M Valenta
Biographic Data
| ID | 49832 |
|---|---|
| NAME | M Valenta |
| GIVEN NAMES | M |
| FAMILY NAME | Valenta |
| SIGNATURE | VALENTA M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Norwegian University of Science and Technology |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3332-4840 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 51 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 312 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 51 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2006 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Cross-country analysis of negative attitudes towards immigrants and immigration in Southeast Asia: A case of Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand
This article focuses on anti-immigrant attitudes in the three largest receivers of immigrants in Southeast Asia—Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. We found that the two dimensions of attitudes we analyzed—attitudes toward immigrants and immigration—have differing predictive power in the three countries, suggesting that they are rooted in distinct local concerns. Overall, the study found that people’s concerns regarding competition for jobs genera…
Retaining and Increasing Population in Island Communities: A Comparative Case Study of Two Islands in Norway and Croatia
Population loss is one of the main challenges facing smaller island communities in Europe. In this study, we conduct a comparative analysis of population challenges in two island communities: one in Croatia and one in Norway. These two island communities have been struggling with slow, but very long‐term population decline. They have also both experienced an economic upswing in recent decades, resulting in fairly large numbers of labour immigrant…
Life in Rural Spain as an Immigrant Domestic Care Worker: Diverse Testimonies From Teruel
This article contributes to the limited literature on immigrant caregivers in rural Spain. Building upon interview data, it examines the question of social inclusion with a focus on employment from the perspectives of Latin American women working in private, home‐based elderly care. The interviews were conducted in small towns and villages across Teruel; a landlocked, sparsely populated, predominantly rural province in eastern Spain. For these ca…
Scepticism towards Islam or religiosity? An experimental approach to exploring scepticism towards Muslims in Norway
Muslims in Europe tend to have an immigrant background. Consequently, they often face a twofold challenge: they are subjected to the prejudice and discrimination immigrants in general face alongside prejudice directed towards them as a religious minority. In this study, we explore the role of Muslims’ religiosity and how it relates to scepticism towards Muslims. We apply an online split-sample survey experiment conducted in 2021 to investigate No…
Perceptions of migrant domestic workers in rural Southern Europe: Insights from Italy and Spain
This study examined perceptions and sentiments toward female migrant domestic workers providing elderly care in two “predominantly rural” Southern European provinces: Potenza in Italy and Teruel in Spain. We analyzed field observations, interviews, and conversations collected mainly in small towns and villages. Our goal was to better understand how migrant domestic workers were perceived across different societal levels in their rural communities…
Navigating the Labor Market: A Study of Immigrant Domestic Care Workers in Rural Southern Europe
This study examines the factors driving employment, adaptation strategies, and labor market trajectories of female, immigrant domestic care workers in rural southern Europe. Through thematic analysis of fieldwork data collected in Potenza (Italy) and Teruel (Spain), it explores the interaction between local labor market dynamics and these workers’ migrant capital. Contributing to a body of literature that has largely overlooked the rural dimensio…
Allowing time to piece the puzzle together: Experiences of Norwegian service providers in supporting the empowerment of refugees with limited formal education
Outside the Western bubble: Explaining anti‐immigrant attitudes in 28 post‐communist countries
Most studies on anti‐immigrant attitudes have been conducted within the US or in Western European countries. As a result, the theoretical frameworks utilised to comprehend these attitudes are often based on a limited subset of the global population. Hence, it remains uncertain how these theories apply to regions beyond the Western context. Based on the Life in Transition Survey, we explore whether the theories and factors discussed in Western con…
The Journey to Teruel: Immigrant Women’s Pathways to the Domestic Sector in Rural Spain
This study aimed to deepen the understanding of the motivations and pathways that lead immigrant women to pursue employment in the home-based, elderly care sector in the Spanish countryside. To this end, we examine the individual perspectives of several foreign-born women engaged in this occupation across various small villages in Teruel, a sparsely populated province in eastern Spain. Relying predominantly on the aspirations–capabilities framewo…
