Kelly Hine
Biographic Data
| ID | 4413155 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Kelly Hine |
| GIVEN NAMES | Kelly |
| FAMILY NAME | Hine |
| SIGNATURE | HINE K |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of the Sunshine Coast |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2497-2069 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 14 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 17 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2016 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
De Facto Mental Health Responders: A Contemporary Systematic Literature Review of Police Encounters with Persons Experiencing Mental Illness
Police are often becoming primary responders to people experiencing mental illness (PMI), frequently managing crises that fall outside traditional law enforcement roles. Police-PMI encounters are complex, resource-intensive, and often associated with adverse outcomes. Yet the evidence base on how such interactions occur and what influences their outcomes lacks a comprehensive understanding. To address this gap, a systematic literature review was …
‘It could be the straw that breaks the camel’s back’: The impacts of anti-police sentiment on police officer identity in Australia
Rising anti-police sentiments pose a clear threat to officer safety and efficacy. Impacts likely extend beyond operational concerns, posing potential identity threats as officers reconcile criticisms of their profession with their own identity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 former Australian police officers to explore the impacts of anti-police sentiment on their personal and professional identities. Using a revised framework …
Anomie and authority: How global events are reshaping public interactions with law enforcement
This study explores differences in the characteristics of assaults against police in Australia between relatively stable (2010–2020) and disruptive (2020–2024) periods to consider whether anomie may help explain any observed changes in offender behaviour. Descriptive analysis of 172 cases reveals a notable increase in young offenders and assaults triggered by personal crises during the disruptive period. Intentional assaults also rose sharply, su…
Understanding Youth Assaults of Police Officers in Australia: A Power Threat Meaning Framework Analysis
This study explores youth violence towards police officers in Australia through the Power Threat Meaning Framework to better understand the underlying factors contributing to such violence; focusing on power dynamics, childhood adversity, and trauma. It examines power dynamics in past and present circumstances and the function of violent behaviours in these encounters. To do this, a content analysis was conducted using court findings and coroner …
From myth to reality: Exploring assaults on police during domestic violence call outs
This study aims to determine whether responding to domestic violence (DV) callouts poses an increased risk of assaults on police officers compared to other types of incidents. A quantitative analysis was conducted using official court findings and coroners’ reports from all Australian states and territories, spanning 13 years (January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2023). Using chi-square analyses, the study examined 170 convicted cases of assaults on …
Apathy, resistance, and disengagement: A social media analysis exploring anti-police sentiment through motivational postures
From evasion to retaliation: Exploring the Motivations Behind Assaults on Police
Anger, fear, and frozenness: Exploring the emotive aspect of anti-police sentiment
Anti-police sentiment has emerged as a growing phenomenon in recent years, characterised by intense negative attitudes towards police. Despite increasing scholarly interest, the lack of a clear definition of anti-police sentiment hinders conceptualisation, measurement, and comparison of findings across jurisdictions. This study aims to provide conceptual clarity by employing sentiment analysis to systematically and objectively explore the emotion…
The language of belonging: The role of symbolic language in shaping social identity and public perceptions of police gender targets
Gender‐targeted recruitment in policing has elicited varied public responses. This study explores public sentiment toward policing gender targets using a symbolic interactionist and social identity approach. A sentiment analysis was conducted on 5447 comments extracted from a Facebook recruitment campaign targeting women. The study revealed a nearly equal distribution of positive and negative language in the comments, with high levels of trust an…
Setting benchmarks and breaking chains’: Public opinions of female police officers
While many benefits of women in policing have been recognised, sworn female officers have remained mostly underrepresented within the workforce. Recently, policing organisations have sought to rectify this with the implementation of gender targets. However, this aim to increase female officers has been met with resistance and scepticism. This study examines the main support and concerns held by the public regarding women in policing. To do this, …
Fatal police encounters – it’s not just shootings
One of the most critical issues in policing today is citizen deaths that occur as a result of police encounters. Most of the fatal police encounters research tends to focus on fatalities as a direct result of police actions such as fatal shootings. However, there are a wide variety of ways in which fatalities occur during police encounters that may not be due to direct police actions (for example accidents and suicide). This study examines both d…
Effective communication during major crises: A systematic literature review to identify best practices for police
Police are the frontline response to major crises (such as natural disasters and terrorism). One key element to the successful outcome of major crises is the effective communication by police to their fellow officers, command, and other emergency personnel to contain and control the situation. Yet, there is no current academic research examining the effective communication of police during major crises. This study conducted a systematic literatur…
‘Only in our best interest, right?’ Public perceptions of police use of facial recognition technology
Facial recognition technology (FRT) offers police a fast, efficient, and accurate way of identifying criminals. However, as with any new technology, the public is often sceptical about how the police will use this technology and how it may impinge on the public’s privacy and security. Subsequently, if police use of FRT is perceived as illegitimate, police-citizen relationships may deteriorate – this is especially concerning given the current lack…
The current nature of police officer fatalities in Australia and opportunities for prevention
