Mark Walters
Biographic Data
| ID | 4586313 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mark Walters |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mark |
| FAMILY NAME | Walters |
| SIGNATURE | WALTERS M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Stephen F. Austin State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0915-7840 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 72 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 83 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 72 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Hate in Word and Deed: The Temporal Association Between Online and Offline Islamophobia
Responding to hate incidents on university campuses: Benefits and barriers to establishing a restorative justice programme
This study examines staff and student perspectives of the use of restorative justice approaches to respond to student-on-student hate crime, hate incidents, and hate speech on university campuses. It draws on qualitative data collated over a one-year period, during the design and establishment of a restorative programme entitled ‘Restore Respect’ at two UK universities. Highlighting examples of students’ experiences of prejudice and hate across t…
Enhancing Punishment or Repairing Harms? Perceptions of Sentencing Hate Crimes Amongst Members of a Commonly Targeted Victim Group
This article investigates the attitudes and emotional reactions of LGBT+ people to enhanced sentencing (ES) and restorative justice (RJ) interventions for hate crime. When forced to choose between interventions, our survey (N = 589) found a preference for the use of RJ over ES, which was perceived to be better at reducing reoffending and supporting victims. Nevertheless, the study found greater average levels of support for the use of ES for hate…
Developments in the use of restorative justice for hate crime
A.V. Dicey and the Common Law Constitutional Tradition: A Legal Turn of Mind
In the common law world, Albert Venn Dicey (1835–1922) is known as the high priest of orthodox constitutional theory, as an ideological and nationalistic positivist. In his analytical coldness, his celebration of sovereign power, and his incessant drive to organize and codify legal rules separate from moral values or political realities, Dicey is an uncanny figure. This book challenges this received view of Dicey. Through a re-examination of his …
Group identity, empathy and shared suffering: Understanding the ‘community’ impacts of anti-LGBT and Islamophobic hate crimes
This article examines the indirect impacts of hate crimes on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and Muslim communities in the United Kingdom. Based on 34 qualitative interviews, we explore both the perceived meaning of ‘community’ in the context of targeted victimization and the emotional and behavioural effects that anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and Islamophobic hate crimes have on other members of the victim’s group. Building …
Current Research: Recent Documentation of Ceramic Vessels and Other Funerary Objects in the Titus Phase Cemetery at the Tuck Carpenter Site, Camp County, Texas
Recently, we had the opportunity to complete the documentation of Late Caddo period Titus phase ceramic vessels and other funerary offerings from the Tuck Carpenter site (41CP5) in the Big Cypress Creek basin in Camp County, Texas. This portion of the funerary assemblage from the site has been in the hands of R. W. Walsh since the 1960s. Unable to properly care for the assemblage, he recently donated his collection to an anonymous individual, who…
The British Legal Tradition in Canadian Constitutional Law
This chapter examines the influence of the British legal tradition within Canadian constitutional law. The foundational text of Canada’s constitution, the British North America Act, 1867, was adopted when Canada was still a UK colony, and so it is hardly surprising that this influence would prove to be important—even after Canada emerged as an independent state. Still, the assertion in the preamble to the 1867 Act, that Canada’s constitution is ‘…
Disability in Motion: Aesthetics, Embodiment, Sensation, and the Emergence of Modern Vestibular Science inthe Nineteenth Century
Southwestern Pottery Sherd from the Caddo Creek Valley in the Upper Neches River Basin of East Texas
There are material culture remains found on East Texas sites that provide direct evidence of farflung contacts between East Texas’s native American peoples and native American communities in the Southwest (see Baugh 1998). Such material culture items include obsidian from the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico (Perttula and Hester 2016), turquoise from New Mexico sources (Walters 2006), and sherds from ceramic vessels made in the Puebloan Southwest (H…
