Alan R Kristal
Biographic Data
| ID | 5464403 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Alan R Kristal |
| GIVEN NAMES | Alan R |
| FAMILY NAME | Kristal |
| SIGNATURE | KRISTAL A R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Fred Hutch Cancer Center |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7329-1617 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 18 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 75 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 18 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Development and Validation of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire
Psychosocial Predictors of Diet and Acculturation in Chinese American and Chinese Canadian Women
Chinese cultural beliefs play an important role in the dietary practices of Chinese living in North America. Therefore, traditional health beliefs, as well as socioeconomic and environmental factors related to diet should be incorporated into the design and implementation of culturally appropriate health promotion programs for Chinese immigrants
A brief dietary assessment instrument for assessing target foods, nutrients and eating patterns
Objective: To develop and validate a new dietary assessment tool, the focused recall, and to use this to measure co-consumption of carotenoid-containing fruits and vegetables with savory snacks. Design: Participants completed a telephone-administered focused recall and a 24-hour recall on the same day. We compared mean estimates of fruit, vegetable, savory snack and carotenoid consumption from both instruments. We also assessed the ability of eac…
A household food inventory for North American Chinese
Objective To determine whether a short set of questions about foods in the household can provide information about the fat-related dietary behaviour of individual household members in less-acculturated Chinese populations. Design Cross-sectional survey. Participants The study population included 244 adult females of Chinese ethnicity in Seattle, WA, and Vancouver, BC, Canada. Setting Bilingual interviewers collected information on the presence of…
Motivations for healthful dietary change
Objective: To describe scales that measure motivations for changing dietary behaviour, and to examine associations of these scales with current diet and dietary change. Design: A secondary analysis of a randomised trial of a self-help intervention to promote lower fat and higher fruit and vegetable consumption. Participants and setting: Participants were 1205 adults selected at random from enrolees of a large Health Maintenance Organization. At b…
Evaluation of a simplified vitamin supplement inventory developed for the Women's Health Initiative
Objective To evaluate the accuracy of a simplified inventory procedure for assessing nutrient intake from vitamin and mineral supplements. Design Participants brought their supplements to a clinic. An interviewer conducted the supplement inventory procedure, which consisted of recording data on the type of multiple vitamin and single supplements used. For the multiple vitamins, the interviewer recorded the exact dose for a subset of nutrients (vi…
Differences in fat-related dietary patterns between black, Hispanic and white women: Results from the Women's Health Trial Feasibility Study in Minority Populations
Objective This report examines how sources of fat and patterns of fat-related dietary habits differed between black, Hispanic and white women participating in a randomized trial of a low-fat diet intervention. Design The intervention consisted of group sessions, which met weekly for 6 weeks, biweekly for 6 weeks and monthly for 9 months, and included didactic nutrition education and activities to provide motivation for sustained dietary change. O…
Trends in food label use associated with new nutrition labeling regulations
OBJECTIVES: This study compared use of food labels before and after implementation of new Food and Drug Administration regulations in 1994. METHODS: Data were obtained by random-digit-dial surveys of Washington State residents in 1993 (n = 1001) and 1996 (n = 1450). RESULTS: After implementation of the new regulations, usual label use increased significantly, by 8.5 percentage points in women and 11.3 percentage points in men. More respondents lo…
Using a brief household food inventory as an environmental indicator of individual dietary practices
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether foods in household pantries are an indicator of house-hold members' diet. METHODS: In a random-digit-dial survey, the presence in the house of 15 high-fat foods was assessed with whoever answered the phone. A randomly selected household member was surveyed about diet-related behaviors (n = 1002). RESULTS: Individuals in the precontemplation stage of dietary change had more high-fat foods in their pantry tha…
A dietary intervention in primary care practice: The Eating Patterns Study
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a low-intensity dietary intervention in primary care practice in lowering dietary fat intake and raising dietary fiber intake. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial of 28 physician practices in six primary care clinics enrolled, by telephone, adult patients who had appointments for nonurgent nonacute visits. Of 3490 eligible patients contacted, 2111 completed baseline interview; 86.1% also co…
Do beliefs, knowledge, and perceived norms about diet and cancer predict dietary change
OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that belief in an association between diet and cancer, knowledge of dietary recommendations and food composition, and perceived norms would predict healthful dietary changes. METHODS: Data are from a population-based sample of Washington State residents (n = 607). Psychosocial constructs measured at baseline (1989/90) were used to predict changes in dietary practices, fat intake, fiber intake, and weight over 3 years. …
