Ryan S Baker
Biographic Data
| ID | 4601796 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ryan S Baker |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ryan S |
| FAMILY NAME | Baker |
| SIGNATURE | BAKER R S |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Pennsylvania |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3051-3232 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 3 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 23 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2010 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Assessing Patterns of Students’ Attainment of Professional Standards in Higher Education
It is widely recognized that higher education (HE) graduates require a broad range of professional skills and abilities to succeed in their future careers. This narrow emphasis limits the capacity to effectively and holistically evaluate a student’s professional competency and readiness for employment. This issue is particularly acute for HE degrees that require graduates to demonstrate attainment of externally regulated professional standards. W…
Advancing 21st-Century Professional Competencies with Learning Analytics in the Age of Generative AI
The rise of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and accelerated globalization have necessitated a fundamental recalibration of higher education to prioritize domain-agnostic, 21st-century professional competencies. While institutional commitment to these skills is high, their systematic integration into the curriculum and evaluation remains fragmented, highlighting a critical gap between traditional academic success metrics and demonstrate…
Leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models to Analyse Student Exploration Behaviours in Educational Game Environments
Institutional Analytics for Transformation
Learning analytics—the systematic use of educational data to understand and improve learning—has emerged as a promising approach to addressing persistent challenges in higher education, including student dropout, uneven learning outcomes, and structural inequities. This article examines how learning analytics can support institutional improvement, with particular attention to multi-campus universities and contexts where such approaches remain und…
The effect of football (soccer) heading on gross and fine motor control in women
Introduction Heading is an integral component of football, but concerns remain about its impact on brain health. This study examines the acute effects of heading on gross and fine motor control as a measure of the motor-cognitive function of women footballers. Methods The heading protocol for this study represented the typical exposure to headers experienced in the women's game: one every 10 min, for one hour, replicating a corner kick. A sample …
Gaming the system mediates the relationship between gender and learning outcomes in a digital learning game
Digital learning games have been increasingly adopted in classrooms to facilitate learning and to promote learning outcomes. Contrary to common beliefs, many digital learning games can be more effective for female students than male students in terms of learning and affective outcomes. However, the in-game learning mechanisms that explain these differences remain unclear. In the current study, we re-analyze three retrospective data sets drawn fro…
The Confrustion Constellation
There has been considerable research on confusion and frustration that has treated them as two unitary constructs, distinct from each other. In this article, we argue that there is instead a constellation of different types of confusion and frustration, with different antecedents, manifestations, and impacts, and that the commonalities between many types of confusion and frustration justify thinking of them as part of the same constellation of af…
Cultural bias and cultural alignment of large language models
Culture fundamentally shapes people’s reasoning, behavior, and communication. As people increasingly use generative artificial intelligence (AI) to expedite and automate personal and professional tasks, cultural values embedded in AI models may bias people’s authentic expression and contribute to the dominance of certain cultures. We conduct a disaggregated evaluation of cultural bias for five widely used large language models (OpenAI’s GPT-4o/4-…
Detector-driven classroom interviewing
How well do contemporary knowledge tracing algorithms predict the knowledge carried out of a digital learning game
AI and self-regulated learning theory
Analysing adaptive scaffolds that help students develop self‐regulated learning behaviours
How are feelings of difficulty and familiarity linked to learning behaviors and gains in a complex science learning task
Algorithmic Bias in Education
In this paper, we review algorithmic bias in education, discussing the causes of that bias and reviewing the empirical literature on the specific ways that algorithmic bias is known to have manifested in education. While other recent work has reviewed mathematical definitions of fairness and expanded algorithmic approaches to reducing bias, our review focuses instead on solidifying the current understanding of the concrete impacts of algorithmic …
Timing of learning supports in educational games can impact students’ outcomes
Detecting threshold concepts through Bayesian knowledge tracing
Controlled outputs, full data
Learning analytics research presents challenges for researchers embracing the principles of open science. Protecting student privacy is paramount, but progress in increasing scientific understanding and improving educational outcomes depends upon open, scalable and replicable research. Findings have repeatedly been shown to be contextually dependent on personal and demographic variables, so how can we use this data in a manner that is ethical and…
Assessing implicit computational thinking in Zoombinis puzzle gameplay
The development of students’ computational thinking practices in elementary- and middle-school classes using the learning game, Zoombinis
Mining Big Data in Education
The emergence of big data in educational contexts has led to new data-driven approaches to support informed decision making and efforts to improve educational effectiveness. Digital traces of student behavior promise more scalable and finer-grained understanding and support of learning processes, which were previously too costly to obtain with traditional data sources and methodologies. This synthetic review describes the affordances and applicat…
Discovery With Models
In recent years, an increasing number of analyses in learning analytics and educational data mining (EDM) have adopted a “discovery with models” approach, where an existing model is used as a key component in a new EDM or analytics analysis. This article presents a theoretical discussion on the emergence of discovery with models, its potential to enhance research on learning and learners, and key lessons learned in how discovery with models can b…
Learning analytics and educational data mining
Growing interest in data and analytics in education, teaching, and learning raises the priority for increased, high-quality research into the models, methods, technologies, and impact of analytics. Two research communities -- Educational Data Mining (EDM) and Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK) have developed separately to address this need. This paper argues for increased and formal communication and collaboration between these communities in…
Better to be frustrated than bored
Discovery With Models
In recent years, an increasing number of analyses in learning analytics and educational data mining (EDM) have adopted a “discovery with models” approach, where an existing model is used as a key component in a new EDM or analytics analysis. This article presents a theoretical discussion on the emergence of discovery with models, its potential to enhance research on learning and learners, and key lessons learned in how discovery with models can b…
