Karen Donders
Biographic Data
| ID | 4501018 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Karen Donders |
| GIVEN NAMES | Karen |
| FAMILY NAME | Donders |
| SIGNATURE | DONDERS K |
| AFFILIATIONS | Vrije Universiteit Brussel |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4446-5753 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 39 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 138 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 37 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2010 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Breaking boundaries: Smallness and the dynamics of European audiovisual industries in the age of streaming
Much of the foundational work on small-nation screen industries in Europe was developed when linear broadcasting was the norm. Digital distribution and subscription video-on-demand business models have since reshaped sector dynamics. This study examines whether existing frameworks still capture the dynamics shaping audiovisual sectors in small nations. The findings show that the small-market perspective remains a useful analytical framework in a …
The staging of the Brexit rhetoric inside the European Parliament: The case of Nigel Farage
Global SVoD services in small audio-visual market contexts: Commissioning patterns in Flanders, Ireland and Norway
Global streaming services’ investment strategies in Europe have shifted the production landscape for scripted fiction. This article examines the commissioning patterns for scripted serial TV fiction through a comparative analysis of three small European markets: Flanders, Ireland and Norway. The analysis assesses the differences and similarities in the volumes of scripted fiction and how they evolved, focusing on the position of SVoD commissions …
The European Commission's approach to mergers involving software-based platforms: Towards a better understanding of platform power
Ibermedia as a collaborative space for film co-production policy? A stakeholder analysis on decision-making processes
Ibermedia is the most important institution in the Ibero-American audiovisual space. It was created as a result of a bottom-up project that aims to include stakeholders in policy-making. The paper investigates the participation of stakeholders in the Ibermedia decision-making in order to assess if it maintains its original cooperative character. We applied the salience theory to identify who and why is being taken into account by the organization…
Platforms, people and politics: The challenges for public service media in Ireland
This article assesses the viability of RTÉ, Ireland’s main public service media (PSM) organization, as an institution and media organization against the backdrop of the largest challenges affecting PSM today. It questions the extent (1) the presence of global platforms, (2) shifting media use and (3) (continued) government support have affected the programming, structure and legitimacy of the Irish public broadcaster. The analytical framework tha…
Public service media as drivers of innovation: A case study analysis of policies and strategies in Spain, Ireland, and Belgium
In the post-broadcast era, public service media (PSM) organizations have to innovate, stay up-to-date with new ways of consuming content, and experiment with the manifold opportunities that interactivity offers for audience engagement. At the same time, they are still obligated to achieve their public service remit and guarantee that services comply with values such as universality, diversity, creativity, and innovation. This article analyzes the…
Signal integrity’ in the Audiovisual Media Services Directive: Process, positions and policies examined and explained
Technological convergence has pushed the broadcasting value chain into a state of imbalance. The updated Audiovisual Media Services Directive with its provision on signal integrity attempts to recalibrate the power relations in the value chain while also aspiring to achieve cultural objectives. By triangulating qualitative research methods, we investigate what signal integrity is from a legal and technical perspective, we identify the cases in wh…
Audiovisual policy transfer between Mercosur and the European Union has gone offtrack
This article analyses the Audiovisual Mercosur Program as a case of policy transfer between Mercosur and the European Union. A qualitative document analysis, expert interviews and the use of policy transfer theory and its constraints made possible the critical evaluation of the program and its impacts. By focusing on the constraints that led to an incomplete and uninformed transfer, we were able to identify an alignment between the underlying ide…
Is zero rating the end of net neutrality and the open internet? An analysis of business practices and policy approaches
The open internet and net neutrality are intertwined. People debate whether net neutrality safeguards part of the open internet or not. The commercial aspect is paramount. Zero rating is one of these practices that is often discussed, especially in relation to developing countries. The open internet regulation addresses commercial practices. It is, however, vague and can be interpreted in multiple ways. To answer the question if zero rating is go…
Reach or Trust Optimisation? A Citizen Trust Analysis in the Flemish Public Broadcaster VRT
In democracies, one of Public Service Media’s (PSM) main roles is to inform the public. In a digital news ecosystem, where commercial, citizen, and alternative news sources have multiplied, questions about the ability and need for PSM to fulfil this role are increasingly being raised. While the role of PSM can and should be scrutinized, a too-narrow a focus on an informed citizenry may obfuscate aspects, other than audience reach and objectivity,…
