Richard Whatmore
Biographic Data
| ID | 447119 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Richard Whatmore |
| GIVEN NAMES | Richard |
| FAMILY NAME | Whatmore |
| SIGNATURE | WHATMORE R |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of St Andrews |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1295-7558 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 53 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 35 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 48 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 5 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Political Economy from Pufendorf to Marx: Culture, Needs and Property Rights
István Hont (1947–2013) defected from Communist Hungary in the 1970s and became renowned globally as a scholarly visionary in European political ideas. Following his death, a wealth of unpublished material from an early project rewriting the history of liberty, politics and political economy from Samuel Pufendorf to Karl Marx was discovered. This book brings together seven of Hont's previously unpublished papers, providing a revolutionary intelle…
Losing Control of Tocqueville: J. P. Mayer and the Genesis of Gallimard’s Oeuvres complètes d’Alexis de Tocqueville
In June 2021, the last of the eighteen tomes of Tocqueville’s Oeuvres complètes was published by Gallimard. This project had been instigated more than seventy years earlier by Jacob Peter Mayer, a German Jewish writer who had fled to England in 1936. Mayer believed that Tocqueville’s insights into democracy, fanaticism, and revolution were more relevant to the nation-states of the postwar era than those of any other writer, and so he embarked upo…
The End of Enlightenment: A Reply to My Critics
John Pocock and the Jealousy of Trade
The Cambridge History of the Age of Atlantic Revolutions
Volume II delves into the revolutions of France, Europe, and Haiti, with particular focus on the French Revolution and the changes it wrought. The demarcation between property and power, and the changes in family life, religious practices, and socio-economic relations are explored, as well as the preoccupation with violence and terror, both of which were conspicuous aspects of the revolution. Simultaneous movements in England, Germany, Hungary, I…
Liberalism and republicanism, or wealth and virtue revisited
The unquestionable achievement of J. G. A. Pocock's The Machiavellian Moment was to describe the retention of pre-modern values in a modern society. Pocock was notoriously accused of decentring Locke and side-lining the Liberal Tradition. A more pertinent critique had it that he failed to articulate how civic humanism in the context of increasingly commercial societies produced more than Jeremiahs or Cassandras. This article explains how Pocock r…
Freedom: An Unruly History
Christopher Clark, Revolutionary Spring: Fighting for a New World 1848-49
Hammersley Republicanism: An Introduction, by Rachel Hammersley
At the end of the eighteenth century, a republican was someone who loved revolutionary France and hated Britain. Indeed, for Thomas Paine, republicanism would only ever be able to bring peace, prosperity and rights to the entire globe if the British government was ceaselessly assaulted militarily until it was wiped off the political map. This failed to happen, Paine got more and more depressed about his own republic of the United States, and Napo…
The History of Political Thought: A Very Short Introduction
‘A History of Political Thought: A Very Short Introduction’ explores the core concerns and questions in the history of political thought, considering the field as a branch of political philosophy and political science. The approaches of core theorists, such as Reinhart Koselleck, Leo Strauss, Michel Foucault, and the so-called Cambridge School of Quentin Skinner and John Pocock are important to this topic. There is ongoing relevance for current p…
History of Political Thought: A Very Short Introduction
Terrorists, Anarchists, and Republicans: The Genevans and the Irish in Time of Revolution
Philosophy, Rights and Natural Law: Essays in Honour of Knud Haakonssen
David Armitage’s Civil Wars: A History in Ideas : Enlightenment and after
David Armitage has written another fascinating book and the breadth of learning in evidence, and pertinence of the questions raised for students of history, will inspire awe in every reader. Rather
Thomas Paine. Britain, America, and France in the Age of Enlightenment and Revolution
Thomas Paine. Britain, America, and France in the Age of Enlightenment and Revolution." The International History Review, 41(4), pp. 935–936
