Timo Koivurova
Biographic Data
| ID | 475036 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Timo Koivurova |
| GIVEN NAMES | Timo |
| FAMILY NAME | Koivurova |
| SIGNATURE | KOIVUROVA T |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Lapland |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3548-5883 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 68 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 3 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2005 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The Future of the Arctic Council
The Arctic Council, once considered a model intergovernmental forum, now faces profound challenges as it seeks to navigate geopolitical tensions arising from Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and the ongoing war there. The advent of the second Trump administration has further complicated the work of the Arctic Council, due to the administration’s stances on climate change and its threats to make Greenland—and even Canada—part of the…
Understanding regional variability in water, energy, and food (WEF) security: An Arctic case-study
Arctic nations are among the most water, energy, and food (WEF) secure nations of the world. National indices can, however, mask intra-regional disparities that exist within nations. The variable conditions of remote and sparsely populated regions are at particular risk of being obscured through the aggregation of national-level reporting. In this paper, we present the results of a regional (N = 27) assessment of WEF security in six Arctic states…
After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022: Can we still cooperate with Russia in the Arctic
Russia’s war against Ukraine in February 2022 was the end of the Arctic cooperation between states and others as we knew it, despite the fact that Russia’s illegal actions are not occurring in the Arctic region. Russia’s attack on Ukraine caused pronounced security fears and responses, particularly from the European and North American countries, including the other Arctic states. This naturally affected Arctic cooperation because it is precisely …
Shaping employability for immigrants through social entrepreneurship in Lapland
Many immigrants are either underemployed or unemployed in Lapland, and indeed many of them are long-term unemployed. This unemployment rate among immigrants varies from region to region in Finland. As a disadvantaged group in the labour market, sometimes they are pushed into establishing a business; however, their motivation to do so is weak, due to a lack of market understanding along with other socio-cultural factors. As an alternative way of d…
Targeted Geoengineering: Local Interventions with Global Implications
Targeted geoengineering aims to tackle a global scale impact of climate warming by addressing local or regional systemic interventions. We consider three examples: conserving the West Antarctic ice sheet by limiting rates of ice discharge or increasing snow accumulation, thereby reducing global sea level rise; transforming the Arctic permafrost zone into steppe grassland; raising the albedo of Arctic sea ice. There are important differences betwe…
Renewable Economies in the Arctic
This book offers multidisciplinary perspectives on renewable economies in the Arctic and how these are being supported scientifically, economically, socially, and politically by Arctic states.The economic development of the Arctic region is witnessing new, innovative trends which hold promise for the sustainable development of the region. This book discusses the emerging forms of renewable economies to understand where intellectual and technologi…
Neglected Transportation Infrastructure: Corporate Social Responsibility and the Russian State in a Small Siberian Oil Town
Verkhnemarkovo, a small Siberian town located on an oil field in Russia’s Irkutsk region, is plagued by bad roads and limited mobility. This article explores the relationship between corporate social responsibility and the wellbeing of individuals and communities, with a focus on transport and mobility infrastructure. Some oil companies, such as Irkutsk Oil Company, are tied to the sustainability standards of international financial institutions.…
Chinese Policy and Presence in the Arctic
In the book Chinese Policy and Presence in the Arctic, Koivurova and Kopra (editors) offer a comprehensive account of China’s evolving interests, policies and strategies in the Arctic region. Despite its lack of geography north of the Arctic Circle, China’s presence in the High North is expected to grow in the coming years, which, in turn, is likely to speed up globalization in the region. This book brings together experts on China and the Arctic…
A Perceived Change in Intercultural Behavior: Analyzing Self-determination for Well-Being among Youth
It has been studied that there are many young immigrants who are at risk of being marginalized in Finnish Lapland. There are less opportunities for participating in activities in northern Finland, access to the local labor market is difficult, and there are few activities that support the youth immigrant’s own culture. These dilemmas may have regional differences, but the economic prospects for living a meaningful life are seen to be weaker in th…
Protection of the Arctic marine environment
