Hossein Askari
Biographic Data
| ID | 478223 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Hossein Askari |
| GIVEN NAMES | Hossein |
| FAMILY NAME | Askari |
| SIGNATURE | ASKARI H |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Texas at Austin |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8973-366X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 21 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
The Economic Weapon
Conceptions of Justice from Islam to the Present
Memorial functional foods
The use of functional foods (FFs) for maintaining health and preventing or treating illnesses-in recent years-has been dramatically increased in the literature. There are available valuable examples of FFs in ethno medicine from different tribes. Ethnic FFs can be valuable resources for developing FFs science, e.g., introducing memorial FFs as an interdisciplinary ethnopharmacological concept. In this paper, ethnic FFs from Bavi tribe (Kohgiluyeh…
The Gold Standard Anchored in Islamic Finance
Askari and Krichene provide a comprehensive background for recent international financial crises rapid expansion of interest-bearing debt and monetary expansion though the fractional reserve banking s
Origins of Gold as Money
Gold and silver have been used as money throughout history. Each civilization had to organize its monetary system, the foundation of its internal and external trade as well as the safety of its wealth. Monetary organization was similar across nations: it consisted of adopting a monetary law defining the unit of account, the standard of value, and types of coins in terms of weights and shapes to be allowed to circulate. The law organized the mints…
Conflicts in the Persian Gulf
This book analyzes the origins of conflicts and wars in the Persian Gulf, assesses the common factor(s) that have been their essential fuel, determines their fallout for the political, economic, and h
Faut-il jeter à Ahmadinejad une bouée de sauvetage
The Militarization of the Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf is arguably the most militarized region in the world. The authors of this insightful book examine military expenditures, arms imports and military deployment to analyze how and why this came to be. Muslim teachings have much to say about peace, war and economics, and this book explores the ways in which Islamic thought affects military and economic developments.
Fixing the Mideast's Economies
Petroleum revenues, which theoretically should have supported economic prosperity, have in practice fueled regional conflicts, supported corruption, [and] created economic injustice
Social Safety Net in Islam
The Persian Gulf oil-exporting countries have had a poor record of managing their oil wealth to meet the basic needs of their citizenry and have failed in insuring an equitable distribution of income and opportunities. Government expenditures in the social sector can be characterized as wasteful and subsidies as regressive and for the more-heavily populated countries simply unsustainable. Set within the paradigm of Islamic economics, providing bo…
Iran's Financial Stake in Caspian Oil
Since the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, the questions of how to divide the Caspian Sea and transport its oil and gas have not been resolved and have become more problematic because of outside interference. It is in Iran's financial interest to take the initiative and either accept a smaller section of the Caspian Sea—if guaranteed the opportunity to participate in the transport of its hydrocarbons—or propose an Iranian solution of creatin…
The Euro and Financial Market Integration
One of the projected benefits of the euro was to be a unified capital market. The cost of capital would be lower and this, coupled with the larger market, would motivate large EU entities to satisfy their financing needs within the euro area. Our results support the expectation that the financial markets of the euro area countries would become more unified with a lowered cost of capital, especially for the less financially credible countries. It …
Iran's Economic Policy Dilemma
IN 1979, THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN (IRI) inherited an economy that was heavily dependent on oil with a small and inefficient manufacturing sector. An eight-year war with Iraq, an influx of refugees, rapid population growth, US economic sanctions and politically expedient policies have resulted in the economic conditions of today, conditions under which the IRI has little room for manoeuvre. The medium- and long-term policies that are called fo…
Management of Newly Privatized Companies
The Pressures of Oil
Food shortages in the Middle East
For at least two major reasons, it is essential to assess the current and future balance sheet for food supply and demand in the Middle East. In a hungry world, it is crucial to know both the productive potential and the requirements of all regions. From a more parochial viewpoint, the countries of the Middle East are surely aware of the effects of embargoes in vital commodity trade. The possibility that such an embargo of food products could be …
Iran's Migration of Skilled Labor to the United States
The growth of Iran's economy, like that of any developing country, is dependent not only on how its natural resources are used, but also its human resources. The two together can lead to increases in both the quantity and quality of physical capital. This process does not require absolutely synchronous improvements in the way both natural and human resources are employed, but certainly changes must be parallel. If, on the other hand, exploitation…
Land Reform in the Middle East
