John Gascoigne
Biographic Data
| ID | 493244 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John Gascoigne |
| GIVEN NAMES | John |
| FAMILY NAME | Gascoigne |
| SIGNATURE | GASCOIGNE J |
| AFFILIATIONS | UNSW Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6629-2558 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 48 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 47 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 46 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1984 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Science, Philosophy and Religion in the Age of the Enlightenment: British and Global Contexts
Taking as its focus the wide-ranging character of the Enlightenment, both in geographical and intellectual terms, this second collection of articles by John Gascoigne explores this movement's filiation and influence in a range of contexts. In contrast to some recently influential views it emphasises the evolutionary rather than the revolutionary character of the Enlightenment and its ability to change society by adaptation rather than demolition.…
The German Enlightenment and the Pacific
Science, Politics and Universities in Europe, 1600-1800
This book seeks to illustrate the interconnections of science and philosophy with religion and politics in the early modern period by focusing on the institutional dynamics of the university. Much of the work is devoted to one key university- that of Cambridge- and examines the major issues of the institutional setting of Newton’s work, the religious and political circumstances that favoured its dissemination, and the way in which it was dealt wi…
Anatomists of Empire: Race, Evolution and the Discovery of Human Biology in the British World
Anatomists of Empire: Race, Evolution and the Discovery of Human Biology in the British World." Australian Historical Studies, 53(3), pp. 502–503
EilishGregory: Catholics during the English Revolution, 1642–1660: Politics, Sequestration and Loyalty. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2021; pp. viii + 234
The German Enlightenment and the Pacific
AshleyWalsh: Civil Religion and the Enlightenment in England , 1707–1800. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2020; pp. xiii + 250
Reason, Religion and the Australian Polity: A Secular State?
How did the concept of the secular state emerge and evolve in Australia and how has it impacted on its institutions? This is the most comprehensive study to date on the relationship between religion and the state in Australian history, focusing on the meaning of political secularity in a society that was from the beginning marked by a high degree of religious plurality. This book tracks the rise and fall of the established Church of England, the …
Brett C.McInelly and Paul E.Kerry: New Approaches to Religion and the Enlightenment. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield2018; pp. viii + 405
Global Intersections: US Whalers and Voyagers and Australasia
The focus of this article is the way in which United States (US) whalers, and other Pacific voyagers, helped to consolidate an increasingly globalized understanding of the world ‒ with implications for both the US itself and Australasia. The US globalizing enterprises also resulted in greater contact between Europeans and a diverse range of peoples within the Pacific, which encompassed Australian Aborigines and Polynesians. Linking the US and Aus…
Republicanism and Responsible Government: The Shaping of Democracy in Australia and Canada , by Benjamin T. Jones
Republicanism and Responsible Government: The Shaping of Democracy in Australia and Canada, by Benjamin T. Jones. Montreal & Kingston, McGill-Queen's University Press, 2014. x, 299 pp. $100.00 Cdn (cloth), $34.95 (paper). There is no such thing as society, Mrs Thatcher famously expostulated with distillation of the essence of the liberal creed, There are individual men and women, and there are families. It is the contention of this work that such…
From Science to Religion: Justifying French Pacific Voyaging and Expansion in the Period of the Restoration and the July Monarchy
What explains the generous state sponsorship of the French Pacific voyages of scientific exploration in the period of the Restoration and the July Monarchy, and what links did these voyages have with the beginnings of a French Pacific empire from 1842? While it is argued that the early voyages owed much to state advancement of science, this goal receded as a reviving France became increasingly imperial minded. In justifying imperial expansion int…
Innocent on the Bounty: The court-martial and pardon of midshipman Peter Heywood, in letters; Mutiny and Aftermath: James Morrison's account of the mutiny on the Bounty and the island of Tahiti
The Cambridge History of Australia
The Cambridge History of Australia offers a comprehensive view of Australian history from its pre-European origins to the present day. Over two volumes, this major work of reference tells the nation's social, political and cultural story. Volume 1 examines Australia's indigenous and colonial history through to the Federation of the colonies in 1901. Volume 2 opens with the birth of the twentieth century, tracing developments in the nation through…
Bligh: William Bligh in the South Seas . By Anne Salmond; Bligh: master mariner . By Rob Mundle
Bligh: William Bligh in the South Seas. By Anne Salmond. Auckland, Penguin Viking, 2011, 528 pp., illus., maps, endnotes, index. ISBN. $NZ64.99. Co-published Berkeley, University of California Pres