This chapter examines what is the current framework and governance system for the Arctic marine environment to counter the various threats. It shows that the Arctic Ocean will likely be opened for the first time during the summer months in 2030–2040. The chapter examines how the governance 'landscape' and the various levels of governance are already preparing themselves for the emergence of a new Ocean. The Finnish initiative for Arctic-wide coop…
Managing Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction in the Changing Arctic
The development of an Internationally Binding Legal Instrument (ILBI) for the conservation and sustainable management of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) has profound implications for the future regulatory activities of a host of regional governance structures exercising competence over these waters. In the rather stilted vernacular of the BBNJ Process, the ILBI aspires to “not undermine” the work of preexi…
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in the Arctic
This title was first published in 2002. This volume examines the norms of international law that apply to the planning stage of large-scale activities such as hydrocarbon exploitation, mineral extraction and forestry. These stationary activities (those that remain at a single location for a period of time), pose grave risks to the Arctic environment, since the development of technology has made it profitable to exploit natural resources even in s…
Demilitarisation and neutralisation of Svalbard: How has the Svalbard regime been able to meet the changing security realities during almost 100 years of existence
Norway will soon celebrate that 100 years ago, the former ‘no-man's land’ of the Svalbard archipelago was placed under its sovereignty. However, this paper focuses on another important and often omitted element also brought about by the 1920 Svalbard Treaty regarding its demilitarisation and neutralisation. We ask how has the Svalbard security regime been able to meet the various challenges it has faced over almost 100 years of existence? Also, g…
Groupism and the politics of indigeneity: A case study on the Sámi debate in Finland
The article addresses the problems of defining an indigenous people by deconstructing the Sámi debate in Finland, which has escalated with the government’s commitment to ratify ILO Convention No. 169. We argue that the ethnopolitical conflict engendered by this commitment is a consequence of groupism, by which, following Rogers Brubaker, we mean the tendency to take discrete groups as chief protagonists of social conflicts, the tendency to treat …
The Changing Arctic and the European Union: A Book Based on the Report “Strategic Assessment of Development of the Arctic: Assessment Conducted for the European Union”
The Changing Arctic and the European Union provides a balanced and up-to-date overview of the multidimensional change taking place in the Arctic regions. Against this background, the role of the European Union regarding Arctic developments is considered, including the ongoing process of formulating an umbrella EU Arctic policy. In particular, the themes of climate change, maritime transport, fisheries, offshore oil and gas extraction, mining, lan…
Environmental Impact Assessment in the Arctic: A Guide to Best Practice
Significant growth in economic activity in the Arctic has added weight to the argument that projects must be developed responsibly and sustainably. Addressing growing concerns regarding the exploitation of the Arctic’s natural resources, this timely book presents and evaluates examples of best practice in Arctic environmental impact assessment
Transformational Change and Regime Shifts in the Circumpolar Arctic
The Arctic is changing rapidly, and there are many indications that the region is in the midst of transformational change. While some of the focus relates to impacts of climate change, rapid economic development and the potential for shifts in political and social structures in the region have also been in the limelight. This article looks at the circumpolar Arctic as a potential case of aregime shift in a large-scale social–ecological system tha…
Protecting the Environment of the Final Frontiers
For many, the polar regions still represent the last places where human influence has not had an impact. These are the last frontiers where you can find wilderness not cursed by human touch. For those who know these regions, and have visited them, however, this characterization is far from the reality. Even if these are still relatively clean environments, anthropogenic pollution, whether in the form of persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals…
Comparative Analysis of Access and Benefit Sharing Regimes in India and Russia in Context of Indigenous People and Local Communities
Conforming to the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable \nSharing of Benefits Arising out of their Utilisation (ABS), India has developed legislation and \nestablished statutory mechanisms, while Russia is evolving such legislation. The recognition and \nspace of indigenous people and local communities (ILCs)1 in domestic ABS regimes of Russia and \nIndia, and their participation/involvement in processes of int…
Social license to operate’: A relevant term in Northern European mining
