 4411745 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William G Dixon |
| GIVEN NAMES | William G |
| FAMILY NAME | Dixon |
| SIGNATURE | DIXON W G |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Arizona |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5881-4857 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1327 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 38 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 17 |
Strategies to optimise the health equity impact of digital pain self-reporting tools: A series of multi-stakeholder focus groups
Linked to people's personal and social characteristics, there are equity-based considerations for developing accessible digital pain self-reporting tools, as well as resources and skills to enable the adoption and use of these tools among priority groups. Future research should focus on implementing these equity-based considerations or strategies identified by our study and monitoring their impact on the health equity of people living with chroni…
Thomas Chalmers: The Market, Moral Conduct, and Social Order
Combining elements of Adam Smith's third-party perspective with the evangelical view of life as a trial, Thomas Chalmers argued for a market-based social order. The viability of this order would depend on the capacity to develop character in response to the choices made possible by the market itself. Character could replace administrative interventions. Chalmers saw well-intentioned administration, especially with respect to the poor laws, as bot…
Sentimentality, communicative action and the social self: Adam Smith meets Jürgen Habermas
There is a long and tortuous history of misinterpreting Smithian social theory. After rehearsing that history we offer here a way of understanding Smith that, unlike much of recent revisionist Smith scholarship, does not further add to this confusion. Our proposal is to understand the relation between moral and economic behaviour in Smith as analogous to the way in which Habermas makes strategic (and normatively oriented) behaviour parasitic on a…
Means and ends: The idea of capital in the west, 1500-1970 - By Francesco Boldizzoni
Ricardo: Economic Thought and Social Order
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Homo Economicus Meets G. H. Mead: A Contribution to the Critique of Economic Theory
A bstract . The relation between economic behavior and morality remains a live issue within economics and cognate disciplines. The standard view among economists themselves has been that while moral positions (understood broadly) may motivate our behavior, they do not capacitate or enable it. On this view the figure of Homo economicus , representing the how as against the why of our actions, must be understood as resolutely amoral. In this articl…
Das Adam Smith Problem: A Critical Realist Perspective
The old Das Adam Smith Problem is no longer tenable. Few today believe that Smith postulates two contradictory principles of human action: one in the Wealth of Nations and another in the Theory of Moral Sentiments. Nevertheless, an Adam Smith problem of sorts endures: there is still no widely agreed version of what it is that links these two texts, aside from their common author; no widely agreed version of how, if at all, Smith's postulation of …
Das Adam Smith Problem: A critical realist perspective
Founded in 1683 in Leiden, the Netherlands, Brill is a leading international academic publisher in the Humanities, Social Sciences, International Law, and Biology. With offices in the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, the USA and Asia, Brill today publishes more than 360 journals and 2,000 new books and reference works each year as well as a large number of databases and primary source research collections
Third-Party Intermediaries and Negotiated Settlements, 1946–2000
Past studies regarding the success and/or failure of conflict management activities have brought about a wide range of results. In this paper we attempt to gain more definitive conclusions about effectiveness by accomplishing two tasks. First, using a basic theoretical framework we identify expectations of efficacy as they relate to differences between states, coalitions, and IGOs. Second, we also examine the utility of different conflict managem…
In Memoriam - Conrad Joyner
Conrad Joyner, an astute observer, gifted teacher, and effective practitioner of the art of politics, passed away February 8, 2005, in Tucson, Arizona. Born October 21, 1931, he graduated from Earlham College in 1953 and received his Ph.D. from the University of Florida in 1957. He taught political science at West Virginia University and the University of Southwestern Louisiana before arriving at the University of Arizona in 1961 for what would t…
Danger Beyond Dyads: Third-Party Participants in Militarized Interstate Disputes
Stuart Bremer often reminded us that third parties—directly or indirectly—affect the initiation, evolution, and termination of conflict. He encouraged scholars to research the phenomenon of joining behavior further and personally investigated it. Questions about joining behavior are indeed deeply intertwined with a variety of theories of conflict. However, existing records on third-party interventions are limited to states' military involvement i…