Church and State in Old and New Worlds
Church-state relations have always been important but the need for an historical re-evaluation has been heightened by recent developments in the relations between governments and religious bodies. Drawing on a wide range of historical case-studies this book focuses particularly on the way in which the traditional European Old World fusion of church and state was reshaped in the New World of European settler colonies of the United States, Australi…
Getting physical: Empiricism’s medical History
Anglicanism and the British Empire c. 1700–1850 – By Rowan Strong
Church and State in Old and New Worlds
Books
There is no more imposing figure in the history of Australian anthropology than W.E.H. ('Bill') Stanner (1905-1981). While some of his contemporaries produced more ethnography, none matched his skill and eloquence in describing the life-worlds of Aboriginal people. While others of his age were just as closely involved in arguing for the defensibility of Aboriginal society, none did so with such convincing passion. With these two legacies in mind,…
The Journal of Religious History 1960-2010: The Changing Face of Religious History over Fifty Years
The fiftieth anniversary of this journal offers an opportunity to reflect on both its history and that of the larger field of religious history. At its foundation, the journal drew inspiration from the approach to the history of religion taken by Lucien Febvre and other French Annalistes, with their emphasis on including religion as an integral part of the analysis of the past. Though the journal continued to publish a good deal of ecclesiastical…
Roman Catholicism and Modern Science. A History – By Don O’Leary
The Royal Society, natural history and the peoples of the ‘New World(s)’, 1660–1800
This paper focuses on the response of the Royal Society to the increasing contact with parts of the globe beyond Europe. Such contact was in accord with the programme of Baconian natural history that the early Royal Society espoused, but it also raised basic questions about the extent and nature of the pursuit of natural history. In particular, the paper is concerned with the attention paid to one particular branch of natural history, the study o…
Introduction: Religion and Empire, an Historiographical Perspective
The relations between empires and Christianity have been the subject of considerable historiographical attention and it is the object of this paper to review the major issues in this recent literature to provide a context for the specialised papers which follow. Major issues on which discussion is focussed include the extent to which missionaries can be said to be agents of empire, the significance of missionary critique of imperial practice and …
Botany Bay Cargo: Church, State and the Shaping of European Australia 1
Drawing on the work of Hartz on the character of settler societies the article demonstrates the continuing impact on Australian political culture and the relations between church and state of the circumstances of the nation's foundation. For, while the tradition of an Established Church was discarded, there remained, as in Britain, a residue of an acceptance of a partnership between the state and religious bodies. This pragmatism in the relations…
Introduction: Religion and Empire, an Historiographical Perspective
The relations between empires and Christianity have been the subject of considerable historiographical attention and it is the object of this paper to review the major issues in this recent literature to provide a context for the specialised papers which follow. Major issues on which discussion is focussed include the extent to which missionaries can be said to be agents of empire, the significance of missionary critique of imperial practice and …
The Universities and the Scientific Revolution: The Case of Newton and Restoration Cambridge
Politics, Patronage and Newtonianism: The Cambridge Example
Oxford has never quite recovered from Matthew Arnold's description of his beloved alma mater as a ‘home of lost causes and forsaken beliefs, and unpopular names and impossible loyalties’. 1 While in popular stereotype Oxford is associated with such movements as the laudians, the Jacobites and the tractarians, Cambridge, by contrast, is seen as the home of more radical and reformist creeds: the puritans, the latitudinarians and the academic reform…
Mathematics and Meritocracy: The Emergence of the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos
The object of this paper is to examine possible reasons for the emergence of the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos, an institution which was to serve as a model for the introduction of competitive examinations throughout nineteenth-century Britain. After tracing the evolution of the Tripos, the links between this examination and the changing pattern of teaching within the University are investigated and the possible influence of the threatened parlia…
From Bentley to the Victorians: The Rise and Fall of British Newtonian Natural Theology
The ArgumentThe article explores the reasons for the rise to prominence of Newtonian natural theology in the period following the publication of thePrincipiain 1687, its continued importance throughout the eighteenth and first half of the nineteenth centuries, and possible explanations for its rapid decline in the second half of the nineteenth century. It argues that the career of Newtonian natural theology cannot be explained solely in terms of …