Who would never grant them equal rights? A comparative analysis of welfare chauvinism in Central and Eastern Europe
Welfare chauvinism is often understood as the sentiment that the benefits and services of the welfare state should primarily be given to the native population and not immigrant minorities.Using linear regression on data from the 8th wave of the European Social Survey, this study explores how political attitudes and negative attitudes towards different immigrant groups affect welfare chauvinistic attitudes in six countries: the Czech Republic, Hun…
Changes in the Croatian migration system: Conceptualising the complexities of migrations, 1990-2023
This article explores the recent history of labour migration in post-independence Croatia. The time period under investigation is 1990–2023, which encompasses three decades during which the country has experienced complex migrations, in particular of labour migrants and refugees. The article’s ambition is twofold. First, it identifies changing elements of the Croatian migration system, exploring how it is embedded in the wider regional and intern…
Public attitudes towards immigrants: A curious case of Croatia
The Croatian population has been subjected to violent ethnic conflicts during the war in the 1990s and has more recently experienced large‐scale irregular and refugee migrations, as well as a notable increase in regular labour migration. Using data from the most recent wave of the European Social Survey, we have conducted an analysis of Croatian attitudes towards immigrants. Our study found that, despite Croatia's history of ethnic conflict and o…
Norway’s Immigrant Population and the Educational System: Grounds for Optimism
In this study, we analyse changes in the composition of the immigrant population in Norway and the educational achievements of various groups of immigrants. Our analyses use quantitative indicators to distinguish between the various sub-categories of the immigrant population, both with regard to reasons for immigration (such as labour, refugees, and family), as well as in relation to the immigrants’ geographical origins. We also analyse the educa…
Drivers and trajectories of multinational migrations of West African international students
This article focuses on international students from West Africa and their migration trajectories. Based on in‐depth interviews, we investigate the migration drivers and students' motivations to become international students. Building on the analytical framework of multinational stepwise migration, we also explore their aspirations, obstacles and coping strategies at different stages of their migratory paths. This study maintains that this form of…
Perceptions and realities: Explaining welfare chauvinism in Europe
Welfare chauvinism is largely understood as the view that the benefits of the welfare state should primarily be given to the native population, and not shared with the immigrant populations. Using a multilevel approach, we analyse welfare chauvinism in Europe and test to see how different contextual and macro-economic conditions may influence welfare chauvinistic attitudes in Europe, with a particular focus on different nuances of unemployment. W…
The dynamic of stepwise migrations of Nepalese high-skilled migrants via the Middle East
This article explores the experiences of Nepalese highly skilled migrants who use temporary migration to the Gulf region as a stepping-stone to further migration to developed countries outside the region. Furthermore, we explore the factors that influence migrants’ trajectories by applying the aspiration–ability model to understand various migratory steps of the Nepalese stepwise migrations. Here, we distinguish between migrants’ aspirations, abi…
Itinerant labour: Conceptualising circular, serial and stepwise migrations to the Arab Gulf and onwards
The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is among the largest receivers of labour migrants in the world. Labour migrations in the GCC are defined as temporary, but migrants engage in various adjustments that result in long-term residence in the GCC. Included in these adjustments are various circular, serial and stepwise migration strategies. In this article, we conceptualise and explore the patterns of itinerant labour migrations to the Gulf and onward…
The Role of Diaspora Policies, Ethnic Capital and International Education in Brazilian Migration
This article delves into the experiences of Brazilian students studying abroad, examining the factors that drive and hinder this type of international migration. Our analysis emphasises the importance of exchange programmes, transnational connections, and diasporic practices. We contend that the desire to emigrate is fostered by relative underdevelopment, but that international and local factors present structural barriers to realising those aspi…
The drivers and trajectories of Nepalese multiple migrations to the Arab Gulf