The concept of social license to operate (SLO) is increasingly being used throughout the world to describe a specific aspect of company–community relations in resource-extractive projects, in particular how different actors interact to resolve, or not, the social and economic impacts on local communities and other stakeholders. This article will tease out the main elements of the SLO concept and examine the degree to which both actors (mining com…
Legal Protection of Sami Traditional Livelihoods from the Adverse Impacts of Mining: A Comparison of the Level of Protection Enjoyed by Sami in Their Four Home States
As a consequence of the growing global need for minerals, extractive industries are continuously expanding. In the North, together with several environmental problems such as climate change, this poses a real threat to the traditional livelihoods of Sami people. The article examines how the rights of Sami indigenous people are protected against adverse impacts of mining activities. The relevant national legislation is analyzed in all the four cou…
Michael Byers. International Law and the Arctic
A new era in the Arctic Council's external relations? Broader consequences of the Nuuk observer rules for Arctic governance
This article studies the role of observers under both the Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy (AEPS) and the Arctic Council (AC) before the Nuuk ministerial meeting that took place in May 2011. In this meeting, the AC actors were able to find consensus on criteria for admitting new observers, an issue that has received much media attention, given that China and the European Union, for example, are queuing to become observers in the AC. It is…
Increasing Relevance of Treaties: The Case of the Arctic
The Arctic was one of the main theatres for strategic military confrontation during the Cold War between the blocs led by the United States and the Soviet Union. There was no place for multilateral cooperation, other than for very limited issue areas, such as the 1973 Agreement on Conservation of Polar Bears between the five states with polar bear populations. Yet, the warming of relations by the end of the Cold War changed all this. Inspired by …
The present and future competence of the European Union in the Arctic
The European Union's (EU's) intention of becoming a permanent observer in the Arctic Council and the reluctance of Arctic actors to grant it that status have made the union's aspirations in the Arctic the subject of a continuing debate. The discussion appears to be dominated by geographical considerations and the EU's gradually emerging Arctic policy. This article puts forward a different view of the EU's presence in the region, one drawing on an…
Limits and possibilities of the Arctic Council in a rapidly changing scene of Arctic governance
In a very short time, discussions on Arctic governance have moved from being a topic of scholarly attention and NGO advocacy onto the agendas of states and of the European Union (EU). Increasingly, the various alternatives propounded by a diverse set of actors over what Arctic governance should look like appear as pre-negotiation tactics, a type of testing period before a regime change. The article examines whether the still predominant inter gov…
The participation of indigenous peoples in international norm-making in the Arctic
Indigenous peoples regularly regard international law as a very important tool for the advancement of their political goals. This is most likely because in many nation-states their opportunities for influencing political development are rather limited. Even though international law seems to be an important means for indigenous peoples to advance their goals, these peoples should be aware of its inherent limitations. One such shortcoming is that i…
Groupism and the politics of indigeneity: A case study on the Sámi debate in Finland
The article addresses the problems of defining an indigenous people by deconstructing the Sámi debate in Finland, which has escalated with the government’s commitment to ratify ILO Convention No. 169. We argue that the ethnopolitical conflict engendered by this commitment is a consequence of groupism, by which, following Rogers Brubaker, we mean the tendency to take discrete groups as chief protagonists of social conflicts, the tendency to treat …
After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022: Can we still cooperate with Russia in the Arctic
Russia’s war against Ukraine in February 2022 was the end of the Arctic cooperation between states and others as we knew it, despite the fact that Russia’s illegal actions are not occurring in the Arctic region. Russia’s attack on Ukraine caused pronounced security fears and responses, particularly from the European and North American countries, including the other Arctic states. This naturally affected Arctic cooperation because it is precisely …
A new era in the Arctic Council's external relations? Broader consequences of the Nuuk observer rules for Arctic governance
This article studies the role of observers under both the Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy (AEPS) and the Arctic Council (AC) before the Nuuk ministerial meeting that took place in May 2011. In this meeting, the AC actors were able to find consensus on criteria for admitting new observers, an issue that has received much media attention, given that China and the European Union, for example, are queuing to become observers in the AC. It is…
