Birgit Stark
Biographic Data
| ID | 4617027 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Birgit Stark |
| GIVEN NAMES | Birgit |
| FAMILY NAME | Stark |
| SIGNATURE | STARK B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9217-4515 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 72 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Do Journalists’ Political Orientations Translate into Partisan News Reporting? The Limits of Bias and the Limits of Counter Mechanisms
Journalists are regularly accused of being strongly left leaning, which critics claim leads to biased reporting. Previous research suggests this assumption may be over-simplistic, but direct empirical tests are rare, suffer from substantial shortcomings, and still need to acknowledge this process’s complexity. Therefore, we theorize the conditional nature of how journalists’ political orientations translate into their news reporting. We assert th…
From News Softening to Social News Softening: Comparing Patterns of Political News Coverage on Different (Social) Media Channels in Germany and Switzerland
Many news media publish content on social media where it must meet the success factors of algorithmic selection in order to attract attention. One possible strategy for that is news softening. However, it is not clear which characteristics are decisive for news softening on social platforms. To help overcome this research gap, our paper adds a new concept called “social news softening” to the rather traditional news softening concept. We test it …
Ensuring News Quality in Platformized News Ecosystems: Shortcomings and Recommendations for an Epistemic Governance
Social media platforms are fundamentally disrupting public communication in two ways. First, non-journalistic actors, such as social media influencers, now have easier access to audiences, increasing the range of epistemic authorities. Second, established news outlets are increasingly reliant on platforms, pressuring them to adapt to the demands of social media. This platformization threatens the quality of public communication and citizens’ real…
Viewpoint Diversity, Balance, Deliberativeness: Assessing the Media Performance of Migration Coverage Multi-Dimensionally Based on Deliberative Democratic Theories
The issue of migration is highly salient in public debates in many countries. Given this salience and the risk of political instrumentalization, often by actors from the far right, it is important for citizens to receive high-quality, differentiated information on the migration issue. This touches upon the question of media performance. While there is abundant research on the media portrayal of the migration issue, this research strand is, surpri…
Ich mach mir die Welt, wie sie mir gefällt“. Meinungsbildungsrelevanz aus Nutzungsperspektive
Nachrichtenpublika sind heute mit der Heterogenität und Hybridität von Medienbotschaften konfrontiert. Neue Anbieter wie Social-Media-Influencer und nicht-journalistische Informationsquellen etablieren sich auf Plattformen als epistemische Autoritäten. Dieser Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit schlägt sich nicht nur in einem veränderten Nachrichtenverständnis nieder, sondern betrifft auch Meinungsbildungsprozesse. In 32 leitfadengestützten Tiefeni…
Epistemic authority in the digital public sphere. An integrative conceptual framework and research agenda
We develop an integrative conceptual framework and research agenda for studying epistemic authorities in the digital age. Consulting epistemic authorities (e.g., professional experts, well-informed laypeople, technologies) can be an efficient fast-track to knowledge. To fulfill this functional role, those who claim epistemic authority need to be both subjectively recognized (have a perceived advantage in knowledge) and objectively justified (have…
Mental health state and its determinants in German university students across the Covid-19 pandemic: Findings from three repeated cross-sectional surveys between 2019 and 2021
Background Students were at an increased risk for elevated mental symptoms during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels. As universities remained closed much longer than anticipated, the mental burden was expected to persist through the second year of the pandemic. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mental distress from 2019 through 2021 and identify risk factors for elevated mental burden, …
Vielfalt in den Nachrichten. Ein Vergleich digitaler und analoger Angebote von öffentlich-rechtlichen Medien und Tageszeitungen in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz
Vielfalt als zentrale Schlüsselnorm der Medienregulierung prägt die Debatte um den Funktionsauftrag von öffentlich-rechtlichen Medien (ÖRM). Denn mediale Vielfalt gilt als normative Voraussetzung für freie Meinungsbildung und betont damit die demokratiestützende Aufgabe von ÖRM. Mit Blick auf verschiedene Demokratiemodelle und strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen wird Vielfalt als Qualitätsdimension allerdings bislang empirisch – gerade in vergleichend…