Multilateralism, Major Powers, and Militarized Disputes
Multilateralism, Major Powers, and Militarized Disputes
American foreign policy has been animated by public debate between multilateralism and unilateralism in recent years. Some strains of traditional realist thinking suggest that major powers like the U.S. will naturally tend to be less enamored of multilateral action precisely because they possess the capabilities to engage a wider range of unilateral options and they face fewer structural limitations than other states. We empirically investigate t…
Commercial Liberalism on Trial
In his 2003 commencement address at the University of South Carolina, US President George Bush surprised many observers by proposing the “establishment of a US-Middle East free trade area within a decade.” Does the president agree with traditional economic liberals that expanded trade will bring peace, even to that sorely troubled region? He would not if he accepted the counsel of Katherine Barbieri. Her new book, The Liberal Illusion, gives away…
Democracy, Disputes, and Negotiated Settlements
The argument that democracies are less belligerent toward one another because of their experience with mediation, negotiation, and compromise at the domestic level suggests that negotiated dispute settlements are more likely between relatively democratic states than other conflicting pairs. Militarized Interstate Dispute data and Polity IIId and Freedom House ratings of democracy are used to examine the propensities of disputants to resolve their…
Third-party techniques for preventing conflict escalation and promoting peaceful settlement
Although agents employ a wide range of conflict management techniques in practice, scholars have evaluated only a few of these. A more complete empirical analysis of the spectrum of third-party procedures used to manage international crises reveals that two techniques in particular are most effective: mediation efforts and third-party activities to open or maintain lines of communication. The endpoints of preventing escalation and promoting peace…
Democracy and the Peaceful Settlement of International Conflict
The research reported here develops an explanation for the often-noted absence of international war between democratic states. This explanation is derived from a theoretical rationale centered on universal democratic norms for reconciling competing values and interests. I argue that democratic states locked in disputes are better equipped than others with the means for diffusing conflict situations at an early stage before they have an opportunit…
Political Similarity and American Foreign Trade Patterns
International economic flows have become an increasingly prominent component of both international relations and domestic politics over the last two decades. Even though politically motivated governments have played a growing role in shaping these transactions, empirical studies have largely ignored the political determinants of international trade patterns. This study addresses that important gap in our understanding of the international politic…
Democracy and the Management of International Conflict
The research reported here extends investigation of the democracy-war hypothesis by focusing on the norms of dispute resolution integral to the democratic process. If we extend these norms to the international arena, then it becomes reasonable to expect democratic states to adopt compromise solutions to international problems. One implication of this logic is that democracies are likely to be more amenable than others to efforts of third parties …
Marx's Theory of Rebellion: A Cross-National Analysis of Class Exploitation, Economic Development, and Violent Revolt
Bien que tres critiquee, la theorie de Marx sur la revolte n'a pas ete evaluee directement dans des recherches internationales. L'echec des revolutions proletariennes dans les pays developpes a discredite les predictions de Marx. Des etudes recentes internationales sur la revolte et la violence politique ont montre l'effet positif du developpement economique sur la rebellion, l'effet des inegalites de revenu et de la democratie politique. Les AA.…
Inequality and Political Violence Revisited
In their 1987 article in this Review, Muller and Seligson used logged ordinary least-squares (LOLS) to estimate the effect of income inequality on cross-national levels of deaths by political violence. T. Y. Wang challenges the robustness of the main conclusion and argues for the application of a maximum likelihood approach-the exponential Poisson regression (EPR) model-rather than LOLS. He concludes that the widely used LOLS approach yields misl…
Presidential Succession and the Cold War: An Analysis of Soviet-American Relations, 1948-1988
This study examines the effects of presidential succession on selected patterns of American foreign policy behavior. Our empirical test case consists of the principal foreign policy preoccupation of the last eight presidencies--diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. This examination is conducted in the context of a partial theory of dynamic foreign policy interaction which serves as a kind of theoretical template through which the potentiall…