Archaeological Investigations at the Bowles Creek Site (41CE475), Cherokee County, Texas, in Early 2017
The Bowles Creek is a substantial Historic Caddo period Allen phase settlement on a natural rise in the Bowles Creek floodplain in the Neches River basin in East Texas. There have been several rounds of work completed at the site since it was first recorded by Stingley, including shovel testing, the excavation of 1 x 1 m units, and the remote sensing of a 2400 square meter area. In this article, we discuss the archaeological findings from work do…
Caddo Ceramic Vessels from Lake Sam Rayburn Sites
The distinctive Caddo ceramic vessels from the lower Neches–Angelina (i.e., Lake Sam Rayburn) and the lower Sabine (i.e., Toledo Bend Reservoir) river basins are not well understood, due to current cultural phase taxonomic difficulties and poorly defined ceramic assemblages. Sites in these areas were included in the Angelina focus by Jelks, which was a “broadly defined unit encompassing the entire Caddoan [sic] sequence in the Lake Sam Rayburn lo…
Ceramic Vessels from Caddo Sites in Wood County, Texas
This article concerns the documentation of 54 ceramic vessels in the collections of the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL) from seven ancestral Caddo sites in Wood County in East Texas (Figure 1). This includes vessels from A. C. Gibson (41WD1, n=2 vessels), J. H. Reese (41WD2, n=26), H. D. Spigner (41WD4, n=17), Mattie Dial (41WD5, n=2), B. F. Cathey (41WD14, n=2), J. H. Baker (41WD33, n=4), and 4…
Caddo Ceramic Vessels from the Paul Mitchell Site (41BW4) on the Red River, Bowie County, Texas
The Paul Mitchell site (41BW4) is an ancestral Caddo habitation site and cemetery in the larger ancestral and historic occupation of the Upper Nasoni Village on the Red River in Bowie County, in the northeastern corner of the present state of Texas (Figure 1). Extensive excavations were conducted at the site in the 1930s by both professional and avocational archaeologists, and in the 1940s by an avocational archaeologist. The Paul Mitchell site i…
Incised–Punctated Utility Ware Sherds from Lake Sam Rayburn Ancestral Caddo Sites
One of the more distinctive of the decorative methods represented in the ancestral Caddo ceramic assemblages from Lake Sam Rayburn sites is sherds and vessels with incised–punctated decorative elements. This diversity in the range and character of sherds and vessels with incised–punctated decorative elements is also the case in ancestral Caddo sites on the Sabine River and tributaries in the Toledo Bend Reservoir area of East Texas and Northwest …
Public law and ordinary legal method: Revisiting Dicey’s approach to droit administratif
In this article, the author considers the basic character of public law in the common law tradition by returning to AV Dicey’s famous assertion that public law is ‘ordinary’ law. Dicey made this claim in the course of articulating a theory of the rule of law within the common law tradition, and he juxtaposed that theory with the idea of public law within the civil law tradition, using French droit administratif as his central target of attack. Di…
Caddo Ceramic Vessel Sherds in a 2004 Surface Collection from the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas
The T. M. Sanders site (41LR2) is one of the more important ancestral Caddo sites known in East Texas, primarily because of its two earthen mounds and the well-preserved mortuary features of Caddo elite persons buried in Mound No. 1 (the East Mound), as well as its extensive (200+ acres) habitation deposits and material culture remains of the Middle Caddo and Historic Caddo period components. The T. M. Sanders site is located on a broad alluvial …
Historic Caddo Archaeological Sites in Cherokee County, Texas
The historic archaeology of the Caddo Indian peoples in East Texas has been the subject of considerable interest by Caddo archaeologists for a number of years. Much of that interest has been focused on the investigation of the effects of European contact on Caddo cultural traditions and practices, particularly the impact of introduced European epidemic diseases, and the impact of Spanish, French, and American colonization efforts. In recent years…
Caddo Archaeology in the Caddo Creek Valley of the Upper Neches River Basin, Anderson and Henderson Counties, Texas