Seeing the Whole Picture. Towards a Multi-perspective Approach to News Content Diversity based on Liberal and Deliberative Models of Democracy
By providing diverse news content, news media are key for a well-functioning public sphere. However, agreement on how to measure news content diversity is lacking. Research often refers to democratic theory as normative reference point, but different models of democracy understand news content diversity differently. Our study makes a unique, innovative contribution to this field: (1) We develop a methodological framework for measuring news conten…
Social cohesion in platformized public spheres: Toward a conceptual framework
Social cohesion is crucial for democratic societies since it unites individuals who do not have a direct relationship with each other. By representing social heterogeneity and enabling public debate, the public sphere is vital for fostering social cohesion. However, platformization—that is, the establishment of social media platforms as an infrastructure for public communication—challenges the constitution of publics and thus raises the question …
Mapping Exposure Diversity: The Divergent Effects of Algorithmic Curation on News Consumption
Diversity is a crucial precondition for a democratic public discourse. In today’s high-choice media environments, exposure to diverse news is largely determined by individuals’ personal selection. Yet these decisions are increasingly shaped by online platforms, whose curation mechanisms may serve to expand or contract the diversity of encountered content. In a major extension of existing research, we show that positive short-term effects of platf…
‘I’m still the master of the machine.’ Internet users’ awareness of algorithmic decision-making and their perception of its effect on their autonomy
Algorithms are an integral part of our everyday lives and shape the selection and presentation of information and communication on the internet. At the same time, media users are faced with a lack of control and transparency when interacting with these systems because algorithms largely remain black boxes to end users. Relying on the notion that algorithms are socio-technical systems that comprise both technical and human components, this paper e…
Internet-Related Disorders and Their Effects on Personality Development in Adolescents from Germany—Results from a Prospective Study
Internet-related disorders (IRD) are increasingly becoming a major health issue. IRD are defined as the predominant use of online content, related to a loss of control and continued use despite negative consequences. Despite findings from cross-sectional studies, the causality of pathways accelerating the development of IRD are unclear. While etiological models emphasize the role of personality as risk factor, mutual influences between IRD and pe…
Health Information Seeking Among University Students Before and During the Corona Crisis—Findings From Germany
Health information-seeking behavior is the process of gathering information about health and disease and can be influential for health-related perception and behavior. University students are an important target group for prevention and health promotion and largely belong to an age group that is considered to play a leading role in propagating the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Germany. The paper deals with students' health information-seeking behavior b…
Challenge Accepted! a Critical Reflection on How to Perform a Health Survey Among University Students—An Example of the Healthy Campus Mainz Project
Background: Universities represent an important setting of everyday life for health promotion. The Healthy Campus Mainz project aims to develop an evidence-based and comprehensive student health management program covering physical, mental, and social health promotion. Hence, an initial health survey was performed in order to identify the students' health concerns and resources. Up until now, it remains unclear which topics to choose in a health …
Loopholes in the Echo Chambers: How the Echo Chamber Metaphor Oversimplifies the Effects of Information Gateways on Opinion Expression
Social media (SM) are often regarded drivers of personalized echo chambers in which only ideas resonante that individuals already hold, leading to more extreme opinions and intensified opinion expression. However, recent theorizing and evidence has cast doubts on the universal applicability of the echo chamber metaphor, pointing out that communication effects on opinion expression are much more complex than the metaphor suggests. Using the refuge…
Common Core in Danger? Personalized Information and the Fragmentation of the Public Agenda