Basic Needs and Growth-Welfare Trade-Offs
Can nations achieve both growth and equity or must one value be sacrificed to attain the other? The controversy over trade-offs between aggregate economic performance and social welfare lies at the heart of recent debates on development policy. This study reviews these debates, identifies the specific forms of likely trade-offs, and examines the evidence over a twenty-five-year period for a sample of 104 nations. We employ a cross-national panel …
Interdependence and cooperation in foreign policy behavior: A comment on Vincent
Dependency and Rebellion: A Cross-National Analysis
Cross-national research has focused on the domestic causes of rebellion. We investigate whether international dependency incites rebellious political violence directly by mobilizing anti-imperialist and xenophobic movements, and indirectly by increasing relative deprivation and repression of nonviolent protest. Using a four-equation model, we examine the effects of dependency on rebellion independent of domestic causes, and then on three primary …
Democracy and the Peaceful Settlement of International Conflict
The research reported here develops an explanation for the often-noted absence of international war between democratic states. This explanation is derived from a theoretical rationale centered on universal democratic norms for reconciling competing values and interests. I argue that democratic states locked in disputes are better equipped than others with the means for diffusing conflict situations at an early stage before they have an opportunit…
Democracy and the Management of International Conflict
The research reported here extends investigation of the democracy-war hypothesis by focusing on the norms of dispute resolution integral to the democratic process. If we extend these norms to the international arena, then it becomes reasonable to expect democratic states to adopt compromise solutions to international problems. One implication of this logic is that democracies are likely to be more amenable than others to efforts of third parties …
Dependency and Rebellion: A Cross-National Analysis
Cross-national research has focused on the domestic causes of rebellion. We investigate whether international dependency incites rebellious political violence directly by mobilizing anti-imperialist and xenophobic movements, and indirectly by increasing relative deprivation and repression of nonviolent protest. Using a four-equation model, we examine the effects of dependency on rebellion independent of domestic causes, and then on three primary …
Politics, the State, and Basic Human Needs: A Cross-National Study
This study examines ways that political processes influence the provision of basic human needs once the effects of aggregate national wealth are removed. Three general explanatory approaches are examined. These are based on the size or strength of the national government, the achievement ofdemocratic processes, and the ideological orientation ofruling elites along a left-right dimension. These three approaches are analyzed by regressing an index …
Third-party techniques for preventing conflict escalation and promoting peaceful settlement
Although agents employ a wide range of conflict management techniques in practice, scholars have evaluated only a few of these. A more complete empirical analysis of the spectrum of third-party procedures used to manage international crises reveals that two techniques in particular are most effective: mediation efforts and third-party activities to open or maintain lines of communication. The endpoints of preventing escalation and promoting peace…
On the Mysterious Demise of Consensual Norms in the United States Supreme Court
The early 1940s marked a period in which the consensus norms of the Supreme Court experienced a radical and apparently permanent change. The consistent pattern of relatively high cohesion characteristic of the Court's earlier years gave way to surging rates of concurring and dissenting opinions. The present research is an examination of the factors possibly contributing to the justices' sharply increasing tendency to express their individual view…
Political Similarity and American Foreign Trade Patterns
International economic flows have become an increasingly prominent component of both international relations and domestic politics over the last two decades. Even though politically motivated governments have played a growing role in shaping these transactions, empirical studies have largely ignored the political determinants of international trade patterns. This study addresses that important gap in our understanding of the international politic…
Models of State High Court Decision Making in Sex Discrimination Cases
This paper examines state high court decision making on sex discrimination cases for the period 1971-81. Using logistic regression, several policy models drawn from the comparative state policy and judicial behavior literatures are employed to predict court votes on sex discrimination appeals. The final model emphasizes the importance of policy type, selection system, court reputation, sex of the appellent, and the presence of at least one woman …