Terrorists, Anarchists, and Republicans: The Genevans and the Irish in Time of Revolution
In 1798, members of the United Irishmen were massacred by the British amid the crumbling walls of a half-built town near Waterford in Ireland. Many of the Irish were republicans inspired by the French Revolution, and the site of their demise was known as Genevan Barracks. The Barracks were the remnants of an experimental community called New Geneva, a settlement of Calvinist republican rebels who fled the continent in 1782. The British believed t…
Bayle, Jurieu and the Dictionnaire Historique et Critique, by Mara van der Lugt
Markets, Morals, Politics: Jealousy of Trade and the History of Political Thought
When Istvan Hont died in 2013, the world lost a giant of intellectual history. A leader of the Cambridge School of Political Thought, Hont argued passionately for a global-historical approach to political ideas. To better understand the development of liberalism, he looked not only to the works of great thinkers but also to their reception and use amid revolution and interstate competition. His innovative program of study culminated in the landma…
Benjamin Vaughan and the consequences of anonymity: An introduction to Kenneth E. Carpenter’s Benjamin Vaughan’s Contributions Unveiled: A Bibliography
Benjamin Vaughan had a passion for anonymity and Kenneth E. Carpenter’s is the first attempt to provide a full list of his many and significant contributions to intellectual life and letters in the last quarter of the eighteenth century, up to his emigration to North America in 1797. This is an introduction to Carpenter’s important research
Daniel I. OʼNeill. Edmund Burke and the Conservative Logic of Empire
What are historians supposed to do in analyzing the past? More particularly, what categories should they employ to scrutinize the thoughts of historical actors? One approach says: why not use our own categories, and look at the past through the lens of the present? Such an approach appears to have immediate advantages. We can evaluate past authors to see how liberal or conservative they were, and perhaps glean lessons for present politics, especi…
David Hume
Germaine de Staël: A Political Portrait
Pity Madame de Staël. First, the republican politics that she fervently embraced through the 1790s with her lover Benjamin Constant were from the first associated with terror, violence, electoral manipulation and a permanent state of political crisis. Second, the man she and Constant hoped might save the republic, Napoleon Bonaparte, became a tyrant, putting an end to the sovereignty of the people and in de Staël’s view to the revolution, and con…
Global possibilities in intellectual history: A note on practice
Intellectual history, and especially the branch sometimes identified as the Cambridge school, continues to be criticized for not being sufficiently global in outlook. This article does not defend intellectual history. Rather, it underscores the extent to which the well-known intellectual historian John Pocock has opened specific avenues for the study of past intellectual matters in distinctly non-Western contexts. The article suggests that these …
Saving Republics by Moving Republicans: Britain, Ireland and ‘New Geneva’ During the Age of Revolutions
In 1783 the British and Irish governments launched an experiment by funding the establishment of a settlement that was expected to become a new city. It was called ‘New Geneva’ and was situated on the site of a village called Passage, just outside the port of Waterford in Ireland. New Geneva was to be peopled by rebels, Genevans who had fled or were ready to flee in the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1782. This article explains that for th…
History and Nature in the Enlightenment: Praise of the Mastery of Nature in Eighteenth-Century Historical Literature, by Nathaniel Wolloch
Edward Gibbon spent more than sixteen years of his life in Switzerland. His first stay began in June 1753 and lasted five years, inaugurated by his conversion to Catholicism and his father’s desire to put him in a place where he would return to the Protestant faith; this happened at Lausanne, on Christmas Day 1754. For a year, from May 1763, Gibbon returned to Switzerland as part of his Grand Tour. Finally, from September 1783 to May 1793, he set…
Etienne Dumont, the British Constitution, and the French Revolution
Etienne Dumont became famous in the early nineteenth century for taking Jeremy Bentham's incoherent manuscripts and editing them into readable books which he translated into French. This article focuses on Dumont's earlier life, and specifically his Genevan background, to explain his work for Mirabeau in the first years of the French Revolution and his ultimate sense of the importance of Bentham's system of legislation. The article explains why D…