Legal Protection of Sami Traditional Livelihoods from the Adverse Impacts of Mining: A Comparison of the Level of Protection Enjoyed by Sami in Their Four Home States
As a consequence of the growing global need for minerals, extractive industries are continuously expanding. In the North, together with several environmental problems such as climate change, this poses a real threat to the traditional livelihoods of Sami people. The article examines how the rights of Sami indigenous people are protected against adverse impacts of mining activities. The relevant national legislation is analyzed in all the four cou…
The present and future competence of the European Union in the Arctic
The European Union's (EU's) intention of becoming a permanent observer in the Arctic Council and the reluctance of Arctic actors to grant it that status have made the union's aspirations in the Arctic the subject of a continuing debate. The discussion appears to be dominated by geographical considerations and the EU's gradually emerging Arctic policy. This article puts forward a different view of the EU's presence in the region, one drawing on an…
Demilitarisation and neutralisation of Svalbard: How has the Svalbard regime been able to meet the changing security realities during almost 100 years of existence
Norway will soon celebrate that 100 years ago, the former ‘no-man's land’ of the Svalbard archipelago was placed under its sovereignty. However, this paper focuses on another important and often omitted element also brought about by the 1920 Svalbard Treaty regarding its demilitarisation and neutralisation. We ask how has the Svalbard security regime been able to meet the various challenges it has faced over almost 100 years of existence? Also, g…
A Perceived Change in Intercultural Behavior: Analyzing Self-determination for Well-Being among Youth
It has been studied that there are many young immigrants who are at risk of being marginalized in Finnish Lapland. There are less opportunities for participating in activities in northern Finland, access to the local labor market is difficult, and there are few activities that support the youth immigrant’s own culture. These dilemmas may have regional differences, but the economic prospects for living a meaningful life are seen to be weaker in th…
Transformational Change and Regime Shifts in the Circumpolar Arctic
The Arctic is changing rapidly, and there are many indications that the region is in the midst of transformational change. While some of the focus relates to impacts of climate change, rapid economic development and the potential for shifts in political and social structures in the region have also been in the limelight. This article looks at the circumpolar Arctic as a potential case of aregime shift in a large-scale social–ecological system tha…
Increasing Relevance of Treaties: The Case of the Arctic
The Arctic was one of the main theatres for strategic military confrontation during the Cold War between the blocs led by the United States and the Soviet Union. There was no place for multilateral cooperation, other than for very limited issue areas, such as the 1973 Agreement on Conservation of Polar Bears between the five states with polar bear populations. Yet, the warming of relations by the end of the Cold War changed all this. Inspired by …
Environmental Protection in the Arctic and Antarctic: Can the Polar Regimes Learn From Each Other
There has been increasing dissatisfaction with the way Arctic-wide cooperation under the Arctic Council operates. Scholars and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have taken up the idea of finding a new direction for the work of the Council by drawing on the experience of the other pole, the Antarctic, and its well-established structures of governance. At first sight, this may seem like a misdirected idea, given that the two poles show more diff…
The participation of indigenous peoples in international norm-making in the Arctic
Indigenous peoples regularly regard international law as a very important tool for the advancement of their political goals. This is most likely because in many nation-states their opportunities for influencing political development are rather limited. Even though international law seems to be an important means for indigenous peoples to advance their goals, these peoples should be aware of its inherent limitations. One such shortcoming is that i…
Transboundary environmental assessment in the Arctic
The main intent of this article is to examine the extent of applicable international treaties and other regulations that oblige the concerned states to perform transboundary environmental assessment (TEA) in the Arctic, and whether these have induced any state practice. Since the co-operation process between the eight Arctic states has adopted an instrument aiming to influence how TEA should be undertaken in the Arctic conditions, a closer examin…
Climate Governance in the Arctic
Limits and possibilities of the Arctic Council in a rapidly changing scene of Arctic governance