Anglican Latitudinarianism and Political Radicalism in the Late Eighteenth Century
From Science to Religion: Justifying French Pacific Voyaging and Expansion in the Period of the Restoration and the July Monarchy
What explains the generous state sponsorship of the French Pacific voyages of scientific exploration in the period of the Restoration and the July Monarchy, and what links did these voyages have with the beginnings of a French Pacific empire from 1842? While it is argued that the early voyages owed much to state advancement of science, this goal receded as a reviving France became increasingly imperial minded. In justifying imperial expansion int…
The Expanding Historiography of British Imperialism
This historiographical review considers recent developments in the writing of imperial history, paying particular attention to the growing emphasis on cultural history. Such an emphasis reflects a close engagement with issues such as the formation of national identity in an imperial context and the ways in which systems of knowledge – including religion, science, and notions of gender – were linked with structures of empire. The extent to which c…
Anatomists of Empire: Race, Evolution and the Discovery of Human Biology in the British World
Anatomists of Empire: Race, Evolution and the Discovery of Human Biology in the British World." Australian Historical Studies, 53(3), pp. 502–503
The Royal Society, natural history and the peoples of the ‘New World(s)’, 1660–1800
This paper focuses on the response of the Royal Society to the increasing contact with parts of the globe beyond Europe. Such contact was in accord with the programme of Baconian natural history that the early Royal Society espoused, but it also raised basic questions about the extent and nature of the pursuit of natural history. In particular, the paper is concerned with the attention paid to one particular branch of natural history, the study o…
The Eighteenth-Century Scientific Community: A Prosopographical Study
The object of this note is to provide a prosopographical analysis of the eighteenth-century scientific community with a view to explaining the gradual breakdown over the course of that century of the traditional general categories of 'natural philosophy' and 'natural history', and their replacement by a wide range of separate scientific disciplines
Science, Politics and Universities in Europe, 1600-1800
This book seeks to illustrate the interconnections of science and philosophy with religion and politics in the early modern period by focusing on the institutional dynamics of the university. Much of the work is devoted to one key university- that of Cambridge- and examines the major issues of the institutional setting of Newton’s work, the religious and political circumstances that favoured its dissemination, and the way in which it was dealt wi…
The Royal Society and the emergence of science as an instrument of state policy
The Royal Society took as one of its patron saints Francis Bacon, who envisaged the great calling of science as acting as a means of effecting ‘the relief of man's estate’ through a partnership between philosophers and politicians. The object of this paper is to examine the extent to which this goal was realized from the time of the Society's foundation until the end of the eighteenth century. By doing so it attempts to analyse not only the chara…
The Unity of Church and State Challenged: Responses to Hooker from the Restoration to the Nineteenth–Century Age of Reform
The cultural origins of Australian universities
(1996). The cultural origins of Australian universities. Journal of Australian Studies: Vol. 20, No. 50-51, pp. 18-27
Mathematics and Meritocracy: The Emergence of the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos
The object of this paper is to examine possible reasons for the emergence of the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos, an institution which was to serve as a model for the introduction of competitive examinations throughout nineteenth-century Britain. After tracing the evolution of the Tripos, the links between this examination and the changing pattern of teaching within the University are investigated and the possible influence of the threatened parlia…
Politics, Patronage and Newtonianism: The Cambridge Example
Oxford has never quite recovered from Matthew Arnold's description of his beloved alma mater as a ‘home of lost causes and forsaken beliefs, and unpopular names and impossible loyalties’. 1 While in popular stereotype Oxford is associated with such movements as the laudians, the Jacobites and the tractarians, Cambridge, by contrast, is seen as the home of more radical and reformist creeds: the puritans, the latitudinarians and the academic reform…
The Universities and the Scientific Revolution: The Case of Newton and Restoration Cambridge
Anglican Latitudinarianism and Political Radicalism in the Late Eighteenth Century
From Bentley to the Victorians: The Rise and Fall of British Newtonian Natural Theology
The ArgumentThe article explores the reasons for the rise to prominence of Newtonian natural theology in the period following the publication of thePrincipiain 1687, its continued importance throughout the eighteenth and first half of the nineteenth centuries, and possible explanations for its rapid decline in the second half of the nineteenth century. It argues that the career of Newtonian natural theology cannot be explained solely in terms of …