Platform policies in the European Union: Competition and public interest in media markets
This article examines which platform policies the European Commission has developed over the last couple of years and whether its policies are taking into account the differences in platform power. We first identify the main structures of platform power. Secondly, we confront the European Commission’s policies affecting media and communication platforms with those structures. Thirdly, we discuss whether what the European Commission is doing will …
Regulating digital platform power
Preview this article: Regulating digital platform power, Page 1 of 1 /docserver/preview/fulltext/jdmp/11/3/jdmp.11.3.235-1.gif
C’est quoi post-truth, new era or time-immemorial? Conceptual reflections for democracy, power and free speech
As the hyped concept of post-truth began occupying various discourses of politicians, commentators and journalists in the recent years especially in the West, this article attempts to bring a critical reflection to the concept by carrying out an integrative literature review. Our aim is to critically examine and analyse the literature and main perspectives and relationships of the issue. Therefore, different perspectives of scholars and journalis…
The rise of the ‘Netflix tax’ and what it means for sustaining European audiovisual markets
This article builds on comparative case study research of four EU countries which have imposed ‘Netflix taxes’ – France, Germany, Belgium (Flanders) and Italy. It examines to what extent the introduced investment obligations are actually future-proof as part of developing long term sustainable audiovisual policy toolkits. We argue that Netflix taxes are introduced in a path-dependent manner, by building on familiar policy instruments, previously …
Mercosur caught between lofty ambitions and modest achievements: A critical analysis of 16 years of audiovisual policy-making
This paper presents a critical analysis of Mercosur’s audiovisual policy. It is based on qualitative document analysis combined with a goal-means tree analysis methodology. The confrontation of the goals and the means in this manner makes it possible to identify structural problems in the development of RECAM, which is the Specialized Meeting of Audiovisual and Cinematographic Authorities of Mercosur and Associated States. Expert interviews and a…
Talking to People III: Expert Interviews and Elite Interviews
Public Service Media in a Divided Country: Governance and Functioning of Public Broadcasters in Belgium
Literacy of digital television policies: A case-study analysis of audiences’ knowledge and ‘willingness-to-know’ in Flanders, Belgium
This article explores what media users know about media policy, what they expect to know and if they care. We adopted a case-study approach, researching this question for the region of Flanders based on a combination of both quantitative and qualitative data. We focused on knowledge of digital television and compared these findings with knowledge on emerging Internet policies. One objective was to assess whether there is a difference between peop…
Media policy for private media in the age of digital platforms
Digital platforms such as Google, Facebook and Netflix have caused a watershed moment not only for markets and businesses but also for media policy. Concerns about the US-based digital platforms’ impact on national media markets have grown among European media businesses as well as policy makers. Media policy research argues that small media markets are particularly vulnerable to global players and foreign influence, but that market size must be …
The politics of pleasing: A critical analysis of multistakeholderism in Public Service Media policies in Flanders
This article focuses on contributions and pitfalls of multistakeholder approaches to Public Service Media policymaking. It asks whether the inclusion of stakeholders effectively leads to more coherent and sustainable policies or whether it mainly serves as window dressing and as additional inroad for the private sector to lobby against Public Service Media. First, we discuss multistakeholderism on the basis of deliberative democracy research and …
Media disruption and the public interest: How private media managers talk about responsibility to society in an era of turmoil
Digitization, new entrants and the disruption of business models prompt concern about the media’s societal mission. The article investigates how media managers conceptualize societal responsibility in an era of turmoil. Based on 20 semi-structured interviews with executive managers of private media companies in Norway and Flanders, the study reveals important differences in the definition of the public interest. While Flemish media managers empha…
Public service media beyond the digital hype: Distribution Strategies in a Platform Era
The notion of public service media is used to describe public broadcasters’ provision of services that contribute to the democratic, cultural and social objectives of society, and this on multiple devices and across various technologies. While most research focuses on the theoretical case for public service media, this contribution analyses how public broadcasters strategically position themselves as providers of public service media. What are th…
The Palgrave Handbook of Methods for Media Policy Research
Platform Power and Policy in Transforming Television Markets
Public service media beyond the digital hype: Distribution Strategies in a Platform Era
The notion of public service media is used to describe public broadcasters’ provision of services that contribute to the democratic, cultural and social objectives of society, and this on multiple devices and across various technologies. While most research focuses on the theoretical case for public service media, this contribution analyses how public broadcasters strategically position themselves as providers of public service media. What are th…