Physician recommendations for dietary change: Their prevalence and impact in a population-based sample
A random-digit-dialing survey to examine the prevalence, content, and impact of physician dietary recommendations in a representative population-based sample of Washington State residents was administered to 1972 persons aged 18 years and older. Twenty percent of those surveyed received a physician's recommendation for dietary change in the previous year. The most common recommendations were to decrease intake of cholesterol, calories, and red me…
Work-site smoking policies: Their population impact in Washington State
This article presents data from a population-based, random-digit dialing telephone survey of 1228 employed adults in Washington State, conducted 1989 through 1990. Eighty-one percent of men and 91% of women reported work-site smoking restrictions. Employees in work sites with no-smoking policies were less likely to be current smokers; men in work sites with policies restricting smoking smoked fewer cigarettes on both workdays and nonworkdays. For…
How women's adopted low-fat diets affect their husbands
OBJECTIVES. One way of promoting a reduction in dietary fat intake is by changing the diet of family members. This study investigated the long-term effects of a low-fat dietary intervention on husbands of women who participated in the Women's Health Trial (WHT). METHODS. An average of 12 months after the end of the WHT, a randomly selected sample of participants' husbands was sent dietary and health questionnaires as part of a follow-up study of …
Community-level comparisons between the grocery store environment and individual dietary practices
Development and validation of a food use checklist for evaluation of community nutrition interventions
We developed a new dietary assessment instrument, the Food Behavior Checklist (FBC), which measures food use related to adopting lower-fat and higher-fiber diets. The FBC is a simplification of the 24-hour diet recall that consists of 19 simple yes/no questions about foods consumed during the previous day. To develop the FBC, an expert committee generated a list of foods based on our intervention program, and we used focus groups and random-digit…
Sexual behavior and risks of HIV infection
Sexual behavior and risks of HIV infection. A R KristalCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.78.1.91 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Sexual activities in bathhouses in Los Angeles county: Implications for Aids prevention education
In July and August 1986, 807 men were interviewed as they left seven bathhouses in Los Angeles County. While at the bathhouse, sixty‐one percent reported participating in sexual activities usually associated with a low risk of HIV transmission, and ten percent reported participating in receptive and/or insertive anal intercourse without a condom, behavior associated with an increased risk of HIV transmission. A greater proportion of the latter gr…
Sexual activities in bathhouses in Los Angeles county: Implications for Aids prevention education
In July and August 1986, 807 men were interviewed as they left seven bathhouses in Los Angeles County. While at the bathhouse, sixty‐one percent reported participating in sexual activities usually associated with a low risk of HIV transmission, and ten percent reported participating in receptive and/or insertive anal intercourse without a condom, behavior associated with an increased risk of HIV transmission. A greater proportion of the latter gr…
Do beliefs, knowledge, and perceived norms about diet and cancer predict dietary change
OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that belief in an association between diet and cancer, knowledge of dietary recommendations and food composition, and perceived norms would predict healthful dietary changes. METHODS: Data are from a population-based sample of Washington State residents (n = 607). Psychosocial constructs measured at baseline (1989/90) were used to predict changes in dietary practices, fat intake, fiber intake, and weight over 3 years. …
How women's adopted low-fat diets affect their husbands
OBJECTIVES. One way of promoting a reduction in dietary fat intake is by changing the diet of family members. This study investigated the long-term effects of a low-fat dietary intervention on husbands of women who participated in the Women's Health Trial (WHT). METHODS. An average of 12 months after the end of the WHT, a randomly selected sample of participants' husbands was sent dietary and health questionnaires as part of a follow-up study of …
Psychosocial Predictors of Diet and Acculturation in Chinese American and Chinese Canadian Women
Chinese cultural beliefs play an important role in the dietary practices of Chinese living in North America. Therefore, traditional health beliefs, as well as socioeconomic and environmental factors related to diet should be incorporated into the design and implementation of culturally appropriate health promotion programs for Chinese immigrants
A dietary intervention in primary care practice: The Eating Patterns Study
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a low-intensity dietary intervention in primary care practice in lowering dietary fat intake and raising dietary fiber intake. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial of 28 physician practices in six primary care clinics enrolled, by telephone, adult patients who had appointments for nonurgent nonacute visits. Of 3490 eligible patients contacted, 2111 completed baseline interview; 86.1% also co…