Democracy, Disputes, and Negotiated Settlements
The argument that democracies are less belligerent toward one another because of their experience with mediation, negotiation, and compromise at the domestic level suggests that negotiated dispute settlements are more likely between relatively democratic states than other conflicting pairs. Militarized Interstate Dispute data and Polity IIId and Freedom House ratings of democracy are used to examine the propensities of disputants to resolve their…
Marx's Theory of Rebellion: A Cross-National Analysis of Class Exploitation, Economic Development, and Violent Revolt
Bien que tres critiquee, la theorie de Marx sur la revolte n'a pas ete evaluee directement dans des recherches internationales. L'echec des revolutions proletariennes dans les pays developpes a discredite les predictions de Marx. Des etudes recentes internationales sur la revolte et la violence politique ont montre l'effet positif du developpement economique sur la rebellion, l'effet des inegalites de revenu et de la democratie politique. Les AA.…
Third-Party Intermediaries and Negotiated Settlements, 1946–2000
Past studies regarding the success and/or failure of conflict management activities have brought about a wide range of results. In this paper we attempt to gain more definitive conclusions about effectiveness by accomplishing two tasks. First, using a basic theoretical framework we identify expectations of efficacy as they relate to differences between states, coalitions, and IGOs. Second, we also examine the utility of different conflict managem…
Reciprocity in United States-Soviet Relations: Multiple Symmetry or Issue Linkage
This study examines two alternative process models of reciprocal interaction in post-war United States-Soviet relations. The multiple symmetry model holds that each dimension of interaction is evaluated and acted on independently so that an accurate portrayal one nation's responsiveness to another must be specified at the micro level of individual issues or sectors. By contrast, the issue-linkage model admits the possibility of cross-sector match…
The Military Burden and Basic Human Needs
This study examines ways in which military factors influence the provision of basic human needs once the effects of aggregated social wealth and certain political aspects of the state are removed. Three channels of influence are examined: the defense burden on the economy, the scope of military participation in society, and military control of the ruling regime. We analyze these influences by regressing an index of physical well-being, the PQLI, …
Inequality and Political Violence Revisited
In their 1987 article in this Review, Muller and Seligson used logged ordinary least-squares (LOLS) to estimate the effect of income inequality on cross-national levels of deaths by political violence. T. Y. Wang challenges the robustness of the main conclusion and argues for the application of a maximum likelihood approach-the exponential Poisson regression (EPR) model-rather than LOLS. He concludes that the widely used LOLS approach yields misl…
The Supreme Court and Criminal Justice Disputes: A Neo-Institutional Perspective
This study conceptualizes the U.S. Supreme Court as a political institution whose decisionmaking behavior over time can be effectively explained and predicted. A four-variable model is constructed as a means of better understanding the Court's policy outputs in criminal justice disputes. This model represents Court decisions as a function of the institution's political composition, the generally stable attitudes of its members, its policymaking p…
Measuring Interstate Affect
This article advances a general formula that can be applied to classified behavioral data to yield a theoretically informed summary measure of interstate affect. Although this measurement procedure is constructed with exclusive reference to expressed affect-that is, a government's feelings of friendliness or hostility toward some external object or actorit is easily adapted to other properties embracing positive, neutral, and negative categories.…
Basic Needs and Growth-Welfare Trade-Offs
Can nations achieve both growth and equity or must one value be sacrificed to attain the other? The controversy over trade-offs between aggregate economic performance and social welfare lies at the heart of recent debates on development policy. This study reviews these debates, identifies the specific forms of likely trade-offs, and examines the evidence over a twenty-five-year period for a sample of 104 nations. We employ a cross-national panel …
Danger Beyond Dyads: Third-Party Participants in Militarized Interstate Disputes
Stuart Bremer often reminded us that third parties—directly or indirectly—affect the initiation, evolution, and termination of conflict. He encouraged scholars to research the phenomenon of joining behavior further and personally investigated it. Questions about joining behavior are indeed deeply intertwined with a variety of theories of conflict. However, existing records on third-party interventions are limited to states' military involvement i…