The rise of the ‘Netflix tax’ and what it means for sustaining European audiovisual markets
This article builds on comparative case study research of four EU countries which have imposed ‘Netflix taxes’ – France, Germany, Belgium (Flanders) and Italy. It examines to what extent the introduced investment obligations are actually future-proof as part of developing long term sustainable audiovisual policy toolkits. We argue that Netflix taxes are introduced in a path-dependent manner, by building on familiar policy instruments, previously …
Decline and fall of public service media values in the international content acquisition market: An analysis of small public broadcasters acquiring BBC Worldwide content
Taking the case of the relationship between small European public broadcasters and the international content sales activities of BBC Worldwide, this contribution analyses if and to what extent the commercial arm of public service media institution BBC is strengthening the hegemonic position of Anglo-Saxon content in European media markets, and undermining the objectives public broadcasters stand for. To this end, it takes a comparative approach, …
Of discourses, stakeholders and advocacy coalitions in media policy: Tracing negotiations towards the new management contract of Flemish public broadcaster VRT
Taking the run-up to the 2012–2016 management contract between Flemish public service broadcaster VRT and the Flemish government as a case study, this article analyses the role of the digital technology argument in debates and negotiations regarding the position of public service broadcasting (PSB) in the era of media convergence. It discusses the outcome of the 2011 contract negotiations as the result of the relative position and impact of diffe…
From Public Service Media Organisations to De-centralised Public Service for the Media Sector: A Comparative Analysis of Opportunities and Disadvantages
Ideas on plurality and competition in public broadcasting delivery have re-surfaced in discussions on the future of public surface media (PSM) on regular occasions in different geographical settings since the 1980s. This article analyses several of the debates on distributed public service, critically evaluating whether governments across Europe would indeed be "better off" should they choose a distributed and de-centralised model of public servi…
The politics of pleasing: A critical analysis of multistakeholderism in Public Service Media policies in Flanders
This article focuses on contributions and pitfalls of multistakeholder approaches to Public Service Media policymaking. It asks whether the inclusion of stakeholders effectively leads to more coherent and sustainable policies or whether it mainly serves as window dressing and as additional inroad for the private sector to lobby against Public Service Media. First, we discuss multistakeholderism on the basis of deliberative democracy research and …
Moving beyond the Borders of Top–Down Broadcasting: An Analysis of Younger Users’ Participation in Public Service Media
This article analyzes whether and to what extent public broadcasters have been able to transpose concepts like interaction, cocreation, and participation into actual media service delivery. The article theoretically frames this discussion, first, by defining and operationalizing interaction with, cocreation of, and participation in public service media (PSM), focusing mainly on participation, and, second, by analyzing the challenges that emerge f…
Platforms, people and politics: The challenges for public service media in Ireland
This article assesses the viability of RTÉ, Ireland’s main public service media (PSM) organization, as an institution and media organization against the backdrop of the largest challenges affecting PSM today. It questions the extent (1) the presence of global platforms, (2) shifting media use and (3) (continued) government support have affected the programming, structure and legitimacy of the Irish public broadcaster. The analytical framework tha…
Public service media as drivers of innovation: A case study analysis of policies and strategies in Spain, Ireland, and Belgium
In the post-broadcast era, public service media (PSM) organizations have to innovate, stay up-to-date with new ways of consuming content, and experiment with the manifold opportunities that interactivity offers for audience engagement. At the same time, they are still obligated to achieve their public service remit and guarantee that services comply with values such as universality, diversity, creativity, and innovation. This article analyzes the…
Media disruption and the public interest: How private media managers talk about responsibility to society in an era of turmoil
Digitization, new entrants and the disruption of business models prompt concern about the media’s societal mission. The article investigates how media managers conceptualize societal responsibility in an era of turmoil. Based on 20 semi-structured interviews with executive managers of private media companies in Norway and Flanders, the study reveals important differences in the definition of the public interest. While Flemish media managers empha…
Analysing national practices after European state aid control: Are multi-stakeholder negotiations beneficial for public service broadcasting
This article analyses the increasing emphasis on multi-stakeholder approaches in the development of public broadcasting policies. The European Commission, in particular, reinforces this trend, having pointed to the necessity of ‘third parties’ being involved in procedures that allow public broadcasters to expand activities to new media markets. The article’s research question is twofold. First, what type of multi-stakeholder approach has been adv…