Work-site smoking policies: Their population impact in Washington State
This article presents data from a population-based, random-digit dialing telephone survey of 1228 employed adults in Washington State, conducted 1989 through 1990. Eighty-one percent of men and 91% of women reported work-site smoking restrictions. Employees in work sites with no-smoking policies were less likely to be current smokers; men in work sites with policies restricting smoking smoked fewer cigarettes on both workdays and nonworkdays. For…
Trends in food label use associated with new nutrition labeling regulations
OBJECTIVES: This study compared use of food labels before and after implementation of new Food and Drug Administration regulations in 1994. METHODS: Data were obtained by random-digit-dial surveys of Washington State residents in 1993 (n = 1001) and 1996 (n = 1450). RESULTS: After implementation of the new regulations, usual label use increased significantly, by 8.5 percentage points in women and 11.3 percentage points in men. More respondents lo…
Using a brief household food inventory as an environmental indicator of individual dietary practices
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether foods in household pantries are an indicator of house-hold members' diet. METHODS: In a random-digit-dial survey, the presence in the house of 15 high-fat foods was assessed with whoever answered the phone. A randomly selected household member was surveyed about diet-related behaviors (n = 1002). RESULTS: Individuals in the precontemplation stage of dietary change had more high-fat foods in their pantry tha…
Development and validation of a food use checklist for evaluation of community nutrition interventions
We developed a new dietary assessment instrument, the Food Behavior Checklist (FBC), which measures food use related to adopting lower-fat and higher-fiber diets. The FBC is a simplification of the 24-hour diet recall that consists of 19 simple yes/no questions about foods consumed during the previous day. To develop the FBC, an expert committee generated a list of foods based on our intervention program, and we used focus groups and random-digit…
Physician recommendations for dietary change: Their prevalence and impact in a population-based sample
A random-digit-dialing survey to examine the prevalence, content, and impact of physician dietary recommendations in a representative population-based sample of Washington State residents was administered to 1972 persons aged 18 years and older. Twenty percent of those surveyed received a physician's recommendation for dietary change in the previous year. The most common recommendations were to decrease intake of cholesterol, calories, and red me…
Sexual behavior and risks of HIV infection
Sexual behavior and risks of HIV infection. A R KristalCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.78.1.91 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Sexual activities in bathhouses in Los Angeles county: Implications for Aids prevention education
In July and August 1986, 807 men were interviewed as they left seven bathhouses in Los Angeles County. While at the bathhouse, sixty‐one percent reported participating in sexual activities usually associated with a low risk of HIV transmission, and ten percent reported participating in receptive and/or insertive anal intercourse without a condom, behavior associated with an increased risk of HIV transmission. A greater proportion of the latter gr…
Development and validation of a food use checklist for evaluation of community nutrition interventions
We developed a new dietary assessment instrument, the Food Behavior Checklist (FBC), which measures food use related to adopting lower-fat and higher-fiber diets. The FBC is a simplification of the 24-hour diet recall that consists of 19 simple yes/no questions about foods consumed during the previous day. To develop the FBC, an expert committee generated a list of foods based on our intervention program, and we used focus groups and random-digit…
Community-level comparisons between the grocery store environment and individual dietary practices
How women's adopted low-fat diets affect their husbands
OBJECTIVES. One way of promoting a reduction in dietary fat intake is by changing the diet of family members. This study investigated the long-term effects of a low-fat dietary intervention on husbands of women who participated in the Women's Health Trial (WHT). METHODS. An average of 12 months after the end of the WHT, a randomly selected sample of participants' husbands was sent dietary and health questionnaires as part of a follow-up study of …
Work-site smoking policies: Their population impact in Washington State
This article presents data from a population-based, random-digit dialing telephone survey of 1228 employed adults in Washington State, conducted 1989 through 1990. Eighty-one percent of men and 91% of women reported work-site smoking restrictions. Employees in work sites with no-smoking policies were less likely to be current smokers; men in work sites with policies restricting smoking smoked fewer cigarettes on both workdays and nonworkdays. For…
Physician recommendations for dietary change: Their prevalence and impact in a population-based sample
A random-digit-dialing survey to examine the prevalence, content, and impact of physician dietary recommendations in a representative population-based sample of Washington State residents was administered to 1972 persons aged 18 years and older. Twenty percent of those surveyed received a physician's recommendation for dietary change in the previous year. The most common recommendations were to decrease intake of cholesterol, calories, and red me…