In any program of land reform, the method of determining compensation for the land to the former landlord and the cost to the peasant can be of great social and economic significance. This possibility arises from the fact that the officially determined value of redistributed land—whether it is below, equal to, or above the true market value—could have a considerable direct effect on the distribution of wealth among the various socioeconomic class…
Land Reform in the Middle East
The success or failure of land reform programs in the past has been, in general, evaluated on the basis of whether agricultural output increases or decreases following their adoption and the implementation of their principal provisions. Yet this approach ignores other factors, such as the effect of prices on output, making it likely that the influence of land reform is under- or over-estimated. In this paper, we suggest that it is possible to iso…
The Middle East and the United States
In explaining the determinants of economic growth, economists have attempted to distinguish the relative contributions made by various inputs. Theodore Schultz concluded that improvements in human capital have made larger contributions to growth than increases in physical capital. E. F. Denison was even more specific in his pioneering studies of changes in real national income in the United States from 1927 to 1967, estimating that 23 percent of …
The Future of Economic Integration within the Arab World
As our main guidelines in judging the probability of success in the formation of an economic union, we have used past trade patterns to indicate complementarities between the prospective partners, oil revenue projections to estimate the degree of future expansion of both demand and supply, and the principles of mutual self-interest and universal gain to argue for the likelihood of cooperation of all members. The essential participants in a Middle…
Recent economic growth in Iran
Iran, one of the larger countries of the Middle East, has been considered historically a less-developed country. In recent years, however, Iran appears to have been achieving tremendous economic progress. In 1972, Iran's gross national product increased to 1,186X4 billion rials (from 412 9 billion rials in 1964); the average annual real rate of growth of G.N.P. (since 1965) has been a phenomenal 10 * 4 per cent; and per capita G.N.P., despite Ira…
Chaxges in Specialization Patterns and the Gains From a Customs Union
Stability of export earnings of developing nations
The purpose of this paper is to examine export earning stability for 70 LDCs, over a time period from 1954 to 1968. Our intention is to test a traditional hypothesis that LDCs exporting a large percentage of primary products must on this account suffer from a large degree of export instability. Our results leads us to reject this hypothesis. We do not find any evidence in our work to support this view, in fact we find the opposite is true, that i…
A Comment on Empirical Estimates of Trade Creation and Trade Diversion
Journal Article A Comment on Empirical Estimates of Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Get access Hossein Askari Hossein Askari Wayne State University. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 84, Issue 334, 1 June 1974, Pages 392–393, https://doi.org/10.2307/2231267 Published: 01 June 1974
The Middle East and the United States
In explaining the determinants of economic growth, economists have attempted to distinguish the relative contributions made by various inputs. Theodore Schultz concluded that improvements in human capital have made larger contributions to growth than increases in physical capital. E. F. Denison was even more specific in his pioneering studies of changes in real national income in the United States from 1927 to 1967, estimating that 23 percent of …
Management of Newly Privatized Companies
Economic Implications of Military Expenditures in the Middle East
Since 1949 military expenditures in the Middle East have grown at a rapid rate and are now large in dollar volume. For instance, from 1949-1969, military expenditures increased at an average annual rate of 14 percent for the Middle Eastern Nations (UAR, Israel, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait and Lebanon) as compared to a rate of 7 percent for the United States, 4.6 percent for France, 4.1 percent for the Soviet Union and 1.6 percent for…
Iran's Migration of Skilled Labor to the United States
The growth of Iran's economy, like that of any developing country, is dependent not only on how its natural resources are used, but also its human resources. The two together can lead to increases in both the quantity and quality of physical capital. This process does not require absolutely synchronous improvements in the way both natural and human resources are employed, but certainly changes must be parallel. If, on the other hand, exploitation…
The Future of Economic Integration within the Arab World
As our main guidelines in judging the probability of success in the formation of an economic union, we have used past trade patterns to indicate complementarities between the prospective partners, oil revenue projections to estimate the degree of future expansion of both demand and supply, and the principles of mutual self-interest and universal gain to argue for the likelihood of cooperation of all members. The essential participants in a Middle…
Memorial functional foods
The use of functional foods (FFs) for maintaining health and preventing or treating illnesses-in recent years-has been dramatically increased in the literature. There are available valuable examples of FFs in ethno medicine from different tribes. Ethnic FFs can be valuable resources for developing FFs science, e.g., introducing memorial FFs as an interdisciplinary ethnopharmacological concept. In this paper, ethnic FFs from Bavi tribe (Kohgiluyeh…