Caddo Creek is a generally eastward-flowing tributary of the Neches River that originates in Henderson County in East Texas. The creek flows ca. 30 km to its confluence with the Neches River, just south of the A. C. Saunders site (41AN19), one of the more important ancestral Caddo mound centers in this part of East Texas. Caddo Creek flows from west to east across the eastern edge of the Post Oak Savannah and into the Pineywoods physiographic reg…
An Examination of Six “Nutting Stones” from East Texas for Plant Phytoliths
In this article we report on an examination of six nutting stones from East Texas sites as well as an exploratory examination of their possible functions. “Nutting stones” have long been presumed to have been used prehistorically for crushing nuts such as hickory, etc. as foodstuffs. In fact Davis described them as being: A small flat stone, usually made of limestone, sandstone or other sedimentary types of rock which could be carried by hand. Th…
The Sanders Site (41LR2): A Middle to Historic Caddo Settlement and Mound Center on the Red River in Lamar County, Texas
The T. M. Sanders site (41LR2) is one of the more important (although still not well known or intensively studied) ancestral Caddo sites known in East Texas, primarily because of its two earthen mounds and the well-preserved mortuary features of Caddo elite persons buried in Mound No. 1 (the East Mound). Archaeological work began at the site in 1931 by The University of Texas at Austin, with sporadic work by members of the Dallas Archeological So…
Woodland and Caddo Period Sites at Toledo Bend Reservoir, Northwest Louisiana and East Texas
Toledo Bend Reservoir is one of the largest artificial lakes in the United States and the largest reservoir in the South. The lake is approximately 65 miles long and contains over 1200 miles of shoreline in both Louisiana and Texas. Construction began in 1964 with completion of the power plant, with the subsequent filling of the lake in 1969. Archaeological investigations at Toledo Bend Reservoir on the Sabine River and tributaries in both Louisi…
Documentation of Caddo Funerary Objects from the Crenshaw Site (3MI6) in the Gilcrease Museum Collections
This report is one in a series of reports produced and published by the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, Cultural Preservation Program, that concern the documentation of funerary objects in museum facilities that are subject to the provisions and regulations of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) (Gonzalez et al. 2005; Cast et al. 2006; Perttula et al. 2007, 2009a, 2009b, 2010). These documentation studies have been done …
Renewed Archaeological Investigations at the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas
At the request of one of the landowners, Ms. Julia Crawford, renewed archaeological investigations took place at the renowned Sanders site (41LR2) in November 2013. These investigations consisted solely of a pedestrian survey of the main part of the Sanders site—the location of two ancestral Caddo earthen mounds and associated habitation deposits—on a broad alluvial terrace (450 ft. amsl) of the Red River, in conjunction with a surface collection…
Documentation of Caddo Vessels in the Robert L. Turner Collection at Stephen F. Austin State University
Perttula and colleagues documented more than 300 ceramic vessels in the Robert L. Turner, Jr. collection from ancestral Caddo burial sites in East Texas, primarily from the Big Cypress Creek basin, but also including vessels from sites in the middle Sabine, lower Sulphur River, and Neches/Angelina River basins. When the Turner collection was donated to Stephen F. Austin State University (SFASU) in 2012, it was noted that some of the vessels in th…
Group identity, empathy and shared suffering: Understanding the ‘community’ impacts of anti-LGBT and Islamophobic hate crimes
This article examines the indirect impacts of hate crimes on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and Muslim communities in the United Kingdom. Based on 34 qualitative interviews, we explore both the perceived meaning of ‘community’ in the context of targeted victimization and the emotional and behavioural effects that anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and Islamophobic hate crimes have on other members of the victim’s group. Building …
The Bryan Hardy Site (41SM55), Smith County, Texas
The authors put on record archeological data obtained by Mr. Walters' late uncle Sam Whiteside from the Bryan Hardy site (41SM55) in Smith County, Texas. Mr. Whiteside was an active avocational archeologist in East Texas during the late 1950s and early 1960s, and he recorded numerous prehistoric sites on Prairie Creek and Ray Creek in Smith County, and the Jamestown (41SM54) and Boxed Springs (41UR30) mound sites on the Sabine River. An abrupt il…