Policing is considered one of the most dangerous and stressful occupations. The role and duties of officers mean that they are more likely to encounter not only accidents, but also assaults. Furthermore, the physical demands and occupational stresses of the job mean that officers are at risk of medical conditions that cause strain on the body such as heart attacks. This paper examines the current nature of police officer fatalities in Australia. …
What were they thinking? Factors influencing police recruits’ decisions about force
Police officers are increasingly called upon to explain and defend their behaviour towards citizens, particularly where force is used. While there is a well-established body of research on factors that are associated with the use of police force, little is known about whether officers are actually considering these factors when making force decisions. This study takes a naturalistic decision-making approach to examine police decisions in the inte…
Too much or too little? Individual and situational predictors of police force relative to suspect resistance
This study examined variations of police use of force by applying Terrill et al.’s [(2003). A management tool for evaluating police use of force: an application of the force factor. Police quarterly, 6 (2), 150–171] adaptation of Alpert and Dunham’s [(1997). The force factor: measuring police use of force relative to suspect resistance. Washington, DC: Police Executive Research Forum] Force Factor method (where the level of force is explored rela…
The understated ugly side of police–citizen encounters: Situation, suspect, officer, decision-making, and force predictors of officer injuries
Policing is one of the most dangerous occupations and is consistently placed in the top five occupations for injuries and fatalities as a result of occupational violence [Prenzler, T. (2012). Policing and security in practice: challenges and achievements. New York: Palgrave Macmillan]. Police–citizen encounters that involve the use of force present a high risk of injuries to officers. This study used official data from an Australian jurisdiction …
Too much or too little? Individual and situational predictors of police force relative to suspect resistance
This study examined variations of police use of force by applying Terrill et al.’s [(2003). A management tool for evaluating police use of force: an application of the force factor. Police quarterly, 6 (2), 150–171] adaptation of Alpert and Dunham’s [(1997). The force factor: measuring police use of force relative to suspect resistance. Washington, DC: Police Executive Research Forum] Force Factor method (where the level of force is explored rela…
Setting benchmarks and breaking chains’: Public opinions of female police officers
While many benefits of women in policing have been recognised, sworn female officers have remained mostly underrepresented within the workforce. Recently, policing organisations have sought to rectify this with the implementation of gender targets. However, this aim to increase female officers has been met with resistance and scepticism. This study examines the main support and concerns held by the public regarding women in policing. To do this, …
The understated ugly side of police–citizen encounters: Situation, suspect, officer, decision-making, and force predictors of officer injuries
Policing is one of the most dangerous occupations and is consistently placed in the top five occupations for injuries and fatalities as a result of occupational violence [Prenzler, T. (2012). Policing and security in practice: challenges and achievements. New York: Palgrave Macmillan]. Police–citizen encounters that involve the use of force present a high risk of injuries to officers. This study used official data from an Australian jurisdiction …
The language of belonging: The role of symbolic language in shaping social identity and public perceptions of police gender targets
Gender‐targeted recruitment in policing has elicited varied public responses. This study explores public sentiment toward policing gender targets using a symbolic interactionist and social identity approach. A sentiment analysis was conducted on 5447 comments extracted from a Facebook recruitment campaign targeting women. The study revealed a nearly equal distribution of positive and negative language in the comments, with high levels of trust an…
What were they thinking? Factors influencing police recruits’ decisions about force
Police officers are increasingly called upon to explain and defend their behaviour towards citizens, particularly where force is used. While there is a well-established body of research on factors that are associated with the use of police force, little is known about whether officers are actually considering these factors when making force decisions. This study takes a naturalistic decision-making approach to examine police decisions in the inte…
Too much or too little? Individual and situational predictors of police force relative to suspect resistance
This study examined variations of police use of force by applying Terrill et al.’s [(2003). A management tool for evaluating police use of force: an application of the force factor. Police quarterly, 6 (2), 150–171] adaptation of Alpert and Dunham’s [(1997). The force factor: measuring police use of force relative to suspect resistance. Washington, DC: Police Executive Research Forum] Force Factor method (where the level of force is explored rela…
The understated ugly side of police–citizen encounters: Situation, suspect, officer, decision-making, and force predictors of officer injuries
Policing is one of the most dangerous occupations and is consistently placed in the top five occupations for injuries and fatalities as a result of occupational violence [Prenzler, T. (2012). Policing and security in practice: challenges and achievements. New York: Palgrave Macmillan]. Police–citizen encounters that involve the use of force present a high risk of injuries to officers. This study used official data from an Australian jurisdiction …
What were they thinking? Factors influencing police recruits’ decisions about force
Police officers are increasingly called upon to explain and defend their behaviour towards citizens, particularly where force is used. While there is a well-established body of research on factors that are associated with the use of police force, little is known about whether officers are actually considering these factors when making force decisions. This study takes a naturalistic decision-making approach to examine police decisions in the inte…
The current nature of police officer fatalities in Australia and opportunities for prevention