Multilateralism, Major Powers, and Militarized Disputes
American foreign policy has been animated by public debate between multilateralism and unilateralism in recent years. Some strains of traditional realist thinking suggest that major powers like the U.S. will naturally tend to be less enamored of multilateral action precisely because they possess the capabilities to engage a wider range of unilateral options and they face fewer structural limitations than other states. We empirically investigate t…
Presidential Succession and the Cold War: An Analysis of Soviet-American Relations, 1948-1988
This study examines the effects of presidential succession on selected patterns of American foreign policy behavior. Our empirical test case consists of the principal foreign policy preoccupation of the last eight presidencies--diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. This examination is conducted in the context of a partial theory of dynamic foreign policy interaction which serves as a kind of theoretical template through which the potentiall…
The Evaluation of Weighted Voting Schemes for the United Nations General Assembly
Journal Article The Evaluation of Weighted Voting Schemes for the United Nations General Assembly Get access William J. Dixon William J. Dixon Emory University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Studies Quarterly, Volume 27, Issue 3, September 1983, Pages 295–314, https://doi.org/10.2307/2600685 Published: 01 September 1983
The Emerging Image of U.N. Politics
Empirical research on the United Nations has been characterized as fragmented, noncumulative, and lacking in the coherence necessary for conceptual integration—a condition at least partly due to the variegated nature of the institution itself. Yet in some important respects the research literature projects a rather homogeneous image. This image is shaped by a prevailing research perspective that treats the U.N. as (1) an arena for the political m…
Change and Persistence in the World System: An Analysis of Global Trade Concentration, 1955-1975
Journal Article Change and Persistence in the World System: An Analysis of Global Trade Concentration, 1955–1975 Get access William J. Dixon William J. Dixon Emory University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Studies Quarterly, Volume 29, Issue 2, June 1985, Pages 171–189, https://doi.org/10.2307/2600505 Published: 01 June 1985
Domestic Political Conflict and Basic Needs Outcomes: An Empirical Assessment
This study undertakes an empirical investigation of the near universal assumption that domestic political conflict is invariably harmful to the societies in which it occurs. In particular, we examine the implications of domestic conflict for the provision of basic human needs once the known effects of aggregate national wealth are removed. Using a variation of the panel regression model, we regress an index of basic needs satisfaction on measures…
Research on research revisited: Another Half Decade of Quantitative and Field Research on International Organizations
Eight journals were surveyed for articles reporting empirical research on international organizations, under the assumption that periodic self-assessment is a necessary component of any program of scientific inquiry. Forty-five article published between 1970 and 1975 are compared to articles from the 1960s on a variety of dimensions. In the recent period more authors view international organizations comparatively while fewer concentrate their eff…
Research on research revisited: Another Half Decade of Quantitative and Field Research on International Organizations
Eight journals were surveyed for articles reporting empirical research on international organizations, under the assumption that periodic self-assessment is a necessary component of any program of scientific inquiry. Forty-five article published between 1970 and 1975 are compared to articles from the 1960s on a variety of dimensions. In the recent period more authors view international organizations comparatively while fewer concentrate their eff…
The Emerging Image of U.N. Politics
Empirical research on the United Nations has been characterized as fragmented, noncumulative, and lacking in the coherence necessary for conceptual integration—a condition at least partly due to the variegated nature of the institution itself. Yet in some important respects the research literature projects a rather homogeneous image. This image is shaped by a prevailing research perspective that treats the U.N. as (1) an arena for the political m…
The Evaluation of Weighted Voting Schemes for the United Nations General Assembly
Journal Article The Evaluation of Weighted Voting Schemes for the United Nations General Assembly Get access William J. Dixon William J. Dixon Emory University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Studies Quarterly, Volume 27, Issue 3, September 1983, Pages 295–314, https://doi.org/10.2307/2600685 Published: 01 September 1983
Measuring Interstate Affect