Within the last decade, oil-rich countries in the Middle East have become among the largest receivers of Nepalese labor migrants. It is estimated that about half of the total Nepalese labor migration currently funnels into Gulf Cooperation Council countries (the GCC). In this article, we explore the dynamics of these migrations based on in-depth interviews with Nepalese migrants at different stages of their migration trajectories. We find that mi…
Nordic welfare chauvinism: A comparative study of welfare chauvinism in Sweden, Norway and Finland
This study analyses welfare chauvinist attitudes in the generous welfare states of Sweden, Norway and Finland. We find that strict forms of exclusionary welfare chauvinism are near non-existent. However, Finland, Norway and Sweden are in the top tier in Europe when it comes to beliefs that immigrants need to obtain citizenship before being given equal rights to social benefits. This may indicate a future turn in social policy when it comes to inc…
Seeking asylum in Scandinavia: A comparative analysis of recent restrictive policy responses towards unaccompanied afghan minors in Denmark, Sweden and Norway
This article investigates recently imposed restrictions in the asylum regimes in Denmark, Sweden and Norway. The purpose of the paper is twofold. First, we aim to identify general changes in asylum policies and asylum legislation. Second, we discuss and compare the policy tools, practices and legislation that have undermined the rights of unaccompanied Afghan minors. We also observe new tools of internal and external deterrence and restrictive as…
A comparative analysis of changes in anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim attitudes in Europe: 1990–2017
Muslims and immigrants have both been subjected to negative attitudes over the past several decades in Europe. Using data from the European Values Study, this study analyses the changes in these attitudes in the period 1990–2017. We find that negative attitudes have been increasing on average in Europe as a whole, with anti-Muslim attitudes being more prevalent than anti-immigrant attitudes. However, when split into a Western European set and an …
Conceptualising Syrian War Migrations: Displacements, Migrants’ Rights and the Major Reception Regimes
This article focuses on the migration of people from Syria after the outbreak of the civil war. The ambition of the article is to develop and nuance the typology of migrations of Syrians and relate the categories of international migrants to their rights, as provided by various reception regimes. The proposed typologies may help us better to understand the complexity of the migrations and the inconsistencies in reception and humanitarian standard…
Syrian Refugee Migration, Transitions in Migrant Statuses and Future Scenarios of Syrian Mobility
This article analyses the international migrations and statuses of people who left Syria after the outbreak of the civil war. In addition to exploring the dynamics of Syrian refugee migrations since 2011, we also discuss future prospects and possibilities of return. The ambition of the article is twofold. First, we aim to develop and nuance the typology of migrations of Syrians. Secondly, the article seeks to explore useful lessons from former la…
Temporary Labour–Migration System and Long–term Residence Strategies in the United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates’ migration system, the sponsorship–based kafala system, is defined as a temporary labour–migration regime. Although there are policies making permanent residence unattainable for virtually all migrants, it is still relevant to explore the temporality of migrations in the UAE . The purpose of this study is to investigate developments in migration, migration policies and population trends in the country, including trends th…
State Assisted Integration: Refugee Integration Policies in Scandinavian Welfare States: the Swedish and Norwegian Experience
Journal Article State Assisted Integration: Refugee Integration Policies in Scandinavian Welfare States: the Swedish and Norwegian Experience Get access Marko Valenta, Marko Valenta Department of Social Work and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO 7491 Trondheim, Norway [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nihad Bunar Nihad Bunar Department of Child a…
Attitudes towards Muslim Immigrants: Evidence from Survey Experiments across Four Countries
There has been much negative focus on Muslims in public debates in the West and it is a matter of great interest to examine whether Muslims are particularly exposed to prejudice and hostility. Since it is known that immigrants tend to be exposed to prejudice, and practically all Muslims living in Western countries are either immigrants or are of immigrant origin, it is useful to analyse whether Muslims are viewed more negatively than immigrants i…
Immigrants' Identity Negotiations and Coping with Stigma in Different Relational Frames