Social Safety Net in Islam
The Persian Gulf oil-exporting countries have had a poor record of managing their oil wealth to meet the basic needs of their citizenry and have failed in insuring an equitable distribution of income and opportunities. Government expenditures in the social sector can be characterized as wasteful and subsidies as regressive and for the more-heavily populated countries simply unsustainable. Set within the paradigm of Islamic economics, providing bo…
The Euro and Financial Market Integration
One of the projected benefits of the euro was to be a unified capital market. The cost of capital would be lower and this, coupled with the larger market, would motivate large EU entities to satisfy their financing needs within the euro area. Our results support the expectation that the financial markets of the euro area countries would become more unified with a lowered cost of capital, especially for the less financially credible countries. It …
Iran's Economic Policy Dilemma
IN 1979, THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN (IRI) inherited an economy that was heavily dependent on oil with a small and inefficient manufacturing sector. An eight-year war with Iraq, an influx of refugees, rapid population growth, US economic sanctions and politically expedient policies have resulted in the economic conditions of today, conditions under which the IRI has little room for manoeuvre. The medium- and long-term policies that are called fo…
The Pressures of Oil
Food shortages in the Middle East
For at least two major reasons, it is essential to assess the current and future balance sheet for food supply and demand in the Middle East. In a hungry world, it is crucial to know both the productive potential and the requirements of all regions. From a more parochial viewpoint, the countries of the Middle East are surely aware of the effects of embargoes in vital commodity trade. The possibility that such an embargo of food products could be …
Stability of export earnings of developing nations
The purpose of this paper is to examine export earning stability for 70 LDCs, over a time period from 1954 to 1968. Our intention is to test a traditional hypothesis that LDCs exporting a large percentage of primary products must on this account suffer from a large degree of export instability. Our results leads us to reject this hypothesis. We do not find any evidence in our work to support this view, in fact we find the opposite is true, that i…
A Comment on Empirical Estimates of Trade Creation and Trade Diversion
Journal Article A Comment on Empirical Estimates of Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Get access Hossein Askari Hossein Askari Wayne State University. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 84, Issue 334, 1 June 1974, Pages 392–393, https://doi.org/10.2307/2231267 Published: 01 June 1974
Economic Implications of Military Expenditures in the Middle East
Since 1949 military expenditures in the Middle East have grown at a rapid rate and are now large in dollar volume. For instance, from 1949-1969, military expenditures increased at an average annual rate of 14 percent for the Middle Eastern Nations (UAR, Israel, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait and Lebanon) as compared to a rate of 7 percent for the United States, 4.6 percent for France, 4.1 percent for the Soviet Union and 1.6 percent for…
Recent economic growth in Iran
Iran, one of the larger countries of the Middle East, has been considered historically a less-developed country. In recent years, however, Iran appears to have been achieving tremendous economic progress. In 1972, Iran's gross national product increased to 1,186X4 billion rials (from 412 9 billion rials in 1964); the average annual real rate of growth of G.N.P. (since 1965) has been a phenomenal 10 * 4 per cent; and per capita G.N.P., despite Ira…
Chaxges in Specialization Patterns and the Gains From a Customs Union
Iran's Migration of Skilled Labor to the United States
The growth of Iran's economy, like that of any developing country, is dependent not only on how its natural resources are used, but also its human resources. The two together can lead to increases in both the quantity and quality of physical capital. This process does not require absolutely synchronous improvements in the way both natural and human resources are employed, but certainly changes must be parallel. If, on the other hand, exploitation…
Land Reform in the Middle East
In any program of land reform, the method of determining compensation for the land to the former landlord and the cost to the peasant can be of great social and economic significance. This possibility arises from the fact that the officially determined value of redistributed land—whether it is below, equal to, or above the true market value—could have a considerable direct effect on the distribution of wealth among the various socioeconomic class…
Land Reform in the Middle East
The success or failure of land reform programs in the past has been, in general, evaluated on the basis of whether agricultural output increases or decreases following their adoption and the implementation of their principal provisions. Yet this approach ignores other factors, such as the effect of prices on output, making it likely that the influence of land reform is under- or over-estimated. In this paper, we suggest that it is possible to iso…
The Middle East and the United States
