William F Vitulli
Biographic Data
| ID | 5378960 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William F Vitulli |
| GIVEN NAMES | William F |
| FAMILY NAME | Vitulli |
| SIGNATURE | VITULLI W F |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of South Alabama |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 37 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 37 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1967 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2006 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Attitudes toward Empathy in Domestic Dogs and Cats
This exploratory study included 524 undergraduate students (360 women, M age = 21.1 yr., SD = 6.1; and 164 men, M age = 20.0 yr., SD = 3.6) enrolled in introductory psychology sections who completed the Empathy in Pet Dogs and Cats Scale to assess their attitudes regarding how much domestic dogs and cats show vicarious experiencing of the thoughts, feelings, or attitudes of their owners. A principal components analysis followed by varimax rotatio…
Attitudes Toward Empathy in Domestic Dogs and Cats
Humor and Gender Roles
Crawford's analysis in 2003 suggests that humor interacts with gender so that traditional social norms of femininity and masculinity may be reinforced or diminished. Yet age as a covariate was not considered. Assessment of the attitudes toward humor among 72 older women ( M = 72.0, SD = 9.8, range = 51–93 years) and 24 older men ( M = 69.8, SD = 6.8, range = 59–90 years) in 1996 by Vitulli and Parman suggest ratings on a Likert-type scale (anchor…
Humor and Gender Roles
Rejoinder to Lrwin's (2000) 'Age and Sex Differences in Paranormal Beliefs
Beliefs in the Paranormal
Beliefs in the paranormal were rated stronger in younger as compared to elderly adults by Emmons and Sobal in 1981, and sex correlates of paranormal beliefs appeared to be stronger in women than in men by Irwin in 1994. This research studied possible linkages between age and sex with a comparative analysis between results of Vitulli and Luper's 1998 survey among undergraduate students and data from elderly men (M = 72 yr., SD = 9.2, n = 21) and w…
Beliefs in the Paranormal
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Narcissism and Causal Attribution
This study examined the relationship between scores on narcissistic personality traits and causal attributions to positive and negative events. 119 undergraduate students in psychology as participants completed the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-40, the Attributional Style Questionnaire, and several Self-referencing Closed-ended Vignettes. Analyses indicated that men who scored higher on the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-40 made more int…
Elderly Persons' Perceptions of Humor as a Gender-Linked Characteristic
Attitudes toward the role that humor is supposed to play in the repertoires of men and women may explain the extent to which elderly people avail themselves of humor's potential benefits. 96 volunteers consisting of 24 men (ages 59–90 years) and 72 women (ages 51–93 years) responded to Vitulli's Humor Rating Scale. The rating scale measured attitudes toward male-oriented humor, female-oriented humor, general humor values, and an index of “differe…
Mental Arithmetic as a Function of Computerized Digit Rates, Gender, and Size of Audience
Mental-arithmetic tests were given to 117 undergraduate volunteers (40 men and 77 women) using three rates (between groups) of digit presentation (1 sec., 2 sec., and 3 sec.) under three (within-group) sizes of audience (2 observers, 1 observer, and alone condition). Subjects were instructed to sum mentally three sets of 25 numerals ranging from 1 to 5 in computer-generated random sequences, under each of the three audience conditions. A mixed 2×…
Contributions to the History of Psychology
18 contrasting pairs of psychological prescriptions formed the basis of a rating scale upon which 25 undergraduate psychology students (5 men and 20 women) enrolled in a course in “systems of psychology” indicated their “attitudinal preferences.” An analysis of variance, followed by pair-wise comparisons using t tests for correlated samples taken at the beginning and end of the quarter showed a trend toward endorsements of more “phenomenological”…
Attitudes toward Parents
A different sample of 84 college students' relationships with their parents were surveyed in a replication one year after the original study. While sign tests showed significantly higher over-all ratings for relationships with mothers (good) than with fathers (average to good), daughters rated their relationships with their mothers (good) as significantly higher than those with their fathers (average to good), yet sons rated mothers and fathers a…
Size of Audience, Gender, and Digit-Rate Effects on Short-Term Memory