Do beliefs, knowledge, and perceived norms about diet and cancer predict dietary change
OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that belief in an association between diet and cancer, knowledge of dietary recommendations and food composition, and perceived norms would predict healthful dietary changes. METHODS: Data are from a population-based sample of Washington State residents (n = 607). Psychosocial constructs measured at baseline (1989/90) were used to predict changes in dietary practices, fat intake, fiber intake, and weight over 3 years. …
Using a brief household food inventory as an environmental indicator of individual dietary practices
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether foods in household pantries are an indicator of house-hold members' diet. METHODS: In a random-digit-dial survey, the presence in the house of 15 high-fat foods was assessed with whoever answered the phone. A randomly selected household member was surveyed about diet-related behaviors (n = 1002). RESULTS: Individuals in the precontemplation stage of dietary change had more high-fat foods in their pantry tha…
A dietary intervention in primary care practice: The Eating Patterns Study
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a low-intensity dietary intervention in primary care practice in lowering dietary fat intake and raising dietary fiber intake. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial of 28 physician practices in six primary care clinics enrolled, by telephone, adult patients who had appointments for nonurgent nonacute visits. Of 3490 eligible patients contacted, 2111 completed baseline interview; 86.1% also co…
Trends in food label use associated with new nutrition labeling regulations
OBJECTIVES: This study compared use of food labels before and after implementation of new Food and Drug Administration regulations in 1994. METHODS: Data were obtained by random-digit-dial surveys of Washington State residents in 1993 (n = 1001) and 1996 (n = 1450). RESULTS: After implementation of the new regulations, usual label use increased significantly, by 8.5 percentage points in women and 11.3 percentage points in men. More respondents lo…
Evaluation of a simplified vitamin supplement inventory developed for the Women's Health Initiative
Objective To evaluate the accuracy of a simplified inventory procedure for assessing nutrient intake from vitamin and mineral supplements. Design Participants brought their supplements to a clinic. An interviewer conducted the supplement inventory procedure, which consisted of recording data on the type of multiple vitamin and single supplements used. For the multiple vitamins, the interviewer recorded the exact dose for a subset of nutrients (vi…
Differences in fat-related dietary patterns between black, Hispanic and white women: Results from the Women's Health Trial Feasibility Study in Minority Populations
Objective This report examines how sources of fat and patterns of fat-related dietary habits differed between black, Hispanic and white women participating in a randomized trial of a low-fat diet intervention. Design The intervention consisted of group sessions, which met weekly for 6 weeks, biweekly for 6 weeks and monthly for 9 months, and included didactic nutrition education and activities to provide motivation for sustained dietary change. O…
A brief dietary assessment instrument for assessing target foods, nutrients and eating patterns
Objective: To develop and validate a new dietary assessment tool, the focused recall, and to use this to measure co-consumption of carotenoid-containing fruits and vegetables with savory snacks. Design: Participants completed a telephone-administered focused recall and a 24-hour recall on the same day. We compared mean estimates of fruit, vegetable, savory snack and carotenoid consumption from both instruments. We also assessed the ability of eac…
A household food inventory for North American Chinese
Objective To determine whether a short set of questions about foods in the household can provide information about the fat-related dietary behaviour of individual household members in less-acculturated Chinese populations. Design Cross-sectional survey. Participants The study population included 244 adult females of Chinese ethnicity in Seattle, WA, and Vancouver, BC, Canada. Setting Bilingual interviewers collected information on the presence of…
Motivations for healthful dietary change
Objective: To describe scales that measure motivations for changing dietary behaviour, and to examine associations of these scales with current diet and dietary change. Design: A secondary analysis of a randomised trial of a self-help intervention to promote lower fat and higher fruit and vegetable consumption. Participants and setting: Participants were 1205 adults selected at random from enrolees of a large Health Maintenance Organization. At b…
Psychosocial Predictors of Diet and Acculturation in Chinese American and Chinese Canadian Women
Chinese cultural beliefs play an important role in the dietary practices of Chinese living in North America. Therefore, traditional health beliefs, as well as socioeconomic and environmental factors related to diet should be incorporated into the design and implementation of culturally appropriate health promotion programs for Chinese immigrants
Development and Validation of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire
Medicine (18 works) · Environmental health (15 works) · Gerontology (9 works) · Nutritional Studies and Diet (9 works) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (9 works) · Gerontology (8 works) · Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling (7 works) · Demography (7 works) · Food Science (7 works) · Psychology (6 works)