Theodore R Holford

Biographic Data

ID5123707
NAMETheodore R Holford
GIVEN NAMESTheodore R
FAMILY NAMEHolford
SIGNATUREHOLFORD T R
AFFILIATIONSYale University
ORCID0000-0002-1463-9417
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS16
TOTAL CITATIONS49
AUTHOR COUNT16
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1983
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2024
H-INDEX2

  • US Tobacco 21 Policies and Potential Mortality Reductions by State

    Open AccessJamie Tam, Alyssa Crippen et al.ARTICLEJAMA Health Forum2024

    This study found that early adoption and implementation of T21 policies maximizes potential premature mortality reductions. However, the strength of T21 policies and enforcement varies widely across states. Enforcement of the federal T21 law is critical in the 8 states without state-level T21 cigarette policies of their own

  • Changing patterns of cigarette and ENDS transitions in the USA

    Open AccessAndrew F Brouwer, Jihyoun Jeon et al.ARTICLETobacco Control2024

    The persistence of ENDS use among adults remained high in 2019-2021, but a larger fraction of dual users transitioned to ENDS-only use compared with 2017-2019. Because the fraction of cigarette-only users switching to dual use remained low, especially among older adults, the public health implications of this change are minimal

  • Changing patterns of cigarette and ENDS transitions in the USA

    Open AccessAndrew F Brouwer, Jihyoun Jeon et al.ARTICLETobacco Control2023

    ENDS-only and dual use became more persistent. Middle-aged and older adults who used both products became less likely to transition to cigarette-only use but not more likely to discontinue cigarettes. Youth and young adults became more likely to transition to ENDS-only use

  • Estimated Prevalence of Smoking and Smoking-Attributable Mortality Associated With Graphic Health Warnings on Cigarette Packages in the US From 2022 to 2100

    Open AccessJamie Tam, Jihyoun Jeon et al.ARTICLEJAMA Health Forum2021

    This decision analytical model estimated that FDA cigarette graphic health warnings, if implemented in 2022, would be associated with public health benefits. The model also estimated that more smoking-attributable deaths would have been averted if the policy had been implemented in 2012. Industry litigation and delays to implementing tobacco regulations may have been harmful for public health

  • Transitions between cigarette, ENDS and dual use in adults in the Path study (waves 1–4)

    Andrew F Brouwer, Jihyoun Jeon et al.ARTICLETobacco Control2020

    Multistate transition models are an effective tool for uncovering and characterising longitudinal patterns and determinants of tobacco use from complex survey data. ENDS use among US adults was less persistent than cigarette use prior to 2018

  • Potential deaths averted in USA by replacing cigarettes with e-cigarettes

    Open AccessDavid T Levy, Ron Borland et al.ARTICLETobacco Control2017

    The tobacco control community has been divided regarding the role of e-cigarettes in tobacco control. Our projections show that a strategy of replacing cigarette smoking with vaping would yield substantial life year gains, even under pessimistic assumptions regarding cessation, initiation and relative harm

  • Neighborhood- and individual-level socioeconomic variation in perceptions of racial discrimination

    Amy B Dailey, Stanislav V Kasl et al.ARTICLEEthnicity and Health2010Cited by: 43References: 18

    Individual- and neighborhood-level SEP may be important in understanding how racial discrimination is perceived, reported, processed, and how it may influence health. In order to fully assess the role of racism in future studies, inclusion of additional dimensions of discrimination may be warranted

  • Effect of Climate Change on Lyme Disease Risk in North America

    Open AccessJohn S Brownstein, Theodore R Holford et al.ARTICLEEcoHealth2005

  • A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis

    Open AccessPeter Peduzzi, John Concato et al.ARTICLEJournal of Clinical Epidemiology1996

    We performed a Monte Carlo study to evaluate the effect of the number of events per variable (EPV) analyzed in logistic regression analysis. The simulations were based on data from a cardiac trial of 673 patients in which 252 deaths occurred and seven variables were cogent predictors of mortality; the number of events per predictive variable was (252/7 =) 36 for the full sample. For the simulations, at values of EPV = 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25, we…