Media policy for private media in the age of digital platforms
Digital platforms such as Google, Facebook and Netflix have caused a watershed moment not only for markets and businesses but also for media policy. Concerns about the US-based digital platforms’ impact on national media markets have grown among European media businesses as well as policy makers. Media policy research argues that small media markets are particularly vulnerable to global players and foreign influence, but that market size must be …
Ibermedia as a collaborative space for film co-production policy? A stakeholder analysis on decision-making processes
Ibermedia is the most important institution in the Ibero-American audiovisual space. It was created as a result of a bottom-up project that aims to include stakeholders in policy-making. The paper investigates the participation of stakeholders in the Ibermedia decision-making in order to assess if it maintains its original cooperative character. We applied the salience theory to identify who and why is being taken into account by the organization…
Platform policies in the European Union: Competition and public interest in media markets
This article examines which platform policies the European Commission has developed over the last couple of years and whether its policies are taking into account the differences in platform power. We first identify the main structures of platform power. Secondly, we confront the European Commission’s policies affecting media and communication platforms with those structures. Thirdly, we discuss whether what the European Commission is doing will …
Regulating digital platform power
Preview this article: Regulating digital platform power, Page 1 of 1 /docserver/preview/fulltext/jdmp/11/3/jdmp.11.3.235-1.gif
Mercosur caught between lofty ambitions and modest achievements: A critical analysis of 16 years of audiovisual policy-making
This paper presents a critical analysis of Mercosur’s audiovisual policy. It is based on qualitative document analysis combined with a goal-means tree analysis methodology. The confrontation of the goals and the means in this manner makes it possible to identify structural problems in the development of RECAM, which is the Specialized Meeting of Audiovisual and Cinematographic Authorities of Mercosur and Associated States. Expert interviews and a…
Do ‘we’ really matter? An analysis of user motivations for online interaction with public service radio
In public service media (‘PSM’) literature and policy documents, many assumptions are being made about the increasingly active relationship users have with the media that they ‘consume’. Moreover, in recent years public broadcasters have adopted a more consumerist logic, often conceptualizing users as consumers and not as citizens. This study aims to bring in a user-centred approach in PSM theory and empirical research. More specifically, we stud…
Introduction: All or nothing? From public service broadcasting to public service media, to public service ‘anything
This special issue brings together expert articles on the ways in which different European countries are tackling the difficulty of defining the role of public service broadcasting (PSB) and PSB institutions in the new media ecology. It contains a selection of articles that have a look at the regulatory and policy answers to PSB’s changing role in society. The introduction to the special issue frames the articles within the broader choices and id…
Signal integrity’ in the Audiovisual Media Services Directive: Process, positions and policies examined and explained
Technological convergence has pushed the broadcasting value chain into a state of imbalance. The updated Audiovisual Media Services Directive with its provision on signal integrity attempts to recalibrate the power relations in the value chain while also aspiring to achieve cultural objectives. By triangulating qualitative research methods, we investigate what signal integrity is from a legal and technical perspective, we identify the cases in wh…
Is zero rating the end of net neutrality and the open internet? An analysis of business practices and policy approaches
The open internet and net neutrality are intertwined. People debate whether net neutrality safeguards part of the open internet or not. The commercial aspect is paramount. Zero rating is one of these practices that is often discussed, especially in relation to developing countries. The open internet regulation addresses commercial practices. It is, however, vague and can be interpreted in multiple ways. To answer the question if zero rating is go…
Literacy of digital television policies: A case-study analysis of audiences’ knowledge and ‘willingness-to-know’ in Flanders, Belgium
This article explores what media users know about media policy, what they expect to know and if they care. We adopted a case-study approach, researching this question for the region of Flanders based on a combination of both quantitative and qualitative data. We focused on knowledge of digital television and compared these findings with knowledge on emerging Internet policies. One objective was to assess whether there is a difference between peop…
From centralized to distributed public service media: An analysis of market and public value-driven arguments
In recent years, various regulators and advisory bodies have advocated for distributed public service models or at least explored its validity. This article aims to analyse the arguments for stepping away from centralized to distributed PSM systems. It questions whether proposals for distributed offers envisage distributed PSM as a complement or as a replacement of existing PSM organizations, whether motives are based on market failure or public …