Historic Caddo Archaeological Sites in Cherokee County, Texas
The historic archaeology of the Caddo Indian peoples in East Texas has been the subject of considerable interest by Caddo archaeologists for a number of years. Much of that interest has been focused on the investigation of the effects of European contact on Caddo cultural traditions and practices, particularly the impact of introduced European epidemic diseases, and the impact of Spanish, French, and American colonization efforts. In recent years…
Little Cypress Creek Basin Archaeology: Six Late Caddo Period Cemeteries in Upshur County, Texas
Our concern in this report is to present the archaeological findings from six Late Caddo (ca. A.D. 1450-1680) cemetery sites in the Little Cypress Creek basin in Upshur County, in East Texas. These are the Enis Smith (41 UR317), Henry Williams (41UR318), I. P. Starr (41 UR319), Herbert Taft (41 UR320), Frank Smith (41 UR326), and Frank Smith Refinery (41 UR327) sites. There are two other large Late Caddo cemeteries in this same area that will als…
The Common Law Constitution in Canada: Return of lex non scripta as Fundamental Law
Documentation of Caddo Funerary Objects in the Gilcrease Museum Collections
This report is the latest in a series of reports produced and published by the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, Historic Preservation Program, that concern the documentation of funerary objects in museum facilities that are subject to the provisions and regulations of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). These documentation studies have been done either with grants from the National Park Service, or through funding provid…
Caddo Pottery Vessels and Pipes from Sites in the Middle and Upper Sabine and Upper Neches River Basins, Smith and Wood Counties, Texas
This report documents two collections of Caddo ceramic vessels and pipes from sites of prehistoric to early historic age in Smith and Wood counties, Texas, in the upper Sabine and upper Neches river basins in East Texas. Most of these Caddo artifacts are from the J. A. Walters collection, with the remainder being from the Bernie Ward collection
Caddo Archaeology in the Caddo Creek Valley of the Upper Neches River Basin, Anderson and Henderson Counties, Texas
Caddo Creek is a generally eastward-flowing tributary of the Neches River that originates in Henderson County in East Texas. The creek flows ca. 30 km to its confluence with the Neches River, just south of the A. C. Saunders site (41AN19), one of the more important ancestral Caddo mound centers in this part of East Texas. Caddo Creek flows from west to east across the eastern edge of the Post Oak Savannah and into the Pineywoods physiographic reg…
The Sanders Site (41LR2): A Middle to Historic Caddo Settlement and Mound Center on the Red River in Lamar County, Texas
The T. M. Sanders site (41LR2) is one of the more important (although still not well known or intensively studied) ancestral Caddo sites known in East Texas, primarily because of its two earthen mounds and the well-preserved mortuary features of Caddo elite persons buried in Mound No. 1 (the East Mound). Archaeological work began at the site in 1931 by The University of Texas at Austin, with sporadic work by members of the Dallas Archeological So…
Common Law, Reason, and Sovereign Will
Archaeological Investigations at the Redwine Site (41SM193), Smith County, Texas
The Redwine site (41SM193) is a probable Middle Caddoan habitation site located on an upland terrace (Figure I) on the headwaters of Auburn Creek, a small tributary of the Sabine River in central Smith County; the Angelina River drainage basin begins about 1.5 km to the south of the site. Auburn Creek is about 100 meters to the north of the site. The Sabine River lies approximately 24 km to the north. Soils on the Redwine site are Bowie fine sand…
Caddo Ceramic Vessel Sherds in a 2004 Surface Collection from the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas
The T. M. Sanders site (41LR2) is one of the more important ancestral Caddo sites known in East Texas, primarily because of its two earthen mounds and the well-preserved mortuary features of Caddo elite persons buried in Mound No. 1 (the East Mound), as well as its extensive (200+ acres) habitation deposits and material culture remains of the Middle Caddo and Historic Caddo period components. The T. M. Sanders site is located on a broad alluvial …
Woodland and Caddo Period Sites at Toledo Bend Reservoir, Northwest Louisiana and East Texas