  • Importance of events per independent variable in proportional hazards regression analysis II. Accuracy and precision of regression estimates

    Open AccessPeter Peduzzi, John Concato et al.ARTICLEJournal of Clinical Epidemiology1995

    The analytical effect of the number of events per variable (EPV) in a proportional hazards regression analysis was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation techniques for data from a randomized trial containing 673 patients and 252 deaths, in which seven predictor variables had an original significance level of p < 0.10. The 252 deaths and 7 variables correspond to 36 events per variable analyzed in the full data set. Five hundred simulated analyse…

  • A Matthew Effect for IQ but Not for Reading

    Bennett A Shaywitz, Theodore R Holford et al.ARTICLEReading Research Quarterly1995Cited by: 6

    Bennett A. Shaywitz, Theodore R. Holford, John M. Holahan, Jack M. Fletcher, Karla K. Stuebing, David J. Francis, Sally E. Shaywitz, A Matthew Effect for IQ but Not for Reading: Results from a Longitudinal Study, Reading Research Quarterly, Vol. 30, No. 4 (Oct. - Nov. - Dec., 1995), pp. 894-906

  • Understanding the Effects of Age, Period, and Cohort on Incidence and Mortality Rates

    Theodore R HolfordARTICLEAnnual Review of Public Health1991

    Time trends for population-based disease rates often are summarized by using direct adjustment by period of diagnosis or death. Similarly, the effect of age often is presented graphically as age-specific rates for a given period of diagnosis. These approaches may be necessary if there is an absence of long-term data, as they provide a natural way for annually updating information when monitoring trends, or they may be a convenient way of summariz…

  • Menarcheal age and habitual miscarriage

    Open AccessMichael B Bracken, Carol Bryce-Buchanan et al.ARTICLEAnnals of Human Biology1985

    Among women who habitually miscarried (two or more miscarriages) we observed a modest association for increased risk of miscarriage of first pregnancies in those with younger (especially less than or equal to 11 years) and older (greater than or equal to 16 years) menarcheal age (quadratic G2 = 3.49, P = 0.062). No associations of menarcheal age with first pregnancy miscarriage were observed when analysed by age at first pregnancy, or with pregna…

  • Risk for cutaneous melanoma in recent Connecticut birth cohorts

    George C Roush, Maria J Schymura et al.ARTICLEAmerican Journal of Public Health1985References: 9

    Mortality trends suggest that increases in Connecticut incidence for cutaneous melanoma (CM) equal or under estimate increases for the entire country. One-sixth of CM in Connecticut occurs under age 35. In the 1955 birth cohort, modeled incidence rates per 100,000 age-adjusted to the 1960 US population are 38.2 in males and 28.9 in females. These estimated rates for CM rival those for colon cancer (now the third most common malignancy in the Unit…

  • Cardiovascular Disease and Vasectomy

    M J Goldacre, Theodore R Holford et al.ARTICLEStudies in Family Planning1984

    We performed two epidemiologic studies using routine abstracts of medical records to test the hypothesis that vasectomy may predispose men to cardiovascular disease. In a case-control study 1512 men who were under 55 years of age and had a history of myocardial infarction, stroke, or hypertension were matched with 3024 controls with other conditions; 2.4 per cent of the cases and 2.7 per cent of the controls were identified as having undergone va…

  • The Estimation of Age, Period and Cohort Effects for Vital Rates

    Theodore R HolfordARTICLEBiometrics1983

    In models for vital rates which include effects due to age, period and cohort, there is aliasing due to a linear dependence among these three factors. This dependence arises both when age and period intervals are equal and when they are not. One solution to the dependence is to set an arbitrary constraint on the parameters. Estimable functions of the parameters are invariant to the particular constraint applied. For evenly spaced intervals, devia…