This research describes strategies that immigrants deploy in face-to-face interactions with indigenous locals and links these strategies to their relational frames and networks. By focusing on interconnections between identity management and network management, the author further explores some of the key trends already documented in the contemporary literature on ethnicity. The article also adds new insight to the analysis of stigma and identity …
The Conditions and Migratory Aspirations of Syrian and Iraqi Refugees in Jordan
This article focuses on the experiences of Iraqi and Syrian refugees in Jordan and their aspirations to migrate onwards. It is based on interviews carried out between October 2015 and January 2016—a time that coincided with unprecedented irregular movement of refugees and migrants to Europe, partly a result of secondary migrations from countries neighbouring Syria such as Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan. Our data includes more than 60 in-depth intervi…
Wearing the veil: Hijab, Islam and job qualifications as determinants of social attitudes towards immigrant women in Norway
Immigrant women are a particularly vulnerable part of the immigrant population. In this paper we analyse negative attitudes towards immigrant women in Norway. We focus on immigrant women's formal job qualifications, their religious background and wearing of hijab - the headscarf sometimes used by Muslim women. Using survey-embedded experiments we are able to analyse the net effects on attitudes of job qualifications, Islamic religious background …
A comparative analysis of changes in anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim attitudes in Europe: 1990–2017
Muslims and immigrants have both been subjected to negative attitudes over the past several decades in Europe. Using data from the European Values Study, this study analyses the changes in these attitudes in the period 1990–2017. We find that negative attitudes have been increasing on average in Europe as a whole, with anti-Muslim attitudes being more prevalent than anti-immigrant attitudes. However, when split into a Western European set and an …
Syrian Refugee Migration, Transitions in Migrant Statuses and Future Scenarios of Syrian Mobility
This article analyses the international migrations and statuses of people who left Syria after the outbreak of the civil war. In addition to exploring the dynamics of Syrian refugee migrations since 2011, we also discuss future prospects and possibilities of return. The ambition of the article is twofold. First, we aim to develop and nuance the typology of migrations of Syrians. Secondly, the article seeks to explore useful lessons from former la…
User involvement and empowerment among asylum seekers in Norwegian reception centres: Brukermedvirkning blant beboere i norske asylmottak
A considerable amount of literature has been published on conditions in reception centres for asylum seekers. The previous studies show that the life of residents in the centres is characterised by uncertainty, passivity, powerlessness and gradual disqualification. Drawing from data collected from asylum seekers and service providers in Norwegian reception centres, this article examines the tools used to counteract these processes. The article ma…
Seeking asylum in Scandinavia: A comparative analysis of recent restrictive policy responses towards unaccompanied afghan minors in Denmark, Sweden and Norway
This article investigates recently imposed restrictions in the asylum regimes in Denmark, Sweden and Norway. The purpose of the paper is twofold. First, we aim to identify general changes in asylum policies and asylum legislation. Second, we discuss and compare the policy tools, practices and legislation that have undermined the rights of unaccompanied Afghan minors. We also observe new tools of internal and external deterrence and restrictive as…
Nordic welfare chauvinism: A comparative study of welfare chauvinism in Sweden, Norway and Finland
This study analyses welfare chauvinist attitudes in the generous welfare states of Sweden, Norway and Finland. We find that strict forms of exclusionary welfare chauvinism are near non-existent. However, Finland, Norway and Sweden are in the top tier in Europe when it comes to beliefs that immigrants need to obtain citizenship before being given equal rights to social benefits. This may indicate a future turn in social policy when it comes to inc…
State-assisted integration, but not for all: Norwegian welfare services and labour migration from the new EU member states
In the last decade, the labour migrant population, especially from East European countries, has significantly increased in Scandinavia. Among the Scandinavian countries, Norway stands as the largest recipient of labour migrants from new European Union (EU) countries. This article focuses on the reception conditions for labour migrants from new EU member states during the period 2004—2009. The article also explores, contextualizes and relates the …
The Dynamics of Bosnian Refugee Migrations in the 1990s, Current Migration Trends and Future Prospects
