Sarah J Beal
Biographic Data
| ID | 5190128 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sarah J Beal |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sarah J |
| FAMILY NAME | Beal |
| SIGNATURE | BEAL S J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7223-0070 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 179 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2010 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The Value of Brief Intervention to Prevent and Decrease Nicotine, Tobacco, and Cannabis Use among Adolescents
Onset of nicotine and tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use is most likely to occur during adolescence. Effective, evidence-based interventions to prevent or reduce substance use for adolescents are not widely available. This paper reviews the existing literature on the delivery of the Brief Negotiated Interview (BNI) during routine medical visits to reduce substance use, with evidence of effectiveness for adolescents in general and for those at inc…
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Physical Health Outcomes of Children in Foster Care: A Systematic Review
Children of color—especially Black and Indigenous children—are disproportionately overrepresented in foster care and experience barriers in accessing services and receiving physical and behavioral healthcare compared to their White counterparts. Although racial disparities in mental health outcomes of children in foster care have been examined systematically, less is known about racial disparities in their physical health outcomes. This systemati…
Understanding the impact of Covid-19 on stress and Access to Services for Licensed and Kinship Caregivers and Youth in Foster Care
Child welfare experiences with automated medical data sharing for children in protective custody
Enrollment and outcomes of home visiting for mothers with and without a history of out‐of‐home care
Women previously in out‐of‐home care (i.e., foster care) experience poorer health and psychosocial outcomes compared to peers, including higher pregnancy rates and child protective services involvement. Home visiting programs could mitigate risks. Studies examining home visiting enrollment for women with a history of out‐of‐home care are needed. Women previously in out‐of‐home care based on child welfare administrative data between 2012 and 2017 …
Socioeconomic characteristics of neighborhoods where youth in out-of-home care reside
In the U.S., little is known about the neighborhoods where youth in out-of-home care live prior to emancipation. This study describes the socioeconomic characteristics of such neighborhoods. Addresses for 229 youth aged 16-20 years and residing in out-of-home care in a single Midwest county were used. Addresses were geocoded and linked to U.S. Census' data at the census tract level. Neighborhoods, or tracts, with youth in out-of-home care were si…
Strategies for Assessing and Modeling Depressive Symptoms in Longitudinal Studies of Adolescents
Studying age-related change in psychosocial behavior is difficult because manifestation differs with development. While the use of age-appropriate measurement instruments addresses developmental differences, changes in measurement also challenge researchers' ability to study developmental trajectories. Leveraging 8-occasion data from 262 girls (baseline ages 11 and 17 years) participating in a cross-sequential study spanning childhood to adulthoo…
Is Sexual Abuse a Unique Predictor of Sexual Risk Behaviors, Pregnancy, and Motherhood in Adolescence
This study tested sexual abuse as a unique predictor of subsequent adolescent sexual behaviors, pregnancy, and motherhood when in company with other types of maltreatment (physical abuse, neglect) and alternative behavioral, family, and contextual risk factors in a prospective, longitudinal study of maltreated ( n = 275) and comparison ( n = 239) nulliparous females aged 14–19 years old assessed annually through 19 years old. Hierarchical regress…
Child adult relationship enhancement (Care): A brief, skills-building training for foster caregivers to increase positive parenting practices
Father Involvement in Dependency Review Hearings
Understanding the impact of fathers in child maltreatment cases has been a neglected area of research. This study evaluated differences in child welfare hearings and children's perceptions of their situation where fathers were and were not present. Father attendance at hearings appeared to positively impact information-gathering. When fathers attended hearings, they lasted longer and covered case topics more thoroughly. Children reported more neg…
Advanced Issues in Propensity Scores: Longitudinal and Missing Data
In order to investigate causality in situations where random assignment is not possible, propensity scores can be used in regression adjustment, stratification, inverse-probability treatment weighting, or matching. The basic concepts behind propensity scores have been extensively described. When data are longitudinal or missing, the estimation and use of propensity scores become a challenge. Traditional methods of propensity score estimation dele…
Adolescents’ changing future expectations predict the timing of adult role transitions
Individual differences in the transition to adulthood are well established. This study examines the extent to which heterogeneity in pathways to adulthood that have been observed in the broader U.S. population are mirrored in adolescents’ expectations regarding when they will experience key adult role transitions (e.g., marriage). Patterns of change in adolescents’ expectations and the relations between their expectations and subsequent role tran…
Characterizing the Longitudinal Relations Between Depressive and Menstrual Symptoms in Adolescent Girls