Everybody's Business: Jean-Baptiste Say's "General Fact" Conception of Political Economy
Research Article| September 01 1998 Everybody's Business: Jean-Baptiste Say's “General Fact” Conception of Political Economy Richard Whatmore Richard Whatmore 1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google History of Political Economy (1998) 30 (3): 451–468. https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-30-3-451 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Richard Whatmore; Everybody's Busines…
The Attempts to Transfer the Genevan Academy to Ireland and to America, 1782–1795
Early in 1782, republican rebels in Geneva removed the city's magistrates and instituted a popular government, portraying themselves as defenders of liberty and Calvinism against the French threats of Catholicism and luxury. But on 1 July 1782, the republicans fled because of the arrival at the city gates of invading troops led by France. The failure of the Genevan revolution indicated that while new republics could be established beyond Europe, …
Adam Smith's Role in the French Revolution
Adam Smith's Role in the French Revolution Get access Richard Whatmore Richard Whatmore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Past & Present, Volume 175, Issue 1, May 2002, Pages 65–89, https://doi.org/10.1093/past/175.1.65 Published: 01 May 2002
Global possibilities in intellectual history: A note on practice
Intellectual history, and especially the branch sometimes identified as the Cambridge school, continues to be criticized for not being sufficiently global in outlook. This article does not defend intellectual history. Rather, it underscores the extent to which the well-known intellectual historian John Pocock has opened specific avenues for the study of past intellectual matters in distinctly non-Western contexts. The article suggests that these …
Rousseau and the Representants: The Politics of the Lettres Ecrites De La Montagne
Rousseau's Lettres écrites de la montagne have traditionally been cited as evidence of the influence on his thinking of Genevan traditions of democratic republican political argument, on the grounds that the Lettres were written on behalf of those members of the citizens and bourgeois in the city who were critical of the growing powers of the magistracy, the co-called représentants . This essay proposes a different reading. It argues that the Let…
Natural Law Theories in the Early Enlightenment
Reviews of Books Get access Natural Law Theories in the Early Enlightenment. By T. J. Hochstrasser. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2000. xiii + 246 pp. £35. ISBN 0 521 66193 5. RICHARD WHATMORE RICHARD WHATMORE University of Sussex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French History, Volume 15, Issue 3, September 2001, Pages 339–341, https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/15.3.339 Published: 01 September 2001
Democrats and Republicans in Restoration France
The article suggests that a distinction between ‘republicans’ and ‘democrats’ more usefully describes competing constitutional and economic reformers in Restoration France than the distinction between ‘ancients’ and ‘moderns’ made famous by Benjamin Constant. It shows that Constant’s description of Rousseau as an ‘ancient’, and the blaming of his political theory for the excesses of the 1790s, is historically questionable, and masks Constant’s br…
Commerce, constitutions, and the manners of a nation: Etienne Clavière's revolutionary political economy, 1788–1793
(1996). Commerce, constitutions, and the manners of a nation: Etienne Claviere's revolutionary political economy, 1788–1793. History of European Ideas: Vol. 22, No. 5-6, pp. 351-368
Liberalism and republicanism, or wealth and virtue revisited
The unquestionable achievement of J. G. A. Pocock's The Machiavellian Moment was to describe the retention of pre-modern values in a modern society. Pocock was notoriously accused of decentring Locke and side-lining the Liberal Tradition. A more pertinent critique had it that he failed to articulate how civic humanism in the context of increasingly commercial societies produced more than Jeremiahs or Cassandras. This article explains how Pocock r…
Essay Reviews
How distinctive was the eighteenth century with respect to intellectual history? Contemporary Europeans were increasingly convinced that their century was unique, in the sense of facing new problems which had not been addressed in the past as this was described by classical authority or Christian tradition. Historians have long debated whether they were correct in making such an assumption and whether such change can be encapsulated by the term ‘…