Toledo Bend Reservoir is one of the largest artificial lakes in the United States and the largest reservoir in the South. The lake is approximately 65 miles long and contains over 1200 miles of shoreline in both Louisiana and Texas. Construction began in 1964 with completion of the power plant, with the subsequent filling of the lake in 1969. Archaeological investigations at Toledo Bend Reservoir on the Sabine River and tributaries in both Louisi…
Certain Caddo Sites on Stone Chimney Creek, Cherokee County, Texas
Limited archaeological investigations coupled with private landowner’s surface collections on Stone Chimney Creek in northwestern Cherokee County, Texas has resulted in the recording of nine new Caddo sites, several of which appear to have been occupied after ca. A.D. 1650 in the Allen phase. The landowner had collected artifacts on his farm and contacted the Texas Historical Commission (THC) about getting information about them, who in turn cont…
Early 1960s Excavations at the Sam Kaufman Site (41RR16), Red River County, Texas
The Sam Kaufman site (41RR6, also known as the Arnold Roitsch site for a time) is a well-known Caddo Indian village along Mound Prairie and the Red River in Red River County, Texas. There have been a number of reported archaeological investigations, as well as bioarchaeological studies, at the site, and at other nearby sites since the 1930s. This article reports on previously unknown investigations conducted by Buddy Calvin Jones in December 1961…
Exploring the everyday world of hate victimization through community mediation
For some time, hate crimes were conceptualized as acts of hatred committed by strangers – typically as violent attacks against people perceived to be different from the attacker. Considering hate as an aggravating feature resulted in increasingly punitive and exclusionary criminal justice and sentencing legislation. Left out of this picture were the messier, sometimes intractable disputes between people known to one another – neighbours, colleagu…
The Lake Clear (41SM243) Site and Crotalus horridus atricaudatus
I fell heir to a collection of prehistoric Caddo sherds from my late Uncle Sam Whiteside and a location on a 7.5’ topographic map labeled Lake Clear. Sam Whiteside during the period from the mid-1950s to the late 1960s was very active in the East Texas area working through the old East Texas Archeological Society headquartered in Tyler, Texas. The name Lake Clear was vaguely familiar but a check of local maps failed to reveal its location. Howeve…
An Early Caddoan Period Cremation from the Boxed Springs Mound Site (41UR30) in Upshur County, Texas, and a Report on Previous Archaeological Investigations
The Boxed Springs Mound site (41UR30) is one of three major Early Caddoan (ca. A.D. 900- t 200) multiple mound centers in the Sabine River basin of northeastern Texas, the others including the Jamestown (41SM54) and Hudnall-Pirtle (41RK4) sites upstream and downstream, respectively, from Boxed Springs. It is situated on a large and prominent upland ridge projection that extends from a bluff on the Sabine River about 500 m north to where the landf…
Southwestern Pottery Sherd from the Caddo Creek Valley in the Upper Neches River Basin of East Texas
There are material culture remains found on East Texas sites that provide direct evidence of farflung contacts between East Texas’s native American peoples and native American communities in the Southwest (see Baugh 1998). Such material culture items include obsidian from the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico (Perttula and Hester 2016), turquoise from New Mexico sources (Walters 2006), and sherds from ceramic vessels made in the Puebloan Southwest (H…
Incised–Punctated Utility Ware Sherds from Lake Sam Rayburn Ancestral Caddo Sites
One of the more distinctive of the decorative methods represented in the ancestral Caddo ceramic assemblages from Lake Sam Rayburn sites is sherds and vessels with incised–punctated decorative elements. This diversity in the range and character of sherds and vessels with incised–punctated decorative elements is also the case in ancestral Caddo sites on the Sabine River and tributaries in the Toledo Bend Reservoir area of East Texas and Northwest …
Renewed Archaeological Investigations at the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas
At the request of one of the landowners, Ms. Julia Crawford, renewed archaeological investigations took place at the renowned Sanders site (41LR2) in November 2013. These investigations consisted solely of a pedestrian survey of the main part of the Sanders site—the location of two ancestral Caddo earthen mounds and associated habitation deposits—on a broad alluvial terrace (450 ft. amsl) of the Red River, in conjunction with a surface collection…