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between depressive and menstrual symptoms in adolescent girls in a 3-year longitudinal study. It was hypothesized that menstrual symptoms would increase in early adolescence and decrease in later adolescence, that girls with greater depressive symptoms would report greater menstrual symptoms, and that effects would persist after adjusting for general somatic complaints. METHODS: A community sample of…
Judicial case management in predicting length of stay in foster care
An Introduction to Propensity Scores: What, When, and How
The use of propensity scores as a method to promote causality in studies that cannot use random assignment has increased dramatically since its original publication in 1983. While the utility of these approaches is important, the concepts underlying their use are complex. The purpose of this article is to provide a basic tutorial for conducting analyses using propensity scores and what researchers should be aware of in reading papers that choose …
Motivation in the age of genomics: Why genetic findings of disease susceptibility might not motivate behavior change
There is a growing consensus that results generated through multiplex genetic tests, even those produced as a part of research, should be reported to providers and patients when they are considered “actionable,” that is, when they could be used to inform some potentially beneficial clinical action. However, there remains controversy over the precise criterion that should be used in identifying when a result meets this standard. In this paper, we …
The Role of Emotional Reactivity, Self‐regulation, and Puberty in Adolescents' Prosocial Behaviors
This study was designed to examine the roles of emotional reactivity, self-regulation, and pubertal timing in prosocial behaviors during adolescence. Participants were 850 sixth graders (50% female, Mean age = 11.03, SD = .17) who were followed up at age 15. In hierarchical regression models, measures of emotional reactivity, self-regulation, pubertal timing and their interactions were used to predict (concurrently and over time) adolescents' pro…
The life course in the making: Gender and the development of adolescents' expected timing of adult role transitions
Adolescents' expectations about the timing of adult role transitions have the potential to shape their actual transitions, setting the stage for their adult lives. Although expectations about timing emerge by early adolescence, little is known about how these expectations develop across adolescence. This longitudinal study examined developmental trajectories of adolescents' anticipated ages of school completion, job entry, marriage, and parenthoo…
The Longitudinal Relationships Between Rural Adolescents’ Prosocial Behaviors and Young Adult Substance Use
Adolescents’ occupational and educational aspirations and expectations: Links to high school activities and adult educational attainment
This longitudinal study explored adolescents' future-oriented cognitions, current activities, and later educational attainment using data from 317 adolescents (55% female; mean age = 14.98 years, SD = 0.85) followed into early adulthood. Aspirations and expectations regarding work and education showed modest stability from year to year. Exploration of the reciprocal relations between these cognitions and adolescents' activities supported both uni…
Adolescents’ occupational and educational aspirations and expectations: Links to high school activities and adult educational attainment
This longitudinal study explored adolescents' future-oriented cognitions, current activities, and later educational attainment using data from 317 adolescents (55% female; mean age = 14.98 years, SD = 0.85) followed into early adulthood. Aspirations and expectations regarding work and education showed modest stability from year to year. Exploration of the reciprocal relations between these cognitions and adolescents' activities supported both uni…
The life course in the making: Gender and the development of adolescents' expected timing of adult role transitions
Adolescents' expectations about the timing of adult role transitions have the potential to shape their actual transitions, setting the stage for their adult lives. Although expectations about timing emerge by early adolescence, little is known about how these expectations develop across adolescence. This longitudinal study examined developmental trajectories of adolescents' anticipated ages of school completion, job entry, marriage, and parenthoo…
The Role of Emotional Reactivity, Self‐regulation, and Puberty in Adolescents' Prosocial Behaviors
This study was designed to examine the roles of emotional reactivity, self-regulation, and pubertal timing in prosocial behaviors during adolescence. Participants were 850 sixth graders (50% female, Mean age = 11.03, SD = .17) who were followed up at age 15. In hierarchical regression models, measures of emotional reactivity, self-regulation, pubertal timing and their interactions were used to predict (concurrently and over time) adolescents' pro…
Adolescents’ changing future expectations predict the timing of adult role transitions
Individual differences in the transition to adulthood are well established. This study examines the extent to which heterogeneity in pathways to adulthood that have been observed in the broader U.S. population are mirrored in adolescents’ expectations regarding when they will experience key adult role transitions (e.g., marriage). Patterns of change in adolescents’ expectations and the relations between their expectations and subsequent role tran…
The Longitudinal Relationships Between Rural Adolescents’ Prosocial Behaviors and Young Adult Substance Use
Is Sexual Abuse a Unique Predictor of Sexual Risk Behaviors, Pregnancy, and Motherhood in Adolescence
