Carolyn Johnson
Biographic Data
| ID | 5373518 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Carolyn Johnson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Carolyn |
| FAMILY NAME | Johnson |
| SIGNATURE | JOHNSON C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Tulane University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3903-8458 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 10 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 17 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Patterns and correlates of substance use among young adult African American women
Patterns and correlates of substance use among urban African American young women (ages 18-19, n = 459) were examined. Four patterns were identified: no/infrequent alcohol and marijuana use (64.9%); recent alcohol only use (18.2%); recent marijuana only use (7.9%); and recent alcohol and marijuana use (9.0%). Having a recent male sexual partner and a history of sexual coercion were associated with increased odds of marijuana-only and dual use. Gr…
The Relationships between Park Quality, Park Usage, and Levels of Physical Activity in Low-Income, African American Neighborhoods
Parks can be an important, low-cost neighborhood resource to increase physical activity and reduce overweight and obesity. The quality of parks, however, may impact use. This study used observational data to examine the relationships between park quality, park usage and levels of physical activity among users in 31 parks within low-income, African American neighborhoods. Relationships between park use and park characteristics (signs of disorder, …
Evaluation of Training Program for the Maternal and Child Health Workforce at Tulane University
Lunch Salad Bars in New Orleans’ Middle and High Schools: Student Intake of Fruit and Vegetables
The school lunch salad bar (SB) is a recommended food environmental strategy to increase access to, and consumption of fruit and vegetables (F/V). In a study to examine use of school lunch SBs, middle and high school students provided data via the Automated Self-Administered 24-h dietary recall (24HDR) tool for kids (ASA24-Kids-2012), a web-based data collection platform. Kilocalories were computed, food groups were assigned and F/V sources were …
Pregnant Women’s Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Receipt of Screening and Brief Advice by Prenatal Care Providers in Argentina and Uruguay
Tobacco advertising/promotions and adolescents’ smoking risk in Northern Africa
Tobacco advertising/promotion exposure was highly prevalent and associated with adolescents' smoking risk in these countries. The comprehensiveness and enforcement of advertising/promotion bans needs to be enhanced
Ethnic Group and Temporal Influences of Social Norms: Smoking Behavior Among a Panel of Adolescents
This study tests the influence of ethnic group and temporal influences of descriptive and injunctive norms on adolescent smoking behavior. A panel of high school students (N = 1,607) completed a self-administered survey in the 9th grade and again in the 12th grade. Fixed effects hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the influence of descriptive and injunctive norms was greater at the 12th grade than at the 9th grade. While salient descr…
A School-Based Environmental Intervention to Reduce Smoking among High School Students: The Acadiana Coalition of Teens against Tobacco (ACTT)
A school-based environmental program to reduce adolescent smoking was conducted in 20 schools (10 intervention; 10 control) in south central Louisiana. The 9th grade cohort (n = 4,763; mean age = 15.4 yrs; 51% female; 61% Caucasian; 30-day smoking prevalence at baseline = 25%) was followed over four years for 30-day smoking prevalence with the school as the unit of analysis. Although prevalence decreased in intervention schools and increased in c…
Safe Play Spaces To Promote Physical Activity in Inner-City Children: Results from a Pilot Study of an Environmental Intervention
Objectives. We evaluated the effect of providing a safe play space on the physical activity level of inner-city schoolchildren. Methods. In 1 of 2 matched neighborhoods, we opened a schoolyard and provided attendants to ensure children’s safety. Over the next 2 years we directly observed the number of children and their physical activity levels in the school-yard, as well as in the surrounding intervention and comparison neighborhoods. We also su…
The Role of Peer Social Network Factors and Physical Activity in Adolescent Girls
Frequency of PA with friends was an important correlate of PA among the peer network variables for adolescent girls
Moderate Alcohol and Tobacco Use During Pregnancy and Child Behavior Outcomes
Social support and self‐efficacy for the consumption of fruit and vegetables by adolescents: “Gimme 5"—A fresh nutrition concept for students
Two psychosocial variables associated with initiation and maintenance of healthy diets are social support and self‐efficacy. Questionnaires for assessing social support and self‐efficacy for fruit/vegetable consumption were designed for Gimme 5, a controlled 5‐A‐Day study with a high school cohort. Both questionnaires had good internal consistency and factor solutions consistent with theoretical intent. Females had significantly higher family sup…
Cigarette smoking attitudes and first use among third- through sixth-grade students: The Bogalusa Heart Study