Documentation of Caddo Vessels in the Robert L. Turner Collection at Stephen F. Austin State University
Perttula and colleagues documented more than 300 ceramic vessels in the Robert L. Turner, Jr. collection from ancestral Caddo burial sites in East Texas, primarily from the Big Cypress Creek basin, but also including vessels from sites in the middle Sabine, lower Sulphur River, and Neches/Angelina River basins. When the Turner collection was donated to Stephen F. Austin State University (SFASU) in 2012, it was noted that some of the vessels in th…
Caddo Ceramic Vessels from Sites in the Upper Neches River Basin of East Texas, Anderson and Cherokee Counties, Texas
This report concerns the analysis and documentation of 129 ancestral Caddo ceramic vessels from seven burial/cemetery sites in the upper Neches River basin in East Texas: R. L. Jowell (41AN13, n=13 vessels), Mrs. Emma Owens (41AN21, n=1 vessel), Richard Patton (41AN26, n=29 vessels), Pierce Freeman (41AN34, n=19 vessels), E. W. Hackney (41CE6, n=8 vessels), Jim P. Allen (41CE12, n=55 vessels), and R. F. Wallace (41CE20, n=1 vessel). These sites a…
Caddo Sites in the Saline Creek Basin in Northern Smith County, Texas
This article concerns the documentation of the artifacts from four prehistoric Caddo sites in the Saline Creek drainage basin in the Post Oak Savannah in northern Smith County, Texas. Saline Creek is a northward-flowing tributary to the Sabine River. The Caddo sites are ca. 10 km south of the confluence of Saline Creek with the Sabine River. Saline Creek enters into the Sabine River about 6 km east (downstream) of the confluence of a major tribut…
Life on Jackson Creek, Smith County, Texas: Archeological Investigations of a 14th Century Caddo Domicile at the Leaning Rock Site (41SM325)
The 14th century Caddo Leaning Rock site was initially discovered in the Fall of 2004. It was located during reconnaissance to search out a location for the survey portion of the Texas Archeologica! Society's Academy IO I held in Tyler in February 2005. This was not a formal survey with transect lines. nor one using regularly spaced shovel tests. but was rather more of a "windshield"' type survey, consisting of driving across pasture lands lookin…
Ecological Unity and Political Fragmentation: The Implications of the Brundtland Report for the Canadian Constitutional Order
Using the recommendations of the Brundtland Report and the "Green Report" of the Canadian Council of Resource and Environment Ministers as a basis for analysis, the author discusses Canadian environmental policy and natural resources management within a constitutional setting. The author asserts that by failing to expressly address the constitutional implications that these issues raise, namely, that the natural environment must be conceptualized…
The Extension of Colonial Criminal Jurisdiction over the Aboriginal Peoples of Upper Canada: Reconsidering the Shawanakiskie Case (1822-26)
Mark D. Walters, The Extension of Colonial Criminal Jurisdiction over the Aboriginal Peoples of Upper Canada: Reconsidering the Shawanakiskie Case (1822-26), The University of Toronto Law Journal, Vol. 46, No. 2 (Spring, 1996), pp. 273-310
A Keno Trailed Vessel from the Spoonbill Site in Wood County, Texas
A Keno Trailed vessel was discovered by J. A. Walters in 1967 at the Spoonbill Caddo site (41WD109) on the east side of Caney Creek in Wood County, Texas. The site is on a terrace 0.75 miles from Caney Creek, and 0.5 miles east of Crane Lake, a natural lake in the Caney Creek floodplain. The Spoonbill site was later investigated by Southern Methodist University archaeologists in 1 CJ79, prior to the creation of Lake Fork Reservoir. During constru…
Archaeological Investigations at the Redwine Site (41SM193), Smith County, Texas
The Redwine site (41SM193) is a probable Middle Caddoan habitation site located on an upland terrace (Figure I) on the headwaters of Auburn Creek, a small tributary of the Sabine River in central Smith County; the Angelina River drainage basin begins about 1.5 km to the south of the site. Auburn Creek is about 100 meters to the north of the site. The Sabine River lies approximately 24 km to the north. Soils on the Redwine site are Bowie fine sand…
Nationalism and the Pathology of Legal Systems: Considering the Quebec Secession Reference and its Lessons for the United Kingdom
The Bryan Hardy Site (41SM55), Smith County, Texas