Emer de Vattel's Mélanges de littérature, de morale et de politique (1760)’
Vattel's Mélanges de littérature, de morale et de politique (Thoughts on literature, morals and politics) was published at Neuchâtel by the Editeurs du Journal Helvétique in 1760 and this is the first English translation. It was republished under the title, Amusemens de littérature, de morale et de politique in 1765. Vattel's text provides evidence of his response to the issues facing Europe's states in the 1750s, and in doing so provides another…
Treason and despotism: The impact of the French revolution upon Britain
Trials for Treason and Sedition, 1792–1794, John Barrell, John Mee (Eds.), Part I: Vol. 1–5. Pickering and Chatto (2006). 2304 pp., £450.00/$795.00, ISBN: 978 1 85196 732 2; Part II: Vol. 6–8. Pick
Commerce, constitutions, and the manners of a nation: Etienne Clavière's revolutionary political economy, 1788–1793
(1996). Commerce, constitutions, and the manners of a nation: Etienne Claviere's revolutionary political economy, 1788–1793. History of European Ideas: Vol. 22, No. 5-6, pp. 351-368
Everybody's Business: Jean-Baptiste Say's "General Fact" Conception of Political Economy
Research Article| September 01 1998 Everybody's Business: Jean-Baptiste Say's “General Fact” Conception of Political Economy Richard Whatmore Richard Whatmore 1 Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google History of Political Economy (1998) 30 (3): 451–468. https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-30-3-451 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Richard Whatmore; Everybody's Busines…
‘A gigantic manliness’: Paine's republicanism in the 1790s
Thomas Paine's writings, like those of Adam Smith, have largely been associated with some of the major traditions of modern political thought: in Paine's case, liberalism, capitalism, and, most recently, social-democracy. The republican turn in intellectual history has done much to liberate Paine's ideas from association with causes he would not have recognised. A number of studies have added to our knowledge by placing Paine's work in the contex…
Economy, Polity, and Society: British Intellectual History 1750–1950
Economy, Polity, and Society and its companion volume History, Religion, and Culture bring together major new essays on British intellectual history by many of the leading scholars of the period, continuing a mode of enquiry for which Donald Winch and John Burrow have been widely celebrated. This volume addresses aspects of the eighteenth-century attempt, particularly in the work of Adam Smith, to come to grips with the nature of 'commercial soci…
Rousseau's readers
Natural Law Theories in the Early Enlightenment
Reviews of Books Get access Natural Law Theories in the Early Enlightenment. By T. J. Hochstrasser. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2000. xiii + 246 pp. £35. ISBN 0 521 66193 5. RICHARD WHATMORE RICHARD WHATMORE University of Sussex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French History, Volume 15, Issue 3, September 2001, Pages 339–341, https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/15.3.339 Published: 01 September 2001
Adam Smith's Role in the French Revolution
Adam Smith's Role in the French Revolution Get access Richard Whatmore Richard Whatmore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Past & Present, Volume 175, Issue 1, May 2002, Pages 65–89, https://doi.org/10.1093/past/175.1.65 Published: 01 May 2002
Democrats and Republicans in Restoration France
The article suggests that a distinction between ‘republicans’ and ‘democrats’ more usefully describes competing constitutional and economic reformers in Restoration France than the distinction between ‘ancients’ and ‘moderns’ made famous by Benjamin Constant. It shows that Constant’s description of Rousseau as an ‘ancient’, and the blaming of his political theory for the excesses of the 1790s, is historically questionable, and masks Constant’s br…
Bentham et l'économie: Une histoire d'utilité
British radicalism in the 1790s
London Corresponding Society, 1792–1799. Michael T. Davis (Ed.). (London, Pickering & Chatto, 2002) pp. 2328, ISBN: 1 85196 734 6: 6 Volume Set: £495/$795 The London Corresponding Society, founded
Palgrave Advances in Intellectual History
The past three decades have seen a remarkable growth of interest in intellectual history and this book provides the first comprehensive survey of recent research in this field. Each chapter considers