OBJECTIVES: This study examined cigarette smoking attitudes, peer and parental influence, and first use among children in southeastern Louisiana. METHODS: Data from 933 children in grades 3 through 6 in the Bogalusa Heart Study (1993 through 1994) were analyzed. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of the children had tried smoking. Of these, 40% first smoked with a family member, and 46% obtained their first cigarette from a family member or from home. Corr…
Alcohol consumption among adolescents and young adults: The Bogalusa Heart Study, 1981 to 1991
This report describes the alcohol consumption of adolescents and young adults who participated in the Bogalusa Heart Study, 1981 to 1991. Data were collected in three cross-sectional surveys of school-age children (11 to 19 years) and three surveys of young adults (18 to 32 years). White males had the highest proportion of drinkers and Black females had the lowest. By the end of the decade, adult White and Black male drinkers were about equal. Mo…
Escherichia coli bacteriuria and Contraceptive Method
We evaluated the effects of contraceptive method on the occurrence of bacteriuria and vaginal colonization with Escherichia coli in 104 women who were evaluated prior to having sexual intercourse, the morning after intercourse, and 24 hours later. After intercourse, the prevalence of E coli bacteriuria increased slightly in oral contraceptive users but dramatically in both foam and condom users and diaphragm-spermicide users. Twenty-four hours la…
A comprehensive model for maintenance of family health behaviors: The “Heart Smart” Family Health Promotion Program
Johnson, Carolyn C. MS1; Nicklas, Theresa A. DrPH2; Arbeit, Marian L. MS, RD3; Franklin, Frank A. MD4; Berenson, Gerald S. MD5 Author Information
Adolescent Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature
In the late 1960's and early 1970's illegitimacy among adolescents became recognized as a serious national, medical and social problem (Osofsky, 1968). It was discovered that the incidence of adolescent out-of-wedlock pregnancies was increasing rapidly. The illegitimacy rate of unmarried girls aged 15-19 years of age was 8 per 1,000 in 1940; 16 per 1,000 in 1960; and 24 per 1,000 in 1971. There was concern that this increase represented a trend t…
Safe Play Spaces To Promote Physical Activity in Inner-City Children: Results from a Pilot Study of an Environmental Intervention
Objectives. We evaluated the effect of providing a safe play space on the physical activity level of inner-city schoolchildren. Methods. In 1 of 2 matched neighborhoods, we opened a schoolyard and provided attendants to ensure children’s safety. Over the next 2 years we directly observed the number of children and their physical activity levels in the school-yard, as well as in the surrounding intervention and comparison neighborhoods. We also su…
Cigarette smoking attitudes and first use among third- through sixth-grade students: The Bogalusa Heart Study
OBJECTIVES: This study examined cigarette smoking attitudes, peer and parental influence, and first use among children in southeastern Louisiana. METHODS: Data from 933 children in grades 3 through 6 in the Bogalusa Heart Study (1993 through 1994) were analyzed. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of the children had tried smoking. Of these, 40% first smoked with a family member, and 46% obtained their first cigarette from a family member or from home. Corr…
Adolescent Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature
In the late 1960's and early 1970's illegitimacy among adolescents became recognized as a serious national, medical and social problem (Osofsky, 1968). It was discovered that the incidence of adolescent out-of-wedlock pregnancies was increasing rapidly. The illegitimacy rate of unmarried girls aged 15-19 years of age was 8 per 1,000 in 1940; 16 per 1,000 in 1960; and 24 per 1,000 in 1971. There was concern that this increase represented a trend t…
A comprehensive model for maintenance of family health behaviors: The “Heart Smart” Family Health Promotion Program
Johnson, Carolyn C. MS1; Nicklas, Theresa A. DrPH2; Arbeit, Marian L. MS, RD3; Franklin, Frank A. MD4; Berenson, Gerald S. MD5 Author Information
Escherichia coli bacteriuria and Contraceptive Method
We evaluated the effects of contraceptive method on the occurrence of bacteriuria and vaginal colonization with Escherichia coli in 104 women who were evaluated prior to having sexual intercourse, the morning after intercourse, and 24 hours later. After intercourse, the prevalence of E coli bacteriuria increased slightly in oral contraceptive users but dramatically in both foam and condom users and diaphragm-spermicide users. Twenty-four hours la…
Alcohol consumption among adolescents and young adults: The Bogalusa Heart Study, 1981 to 1991
This report describes the alcohol consumption of adolescents and young adults who participated in the Bogalusa Heart Study, 1981 to 1991. Data were collected in three cross-sectional surveys of school-age children (11 to 19 years) and three surveys of young adults (18 to 32 years). White males had the highest proportion of drinkers and Black females had the lowest. By the end of the decade, adult White and Black male drinkers were about equal. Mo…
Cigarette smoking attitudes and first use among third- through sixth-grade students: The Bogalusa Heart Study