Short-term memory tests were given to 101 undergraduate volunteers (33 men and 68 women) under three levels of audience size (2 observers, 1 observer, and alone condition) using different rates (1 sec. and 3 sec.) of computer-generated random numbers. Subjects were instructed to recall 25 random digits (presented sequentially on a computer screen) immediately after their display. A mixed 2 × 2 × 3 split-plot analysis of variance showed a signific…
College Students' Attitudes toward Relationships with Their Parents as a Function of Gender
The relation with one's parents is perhaps the most important variable in predicting future interpersonal relationships. To measure current attitudes toward relationships with parents 34 college men and 55 women from general psychology were administered two statements: “My relationship with my MOTHER can best be described as Great!, Good, Average, Poor, Awful!,” and “My relationship with my FATHER can best be described as Great!, Good, Average, P…
Alcohol Effects on Behavioral Thermoregulation with Microwave Radiation
Ethanol may play an active role in modifying "set point" levels in conjunction with behavioral thermoregulation. A geometric series of doses of ethanol solutions was administered (ip) prior to fixed-interval 2-min. schedules of microwave reinforcement in rats tested in a cold environment. Four Sprague-Dawley rats were conditioned to regulate their thermal environment with 5-sec. exposures of MW reinforcement. Friedman's nonparametric test showed …
Humor-Value Assessment as a Function of Sex, Age, and Education
Humor-Value Assessment as a Function of Sex, Age, and Education
A sense of humor may be related to our survival, yet the value one places on humor is typically not very explicit. Sex, age, and education were selected as variables to examine how participants would respond to Vitulli's Humor Rating Scale. 217 volunteers (108 men and 109 women) were distributed among four levels of education: Grade 8, high school, college, and a combined sample of graduate students and professors. The rating scale measured attit…
Sex-Related Attitudes toward Humor among High-School and College Students
This exploratory study describes comparisons of high-school and college men and women regarding attitudes toward the “importance” of humor in their lives. 45 high-school students and 33 college students volunteered to complete Vitulli's Humor Rating Scale. This Likert-type scale has 12 items dealing with varying opinions regarding the importance of humor for men and women. Four subscales measured general humor appreciation, male-oriented humor, f…
Covert Solutions to Computerized Mathematics Problems as a Function of Visibility of the Numbers and Rate of Digit Presentation
This exploratory investigation concerned estimation of sums of single digits as a function of the visibility of the digits, and the interstimulus intervals between digit presentations. A standard Televideo computer terminal (CRT) was used to randomly display digits ranging from 1 to 5 such that 25 numerals were successively presented per set. 77 undergraduate volunteers were randomly assigned to either a “visible” group in which numerals appeared…
Self-Report Measures of Behavioral Attributions Related to Interpersonal Flirtation Situations
The objective of this exploratory research was to quantify the attributional responses of a number of demographic groups of college students with respect to their perception of diverse flirting situations. 93 undergraduates were classified along 7 demographic variables including marital status, sex, age, college class, grade-point average, ethnic origin, and religious affiliation. A 32-item questionnaire pertaining to interpersonal flirting was c…
Psychokinetic (PK) Testing on a Computer
This exploratory investigation attempted to measure possible PK effects with the use of a standard Televideo terminal (CRT). A set of numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were randomly programmed to display themselves automatically on the CRT screen, one at a time, at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 1 or 3 sec. for different groups of subjects. 66 undergraduate volunteers were randomly assigned to one of three sets of instructions designed to raise or lo…
Male behavior through the breeding season in Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis
The Bolivian squirrel monkey ( Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis ) is a seasonal breeder. Male squirrel monkeys show distinct morphological and behavioral changes prior to and during the breeding season. A “fatting syndrome” includes increased body weight, increased levels of androgens, and in the Bolivian subspecies, an increasingly active role in the social organization of the group. In this study, the behavior of ten adult male Bolivian squirrel…
Secondary sources in parapsychological research
Secondary sources in parapsychological research
Effects of Immediate Feedback on Computer-Assisted Testing of ESP Performance