More than two million people have had to leave their original homes, and more than one million people have left Bosnia-Herzegovina altogether, as a result of the war in that country. Although large groups of refugees returned to the country in the late 1990s, the majority of refugees have resettled permanently in the receiving countries. In addition, tens of thousands of Bosnians migrated after the Dayton Peace Agreement was signed. Yet refugee m…
Perceptions and realities: Explaining welfare chauvinism in Europe
Welfare chauvinism is largely understood as the view that the benefits of the welfare state should primarily be given to the native population, and not shared with the immigrant populations. Using a multilevel approach, we analyse welfare chauvinism in Europe and test to see how different contextual and macro-economic conditions may influence welfare chauvinistic attitudes in Europe, with a particular focus on different nuances of unemployment. W…
Temporary Labour–Migration System and Long–term Residence Strategies in the United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates’ migration system, the sponsorship–based kafala system, is defined as a temporary labour–migration regime. Although there are policies making permanent residence unattainable for virtually all migrants, it is still relevant to explore the temporality of migrations in the UAE . The purpose of this study is to investigate developments in migration, migration policies and population trends in the country, including trends th…
Mixed Migrations to the Gulf: An Empirical Analysis of Migrations from Unstable and Refugee-producing Countries to the GCC, 1960–2015
The wealthy, oil-rich Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are among the largest destinations for temporary labour migrants in the world. However, these states have not signed the 1951 Refugee Convention and an asylum system is virtually non-existent in the GCC. Yet, it is relevant to ask whether certain segments of the migrant stock in the GCC are the result of mixed migrations. Numerous studies indicate that the variety of migrant flows is …
The dynamic of stepwise migrations of Nepalese high-skilled migrants via the Middle East
This article explores the experiences of Nepalese highly skilled migrants who use temporary migration to the Gulf region as a stepping-stone to further migration to developed countries outside the region. Furthermore, we explore the factors that influence migrants’ trajectories by applying the aspiration–ability model to understand various migratory steps of the Nepalese stepwise migrations. Here, we distinguish between migrants’ aspirations, abi…
The Reluctant Asylum-Seekers: Migrants at the Southeastern Frontiers of the European Migration System: Figure 1
Several Member States of the European Union in Southeastern Europe have experienced increased pressure on their asylum systems after they joined the Union. The latest member of the European Union, Croatia, has received lower numbers of asylum-seekers than most other countries in Southeastern Europe. This article explores migrants assessments of the benefits of arriving, staying, and leaving the country and indicates the push and pull factors that…
Ethnic groups and a dynamic of boundary making among co-ethnics: An experience from Croatian Istria
In this article, we explore ethnic group boundaries within a context of contemporary Istria. It is maintained that the local population of Istria has a strong regional identity and that boundaries between the members of local Croat majority and the researched minority and immigrant groups are characterised by blurred group boundaries. It is argued that these people are engaged in multiple forms of boundary making which challenge the ethno-nationa…
Chinese entrepreneurial migrants in Ghana: Socioeconomic impacts and Ghanaian trader attitudes
This article explores attitudes of Ghanaian traders towards an increasing Chinese influx into Ghanaian trading spaces and the impacts of Chinese merchants on Ghanaian traders and trading spaces. Despite a late entrance of Chinese merchants into Ghanaian trading spaces relative to Lebanese, Indians and Nigerians, the abrupt change in size of the Chinese trading community along with its huge capital and cheap goods have had big impacts on local tra…
Asylum-Seekers' Perspectives on Work and Proof of Identity: The Norwegian Experience
This article focuses on asylum-seekers’ perspectives on work including the Norwegian policy tightening concerning asylum-seekers’ right to work. The new policy states that asylum-seekers must prove their identity to be granted the right to work. However, beyond this short-term work opportunity, more fundamental factors affect asylum-seekers’ evaluations of their destination country and social practice. Asylum-seekers’ perspectives on work, as wel…
Outside the Western bubble: Explaining anti‐immigrant attitudes in 28 post‐communist countries