Policing is considered one of the most dangerous and stressful occupations. The role and duties of officers mean that they are more likely to encounter not only accidents, but also assaults. Furthermore, the physical demands and occupational stresses of the job mean that officers are at risk of medical conditions that cause strain on the body such as heart attacks. This paper examines the current nature of police officer fatalities in Australia. …
Effective communication during major crises: A systematic literature review to identify best practices for police
Police are the frontline response to major crises (such as natural disasters and terrorism). One key element to the successful outcome of major crises is the effective communication by police to their fellow officers, command, and other emergency personnel to contain and control the situation. Yet, there is no current academic research examining the effective communication of police during major crises. This study conducted a systematic literatur…
‘Only in our best interest, right?’ Public perceptions of police use of facial recognition technology
Facial recognition technology (FRT) offers police a fast, efficient, and accurate way of identifying criminals. However, as with any new technology, the public is often sceptical about how the police will use this technology and how it may impinge on the public’s privacy and security. Subsequently, if police use of FRT is perceived as illegitimate, police-citizen relationships may deteriorate – this is especially concerning given the current lack…
Fatal police encounters – it’s not just shootings
One of the most critical issues in policing today is citizen deaths that occur as a result of police encounters. Most of the fatal police encounters research tends to focus on fatalities as a direct result of police actions such as fatal shootings. However, there are a wide variety of ways in which fatalities occur during police encounters that may not be due to direct police actions (for example accidents and suicide). This study examines both d…
Setting benchmarks and breaking chains’: Public opinions of female police officers
While many benefits of women in policing have been recognised, sworn female officers have remained mostly underrepresented within the workforce. Recently, policing organisations have sought to rectify this with the implementation of gender targets. However, this aim to increase female officers has been met with resistance and scepticism. This study examines the main support and concerns held by the public regarding women in policing. To do this, …
Anger, fear, and frozenness: Exploring the emotive aspect of anti-police sentiment
Anti-police sentiment has emerged as a growing phenomenon in recent years, characterised by intense negative attitudes towards police. Despite increasing scholarly interest, the lack of a clear definition of anti-police sentiment hinders conceptualisation, measurement, and comparison of findings across jurisdictions. This study aims to provide conceptual clarity by employing sentiment analysis to systematically and objectively explore the emotion…
The language of belonging: The role of symbolic language in shaping social identity and public perceptions of police gender targets
Gender‐targeted recruitment in policing has elicited varied public responses. This study explores public sentiment toward policing gender targets using a symbolic interactionist and social identity approach. A sentiment analysis was conducted on 5447 comments extracted from a Facebook recruitment campaign targeting women. The study revealed a nearly equal distribution of positive and negative language in the comments, with high levels of trust an…
From myth to reality: Exploring assaults on police during domestic violence call outs
This study aims to determine whether responding to domestic violence (DV) callouts poses an increased risk of assaults on police officers compared to other types of incidents. A quantitative analysis was conducted using official court findings and coroners’ reports from all Australian states and territories, spanning 13 years (January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2023). Using chi-square analyses, the study examined 170 convicted cases of assaults on …
Apathy, resistance, and disengagement: A social media analysis exploring anti-police sentiment through motivational postures
From evasion to retaliation: Exploring the Motivations Behind Assaults on Police
De Facto Mental Health Responders: A Contemporary Systematic Literature Review of Police Encounters with Persons Experiencing Mental Illness
Police are often becoming primary responders to people experiencing mental illness (PMI), frequently managing crises that fall outside traditional law enforcement roles. Police-PMI encounters are complex, resource-intensive, and often associated with adverse outcomes. Yet the evidence base on how such interactions occur and what influences their outcomes lacks a comprehensive understanding. To address this gap, a systematic literature review was …
‘It could be the straw that breaks the camel’s back’: The impacts of anti-police sentiment on police officer identity in Australia
Rising anti-police sentiments pose a clear threat to officer safety and efficacy. Impacts likely extend beyond operational concerns, posing potential identity threats as officers reconcile criticisms of their profession with their own identity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 former Australian police officers to explore the impacts of anti-police sentiment on their personal and professional identities. Using a revised framework …
Anomie and authority: How global events are reshaping public interactions with law enforcement
This study explores differences in the characteristics of assaults against police in Australia between relatively stable (2010–2020) and disruptive (2020–2024) periods to consider whether anomie may help explain any observed changes in offender behaviour. Descriptive analysis of 172 cases reveals a notable increase in young offenders and assaults triggered by personal crises during the disruptive period. Intentional assaults also rose sharply, su…
Understanding Youth Assaults of Police Officers in Australia: A Power Threat Meaning Framework Analysis
This study explores youth violence towards police officers in Australia through the Power Threat Meaning Framework to better understand the underlying factors contributing to such violence; focusing on power dynamics, childhood adversity, and trauma. It examines power dynamics in past and present circumstances and the function of violent behaviours in these encounters. To do this, a content analysis was conducted using court findings and coroner …
Policing Practices and Perceptions (16 works) · Political science (13 works) · Psychology (12 works) · Criminology (11 works) · Law (11 works) · Sociology (9 works) · Law (8 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (6 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Social Psychology (6 works)