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of varying degrees of feedback on the number of correct guesses (hits) subjects-make in response to a computerized ESP test. 24 subjects from undergraduate psychology courses volunteered to participate. Random assignment of subjects was made to one of four feedback conditions as follows: (1) total feedback, (2) correct feedback, (3) incorrect feedback, (4) no feedback. A computer program was …
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Visual, Motor, and Age Factors in Maze Learning in Chicks
Psychology or Behaviorology? A Plea for Descriptive Accuracy
The Sport of Behavior
Interactive Effects of Shock, Insulin, and Food Pellet Properties on Operant Behavior
Rats were trained on multiple and concurrent schedules of reinforcement to assess the interactive effects of shock, insulin, and food pellet properties. The intensities of shock were .4 ma. and .8 ma. The temporal intervals between pellet occurrence and shock onset were .0, .5, 1.0, and 2.0 sec. The doses of insulin were 4, 12, 20, and 28 units. The types of pellets were Noyes sucrose and Noyes standard. The effects of the parameters or these var…
Effects of Insulin Preparations on Titrated Sucrose Regulation
Albino rats were conditioned on a titration schedule of reinforcement which enabled the animals to adjust the sucrose concentration of food pellets. Concentrations of 90%, 70%, 50%, 30% and 10% sucrose were decreased by 20% every 30 sec. unless the animal emitted 1 of 2 concurrent operants, which reversed the process. Preparations of globin, protamine, and regular insulins were administered via the intraperitoneal route in small doses, on separat…
Operant versus Logical Analyses of “Predictions”
A prediction is defined as a tact whose object increases the probability that a verbal operant will be topographically arranged to describe subsequent events. Skinner (1957) defined tact as a . . verbal operant in which a response of given form is evoked (or at least strengthened) by a particular object or or property of an object or event (Skinner, 1957, pp. 81-82). A logical interpretation of is illustrated by Nagel (1961) who attempted to show…
A quest for balance
Beyond Jensen and Hebb
Regular-Insulin Doses in Monkeys Measured by an Operant Schedule of Titrated Sucrose Reinforcement
2 adult male squirrel monkeys, Saimiri sciureus, were conditioned on titration schedules of reinforcement which enabled the animals to adjust sucrose concentrations of Noyes 190-mg. food pellets received as reinforcers. Responding on a titration operandum increased available sucrose concentrations by 20% for 30 sec. per titration response. An alternate operandum, which required a response of different topography, produced reinforcers of sucrose c…
A Discriminative Stimulus Model for Application of Greater Control in Token Economics
The preoccupation with conditioned or generalized reinforcing properties of stimuli used as tokens in applied settings has resulted in a costly neglect of the discriminative (S D ) properties of token stimuli. Published data suggest a discriminative stimulus model using Mechner's notation for more carefully establishing discriminative functions of stimuli in token economics and for employing them more efficiently
Mercury Effects from Chronic and Acute Doses on Fixed-Interval Operant Behavior of Female Squirrel Monkeys
Adult female squirrel monkeys, Saimiri sciureus, were conditioned on a fixed-interval 10-min. schedule of Noyes 190-mg food pellets until steady states were recorded. Chronic, sublethal doses of dimethylmercury were then administered via the intraperitoneal route prior to each experimental session. Physiologically normal saline was administered IP during control sessions. Following the chronic series, one acute dose of mercury was administered to…
Comparison of APA and Turabian Reference Styles on Readers' Recall and Preference
This study compared the ability of readers to recall references when two different styles, Turabian and American Psychological Association, were both presented to subjects in a counterbalanced design. Also an attitude scale was administered to determine readers' preferences for the two styles. The results showed no significant differences either in recall or preference due to the sequence of styles. Implications regarding the cost of typing manus…
Effects of Immediate Feedback on Computer-Assisted Testing of ESP Performance
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of varying degrees of feedback on the number of correct guesses (hits) subjects-make in response to a computerized ESP test. 24 subjects from undergraduate psychology courses volunteered to participate. Random assignment of subjects was made to one of four feedback conditions as follows: (1) total feedback, (2) correct feedback, (3) incorrect feedback, (4) no feedback. A computer program was …
Male behavior through the breeding season in Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis
The Bolivian squirrel monkey ( Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis ) is a seasonal breeder. Male squirrel monkeys show distinct morphological and behavioral changes prior to and during the breeding season. A “fatting syndrome” includes increased body weight, increased levels of androgens, and in the Bolivian subspecies, an increasingly active role in the social organization of the group. In this study, the behavior of ten adult male Bolivian squirrel…
Secondary sources in parapsychological research
Secondary sources in parapsychological research
Self-Report Measures of Behavioral Attributions Related to Interpersonal Flirtation Situations
The objective of this exploratory research was to quantify the attributional responses of a number of demographic groups of college students with respect to their perception of diverse flirting situations. 93 undergraduates were classified along 7 demographic variables including marital status, sex, age, college class, grade-point average, ethnic origin, and religious affiliation. A 32-item questionnaire pertaining to interpersonal flirting was c…
Psychokinetic (PK) Testing on a Computer
This exploratory investigation attempted to measure possible PK effects with the use of a standard Televideo terminal (CRT). A set of numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were randomly programmed to display themselves automatically on the CRT screen, one at a time, at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 1 or 3 sec. for different groups of subjects. 66 undergraduate volunteers were randomly assigned to one of three sets of instructions designed to raise or lo…
Sex-Related Attitudes toward Humor among High-School and College Students
This exploratory study describes comparisons of high-school and college men and women regarding attitudes toward the “importance” of humor in their lives. 45 high-school students and 33 college students volunteered to complete Vitulli's Humor Rating Scale. This Likert-type scale has 12 items dealing with varying opinions regarding the importance of humor for men and women. Four subscales measured general humor appreciation, male-oriented humor, f…
Covert Solutions to Computerized Mathematics Problems as a Function of Visibility of the Numbers and Rate of Digit Presentation
This exploratory investigation concerned estimation of sums of single digits as a function of the visibility of the digits, and the interstimulus intervals between digit presentations. A standard Televideo computer terminal (CRT) was used to randomly display digits ranging from 1 to 5 such that 25 numerals were successively presented per set. 77 undergraduate volunteers were randomly assigned to either a “visible” group in which numerals appeared…
Humor-Value Assessment as a Function of Sex, Age, and Education
Humor-Value Assessment as a Function of Sex, Age, and Education
A sense of humor may be related to our survival, yet the value one places on humor is typically not very explicit. Sex, age, and education were selected as variables to examine how participants would respond to Vitulli's Humor Rating Scale. 217 volunteers (108 men and 109 women) were distributed among four levels of education: Grade 8, high school, college, and a combined sample of graduate students and professors. The rating scale measured attit…
Alcohol Effects on Behavioral Thermoregulation with Microwave Radiation
Ethanol may play an active role in modifying "set point" levels in conjunction with behavioral thermoregulation. A geometric series of doses of ethanol solutions was administered (ip) prior to fixed-interval 2-min. schedules of microwave reinforcement in rats tested in a cold environment. Four Sprague-Dawley rats were conditioned to regulate their thermal environment with 5-sec. exposures of MW reinforcement. Friedman's nonparametric test showed …
College Students' Attitudes toward Relationships with Their Parents as a Function of Gender
The relation with one's parents is perhaps the most important variable in predicting future interpersonal relationships. To measure current attitudes toward relationships with parents 34 college men and 55 women from general psychology were administered two statements: “My relationship with my MOTHER can best be described as Great!, Good, Average, Poor, Awful!,” and “My relationship with my FATHER can best be described as Great!, Good, Average, P…
Attitudes toward Parents
A different sample of 84 college students' relationships with their parents were surveyed in a replication one year after the original study. While sign tests showed significantly higher over-all ratings for relationships with mothers (good) than with fathers (average to good), daughters rated their relationships with their mothers (good) as significantly higher than those with their fathers (average to good), yet sons rated mothers and fathers a…
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