Most studies on anti‐immigrant attitudes have been conducted within the US or in Western European countries. As a result, the theoretical frameworks utilised to comprehend these attitudes are often based on a limited subset of the global population. Hence, it remains uncertain how these theories apply to regions beyond the Western context. Based on the Life in Transition Survey, we explore whether the theories and factors discussed in Western con…
European Asylum Policies and the Stranded Asylum Seekers in Southeastern Europe
This article focuses on the restrictive European asylum policies and on their humanitarian consequences in Southeastern Europe. We discuss two interrelated topics: (i) the dynamic of the migration of asylum seekers to Europe and (ii) the specific position of Southeastern European countries and the situation of stranded migrants in the region. We identify central elements in the European asylum system and suggest that different parts of the system…
Nexus of armed conflicts and migrations to the Gulf: Migrations to the GCC from war-torn source countries in Asia, Africa and the Arab neighbourhood
Majority of temporary labour migrants in the Gulf originate in countries that are not involved in devastating armed conflicts. Migrations from conflict-ridden countries to the Gulf are not negligible, however, and they have been growing in the last decades. The overview of migrations from the major refugee-producing countries suggests that we may distinguish between different categories of mixed migrations; inter alia, migrants who migrated to th…
Mixed fragmented migrations of Iraqis and challenges to Iraqi refugee integration: The Jordanian experience
This article focuses on Iraqis in Jordan who intend to migrate further. It is maintained that the distinction between forced and voluntary migrations and the formal labels used to categorize migrants do not express the complexity of movements within and from the region. It is argued that movements out of Iraq and into Jordan, and further migrations to the West, are underpinned by more than one reason though triggered by force or violence. Indeed,…
Moving to the Gulf: An empirical analysis of the patterns and drivers of migration to the GCC countries, 1960–2013
The migration system in the Persian (Arabian) Gulf is among the largest such systems in the world. This article identifies the major interacting elements of this system, which primarily includes countries in South Asia and the Middle East, and discusses its generating forces and developments over the past five and a half decades. Departing from panel data from the World Bank and the UN’s population database, which hitherto have been largely under…
Bokanmeldelser
Selective networking as identity project: The social integration of first generation immigrants in Norway
Immigrants' Identity Negotiations and Coping with Stigma in Different Relational Frames
This research describes strategies that immigrants deploy in face-to-face interactions with indigenous locals and links these strategies to their relational frames and networks. By focusing on interconnections between identity management and network management, the author further explores some of the key trends already documented in the contemporary literature on ethnicity. The article also adds new insight to the analysis of stigma and identity …
User involvement and empowerment among asylum seekers in Norwegian reception centres: Brukermedvirkning blant beboere i norske asylmottak
A considerable amount of literature has been published on conditions in reception centres for asylum seekers. The previous studies show that the life of residents in the centres is characterised by uncertainty, passivity, powerlessness and gradual disqualification. Drawing from data collected from asylum seekers and service providers in Norwegian reception centres, this article examines the tools used to counteract these processes. The article ma…
State Assisted Integration: Refugee Integration Policies in Scandinavian Welfare States: the Swedish and Norwegian Experience
Journal Article State Assisted Integration: Refugee Integration Policies in Scandinavian Welfare States: the Swedish and Norwegian Experience Get access Marko Valenta, Marko Valenta Department of Social Work and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO 7491 Trondheim, Norway [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nihad Bunar Nihad Bunar Department of Child a…
Ethnic Intolerance, Voting Preferences, and Political Change in Croatia
This article examines associations between voting preferences and ethnic intolerance in Croatia roughly eight years after the end of the war and four years after the country's abandonment of the strongly nationalistic and intolerant policies that were pursued in the early post-war period. Using data from a survey conducted in 2003/2004, we examine the level of ethnic intolerance among supporters of some of the major political parties. We particul…
Ansatte med innvandrer- og flyktningbakgrunn i norske asylmottak: Institusjonens menneskelige ansikt
Failed Asylum-Seekers' Responses to Arrangements Promoting Return: Experiences from Norway