This article advances a general formula that can be applied to classified behavioral data to yield a theoretically informed summary measure of interstate affect. Although this measurement procedure is constructed with exclusive reference to expressed affect-that is, a government's feelings of friendliness or hostility toward some external object or actorit is easily adapted to other properties embracing positive, neutral, and negative categories.…
Interdependence as foreign policy behavior
Change and Persistence in the World System: An Analysis of Global Trade Concentration, 1955-1975
Journal Article Change and Persistence in the World System: An Analysis of Global Trade Concentration, 1955–1975 Get access William J. Dixon William J. Dixon Emory University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Studies Quarterly, Volume 29, Issue 2, June 1985, Pages 171–189, https://doi.org/10.2307/2600505 Published: 01 June 1985
Politics, the State, and Basic Human Needs: A Cross-National Study
This study examines ways that political processes influence the provision of basic human needs once the effects of aggregate national wealth are removed. Three general explanatory approaches are examined. These are based on the size or strength of the national government, the achievement ofdemocratic processes, and the ideological orientation ofruling elites along a left-right dimension. These three approaches are analyzed by regressing an index …
Models of State High Court Decision Making in Sex Discrimination Cases
This paper examines state high court decision making on sex discrimination cases for the period 1971-81. Using logistic regression, several policy models drawn from the comparative state policy and judicial behavior literatures are employed to predict court votes on sex discrimination appeals. The final model emphasizes the importance of policy type, selection system, court reputation, sex of the appellent, and the presence of at least one woman …
The Military Burden and Basic Human Needs
This study examines ways in which military factors influence the provision of basic human needs once the effects of aggregated social wealth and certain political aspects of the state are removed. Three channels of influence are examined: the defense burden on the economy, the scope of military participation in society, and military control of the ruling regime. We analyze these influences by regressing an index of physical well-being, the PQLI, …
Reciprocity in United States-Soviet Relations: Multiple Symmetry or Issue Linkage
This study examines two alternative process models of reciprocal interaction in post-war United States-Soviet relations. The multiple symmetry model holds that each dimension of interaction is evaluated and acted on independently so that an accurate portrayal one nation's responsiveness to another must be specified at the micro level of individual issues or sectors. By contrast, the issue-linkage model admits the possibility of cross-sector match…
On the Mysterious Demise of Consensual Norms in the United States Supreme Court
The early 1940s marked a period in which the consensus norms of the Supreme Court experienced a radical and apparently permanent change. The consistent pattern of relatively high cohesion characteristic of the Court's earlier years gave way to surging rates of concurring and dissenting opinions. The present research is an examination of the factors possibly contributing to the justices' sharply increasing tendency to express their individual view…
Domestic Political Conflict and Basic Needs Outcomes: An Empirical Assessment
This study undertakes an empirical investigation of the near universal assumption that domestic political conflict is invariably harmful to the societies in which it occurs. In particular, we examine the implications of domestic conflict for the provision of basic human needs once the known effects of aggregate national wealth are removed. Using a variation of the panel regression model, we regress an index of basic needs satisfaction on measures…
The Supreme Court and Criminal Justice Disputes: A Neo-Institutional Perspective
This study conceptualizes the U.S. Supreme Court as a political institution whose decisionmaking behavior over time can be effectively explained and predicted. A four-variable model is constructed as a means of better understanding the Court's policy outputs in criminal justice disputes. This model represents Court decisions as a function of the institution's political composition, the generally stable attitudes of its members, its policymaking p…
Interdependence and cooperation in foreign policy behavior: A comment on Vincent
Dependency and Rebellion: A Cross-National Analysis
Cross-national research has focused on the domestic causes of rebellion. We investigate whether international dependency incites rebellious political violence directly by mobilizing anti-imperialist and xenophobic movements, and indirectly by increasing relative deprivation and repression of nonviolent protest. Using a four-equation model, we examine the effects of dependency on rebellion independent of domestic causes, and then on three primary …