Gaming the system mediates the relationship between gender and learning outcomes in a digital learning game
Digital learning games have been increasingly adopted in classrooms to facilitate learning and to promote learning outcomes. Contrary to common beliefs, many digital learning games can be more effective for female students than male students in terms of learning and affective outcomes. However, the in-game learning mechanisms that explain these differences remain unclear. In the current study, we re-analyze three retrospective data sets drawn fro…
Better to be frustrated than bored
Learning analytics and educational data mining
Growing interest in data and analytics in education, teaching, and learning raises the priority for increased, high-quality research into the models, methods, technologies, and impact of analytics. Two research communities -- Educational Data Mining (EDM) and Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK) have developed separately to address this need. This paper argues for increased and formal communication and collaboration between these communities in…
Discovery With Models
In recent years, an increasing number of analyses in learning analytics and educational data mining (EDM) have adopted a “discovery with models” approach, where an existing model is used as a key component in a new EDM or analytics analysis. This article presents a theoretical discussion on the emergence of discovery with models, its potential to enhance research on learning and learners, and key lessons learned in how discovery with models can b…
Mining Big Data in Education
The emergence of big data in educational contexts has led to new data-driven approaches to support informed decision making and efforts to improve educational effectiveness. Digital traces of student behavior promise more scalable and finer-grained understanding and support of learning processes, which were previously too costly to obtain with traditional data sources and methodologies. This synthetic review describes the affordances and applicat…
Assessing implicit computational thinking in Zoombinis puzzle gameplay
The development of students’ computational thinking practices in elementary- and middle-school classes using the learning game, Zoombinis
Algorithmic Bias in Education
In this paper, we review algorithmic bias in education, discussing the causes of that bias and reviewing the empirical literature on the specific ways that algorithmic bias is known to have manifested in education. While other recent work has reviewed mathematical definitions of fairness and expanded algorithmic approaches to reducing bias, our review focuses instead on solidifying the current understanding of the concrete impacts of algorithmic …
Timing of learning supports in educational games can impact students’ outcomes
Detecting threshold concepts through Bayesian knowledge tracing
Controlled outputs, full data
Learning analytics research presents challenges for researchers embracing the principles of open science. Protecting student privacy is paramount, but progress in increasing scientific understanding and improving educational outcomes depends upon open, scalable and replicable research. Findings have repeatedly been shown to be contextually dependent on personal and demographic variables, so how can we use this data in a manner that is ethical and…
How well do contemporary knowledge tracing algorithms predict the knowledge carried out of a digital learning game
AI and self-regulated learning theory
Analysing adaptive scaffolds that help students develop self‐regulated learning behaviours
How are feelings of difficulty and familiarity linked to learning behaviors and gains in a complex science learning task
Cultural bias and cultural alignment of large language models
Culture fundamentally shapes people’s reasoning, behavior, and communication. As people increasingly use generative artificial intelligence (AI) to expedite and automate personal and professional tasks, cultural values embedded in AI models may bias people’s authentic expression and contribute to the dominance of certain cultures. We conduct a disaggregated evaluation of cultural bias for five widely used large language models (OpenAI’s GPT-4o/4-…
Detector-driven classroom interviewing
The effect of football (soccer) heading on gross and fine motor control in women
Introduction Heading is an integral component of football, but concerns remain about its impact on brain health. This study examines the acute effects of heading on gross and fine motor control as a measure of the motor-cognitive function of women footballers. Methods The heading protocol for this study represented the typical exposure to headers experienced in the women's game: one every 10 min, for one hour, replicating a corner kick. A sample …
Gaming the system mediates the relationship between gender and learning outcomes in a digital learning game
Digital learning games have been increasingly adopted in classrooms to facilitate learning and to promote learning outcomes. Contrary to common beliefs, many digital learning games can be more effective for female students than male students in terms of learning and affective outcomes. However, the in-game learning mechanisms that explain these differences remain unclear. In the current study, we re-analyze three retrospective data sets drawn fro…
The Confrustion Constellation
There has been considerable research on confusion and frustration that has treated them as two unitary constructs, distinct from each other. In this article, we argue that there is instead a constellation of different types of confusion and frustration, with different antecedents, manifestations, and impacts, and that the commonalities between many types of confusion and frustration justify thinking of them as part of the same constellation of af…
Assessing Patterns of Students’ Attainment of Professional Standards in Higher Education
It is widely recognized that higher education (HE) graduates require a broad range of professional skills and abilities to succeed in their future careers. This narrow emphasis limits the capacity to effectively and holistically evaluate a student’s professional competency and readiness for employment. This issue is particularly acute for HE degrees that require graduates to demonstrate attainment of externally regulated professional standards. W…
Advancing 21st-Century Professional Competencies with Learning Analytics in the Age of Generative AI
The rise of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and accelerated globalization have necessitated a fundamental recalibration of higher education to prioritize domain-agnostic, 21st-century professional competencies. While institutional commitment to these skills is high, their systematic integration into the curriculum and evaluation remains fragmented, highlighting a critical gap between traditional academic success metrics and demonstrate…
Leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models to Analyse Student Exploration Behaviours in Educational Game Environments
Institutional Analytics for Transformation
Learning analytics—the systematic use of educational data to understand and improve learning—has emerged as a promising approach to addressing persistent challenges in higher education, including student dropout, uneven learning outcomes, and structural inequities. This article examines how learning analytics can support institutional improvement, with particular attention to multi-campus universities and contexts where such approaches remain und…
Online Learning and Analytics (16 works) · Computer Science (15 works) · Psychology (15 works) · Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning (12 works) · Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods (9 works) · Mathematics education (9 works) · Data science (7 works) · Educational Games and Gamification (7 works) · Learning analytics (7 works) · Cognitive psychology (6 works)