Return of failed asylum-seekers has figured prominently in asylum debates in most European countries. As a result of the high number of failed asylum-seekers residing in receiving countries, several policies to increase returns have been launched and implemented. Several countries, including Norway, have increased their return and reintegration support, reduced or eliminated social services, and established some form of return centres. Inspired b…
Avviste asylsøkere i Norge: Ventemottaksordningen og andre returmotiverende tiltak
Denne artikkelen fokuserer på avviste asylsøkeres posisjoneringer og oppfatninger av ventemottak og andre returfremmende tiltak. Ifølge norske myndigheter skulle tilbudet i ventemottakene være nøkternt, noe som i kombinasjon med andre tiltak skulle virke returfremmende. Denne artikkelen viser at den lave standarden i ventemottak ikke virket returfremmende, men snarere bidro til at avviste asylsøkere unngikk å benytte seg av tilbudet. For de som b…
State-assisted integration, but not for all: Norwegian welfare services and labour migration from the new EU member states
In the last decade, the labour migrant population, especially from East European countries, has significantly increased in Scandinavia. Among the Scandinavian countries, Norway stands as the largest recipient of labour migrants from new European Union (EU) countries. This article focuses on the reception conditions for labour migrants from new EU member states during the period 2004—2009. The article also explores, contextualizes and relates the …
Asylum-Seekers' Perspectives on Work and Proof of Identity: The Norwegian Experience
This article focuses on asylum-seekers’ perspectives on work including the Norwegian policy tightening concerning asylum-seekers’ right to work. The new policy states that asylum-seekers must prove their identity to be granted the right to work. However, beyond this short-term work opportunity, more fundamental factors affect asylum-seekers’ evaluations of their destination country and social practice. Asylum-seekers’ perspectives on work, as wel…
Religion and Support for Democracy in Bosnia-Herzegovina
This article examines the relationship between religiosity and support for democracy in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Using data from the last World Values Survey, we examine levels of religiosity among Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats, and their support for democracy. The influence of religiosity on support for democracy is also explored. The results indicate that religiosity has a negative influence on support for democracy, and it is particularly true for in…
The Dynamics of Bosnian Refugee Migrations in the 1990s, Current Migration Trends and Future Prospects
More than two million people have had to leave their original homes, and more than one million people have left Bosnia-Herzegovina altogether, as a result of the war in that country. Although large groups of refugees returned to the country in the late 1990s, the majority of refugees have resettled permanently in the receiving countries. In addition, tens of thousands of Bosnians migrated after the Dayton Peace Agreement was signed. Yet refugee m…
Attitudes towards Muslim Immigrants: Evidence from Survey Experiments across Four Countries
There has been much negative focus on Muslims in public debates in the West and it is a matter of great interest to examine whether Muslims are particularly exposed to prejudice and hostility. Since it is known that immigrants tend to be exposed to prejudice, and practically all Muslims living in Western countries are either immigrants or are of immigrant origin, it is useful to analyse whether Muslims are viewed more negatively than immigrants i…
The Reluctant Asylum-Seekers: Migrants at the Southeastern Frontiers of the European Migration System: Figure 1
Several Member States of the European Union in Southeastern Europe have experienced increased pressure on their asylum systems after they joined the Union. The latest member of the European Union, Croatia, has received lower numbers of asylum-seekers than most other countries in Southeastern Europe. This article explores migrants assessments of the benefits of arriving, staying, and leaving the country and indicates the push and pull factors that…
Ethnic groups and a dynamic of boundary making among co-ethnics: An experience from Croatian Istria
In this article, we explore ethnic group boundaries within a context of contemporary Istria. It is maintained that the local population of Istria has a strong regional identity and that boundaries between the members of local Croat majority and the researched minority and immigrant groups are characterised by blurred group boundaries. It is argued that these people are engaged in multiple forms of boundary making which challenge the ethno-nationa…
The dramaturgical nexus of ethno-religious, tourist and transnational frames of pilgrimages in post-conflict societies: The Bosnian and Herzegovinian experience