This study tested sexual abuse as a unique predictor of subsequent adolescent sexual behaviors, pregnancy, and motherhood when in company with other types of maltreatment (physical abuse, neglect) and alternative behavioral, family, and contextual risk factors in a prospective, longitudinal study of maltreated ( n = 275) and comparison ( n = 239) nulliparous females aged 14–19 years old assessed annually through 19 years old. Hierarchical regress…
Father Involvement in Dependency Review Hearings
Understanding the impact of fathers in child maltreatment cases has been a neglected area of research. This study evaluated differences in child welfare hearings and children's perceptions of their situation where fathers were and were not present. Father attendance at hearings appeared to positively impact information-gathering. When fathers attended hearings, they lasted longer and covered case topics more thoroughly. Children reported more neg…
Advanced Issues in Propensity Scores: Longitudinal and Missing Data
In order to investigate causality in situations where random assignment is not possible, propensity scores can be used in regression adjustment, stratification, inverse-probability treatment weighting, or matching. The basic concepts behind propensity scores have been extensively described. When data are longitudinal or missing, the estimation and use of propensity scores become a challenge. Traditional methods of propensity score estimation dele…
An Introduction to Propensity Scores: What, When, and How
The use of propensity scores as a method to promote causality in studies that cannot use random assignment has increased dramatically since its original publication in 1983. While the utility of these approaches is important, the concepts underlying their use are complex. The purpose of this article is to provide a basic tutorial for conducting analyses using propensity scores and what researchers should be aware of in reading papers that choose …
Socioeconomic characteristics of neighborhoods where youth in out-of-home care reside
In the U.S., little is known about the neighborhoods where youth in out-of-home care live prior to emancipation. This study describes the socioeconomic characteristics of such neighborhoods. Addresses for 229 youth aged 16-20 years and residing in out-of-home care in a single Midwest county were used. Addresses were geocoded and linked to U.S. Census' data at the census tract level. Neighborhoods, or tracts, with youth in out-of-home care were si…
Judicial case management in predicting length of stay in foster care
Adolescents’ occupational and educational aspirations and expectations: Links to high school activities and adult educational attainment
This longitudinal study explored adolescents' future-oriented cognitions, current activities, and later educational attainment using data from 317 adolescents (55% female; mean age = 14.98 years, SD = 0.85) followed into early adulthood. Aspirations and expectations regarding work and education showed modest stability from year to year. Exploration of the reciprocal relations between these cognitions and adolescents' activities supported both uni…
The Longitudinal Relationships Between Rural Adolescents’ Prosocial Behaviors and Young Adult Substance Use
The Role of Emotional Reactivity, Self‐regulation, and Puberty in Adolescents' Prosocial Behaviors
This study was designed to examine the roles of emotional reactivity, self-regulation, and pubertal timing in prosocial behaviors during adolescence. Participants were 850 sixth graders (50% female, Mean age = 11.03, SD = .17) who were followed up at age 15. In hierarchical regression models, measures of emotional reactivity, self-regulation, pubertal timing and their interactions were used to predict (concurrently and over time) adolescents' pro…
The life course in the making: Gender and the development of adolescents' expected timing of adult role transitions
Adolescents' expectations about the timing of adult role transitions have the potential to shape their actual transitions, setting the stage for their adult lives. Although expectations about timing emerge by early adolescence, little is known about how these expectations develop across adolescence. This longitudinal study examined developmental trajectories of adolescents' anticipated ages of school completion, job entry, marriage, and parenthoo…
An Introduction to Propensity Scores: What, When, and How
The use of propensity scores as a method to promote causality in studies that cannot use random assignment has increased dramatically since its original publication in 1983. While the utility of these approaches is important, the concepts underlying their use are complex. The purpose of this article is to provide a basic tutorial for conducting analyses using propensity scores and what researchers should be aware of in reading papers that choose …
Motivation in the age of genomics: Why genetic findings of disease susceptibility might not motivate behavior change
There is a growing consensus that results generated through multiplex genetic tests, even those produced as a part of research, should be reported to providers and patients when they are considered “actionable,” that is, when they could be used to inform some potentially beneficial clinical action. However, there remains controversy over the precise criterion that should be used in identifying when a result meets this standard. In this paper, we …
Characterizing the Longitudinal Relations Between Depressive and Menstrual Symptoms in Adolescent Girls
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between depressive and menstrual symptoms in adolescent girls in a 3-year longitudinal study. It was hypothesized that menstrual symptoms would increase in early adolescence and decrease in later adolescence, that girls with greater depressive symptoms would report greater menstrual symptoms, and that effects would persist after adjusting for general somatic complaints. METHODS: A community sample of…