In explaining the determinants of economic growth, economists have attempted to distinguish the relative contributions made by various inputs. Theodore Schultz concluded that improvements in human capital have made larger contributions to growth than increases in physical capital. E. F. Denison was even more specific in his pioneering studies of changes in real national income in the United States from 1927 to 1967, estimating that 23 percent of …
The Future of Economic Integration within the Arab World
As our main guidelines in judging the probability of success in the formation of an economic union, we have used past trade patterns to indicate complementarities between the prospective partners, oil revenue projections to estimate the degree of future expansion of both demand and supply, and the principles of mutual self-interest and universal gain to argue for the likelihood of cooperation of all members. The essential participants in a Middle…
Food shortages in the Middle East
For at least two major reasons, it is essential to assess the current and future balance sheet for food supply and demand in the Middle East. In a hungry world, it is crucial to know both the productive potential and the requirements of all regions. From a more parochial viewpoint, the countries of the Middle East are surely aware of the effects of embargoes in vital commodity trade. The possibility that such an embargo of food products could be …
The Pressures of Oil
Management of Newly Privatized Companies
Iran's Economic Policy Dilemma
IN 1979, THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN (IRI) inherited an economy that was heavily dependent on oil with a small and inefficient manufacturing sector. An eight-year war with Iraq, an influx of refugees, rapid population growth, US economic sanctions and politically expedient policies have resulted in the economic conditions of today, conditions under which the IRI has little room for manoeuvre. The medium- and long-term policies that are called fo…
The Euro and Financial Market Integration
One of the projected benefits of the euro was to be a unified capital market. The cost of capital would be lower and this, coupled with the larger market, would motivate large EU entities to satisfy their financing needs within the euro area. Our results support the expectation that the financial markets of the euro area countries would become more unified with a lowered cost of capital, especially for the less financially credible countries. It …
Iran's Financial Stake in Caspian Oil
Since the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, the questions of how to divide the Caspian Sea and transport its oil and gas have not been resolved and have become more problematic because of outside interference. It is in Iran's financial interest to take the initiative and either accept a smaller section of the Caspian Sea—if guaranteed the opportunity to participate in the transport of its hydrocarbons—or propose an Iranian solution of creatin…
Social Safety Net in Islam
The Persian Gulf oil-exporting countries have had a poor record of managing their oil wealth to meet the basic needs of their citizenry and have failed in insuring an equitable distribution of income and opportunities. Government expenditures in the social sector can be characterized as wasteful and subsidies as regressive and for the more-heavily populated countries simply unsustainable. Set within the paradigm of Islamic economics, providing bo…
The Militarization of the Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf is arguably the most militarized region in the world. The authors of this insightful book examine military expenditures, arms imports and military deployment to analyze how and why this came to be. Muslim teachings have much to say about peace, war and economics, and this book explores the ways in which Islamic thought affects military and economic developments.
Fixing the Mideast's Economies
Petroleum revenues, which theoretically should have supported economic prosperity, have in practice fueled regional conflicts, supported corruption, [and] created economic injustice
Faut-il jeter à Ahmadinejad une bouée de sauvetage
Conflicts in the Persian Gulf
This book analyzes the origins of conflicts and wars in the Persian Gulf, assesses the common factor(s) that have been their essential fuel, determines their fallout for the political, economic, and h
The Gold Standard Anchored in Islamic Finance
Askari and Krichene provide a comprehensive background for recent international financial crises rapid expansion of interest-bearing debt and monetary expansion though the fractional reserve banking s
Origins of Gold as Money
Gold and silver have been used as money throughout history. Each civilization had to organize its monetary system, the foundation of its internal and external trade as well as the safety of its wealth. Monetary organization was similar across nations: it consisted of adopting a monetary law defining the unit of account, the standard of value, and types of coins in terms of weights and shapes to be allowed to circulate. The law organized the mints…
Conceptions of Justice from Islam to the Present
Memorial functional foods
The use of functional foods (FFs) for maintaining health and preventing or treating illnesses-in recent years-has been dramatically increased in the literature. There are available valuable examples of FFs in ethno medicine from different tribes. Ethnic FFs can be valuable resources for developing FFs science, e.g., introducing memorial FFs as an interdisciplinary ethnopharmacological concept. In this paper, ethnic FFs from Bavi tribe (Kohgiluyeh…
Economics (21 works) · Political science (20 works) · Development economics (11 works) · Law (10 works) · Business (9 works) · Geography (9 works) · Economic growth (8 works) · History (8 works) · Ancient history (5 works) · Engineering (5 works)