The authors put on record archeological data obtained by Mr. Walters' late uncle Sam Whiteside from the Bryan Hardy site (41SM55) in Smith County, Texas. Mr. Whiteside was an active avocational archeologist in East Texas during the late 1950s and early 1960s, and he recorded numerous prehistoric sites on Prairie Creek and Ray Creek in Smith County, and the Jamestown (41SM54) and Boxed Springs (41UR30) mound sites on the Sabine River. An abrupt il…
An Early Caddoan Period Cremation from the Boxed Springs Mound Site (41UR30) in Upshur County, Texas, and a Report on Previous Archaeological Investigations
The Boxed Springs Mound site (41UR30) is one of three major Early Caddoan (ca. A.D. 900- t 200) multiple mound centers in the Sabine River basin of northeastern Texas, the others including the Jamestown (41SM54) and Hudnall-Pirtle (41RK4) sites upstream and downstream, respectively, from Boxed Springs. It is situated on a large and prominent upland ridge projection that extends from a bluff on the Sabine River about 500 m north to where the landf…
Archaeological Investigation of an Oil Well Pad Disturbance at the Tom Moore Site (41PN149), Panola County, Texas
The Tom Moore site (41PN149) is situated on the east slope of a circular-shaped landform at the highest point of a steeply-sloping upland in the Irons Bayou valley in Panola County, Texas. Irons Bayou, 1.2 km to the west of the site, flows east to its confluence with the Sabine River. A small tributary of Irons Bayou is 600 m to the south. Soils here are a brown sandy loam overlying a very hard red clay B-horizon. Like most of East Texas, the lan…
Archaeological Investigations and Oxidizable Carbon Ratio Dates from 41RK476, Rusk County, Texas
Volunteer survey work on a section of Rabbit Creek in Rusk County, Texas, found a possible buried midden deposit at 41RK476. This ongoing survey, which has resulted in 10 new sites being recorded, was conducted with the assistance of Bryan Boyd, also a member of the Texas Archeological Society and the Texas Archeological Stewards Network. Also aiding with shovel tests were Bo Nelson, Patti Haskins, Tim Perttula, and Bobby Gonzalez. Of particular …
The Common Law Constitution in Canada: Return of lex non scripta as Fundamental Law
The James Owens Site (41TT769) in the Sulphur River Basin of Northeast Texas
The James Owens site (41TT769) is an apparent Middle to Late Caddoan settlement that was investigated in June 2001 at the request of the landowner, Mr. James Owens of Irving, Texas. The landowner is planning on building a house here in the future, and during the course of clearing the land and constructing a gravel drive way to the future house site, he noted some archeological materials on the surface. Discussions between Mr. Owens, Bryan Boyd (…
Common Law, Reason, and Sovereign Will
The Wolf Site (41SM195), Smith County, Texas
The Wolf site (41SM195) is a prehistoric Caddo site located in eastern Smith County, Texas, in the John Wolf land survey, approximately 12 miles east of Tyler, Texas. This article discusses recent excavations I conducted at the site, and summarizes the archeological findings, including features, the age of the archeological deposits, the various lithic and ceramic artifacts that were recovered, and offers speculations about why this part of Smith…
Incorporating Common Law into the Constitution of Canada: Egale v. Canada and the Status of Marriage
Recent decisions of the Supreme Court of Canada raise complicated questions about the relationship between the common law and the Constitution. In particular, a distinction may now be drawn between constitutional common law concepts that are "incorporated" by the Constitution and those that are "free-standing" or "text-emergent." The author explores the significance of these distinctions by examining the argument, accepted in the recent case of E…
The South Lilly #4 Site (41UR279), Upshur County, Texas
The South Lilly #4 site was discovered in early 2003 by Bo Nelson during a survey of portions of the South Lilly Creek valley in Upshur County, Texas. During the course of his survey he recorded 13 prehistoric archeological sites on the north side of the valley,just upstream from the FM 556 crossing of South Lilly Creek. No archaeological sites had been previously known or recorded along this stretch of the valley, but his survey made it apparent…
Cops and Consultation: Police Accountability Community Teams in New South Wales
Police Accountability Community Teams (PACT) were introduced in 2002 in an attempt to create consultation within local communities between residents and the local police service. The Teams were proclaimed as ensuring local area commanders were accountable to local communities and that communities would be able to help with developing solutions to reduce crime and the fear of crime. Yet over two years on from their implementation it appears that P…