Cambridge in the Age of the Enlightenment: Science, Religion and Politics from the Restoration to the French Revolution
This book attempts to defend the use of the term 'English Enlightenment' by using late seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Cambridge as an illustration of the widespread diffusion of some of the chief characteristics of the Enlightenment within the Church of England and the English 'Establishment' more generally. It also seeks to provide a social context for the dissemination of such ideas by indicating how the political and ecclesiastical conseq…
Cambridge in the age of the Enlightenment: Science, religion, and politics from the Restoration to the French Revolution
The University of Cambridge (informally known as Cambridge University or simply as Cambridge) is a public research university located in Cambridge, England, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world (after the University of Oxford), and the third-oldest surviving university in the world. In post-nominals the university's name is abbreviated as Cantab, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis (an adjective derived…
Cambridge in the Age of the Enlightenment. Science, Religion and Politics From the Restoration to the French Revolution
Shorter Notices
Shorter Notices Get access JOHN GASCOIGNE JOHN GASCOIGNE University of New South Wales Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CVI, Issue CCCCXXI, October 1991, Pages 1014–1015, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/CVI.CCCCXXI.1014 Published: 01 October 1991
Cambridge in the Age of the Enlightenment: Science, Religion and Politics from the Restoration to the French Revolution
The Rise of Public Science: Rhetoric, Technology, and Natural Philosophy in Newtonian Britain, 1660-1750 . Larry Stewart
The Eighteenth-Century Scientific Community: A Prosopographical Study
The object of this note is to provide a prosopographical analysis of the eighteenth-century scientific community with a view to explaining the gradual breakdown over the course of that century of the traditional general categories of 'natural philosophy' and 'natural history', and their replacement by a wide range of separate scientific disciplines
The cultural origins of Australian universities
(1996). The cultural origins of Australian universities. Journal of Australian Studies: Vol. 20, No. 50-51, pp. 18-27
Change and Stability: Natural Philosophy at the Academy of Turku (1640-1713). Maija Kallinen
Church and State Unified: Hooker’s Rationale for the English Post‐Reformation Order
The Unity of Church and State Challenged: Responses to Hooker from the Restoration to the Nineteenth–Century Age of Reform
The Royal Society and the emergence of science as an instrument of state policy
The Royal Society took as one of its patron saints Francis Bacon, who envisaged the great calling of science as acting as a means of effecting ‘the relief of man's estate’ through a partnership between philosophers and politicians. The object of this paper is to examine the extent to which this goal was realized from the time of the Society's foundation until the end of the eighteenth century. By doing so it attempts to analyse not only the chara…
Roy Porter 1946–2002
(2003). Roy Porter 1946–2002. Australian Historical Studies: Vol. 34, No. 121, pp. 172-174
The Cultivation of Whiteness: Science, Health and Racial Destiny in Australia
Botany and Empire
The Expanding Historiography of British Imperialism
This historiographical review considers recent developments in the writing of imperial history, paying particular attention to the growing emphasis on cultural history. Such an emphasis reflects a close engagement with issues such as the formation of national identity in an imperial context and the ways in which systems of knowledge – including religion, science, and notions of gender – were linked with structures of empire. The extent to which c…
Botany Bay Cargo: Church, State and the Shaping of European Australia 1
Drawing on the work of Hartz on the character of settler societies the article demonstrates the continuing impact on Australian political culture and the relations between church and state of the circumstances of the nation's foundation. For, while the tradition of an Established Church was discarded, there remained, as in Britain, a residue of an acceptance of a partnership between the state and religious bodies. This pragmatism in the relations…
Wider still and wider: Science and the quest for exploration
Getting a Fix: TheLongitudePhenomenon
Using Dava Sobel’s best‐sellling Longitude as its departure point, this essay considers the varying goals of the popular and the academic historian of science. It argues that, though there is common ground, there are major differences between the two in terms of style, use of evidence, approach to context, and thematic focus. Nonetheless, academics have much to learn from writers such as Sobel in addressing a wider audience and relating specializ…
Introduction: Religion and Empire, an Historiographical Perspective
The relations between empires and Christianity have been the subject of considerable historiographical attention and it is the object of this paper to review the major issues in this recent literature to provide a context for the specialised papers which follow. Major issues on which discussion is focussed include the extent to which missionaries can be said to be agents of empire, the significance of missionary critique of imperial practice and …
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