OBJECTIVES: This study examined cigarette smoking attitudes, peer and parental influence, and first use among children in southeastern Louisiana. METHODS: Data from 933 children in grades 3 through 6 in the Bogalusa Heart Study (1993 through 1994) were analyzed. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of the children had tried smoking. Of these, 40% first smoked with a family member, and 46% obtained their first cigarette from a family member or from home. Corr…
Social support and self‐efficacy for the consumption of fruit and vegetables by adolescents: “Gimme 5"—A fresh nutrition concept for students
Two psychosocial variables associated with initiation and maintenance of healthy diets are social support and self‐efficacy. Questionnaires for assessing social support and self‐efficacy for fruit/vegetable consumption were designed for Gimme 5, a controlled 5‐A‐Day study with a high school cohort. Both questionnaires had good internal consistency and factor solutions consistent with theoretical intent. Females had significantly higher family sup…
Moderate Alcohol and Tobacco Use During Pregnancy and Child Behavior Outcomes
The Role of Peer Social Network Factors and Physical Activity in Adolescent Girls
Frequency of PA with friends was an important correlate of PA among the peer network variables for adolescent girls
Safe Play Spaces To Promote Physical Activity in Inner-City Children: Results from a Pilot Study of an Environmental Intervention
Objectives. We evaluated the effect of providing a safe play space on the physical activity level of inner-city schoolchildren. Methods. In 1 of 2 matched neighborhoods, we opened a schoolyard and provided attendants to ensure children’s safety. Over the next 2 years we directly observed the number of children and their physical activity levels in the school-yard, as well as in the surrounding intervention and comparison neighborhoods. We also su…
A School-Based Environmental Intervention to Reduce Smoking among High School Students: The Acadiana Coalition of Teens against Tobacco (ACTT)
A school-based environmental program to reduce adolescent smoking was conducted in 20 schools (10 intervention; 10 control) in south central Louisiana. The 9th grade cohort (n = 4,763; mean age = 15.4 yrs; 51% female; 61% Caucasian; 30-day smoking prevalence at baseline = 25%) was followed over four years for 30-day smoking prevalence with the school as the unit of analysis. Although prevalence decreased in intervention schools and increased in c…
Ethnic Group and Temporal Influences of Social Norms: Smoking Behavior Among a Panel of Adolescents
This study tests the influence of ethnic group and temporal influences of descriptive and injunctive norms on adolescent smoking behavior. A panel of high school students (N = 1,607) completed a self-administered survey in the 9th grade and again in the 12th grade. Fixed effects hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the influence of descriptive and injunctive norms was greater at the 12th grade than at the 9th grade. While salient descr…
Tobacco advertising/promotions and adolescents’ smoking risk in Northern Africa
Tobacco advertising/promotion exposure was highly prevalent and associated with adolescents' smoking risk in these countries. The comprehensiveness and enforcement of advertising/promotion bans needs to be enhanced
Pregnant Women’s Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Receipt of Screening and Brief Advice by Prenatal Care Providers in Argentina and Uruguay
Lunch Salad Bars in New Orleans’ Middle and High Schools: Student Intake of Fruit and Vegetables
The school lunch salad bar (SB) is a recommended food environmental strategy to increase access to, and consumption of fruit and vegetables (F/V). In a study to examine use of school lunch SBs, middle and high school students provided data via the Automated Self-Administered 24-h dietary recall (24HDR) tool for kids (ASA24-Kids-2012), a web-based data collection platform. Kilocalories were computed, food groups were assigned and F/V sources were …
The Relationships between Park Quality, Park Usage, and Levels of Physical Activity in Low-Income, African American Neighborhoods
Parks can be an important, low-cost neighborhood resource to increase physical activity and reduce overweight and obesity. The quality of parks, however, may impact use. This study used observational data to examine the relationships between park quality, park usage and levels of physical activity among users in 31 parks within low-income, African American neighborhoods. Relationships between park use and park characteristics (signs of disorder, …
Evaluation of Training Program for the Maternal and Child Health Workforce at Tulane University
Patterns and correlates of substance use among young adult African American women
Patterns and correlates of substance use among urban African American young women (ages 18-19, n = 459) were examined. Four patterns were identified: no/infrequent alcohol and marijuana use (64.9%); recent alcohol only use (18.2%); recent marijuana only use (7.9%); and recent alcohol and marijuana use (9.0%). Having a recent male sexual partner and a history of sexual coercion were associated with increased odds of marijuana-only and dual use. Gr…
Medicine (17 works) · Environmental health (12 works) · Psychology (10 works) · Demography (7 works) · Gerontology (7 works) · Public health (6 works) · Smoking Behavior and Cessation (6 works) · Nursing (5 works) · Population (5 works) · Developmental psychology (4 works)