In a very short time, discussions on Arctic governance have moved from being a topic of scholarly attention and NGO advocacy onto the agendas of states and of the European Union (EU). Increasingly, the various alternatives propounded by a diverse set of actors over what Arctic governance should look like appear as pre-negotiation tactics, a type of testing period before a regime change. The article examines whether the still predominant inter gov…
The present and future competence of the European Union in the Arctic
The European Union's (EU's) intention of becoming a permanent observer in the Arctic Council and the reluctance of Arctic actors to grant it that status have made the union's aspirations in the Arctic the subject of a continuing debate. The discussion appears to be dominated by geographical considerations and the EU's gradually emerging Arctic policy. This article puts forward a different view of the EU's presence in the region, one drawing on an…
Michael Byers. International Law and the Arctic
A new era in the Arctic Council's external relations? Broader consequences of the Nuuk observer rules for Arctic governance
This article studies the role of observers under both the Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy (AEPS) and the Arctic Council (AC) before the Nuuk ministerial meeting that took place in May 2011. In this meeting, the AC actors were able to find consensus on criteria for admitting new observers, an issue that has received much media attention, given that China and the European Union, for example, are queuing to become observers in the AC. It is…
Increasing Relevance of Treaties: The Case of the Arctic
The Arctic was one of the main theatres for strategic military confrontation during the Cold War between the blocs led by the United States and the Soviet Union. There was no place for multilateral cooperation, other than for very limited issue areas, such as the 1973 Agreement on Conservation of Polar Bears between the five states with polar bear populations. Yet, the warming of relations by the end of the Cold War changed all this. Inspired by …
Social license to operate’: A relevant term in Northern European mining
The concept of social license to operate (SLO) is increasingly being used throughout the world to describe a specific aspect of company–community relations in resource-extractive projects, in particular how different actors interact to resolve, or not, the social and economic impacts on local communities and other stakeholders. This article will tease out the main elements of the SLO concept and examine the degree to which both actors (mining com…
Legal Protection of Sami Traditional Livelihoods from the Adverse Impacts of Mining: A Comparison of the Level of Protection Enjoyed by Sami in Their Four Home States
As a consequence of the growing global need for minerals, extractive industries are continuously expanding. In the North, together with several environmental problems such as climate change, this poses a real threat to the traditional livelihoods of Sami people. The article examines how the rights of Sami indigenous people are protected against adverse impacts of mining activities. The relevant national legislation is analyzed in all the four cou…
The Changing Arctic and the European Union: A Book Based on the Report “Strategic Assessment of Development of the Arctic: Assessment Conducted for the European Union”
The Changing Arctic and the European Union provides a balanced and up-to-date overview of the multidimensional change taking place in the Arctic regions. Against this background, the role of the European Union regarding Arctic developments is considered, including the ongoing process of formulating an umbrella EU Arctic policy. In particular, the themes of climate change, maritime transport, fisheries, offshore oil and gas extraction, mining, lan…
Environmental Impact Assessment in the Arctic: A Guide to Best Practice
Significant growth in economic activity in the Arctic has added weight to the argument that projects must be developed responsibly and sustainably. Addressing growing concerns regarding the exploitation of the Arctic’s natural resources, this timely book presents and evaluates examples of best practice in Arctic environmental impact assessment
Transformational Change and Regime Shifts in the Circumpolar Arctic
The Arctic is changing rapidly, and there are many indications that the region is in the midst of transformational change. While some of the focus relates to impacts of climate change, rapid economic development and the potential for shifts in political and social structures in the region have also been in the limelight. This article looks at the circumpolar Arctic as a potential case of aregime shift in a large-scale social–ecological system tha…
Protecting the Environment of the Final Frontiers
For many, the polar regions still represent the last places where human influence has not had an impact. These are the last frontiers where you can find wilderness not cursed by human touch. For those who know these regions, and have visited them, however, this characterization is far from the reality. Even if these are still relatively clean environments, anthropogenic pollution, whether in the form of persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals…
Comparative Analysis of Access and Benefit Sharing Regimes in India and Russia in Context of Indigenous People and Local Communities