The diversification of information sources has reignited the controversy on media-induced fragmentation endangering social integration. The media's capability to set the public agenda and create issues as a common core is a pivotal part of the public sphere and contributes fundamentally to society's cohesion. Algorithm-driven sources like social media that personalize content to the preferences of individuals and their social networks are conside…
Mobile (Self-)Socialization: The Role of Mobile Media and Communication in Autonomy and Relationship Development in Adolescence
Two of the most important developmental tasks in adolescence are developing autonomy and establishing relationships (i.e., friendships and romantic relationships). Self-socialization processes are relevant in mastering these developmental tasks. Mobile media are predestined as tools for such self-socialization: Their affordances—universality, private accessibility, and ubiquity—closely match the developmental needs of adolescents and no other med…
More Relevant Today Than Ever: Past, Present and Future of Media Performance Research
Media performance is constitutive for functioning democracies. But what is the situation regarding media performance in the age of digitalisation? And how can media performance continue to be assured under the current difficult economic conditions for the news industry? In this essay, we give a short overview of how media performance research has developed from the introduction of private broadcasting to the spread of the Internet and social medi…
Neuer Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit durch Informationsintermediäre: Wie Facebook, Google & Co. die Medien und den Journalismus verändern
Two Half-Truths Make a Whole? On Bias in Self-Reports and Tracking Data
The pervasive use of mobile information technologies brings new patterns of media usage, but also challenges to the measurement of media exposure. Researchers wishing to, for example, understand the nature of selective exposure on algorithmically driven platforms need to precisely attribute individuals’ exposure to specific content. Prior research has used tracking data to show that survey-based self-reports of media exposure are critically unrel…
Uneasy Bedfellows: Comparing the diversity of German public service news on television and on Facebook
News consumption has shifted increasingly to new platforms and gateways such as social network sites (SNS) with Facebook leading the way. Accordingly, journalists must cope with this “uneasy bedfellow” and provide news on Facebook to attract otherwise hard-to-reach audiences. This is even more relevant for public service broadcasters (PSBs), whose mission is to serve the interests and needs of every citizen. Bound to their public service mission,…
Digital Stress over the Life Span: The Effects of Communication Load and Internet Multitasking on Perceived Stress and Psychological Health Impairments in a German Probability Sample
The present study investigated the psychological health effects and motivational origins of digital stress based on a representative survey of 1,557 German Internet users between 14 and 85 years of age. Communication load resulting from private e-mails and social media messages as well as Internet multitasking were positively related to perceived stress and had significant indirect effects on burnout, depression, and anxiety. Perceived social pre…
Permanently online and permanently procrastinating? The mediating role of Internet use for the effects of trait procrastination on psychological health and well-being
A growing number of studies suggest that Internet users frequently utilize online media as “tools for procrastination.” This study thus investigated the relationship between trait procrastination, Internet use, and psychological well-being in a representative sample of N = 1,577 German Internet users. The results revealed that trait procrastination was associated with an increased use of leisure-related online content and impaired control over In…
Wenn der Fernseher nicht mehr ausreicht: Eine empirische Analyse der Second Screen-Nutzung When watching television becomes insufficient: An empirical analysis of second screen usage
Der Beitrag widmet sich einem heutzutage zunehmend verbreiteten Phnomen: der Second Screen
Two Half-Truths Make a Whole? On Bias in Self-Reports and Tracking Data
The pervasive use of mobile information technologies brings new patterns of media usage, but also challenges to the measurement of media exposure. Researchers wishing to, for example, understand the nature of selective exposure on algorithmically driven platforms need to precisely attribute individuals’ exposure to specific content. Prior research has used tracking data to show that survey-based self-reports of media exposure are critically unrel…
Explaining National Differences of Tabloidisation Between Germany and Austria: Structure, conduct and performance
In times of growing commercialisation and digitisation, it is often assumed that traditional mass media react to growing economic pressures by providing more entertaining, more trivial and oversimplified content. This supposed development—also known as tabloidisation—seems to be caused by media structures, particularly the competitive pressures of tabloid newspapers and commercial television. However, to date only very few studies have explored s…