The introduction of an ex ante evaluation for new media services: Is Europe asking for it, or does public service broadcasting need it
In a digital age, national legislators face difficulties in adapting the regulatory framework within which public broadcasters deliver services to the wider audience. Often, rules are still orientated towards the traditional delivery of radio and television programmes. The importance of new media and innovation is mentioned, but not thoroughly dealt with. Policy-makers stick to the superficial adaptation of legislation and fail to fundamentally r…
The introduction of an ex ante evaluation for new media services: Is Europe asking for it, or does public service broadcasting need it
In a digital age, national legislators face difficulties in adapting the regulatory framework within which public broadcasters deliver services to the wider audience. Often, rules are still orientated towards the traditional delivery of radio and television programmes. The importance of new media and innovation is mentioned, but not thoroughly dealt with. Policy-makers stick to the superficial adaptation of legislation and fail to fundamentally r…
Public Service Media and Policy in Europe
From Public Service Broadcasting to Public Service Media
Since the 1920s public service broadcasting (PSB) has gone through a number of transitions. In order to put current topical debates on public service media and policy in Europe in perspective, this chapter documents these transitions. An analytical distinction is made between three phases: monopoly (1920s–70s), liberalisation (mid-1970s to mid-1990s) and a new media environment (late 1990s onwards). Most scholars make a distinction between two or…
Analysing national practices after European state aid control: Are multi-stakeholder negotiations beneficial for public service broadcasting
This article analyses the increasing emphasis on multi-stakeholder approaches in the development of public broadcasting policies. The European Commission, in particular, reinforces this trend, having pointed to the necessity of ‘third parties’ being involved in procedures that allow public broadcasters to expand activities to new media markets. The article’s research question is twofold. First, what type of multi-stakeholder approach has been adv…
Introduction: All or nothing? From public service broadcasting to public service media, to public service ‘anything
This special issue brings together expert articles on the ways in which different European countries are tackling the difficulty of defining the role of public service broadcasting (PSB) and PSB institutions in the new media ecology. It contains a selection of articles that have a look at the regulatory and policy answers to PSB’s changing role in society. The introduction to the special issue frames the articles within the broader choices and id…
Private Television in Western Europe
Private Television in Western Europe: Content, Markets, Policies describes, analyses and evaluates the phenomenon of private television in Europe, clustered around the themes of European and national
Pitfalls and Obstacles of Media Policymaking in an Age of Digital Convergence: The Flemish Signal Integrity Case
Technological convergence is remaking and even erasing the borders between industries once considered separate, and is forcing policymakers to evolve new regulatory frameworks for a rapidly changing industrial environment. Using the advocacy coalition framework, the authors investigate a struggle by Flemish broadcasters against video distributors to protect the integrity of their broadcast signals. The authors argue that the case may be an indica…
Introduction: Private television in Europe: Connecting to the future
Of discourses, stakeholders and advocacy coalitions in media policy: Tracing negotiations towards the new management contract of Flemish public broadcaster VRT
Taking the run-up to the 2012–2016 management contract between Flemish public service broadcaster VRT and the Flemish government as a case study, this article analyses the role of the digital technology argument in debates and negotiations regarding the position of public service broadcasting (PSB) in the era of media convergence. It discusses the outcome of the 2011 contract negotiations as the result of the relative position and impact of diffe…
From centralized to distributed public service media: An analysis of market and public value-driven arguments
In recent years, various regulators and advisory bodies have advocated for distributed public service models or at least explored its validity. This article aims to analyse the arguments for stepping away from centralized to distributed PSM systems. It questions whether proposals for distributed offers envisage distributed PSM as a complement or as a replacement of existing PSM organizations, whether motives are based on market failure or public …
Moving beyond the Borders of Top–Down Broadcasting: An Analysis of Younger Users’ Participation in Public Service Media
This article analyzes whether and to what extent public broadcasters have been able to transpose concepts like interaction, cocreation, and participation into actual media service delivery. The article theoretically frames this discussion, first, by defining and operationalizing interaction with, cocreation of, and participation in public service media (PSM), focusing mainly on participation, and, second, by analyzing the challenges that emerge f…
From Public Service Media Organisations to De-centralised Public Service for the Media Sector: A Comparative Analysis of Opportunities and Disadvantages