The Cronulla riots: Exposing the problem with Australia's Anti-vilification laws
The hate crime legislation is introduced in the UK and US to send a strong message to the community that serious racism leading to violence will not be tolerated in a democratic society but such laws are not implemented in Australia because of which violence motivated by racial and ethnic hatred in the Sydney beach town of Cronulla is considered under standard criminal laws. Hate crime legislation must be introduced by Parliament which includes a…
The Lake Clear (41SM243) Site and Crotalus horridus atricaudatus
I fell heir to a collection of prehistoric Caddo sherds from my late Uncle Sam Whiteside and a location on a 7.5’ topographic map labeled Lake Clear. Sam Whiteside during the period from the mid-1950s to the late 1960s was very active in the East Texas area working through the old East Texas Archeological Society headquartered in Tyler, Texas. The name Lake Clear was vaguely familiar but a check of local maps failed to reveal its location. Howeve…
Sexual Orientation Discrimination in the European Union: The Framework Directive and the Continuing Influence of the European Parliament
This article examines the effectiveness of sexual orientation discrimination laws prescribed by the European Union. In particular, the article critiques Article 13 of the Treaty Establishing the European Community, and the Framework Directive which was established under the powers conferred by it. It is argued that the Framework Directive is too restrictive in its scope, in terms of the areas of life it covers (i.e. employment only), and that the…
Late Titus Phase Sites Along Caney Creek in Northern Wood County, Texas
There are a number of seemingly late Titus phase (ca. after A.D. 1670) Caddo sites clustered on the middle to upper reaches of Caney Creek in northern Wood County. This is based on a large collection of grave goods amassed by a collector in the 1960s from Caddo sites in this area. No European goods were reported from any of the sites but several of the vessel types have been shown to often occur in association with a few European trade goods at o…
Archeological Investigations of the Lang Pasture (41an38) Midden Deposits on Private Property West of the Sh 155 Right-of-Way, Anderson County, Texas
In the spring of 2006 data recovery investigations were completed at the Lang Pasture site (41AN38) by Coastal Environments, Inc. (Baton Rouge, Louisiana) and Archeological & Environmental Consultants, LLC (Austin and Pittsburg, Texas) for the Texas Department of Transportation. The site is situated along the SH 155 rightof- way in the Caddo Creek basin in northeastern Anderson County, Texas, in the Caddo archeological area of Northeast Texas. Th…
Histories of Colonialism, Legality, and Aboriginality
Histories of Colonialism, Legality, and Aboriginality
It is hard to write a history about something that is still happening – like a biography of a person still alive or a history of a people still existing. The problem is not that the historian cannot know those parts of the story that have yet to take place. Rather, the problem is that the historian’s interpretation of the story so far may be influenced – consciously or unconsciously – by a sense of how the story might (or should) turn out and by …
Life on Jackson Creek, Smith County, Texas: Archeological Investigations of a 14th Century Caddo Domicile at the Leaning Rock Site (41SM325)
The 14th century Caddo Leaning Rock site was initially discovered in the Fall of 2004. It was located during reconnaissance to search out a location for the survey portion of the Texas Archeologica! Society's Academy IO I held in Tyler in February 2005. This was not a formal survey with transect lines. nor one using regularly spaced shovel tests. but was rather more of a "windshield"' type survey, consisting of driving across pasture lands lookin…
The Archaeology of the 16th And 17th Century Caddo in the Post Oak Savannah of Northeast Texas: The Tuinier Farm (41HP237), R. A. Watkins (41HP238), and Anglin (41HP240) Sites in the Stoots Creek Basi…
The Tuinier Farm (41HP237), R. A. Watkins (41HP238), and Anglin (41HP240) sites are 16th to 17th century Caddo sites in the modern-day Post Oak Savannah of Northeast Texas. All three of the sites are located on Stouts Creek, in the eastern part of Hopkins County, Texas, a northward-flowing tributary to White Oak Creek in the Sulphur River basin; the modern channel of White Oak Creek lies ca. 15 km north of these sites. The Culpepper site (41HP1),…
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