Uneasy Bedfellows: Comparing the diversity of German public service news on television and on Facebook
News consumption has shifted increasingly to new platforms and gateways such as social network sites (SNS) with Facebook leading the way. Accordingly, journalists must cope with this “uneasy bedfellow” and provide news on Facebook to attract otherwise hard-to-reach audiences. This is even more relevant for public service broadcasters (PSBs), whose mission is to serve the interests and needs of every citizen. Bound to their public service mission,…
Epistemic authority in the digital public sphere. An integrative conceptual framework and research agenda
We develop an integrative conceptual framework and research agenda for studying epistemic authorities in the digital age. Consulting epistemic authorities (e.g., professional experts, well-informed laypeople, technologies) can be an efficient fast-track to knowledge. To fulfill this functional role, those who claim epistemic authority need to be both subjectively recognized (have a perceived advantage in knowledge) and objectively justified (have…
Permanently online and permanently procrastinating? The mediating role of Internet use for the effects of trait procrastination on psychological health and well-being
A growing number of studies suggest that Internet users frequently utilize online media as “tools for procrastination.” This study thus investigated the relationship between trait procrastination, Internet use, and psychological well-being in a representative sample of N = 1,577 German Internet users. The results revealed that trait procrastination was associated with an increased use of leisure-related online content and impaired control over In…
Seeing the Whole Picture. Towards a Multi-perspective Approach to News Content Diversity based on Liberal and Deliberative Models of Democracy
By providing diverse news content, news media are key for a well-functioning public sphere. However, agreement on how to measure news content diversity is lacking. Research often refers to democratic theory as normative reference point, but different models of democracy understand news content diversity differently. Our study makes a unique, innovative contribution to this field: (1) We develop a methodological framework for measuring news conten…
Mobile (Self-)Socialization: The Role of Mobile Media and Communication in Autonomy and Relationship Development in Adolescence
Two of the most important developmental tasks in adolescence are developing autonomy and establishing relationships (i.e., friendships and romantic relationships). Self-socialization processes are relevant in mastering these developmental tasks. Mobile media are predestined as tools for such self-socialization: Their affordances—universality, private accessibility, and ubiquity—closely match the developmental needs of adolescents and no other med…
Social cohesion in platformized public spheres: Toward a conceptual framework
Social cohesion is crucial for democratic societies since it unites individuals who do not have a direct relationship with each other. By representing social heterogeneity and enabling public debate, the public sphere is vital for fostering social cohesion. However, platformization—that is, the establishment of social media platforms as an infrastructure for public communication—challenges the constitution of publics and thus raises the question …
Common Core in Danger? Personalized Information and the Fragmentation of the Public Agenda
The diversification of information sources has reignited the controversy on media-induced fragmentation endangering social integration. The media's capability to set the public agenda and create issues as a common core is a pivotal part of the public sphere and contributes fundamentally to society's cohesion. Algorithm-driven sources like social media that personalize content to the preferences of individuals and their social networks are conside…
What attracts listeners to Web radio? A case study from Germany
With the advent of Web radio in a changing media environment, radio has once more reinvented itself in terms of both scope (emerging new forms such as online-only radio) and listening experience (interactivity, personalization and content modularization). Scholars have identified these technological changes as evidence for an evolving radio. The audience perspective, however, has been researched far less. We go beyond existing studies and are int…
Marktchancen des digitalen Fernsehens
Seit zehn Jahren gehören Studien zur Akzeptanz und Nutzung neuer Medien und Kommunikationssysteme zum regulären Forschungsprogramm der Forschungsstelle für Medienwirtschaft und Kommunikationsforschung
Marktchancen des digitalen Fernsehens. Akzeptanz und Nutzung von Pay- TV und neuen Diensten.