Presidential Succession and the Cold War: An Analysis of Soviet-American Relations, 1948-1988
This study examines the effects of presidential succession on selected patterns of American foreign policy behavior. Our empirical test case consists of the principal foreign policy preoccupation of the last eight presidencies--diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. This examination is conducted in the context of a partial theory of dynamic foreign policy interaction which serves as a kind of theoretical template through which the potentiall…
Basic Needs and Growth-Welfare Trade-Offs
Can nations achieve both growth and equity or must one value be sacrificed to attain the other? The controversy over trade-offs between aggregate economic performance and social welfare lies at the heart of recent debates on development policy. This study reviews these debates, identifies the specific forms of likely trade-offs, and examines the evidence over a twenty-five-year period for a sample of 104 nations. We employ a cross-national panel …
Political Similarity and American Foreign Trade Patterns
International economic flows have become an increasingly prominent component of both international relations and domestic politics over the last two decades. Even though politically motivated governments have played a growing role in shaping these transactions, empirical studies have largely ignored the political determinants of international trade patterns. This study addresses that important gap in our understanding of the international politic…
Democracy and the Management of International Conflict
The research reported here extends investigation of the democracy-war hypothesis by focusing on the norms of dispute resolution integral to the democratic process. If we extend these norms to the international arena, then it becomes reasonable to expect democratic states to adopt compromise solutions to international problems. One implication of this logic is that democracies are likely to be more amenable than others to efforts of third parties …
Marx's Theory of Rebellion: A Cross-National Analysis of Class Exploitation, Economic Development, and Violent Revolt
Bien que tres critiquee, la theorie de Marx sur la revolte n'a pas ete evaluee directement dans des recherches internationales. L'echec des revolutions proletariennes dans les pays developpes a discredite les predictions de Marx. Des etudes recentes internationales sur la revolte et la violence politique ont montre l'effet positif du developpement economique sur la rebellion, l'effet des inegalites de revenu et de la democratie politique. Les AA.…
Inequality and Political Violence Revisited
In their 1987 article in this Review, Muller and Seligson used logged ordinary least-squares (LOLS) to estimate the effect of income inequality on cross-national levels of deaths by political violence. T. Y. Wang challenges the robustness of the main conclusion and argues for the application of a maximum likelihood approach-the exponential Poisson regression (EPR) model-rather than LOLS. He concludes that the widely used LOLS approach yields misl…
Democracy and the Peaceful Settlement of International Conflict
The research reported here develops an explanation for the often-noted absence of international war between democratic states. This explanation is derived from a theoretical rationale centered on universal democratic norms for reconciling competing values and interests. I argue that democratic states locked in disputes are better equipped than others with the means for diffusing conflict situations at an early stage before they have an opportunit…
Third-party techniques for preventing conflict escalation and promoting peaceful settlement
Although agents employ a wide range of conflict management techniques in practice, scholars have evaluated only a few of these. A more complete empirical analysis of the spectrum of third-party procedures used to manage international crises reveals that two techniques in particular are most effective: mediation efforts and third-party activities to open or maintain lines of communication. The endpoints of preventing escalation and promoting peace…
Democracy, Disputes, and Negotiated Settlements
The argument that democracies are less belligerent toward one another because of their experience with mediation, negotiation, and compromise at the domestic level suggests that negotiated dispute settlements are more likely between relatively democratic states than other conflicting pairs. Militarized Interstate Dispute data and Polity IIId and Freedom House ratings of democracy are used to examine the propensities of disputants to resolve their…
Commercial Liberalism on Trial
In his 2003 commencement address at the University of South Carolina, US President George Bush surprised many observers by proposing the “establishment of a US-Middle East free trade area within a decade.” Does the president agree with traditional economic liberals that expanded trade will bring peace, even to that sorely troubled region? He would not if he accepted the counsel of Katherine Barbieri. Her new book, The Liberal Illusion, gives away…
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