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Cassandra Flick

Biographic Data

ID4437264
NAMECassandra Flick
GIVEN NAMESCassandra
FAMILY NAMEFlick
SIGNATUREFLICK C
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of North Dakota
ORCID0000-0003-0932-1399
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS6
TOTAL CITATIONS1
AUTHOR COUNT6
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2022
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX1
  • Does carceral status signal fitness for jury service? An exploratory study of the state’s role in shaping public opinion

    Open Access•James M Binnall, Olivia K H Smith et al.•ARTICLE•Crime Law and Social Change•2026

    In the United States, a felony criminal conviction often reduces or eliminates opportunities to take part in civic and social life. One such record-based restriction impacts juror eligibility for those with a felony criminal history. In 2020, the Governor of Iowa began automatically restoring the civil rights of those convicted of a felony upon completion of their sentence, creating a new carceral status and thus, offering an optimal context to e…

  • Intent, harm, and the law: Examining the intersection of varied intent and outcome severity on legal judgments

    Sean M Laurent, Cassandra Flick•ARTICLE•Law and Human Behavior•2026

    OBJECTIVE: This research examined how people reason about intended and unintended harms commonly adjudicated in the U.S. legal system, exploring the impact of a causal actor's intent and resultant harm severity on individuals' legally relevant judgments. HYPOTHESES: We hypothesized that participants would reliably differentiate between variations in unintended harm, with blame, guilt, liability, and punishment judgments increasing across a contin…

  • The reasonable officer standard: Perceptions of reasonableness and legal decision making

    Cassandra Flick, Kimberly Schweitzer•ARTICLE•Law and Human Behavior•2025

    OBJECTIVE: We explored how the reasonable officer standard aligns with the use-of-force judgments. HYPOTHESES: Reasonable officer standard-related factors of civilian resistance and civilian injury would impact participant judgments in ways inconsistent with reasonable officer standard-based policy. Given a scenario of legally reasonable force, participants would find an officer's actions less reasonable and attribute more punishment when the civ…

  • Attitudes Towards Police Legitimacy and Mock Grand Juror Indictment Decisions in Cases of Lethal Force

    Open Access•Kayla A Burd, Kimberly Schweitzer et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Community & Applied…•2025•References: 4

    Two experiments examined the potentially interactive effects of shooter identity (police officer vs. civilian) and unarmed victim race (Black vs. White) on grand juror decision‐making. In Experiments 1 ( N = 350) and 2 ( N = 344), mock grand jurors read and listened to mock testimony detailing the shooting by a police officer or civilian of an unarmed suspect (Black vs. White) and rendered an indictment decision. Those who chose to indict then se…

  • If negligence is intentionality’s cousin, recklessness is it’s sibling: Differentiating negligence and recklessness from accidents and intentional harm

    Open Access•Cassandra Flick, Narina Nuñez et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Experimental Social…•2023•Cited by: 1•References: 39

  • Civil juror compensation and judgments of police use of force at the intersection of race and mental illness

    Open Access•Haley A Sturges, Cassandra Flick et al.•ARTICLE•Behavioral Sciences & the Law•2022

    More than 53 million people come in contact with police each year, with people of color and those with mental illness (MI) being subjected to increased rates of contact. Sometimes police and civilian interactions have fatal outcomes, and these populations are disproportionately affected. As a result, families of these victims sometimes seek monetary compensation through civil litigation. The current study sought to understand how victim race and …

  • If negligence is intentionality’s cousin, recklessness is it’s sibling: Differentiating negligence and recklessness from accidents and intentional harm

    Open Access•Cassandra Flick, Narina Nuñez et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Experimental Social…•2023•Cited by: 1•References: 39

  • Civil juror compensation and judgments of police use of force at the intersection of race and mental illness

    Open Access•Haley A Sturges, Cassandra Flick et al.•ARTICLE•Behavioral Sciences & the Law•2022

    More than 53 million people come in contact with police each year, with people of color and those with mental illness (MI) being subjected to increased rates of contact. Sometimes police and civilian interactions have fatal outcomes, and these populations are disproportionately affected. As a result, families of these victims sometimes seek monetary compensation through civil litigation. The current study sought to understand how victim race and …

  • If negligence is intentionality’s cousin, recklessness is it’s sibling: Differentiating negligence and recklessness from accidents and intentional harm

    Open Access•Cassandra Flick, Narina Nuñez et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Experimental Social…•2023•Cited by: 1•References: 39

  • The reasonable officer standard: Perceptions of reasonableness and legal decision making

    Cassandra Flick, Kimberly Schweitzer•ARTICLE•Law and Human Behavior•2025

    OBJECTIVE: We explored how the reasonable officer standard aligns with the use-of-force judgments. HYPOTHESES: Reasonable officer standard-related factors of civilian resistance and civilian injury would impact participant judgments in ways inconsistent with reasonable officer standard-based policy. Given a scenario of legally reasonable force, participants would find an officer's actions less reasonable and attribute more punishment when the civ…

  • Attitudes Towards Police Legitimacy and Mock Grand Juror Indictment Decisions in Cases of Lethal Force

    Open Access•Kayla A Burd, Kimberly Schweitzer et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Community & Applied…•2025•References: 4

    Two experiments examined the potentially interactive effects of shooter identity (police officer vs. civilian) and unarmed victim race (Black vs. White) on grand juror decision‐making. In Experiments 1 ( N = 350) and 2 ( N = 344), mock grand jurors read and listened to mock testimony detailing the shooting by a police officer or civilian of an unarmed suspect (Black vs. White) and rendered an indictment decision. Those who chose to indict then se…

  • Does carceral status signal fitness for jury service? An exploratory study of the state’s role in shaping public opinion

    Open Access•James M Binnall, Olivia K H Smith et al.•ARTICLE•Crime Law and Social Change•2026

    In the United States, a felony criminal conviction often reduces or eliminates opportunities to take part in civic and social life. One such record-based restriction impacts juror eligibility for those with a felony criminal history. In 2020, the Governor of Iowa began automatically restoring the civil rights of those convicted of a felony upon completion of their sentence, creating a new carceral status and thus, offering an optimal context to e…

  • Intent, harm, and the law: Examining the intersection of varied intent and outcome severity on legal judgments

    Sean M Laurent, Cassandra Flick•ARTICLE•Law and Human Behavior•2026

    OBJECTIVE: This research examined how people reason about intended and unintended harms commonly adjudicated in the U.S. legal system, exploring the impact of a causal actor's intent and resultant harm severity on individuals' legally relevant judgments. HYPOTHESES: We hypothesized that participants would reliably differentiate between variations in unintended harm, with blame, guilt, liability, and punishment judgments increasing across a contin…

Law (3 works) · Political science (3 works) · Psychology (3 works) · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment (3 works) · Adjudication (2 works) · Criminology (2 works) · Harm (2 works) · Jury Decision Making Processes (2 works) · Law (2 works) · Legal psychology (2 works)

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