Marktchancen des Digitalen Fernsehens: Akzeptanz und Nutzung Von Pay-TV und Neuen Diensten
What attracts listeners to Web radio? A case study from Germany
With the advent of Web radio in a changing media environment, radio has once more reinvented itself in terms of both scope (emerging new forms such as online-only radio) and listening experience (interactivity, personalization and content modularization). Scholars have identified these technological changes as evidence for an evolving radio. The audience perspective, however, has been researched far less. We go beyond existing studies and are int…
Explaining National Differences of Tabloidisation Between Germany and Austria: Structure, conduct and performance
In times of growing commercialisation and digitisation, it is often assumed that traditional mass media react to growing economic pressures by providing more entertaining, more trivial and oversimplified content. This supposed development—also known as tabloidisation—seems to be caused by media structures, particularly the competitive pressures of tabloid newspapers and commercial television. However, to date only very few studies have explored s…
Wenn der Fernseher nicht mehr ausreicht: Eine empirische Analyse der Second Screen-Nutzung When watching television becomes insufficient: An empirical analysis of second screen usage
Der Beitrag widmet sich einem heutzutage zunehmend verbreiteten Phnomen: der Second Screen
Digital Stress over the Life Span: The Effects of Communication Load and Internet Multitasking on Perceived Stress and Psychological Health Impairments in a German Probability Sample
The present study investigated the psychological health effects and motivational origins of digital stress based on a representative survey of 1,557 German Internet users between 14 and 85 years of age. Communication load resulting from private e-mails and social media messages as well as Internet multitasking were positively related to perceived stress and had significant indirect effects on burnout, depression, and anxiety. Perceived social pre…
Permanently online and permanently procrastinating? The mediating role of Internet use for the effects of trait procrastination on psychological health and well-being
A growing number of studies suggest that Internet users frequently utilize online media as “tools for procrastination.” This study thus investigated the relationship between trait procrastination, Internet use, and psychological well-being in a representative sample of N = 1,577 German Internet users. The results revealed that trait procrastination was associated with an increased use of leisure-related online content and impaired control over In…
Uneasy Bedfellows: Comparing the diversity of German public service news on television and on Facebook
News consumption has shifted increasingly to new platforms and gateways such as social network sites (SNS) with Facebook leading the way. Accordingly, journalists must cope with this “uneasy bedfellow” and provide news on Facebook to attract otherwise hard-to-reach audiences. This is even more relevant for public service broadcasters (PSBs), whose mission is to serve the interests and needs of every citizen. Bound to their public service mission,…
Neuer Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit durch Informationsintermediäre: Wie Facebook, Google & Co. die Medien und den Journalismus verändern
Two Half-Truths Make a Whole? On Bias in Self-Reports and Tracking Data
The pervasive use of mobile information technologies brings new patterns of media usage, but also challenges to the measurement of media exposure. Researchers wishing to, for example, understand the nature of selective exposure on algorithmically driven platforms need to precisely attribute individuals’ exposure to specific content. Prior research has used tracking data to show that survey-based self-reports of media exposure are critically unrel…
More Relevant Today Than Ever: Past, Present and Future of Media Performance Research
Media performance is constitutive for functioning democracies. But what is the situation regarding media performance in the age of digitalisation? And how can media performance continue to be assured under the current difficult economic conditions for the news industry? In this essay, we give a short overview of how media performance research has developed from the introduction of private broadcasting to the spread of the Internet and social medi…
Health Information Seeking Among University Students Before and During the Corona Crisis—Findings From Germany
Health information-seeking behavior is the process of gathering information about health and disease and can be influential for health-related perception and behavior. University students are an important target group for prevention and health promotion and largely belong to an age group that is considered to play a leading role in propagating the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Germany. The paper deals with students' health information-seeking behavior b…
Challenge Accepted! a Critical Reflection on How to Perform a Health Survey Among University Students—An Example of the Healthy Campus Mainz Project
Background: Universities represent an important setting of everyday life for health promotion. The Healthy Campus Mainz project aims to develop an evidence-based and comprehensive student health management program covering physical, mental, and social health promotion. Hence, an initial health survey was performed in order to identify the students' health concerns and resources. Up until now, it remains unclear which topics to choose in a health …
Loopholes in the Echo Chambers: How the Echo Chamber Metaphor Oversimplifies the Effects of Information Gateways on Opinion Expression
Social media (SM) are often regarded drivers of personalized echo chambers in which only ideas resonante that individuals already hold, leading to more extreme opinions and intensified opinion expression. However, recent theorizing and evidence has cast doubts on the universal applicability of the echo chamber metaphor, pointing out that communication effects on opinion expression are much more complex than the metaphor suggests. Using the refuge…