Ideas on plurality and competition in public broadcasting delivery have re-surfaced in discussions on the future of public surface media (PSM) on regular occasions in different geographical settings since the 1980s. This article analyses several of the debates on distributed public service, critically evaluating whether governments across Europe would indeed be "better off" should they choose a distributed and de-centralised model of public servi…
Decline and fall of public service media values in the international content acquisition market: An analysis of small public broadcasters acquiring BBC Worldwide content
Taking the case of the relationship between small European public broadcasters and the international content sales activities of BBC Worldwide, this contribution analyses if and to what extent the commercial arm of public service media institution BBC is strengthening the hegemonic position of Anglo-Saxon content in European media markets, and undermining the objectives public broadcasters stand for. To this end, it takes a comparative approach, …
Do ‘we’ really matter? An analysis of user motivations for online interaction with public service radio
In public service media (‘PSM’) literature and policy documents, many assumptions are being made about the increasingly active relationship users have with the media that they ‘consume’. Moreover, in recent years public broadcasters have adopted a more consumerist logic, often conceptualizing users as consumers and not as citizens. This study aims to bring in a user-centred approach in PSM theory and empirical research. More specifically, we stud…
Platform Power and Policy in Transforming Television Markets
Talking to People III: Expert Interviews and Elite Interviews
Public Service Media in a Divided Country: Governance and Functioning of Public Broadcasters in Belgium
Literacy of digital television policies: A case-study analysis of audiences’ knowledge and ‘willingness-to-know’ in Flanders, Belgium
This article explores what media users know about media policy, what they expect to know and if they care. We adopted a case-study approach, researching this question for the region of Flanders based on a combination of both quantitative and qualitative data. We focused on knowledge of digital television and compared these findings with knowledge on emerging Internet policies. One objective was to assess whether there is a difference between peop…
Media policy for private media in the age of digital platforms
Digital platforms such as Google, Facebook and Netflix have caused a watershed moment not only for markets and businesses but also for media policy. Concerns about the US-based digital platforms’ impact on national media markets have grown among European media businesses as well as policy makers. Media policy research argues that small media markets are particularly vulnerable to global players and foreign influence, but that market size must be …
The politics of pleasing: A critical analysis of multistakeholderism in Public Service Media policies in Flanders
This article focuses on contributions and pitfalls of multistakeholder approaches to Public Service Media policymaking. It asks whether the inclusion of stakeholders effectively leads to more coherent and sustainable policies or whether it mainly serves as window dressing and as additional inroad for the private sector to lobby against Public Service Media. First, we discuss multistakeholderism on the basis of deliberative democracy research and …
Media disruption and the public interest: How private media managers talk about responsibility to society in an era of turmoil
Digitization, new entrants and the disruption of business models prompt concern about the media’s societal mission. The article investigates how media managers conceptualize societal responsibility in an era of turmoil. Based on 20 semi-structured interviews with executive managers of private media companies in Norway and Flanders, the study reveals important differences in the definition of the public interest. While Flemish media managers empha…
Public service media beyond the digital hype: Distribution Strategies in a Platform Era
The notion of public service media is used to describe public broadcasters’ provision of services that contribute to the democratic, cultural and social objectives of society, and this on multiple devices and across various technologies. While most research focuses on the theoretical case for public service media, this contribution analyses how public broadcasters strategically position themselves as providers of public service media. What are th…
The Palgrave Handbook of Methods for Media Policy Research
Reach or Trust Optimisation? A Citizen Trust Analysis in the Flemish Public Broadcaster VRT
In democracies, one of Public Service Media’s (PSM) main roles is to inform the public. In a digital news ecosystem, where commercial, citizen, and alternative news sources have multiplied, questions about the ability and need for PSM to fulfil this role are increasingly being raised. While the role of PSM can and should be scrutinized, a too-narrow a focus on an informed citizenry may obfuscate aspects, other than audience reach and objectivity,…
Platform policies in the European Union: Competition and public interest in media markets
This article examines which platform policies the European Commission has developed over the last couple of years and whether its policies are taking into account the differences in platform power. We first identify the main structures of platform power. Secondly, we confront the European Commission’s policies affecting media and communication platforms with those structures. Thirdly, we discuss whether what the European Commission is doing will …
Political science (35 works) · Business (29 works) · Public relations (24 works) · Computer Science (19 works) · Media Studies and Communication (19 works) · Marketing (16 works) · Law (15 works) · Public service (15 works) · Sociology (14 works) · Politics (13 works)