This article focuses on two Catholic pilgrimages in Bosnia–Herzegovina in order to analyse the similarities and differences between them with regard to forms of religious tourism and variety of interpretations of pilgrimages. Based on ethnographic data gathered in Bosnia–Herzegovina, the discussion focuses on micro-level processes and their structural frames. Regarding the frame analysis, the article provides an analysis of the tourist, transnati…
Moving to the Gulf: An empirical analysis of the patterns and drivers of migration to the GCC countries, 1960–2013
The migration system in the Persian (Arabian) Gulf is among the largest such systems in the world. This article identifies the major interacting elements of this system, which primarily includes countries in South Asia and the Middle East, and discusses its generating forces and developments over the past five and a half decades. Departing from panel data from the World Bank and the UN’s population database, which hitherto have been largely under…
Wearing the veil: Hijab, Islam and job qualifications as determinants of social attitudes towards immigrant women in Norway
Immigrant women are a particularly vulnerable part of the immigrant population. In this paper we analyse negative attitudes towards immigrant women in Norway. We focus on immigrant women's formal job qualifications, their religious background and wearing of hijab - the headscarf sometimes used by Muslim women. Using survey-embedded experiments we are able to analyse the net effects on attitudes of job qualifications, Islamic religious background …
‘They need to … ’: Exploring practitioners’ attitudes in relation to newcomer migrant children’s needs in Norwegian day care
Taking a critical stance on day care as a social site for democratic practice, this article focusses on practitioners’ attitudes regarding including newcomer migrant children in the assessment of their needs and decision-making processes in Norwegian day care. Considering the needs-discourse as a way of conveying both policy-makers’ and practitioners’ conclusions about the requirements of migrant children’s childhoods, we reveal how the individua…
Mixed Migrations to the Gulf: An Empirical Analysis of Migrations from Unstable and Refugee-producing Countries to the GCC, 1960–2015
The wealthy, oil-rich Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are among the largest destinations for temporary labour migrants in the world. However, these states have not signed the 1951 Refugee Convention and an asylum system is virtually non-existent in the GCC. Yet, it is relevant to ask whether certain segments of the migrant stock in the GCC are the result of mixed migrations. Numerous studies indicate that the variety of migrant flows is …
Nexus of armed conflicts and migrations to the Gulf: Migrations to the GCC from war-torn source countries in Asia, Africa and the Arab neighbourhood
Majority of temporary labour migrants in the Gulf originate in countries that are not involved in devastating armed conflicts. Migrations from conflict-ridden countries to the Gulf are not negligible, however, and they have been growing in the last decades. The overview of migrations from the major refugee-producing countries suggests that we may distinguish between different categories of mixed migrations; inter alia, migrants who migrated to th…
Mixed fragmented migrations of Iraqis and challenges to Iraqi refugee integration: The Jordanian experience
This article focuses on Iraqis in Jordan who intend to migrate further. It is maintained that the distinction between forced and voluntary migrations and the formal labels used to categorize migrants do not express the complexity of movements within and from the region. It is argued that movements out of Iraq and into Jordan, and further migrations to the West, are underpinned by more than one reason though triggered by force or violence. Indeed,…
European Asylum Policies and the Stranded Asylum Seekers in Southeastern Europe
This article focuses on the restrictive European asylum policies and on their humanitarian consequences in Southeastern Europe. We discuss two interrelated topics: (i) the dynamic of the migration of asylum seekers to Europe and (ii) the specific position of Southeastern European countries and the situation of stranded migrants in the region. We identify central elements in the European asylum system and suggest that different parts of the system…
The Conditions and Migratory Aspirations of Syrian and Iraqi Refugees in Jordan
This article focuses on the experiences of Iraqi and Syrian refugees in Jordan and their aspirations to migrate onwards. It is based on interviews carried out between October 2015 and January 2016—a time that coincided with unprecedented irregular movement of refugees and migrants to Europe, partly a result of secondary migrations from countries neighbouring Syria such as Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan. Our data includes more than 60 in-depth intervi…
Political science (46 works) · Sociology (35 works) · Migration, Refugees, and Integration (29 works) · Economics (27 works) · Geography (27 works) · Law (24 works) · Demographic economics (23 works) · Migration and Labor Dynamics (23 works) · Law (20 works) · Immigration (19 works)