Common Core in Danger? Personalized Information and the Fragmentation of the Public Agenda
The diversification of information sources has reignited the controversy on media-induced fragmentation endangering social integration. The media's capability to set the public agenda and create issues as a common core is a pivotal part of the public sphere and contributes fundamentally to society's cohesion. Algorithm-driven sources like social media that personalize content to the preferences of individuals and their social networks are conside…
Mobile (Self-)Socialization: The Role of Mobile Media and Communication in Autonomy and Relationship Development in Adolescence
Two of the most important developmental tasks in adolescence are developing autonomy and establishing relationships (i.e., friendships and romantic relationships). Self-socialization processes are relevant in mastering these developmental tasks. Mobile media are predestined as tools for such self-socialization: Their affordances—universality, private accessibility, and ubiquity—closely match the developmental needs of adolescents and no other med…
Mapping Exposure Diversity: The Divergent Effects of Algorithmic Curation on News Consumption
Diversity is a crucial precondition for a democratic public discourse. In today’s high-choice media environments, exposure to diverse news is largely determined by individuals’ personal selection. Yet these decisions are increasingly shaped by online platforms, whose curation mechanisms may serve to expand or contract the diversity of encountered content. In a major extension of existing research, we show that positive short-term effects of platf…
‘I’m still the master of the machine.’ Internet users’ awareness of algorithmic decision-making and their perception of its effect on their autonomy
Algorithms are an integral part of our everyday lives and shape the selection and presentation of information and communication on the internet. At the same time, media users are faced with a lack of control and transparency when interacting with these systems because algorithms largely remain black boxes to end users. Relying on the notion that algorithms are socio-technical systems that comprise both technical and human components, this paper e…
Internet-Related Disorders and Their Effects on Personality Development in Adolescents from Germany—Results from a Prospective Study
Internet-related disorders (IRD) are increasingly becoming a major health issue. IRD are defined as the predominant use of online content, related to a loss of control and continued use despite negative consequences. Despite findings from cross-sectional studies, the causality of pathways accelerating the development of IRD are unclear. While etiological models emphasize the role of personality as risk factor, mutual influences between IRD and pe…
Mental health state and its determinants in German university students across the Covid-19 pandemic: Findings from three repeated cross-sectional surveys between 2019 and 2021
Background Students were at an increased risk for elevated mental symptoms during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels. As universities remained closed much longer than anticipated, the mental burden was expected to persist through the second year of the pandemic. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mental distress from 2019 through 2021 and identify risk factors for elevated mental burden, …
Vielfalt in den Nachrichten. Ein Vergleich digitaler und analoger Angebote von öffentlich-rechtlichen Medien und Tageszeitungen in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz
Vielfalt als zentrale Schlüsselnorm der Medienregulierung prägt die Debatte um den Funktionsauftrag von öffentlich-rechtlichen Medien (ÖRM). Denn mediale Vielfalt gilt als normative Voraussetzung für freie Meinungsbildung und betont damit die demokratiestützende Aufgabe von ÖRM. Mit Blick auf verschiedene Demokratiemodelle und strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen wird Vielfalt als Qualitätsdimension allerdings bislang empirisch – gerade in vergleichend…
Seeing the Whole Picture. Towards a Multi-perspective Approach to News Content Diversity based on Liberal and Deliberative Models of Democracy
By providing diverse news content, news media are key for a well-functioning public sphere. However, agreement on how to measure news content diversity is lacking. Research often refers to democratic theory as normative reference point, but different models of democracy understand news content diversity differently. Our study makes a unique, innovative contribution to this field: (1) We develop a methodological framework for measuring news conten…
Social cohesion in platformized public spheres: Toward a conceptual framework
Social cohesion is crucial for democratic societies since it unites individuals who do not have a direct relationship with each other. By representing social heterogeneity and enabling public debate, the public sphere is vital for fostering social cohesion. However, platformization—that is, the establishment of social media platforms as an infrastructure for public communication—challenges the constitution of publics and thus raises the question …
Ich mach mir die Welt, wie sie mir gefällt“. Meinungsbildungsrelevanz aus Nutzungsperspektive
Nachrichtenpublika sind heute mit der Heterogenität und Hybridität von Medienbotschaften konfrontiert. Neue Anbieter wie Social-Media-Influencer und nicht-journalistische Informationsquellen etablieren sich auf Plattformen als epistemische Autoritäten. Dieser Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit schlägt sich nicht nur in einem veränderten Nachrichtenverständnis nieder, sondern betrifft auch Meinungsbildungsprozesse. In 32 leitfadengestützten Tiefeni…
Political science (19 works) · Social Media and Politics (17 works) · Computer Science (13 works) · Psychology (13 works) · Media Studies and Communication (11 works) · Sociology (10 works) · Politics (8 works) · Business (6 works) · Impact of Technology on Adolescents (6 works) · Law (6 works)