Conforming to the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable \nSharing of Benefits Arising out of their Utilisation (ABS), India has developed legislation and \nestablished statutory mechanisms, while Russia is evolving such legislation. The recognition and \nspace of indigenous people and local communities (ILCs)1 in domestic ABS regimes of Russia and \nIndia, and their participation/involvement in processes of int…
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in the Arctic
This title was first published in 2002. This volume examines the norms of international law that apply to the planning stage of large-scale activities such as hydrocarbon exploitation, mineral extraction and forestry. These stationary activities (those that remain at a single location for a period of time), pose grave risks to the Arctic environment, since the development of technology has made it profitable to exploit natural resources even in s…
Demilitarisation and neutralisation of Svalbard: How has the Svalbard regime been able to meet the changing security realities during almost 100 years of existence
Norway will soon celebrate that 100 years ago, the former ‘no-man's land’ of the Svalbard archipelago was placed under its sovereignty. However, this paper focuses on another important and often omitted element also brought about by the 1920 Svalbard Treaty regarding its demilitarisation and neutralisation. We ask how has the Svalbard security regime been able to meet the various challenges it has faced over almost 100 years of existence? Also, g…
Groupism and the politics of indigeneity: A case study on the Sámi debate in Finland
The article addresses the problems of defining an indigenous people by deconstructing the Sámi debate in Finland, which has escalated with the government’s commitment to ratify ILO Convention No. 169. We argue that the ethnopolitical conflict engendered by this commitment is a consequence of groupism, by which, following Rogers Brubaker, we mean the tendency to take discrete groups as chief protagonists of social conflicts, the tendency to treat …
Protection of the Arctic marine environment
This chapter examines what is the current framework and governance system for the Arctic marine environment to counter the various threats. It shows that the Arctic Ocean will likely be opened for the first time during the summer months in 2030–2040. The chapter examines how the governance 'landscape' and the various levels of governance are already preparing themselves for the emergence of a new Ocean. The Finnish initiative for Arctic-wide coop…
Managing Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction in the Changing Arctic
The development of an Internationally Binding Legal Instrument (ILBI) for the conservation and sustainable management of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) has profound implications for the future regulatory activities of a host of regional governance structures exercising competence over these waters. In the rather stilted vernacular of the BBNJ Process, the ILBI aspires to “not undermine” the work of preexi…
A Perceived Change in Intercultural Behavior: Analyzing Self-determination for Well-Being among Youth
It has been studied that there are many young immigrants who are at risk of being marginalized in Finnish Lapland. There are less opportunities for participating in activities in northern Finland, access to the local labor market is difficult, and there are few activities that support the youth immigrant’s own culture. These dilemmas may have regional differences, but the economic prospects for living a meaningful life are seen to be weaker in th…
Chinese Policy and Presence in the Arctic
In the book Chinese Policy and Presence in the Arctic, Koivurova and Kopra (editors) offer a comprehensive account of China’s evolving interests, policies and strategies in the Arctic region. Despite its lack of geography north of the Arctic Circle, China’s presence in the High North is expected to grow in the coming years, which, in turn, is likely to speed up globalization in the region. This book brings together experts on China and the Arctic…
Targeted Geoengineering: Local Interventions with Global Implications
Targeted geoengineering aims to tackle a global scale impact of climate warming by addressing local or regional systemic interventions. We consider three examples: conserving the West Antarctic ice sheet by limiting rates of ice discharge or increasing snow accumulation, thereby reducing global sea level rise; transforming the Arctic permafrost zone into steppe grassland; raising the albedo of Arctic sea ice. There are important differences betwe…
Renewable Economies in the Arctic
This book offers multidisciplinary perspectives on renewable economies in the Arctic and how these are being supported scientifically, economically, socially, and politically by Arctic states.The economic development of the Arctic region is witnessing new, innovative trends which hold promise for the sustainable development of the region. This book discusses the emerging forms of renewable economies to understand where intellectual and technologi…
Arctic and Russian Policy Studies (23 works) · Political science (22 works) · Arctic (20 works) · The arctic (18 works) · Oceanography (17 works) · Geography (15 works) · Law (15 works) · Economics (13 works) · Business (12 works) · Ecology (11 works)