Rousseau and the Representants: The Politics of the Lettres Ecrites De La Montagne
Rousseau's Lettres écrites de la montagne have traditionally been cited as evidence of the influence on his thinking of Genevan traditions of democratic republican political argument, on the grounds that the Lettres were written on behalf of those members of the citizens and bourgeois in the city who were critical of the growing powers of the magistracy, the co-called représentants . This essay proposes a different reading. It argues that the Let…
Etienne Dumont, the British Constitution, and the French Revolution
Etienne Dumont became famous in the early nineteenth century for taking Jeremy Bentham's incoherent manuscripts and editing them into readable books which he translated into French. This article focuses on Dumont's earlier life, and specifically his Genevan background, to explain his work for Mirabeau in the first years of the French Revolution and his ultimate sense of the importance of Bentham's system of legislation. The article explains why D…
Essay Reviews
How distinctive was the eighteenth century with respect to intellectual history? Contemporary Europeans were increasingly convinced that their century was unique, in the sense of facing new problems which had not been addressed in the past as this was described by classical authority or Christian tradition. Historians have long debated whether they were correct in making such an assumption and whether such change can be encapsulated by the term ‘…
Emer de Vattel's Mélanges de littérature, de morale et de politique (1760)’
Vattel's Mélanges de littérature, de morale et de politique (Thoughts on literature, morals and politics) was published at Neuchâtel by the Editeurs du Journal Helvétique in 1760 and this is the first English translation. It was republished under the title, Amusemens de littérature, de morale et de politique in 1765. Vattel's text provides evidence of his response to the issues facing Europe's states in the 1750s, and in doing so provides another…
Treason and despotism: The impact of the French revolution upon Britain
Trials for Treason and Sedition, 1792–1794, John Barrell, John Mee (Eds.), Part I: Vol. 1–5. Pickering and Chatto (2006). 2304 pp., £450.00/$795.00, ISBN: 978 1 85196 732 2; Part II: Vol. 6–8. Pick
Vattel, Britain and Peace in Europe
This paper underlines Vattel's commitment to maintaining the sovereignty of Europe's small states by enunciating the duties he deemed incumbent upon all political communities. Vattel took seriously the threat to Europe from a renascent France, willing to foster an equally aggressive Catholic imperialism justified by the need for religious unity. Preventing a French version of universal monarchy, Vattel recognised, entailed more than speculating a…
Against War and Empire: Geneva, Britain, and France in the Eighteenth Century
The Attempts to Transfer the Genevan Academy to Ireland and to America, 1782–1795
Early in 1782, republican rebels in Geneva removed the city's magistrates and instituted a popular government, portraying themselves as defenders of liberty and Calvinism against the French threats of Catholicism and luxury. But on 1 July 1782, the republicans fled because of the arrival at the city gates of invading troops led by France. The failure of the Genevan revolution indicated that while new republics could be established beyond Europe, …
Jean-Charles-Léonard Simonde de Sismondi, Œuvres économiques complètes, II et III
Everyone knows that if a list of the most turbulent periods in European history had to be made then very close to the top would come the period between the French Revolution and the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Many of Europe’s oldest independent states ceased to exist, including Venice and Genoa. Many longstanding states, including the Swiss cantons and the Dutch Republic, vanished for a period of time. In their place new states were created, and…
A Companion to Intellectual History
Cambridge School of Intellectual History
Small States, History of
Companion to Intellectual History
What is Intellectual History
Preface Acknowledgements Introduction The identity of intellectual history The history of intellectual history The method of intellectual history The practice of intellectual history The relevance of intellectual history Intellectual history present and future Conclusion Notes Further reading Index
History (35 works) · Political science (35 works) · Law (32 works) · Philosophy (31 works) · Politics (26 works) · Sociology (21 works) · Philosophy (20 works) · American Constitutional Law and Politics (19 works) · Law (19 works) · History (18 works)