Judicial case management in predicting length of stay in foster care
Father Involvement in Dependency Review Hearings
Understanding the impact of fathers in child maltreatment cases has been a neglected area of research. This study evaluated differences in child welfare hearings and children's perceptions of their situation where fathers were and were not present. Father attendance at hearings appeared to positively impact information-gathering. When fathers attended hearings, they lasted longer and covered case topics more thoroughly. Children reported more neg…
Advanced Issues in Propensity Scores: Longitudinal and Missing Data
In order to investigate causality in situations where random assignment is not possible, propensity scores can be used in regression adjustment, stratification, inverse-probability treatment weighting, or matching. The basic concepts behind propensity scores have been extensively described. When data are longitudinal or missing, the estimation and use of propensity scores become a challenge. Traditional methods of propensity score estimation dele…
Adolescents’ changing future expectations predict the timing of adult role transitions
Individual differences in the transition to adulthood are well established. This study examines the extent to which heterogeneity in pathways to adulthood that have been observed in the broader U.S. population are mirrored in adolescents’ expectations regarding when they will experience key adult role transitions (e.g., marriage). Patterns of change in adolescents’ expectations and the relations between their expectations and subsequent role tran…
Is Sexual Abuse a Unique Predictor of Sexual Risk Behaviors, Pregnancy, and Motherhood in Adolescence
This study tested sexual abuse as a unique predictor of subsequent adolescent sexual behaviors, pregnancy, and motherhood when in company with other types of maltreatment (physical abuse, neglect) and alternative behavioral, family, and contextual risk factors in a prospective, longitudinal study of maltreated ( n = 275) and comparison ( n = 239) nulliparous females aged 14–19 years old assessed annually through 19 years old. Hierarchical regress…
Child adult relationship enhancement (Care): A brief, skills-building training for foster caregivers to increase positive parenting practices
Socioeconomic characteristics of neighborhoods where youth in out-of-home care reside
In the U.S., little is known about the neighborhoods where youth in out-of-home care live prior to emancipation. This study describes the socioeconomic characteristics of such neighborhoods. Addresses for 229 youth aged 16-20 years and residing in out-of-home care in a single Midwest county were used. Addresses were geocoded and linked to U.S. Census' data at the census tract level. Neighborhoods, or tracts, with youth in out-of-home care were si…
Strategies for Assessing and Modeling Depressive Symptoms in Longitudinal Studies of Adolescents
Studying age-related change in psychosocial behavior is difficult because manifestation differs with development. While the use of age-appropriate measurement instruments addresses developmental differences, changes in measurement also challenge researchers' ability to study developmental trajectories. Leveraging 8-occasion data from 262 girls (baseline ages 11 and 17 years) participating in a cross-sequential study spanning childhood to adulthoo…
Understanding the impact of Covid-19 on stress and Access to Services for Licensed and Kinship Caregivers and Youth in Foster Care
Child welfare experiences with automated medical data sharing for children in protective custody
Enrollment and outcomes of home visiting for mothers with and without a history of out‐of‐home care
Women previously in out‐of‐home care (i.e., foster care) experience poorer health and psychosocial outcomes compared to peers, including higher pregnancy rates and child protective services involvement. Home visiting programs could mitigate risks. Studies examining home visiting enrollment for women with a history of out‐of‐home care are needed. Women previously in out‐of‐home care based on child welfare administrative data between 2012 and 2017 …
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Physical Health Outcomes of Children in Foster Care: A Systematic Review
Children of color—especially Black and Indigenous children—are disproportionately overrepresented in foster care and experience barriers in accessing services and receiving physical and behavioral healthcare compared to their White counterparts. Although racial disparities in mental health outcomes of children in foster care have been examined systematically, less is known about racial disparities in their physical health outcomes. This systemati…
The Value of Brief Intervention to Prevent and Decrease Nicotine, Tobacco, and Cannabis Use among Adolescents
Onset of nicotine and tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use is most likely to occur during adolescence. Effective, evidence-based interventions to prevent or reduce substance use for adolescents are not widely available. This paper reviews the existing literature on the delivery of the Brief Negotiated Interview (BNI) during routine medical visits to reduce substance use, with evidence of effectiveness for adolescents in general and for those at inc…
Psychology (15 works) · Medicine (12 works) · Developmental psychology (8 works) · Longitudinal study (7 works) · Child Abuse and Trauma (6 works) · Child Welfare and Adoption (6 works) · Clinical Psychology (5 works) · Political science (5 works) · Psychiatry (5 works) · Clinical Psychology (4 works)