Robert G Cumming
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 5468526 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Robert G Cumming |
| NOMBRES | Robert G |
| APELLIDO | Cumming |
| FIRMA | CUMMING R G |
| AFILIACIONES | The University of Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0261-6103 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 19 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1994 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Intra-generational social mobility and mortality among older men in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project
These findings suggest cumulative and persistent exposure to disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions across the life-course, rather than social mobility, is associated with increased mortality. For each stage of the life-course, addressing socioeconomic disadvantage may reduce inequities in mortality
Associations between the composition of functional tooth units and nutrient intake in older men
Objective: Inadequate nutrient intakes have been linked with poor dentition in older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the composition of functional tooth units (FTU) and nutrient intakes in older men. Design: A cross-sectional study with a standardised validated diet history assessment and comprehensive oral health assessments. FTU were categorised by dentition type: (i) Group A (Natural FTU Only), (ii) Gr…
Associations between nutrient intakes and dietary patterns with different sarcopenia definitions in older Australian men
Objective: To assess the associations between nutrient intake and dietary patterns with different sarcopenia definitions in older men. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Sarcopenia was defined using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Dietary adequacy of fourteen nutrients was as…
Changes in micronutrient intake and factors associated with this change among older Australian men
Objectives: To examine changes in micronutrient intake over 3 years and identify any associations between socio-economic, health, lifestyle and meal-related factors and these changes in micronutrient intakes among older men. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Dietary adequacy of individual micronutrient was compared to the estimated average requirement of the nutrient reference values (NRV). Attainment of the NRV for twelve micronutrients was in…
Factors Associated With Falls Among Urban-Dwellers Aged 55 Years and Over in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) Study
Falls are major issues affecting the older population with potentially serious complications, including fractures, head injury, institutionalization, fear of falling and depression. While risk factors for falls have been established across Western Europe and North America, geographical differences in falls risk have not been well researched. We aim to examine the clinical and physical risk factors for falls in a middle-income South East Asian cou…
Contribution of psychosocial factors to socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among older Australian men
Psychosocial factors may account for up to one-third of SES inequalities in deaths from all and specific causes (except cancer mortality). Our findings suggest that interventional studies targeting social relationships and/or psychological distress in older men aiming to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are warranted
Mortality Paradox of Older Italian-Born Men in Australia
Health system reforms in five sub-Saharan African countries that experienced major armed conflicts (wars) during 1990–2015
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has had more major armed conflicts (wars) in the past two decades - including 13 wars during 1990-2015 - than any other part of the world, and this has had an adverse effect on health systems in the region. OBJECTIVE: To understand the best health system practices in five SSA countries that experienced wars during 1990-2015, and yet managed to achieve a maternal mortality reduction - equal to or greater than 5…
Depression, Suicidal Behaviour, and Mental Disorders in Older Aboriginal Australians
Aboriginal Australians experience higher levels of psychological distress, which may develop from the long-term sequelae of social determinants and adversities in early and mid-life. There is little evidence available on the impact of these on the mental health of older Aboriginal Australians. This study enrolled 336 Aboriginal Australian participants over 60 years from 5 major urban and regional areas in NSW, utilizing a structured interview on …
Factors associated with cognitive function in older adults in Mexico
BACKGROUND: As populations age, cognitive decline and dementia pose significant burdens for societies and health care systems, including low- and middle-income countries such as Mexico. Minor age-related declines in cognitive function appear to represent a stable but heterogeneous phase in the continuum between normal cognitive ageing and dementia. Loss of cognitive function has impacts at societal and individual levels and understanding the risk…
Australian higher education scholarships as tools for international development and diplomacy in Africa
International scholarships for higher education are a large component of foreign aid in many high-income countries, including Australia. The aims for Australian scholarships awarded to African students are to achieve development in Africa and advance the influence of Australia. However, well-articulated theories of change that define how scholarships are linked to these and other outcomes are not available in the literature. In order to address t…
Grandparents Fostering Orphans
In this study the authors explore the impact of protective factors on the health and well-being of grandmothers who are primary caregivers. Although researchers in Africa have studied grandparents who assume primary caregiving responsibilities, it is rare that they do so from a strength perspective, hence the need to examine the utility of personal, social, and environmental assets on caregiving. Grandmothers are the primary caregivers of orphane…
Impact of Protective Factors on Resilience of Grandparent Carers Fostering Orphans and Non-Orphans in Zimbabwe
Positive emotions and good health experienced by resilient grandparent carers function as protective factors to reduce the magnitude of adversity to individuals and assist them to cope well with caregiving
Can social dancing prevent falls in older adults? a protocol of the Dance, Aging, Cognition, Economics (DAnCE) fall prevention randomised controlled trial
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000889853The trial is now in progress with 12 villages already have been randomised
Older people living with HIV in Uganda
Older adults ageing with HIV in Africa have been largely neglected, despite the distinctive healthcare needs of this population. This article examines the medical care experiences of older Ugandans living with HIV. Data were collected from 40 HIV-positive adults, aged 50 years or older, attending two clinics in Uganda. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 adults and four focus groups were conducted with a total of 24 adults. Obse…
HIV Attitudes, Awareness and Testing Among Older Adults in Africa
Subjective Social Support in Older Male Italian-Born Immigrants in Australia
Determinants of male reproductive health disorders
A range of lifestyle factors, more often associated with chronic disease, were significantly associated with male reproductive health disorders. Education strategies directed to improving general health may also confer benefits to male reproductive health
Prevalence and correlates of physical disability and functional limitation among community dwelling older people in rural Malaysia, a middle income country
The prevalence of physical disability and functional limitation among older Malaysians appears to be much higher than in developed countries but is comparable to developing countries. Associations with socio-demographic and other health related variables were consistent with other studies
Prevalence and Neurodegenerative or Other Associations With Olfactory Impairment in an Older Community
Over one in four older persons had olfactory impairment. The prevalence was higher in men, increased with age and decreasing BMI, and was higher among persons with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment
Environmental Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older People
Objective: This study seeks to determine the efficacy of environmental interventions in reducing falls in community-dwelling older people. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials was performed. Results: Pooled analysis of six trials ( N = 3,298) demonstrated a 21% reduction in falls risk (relative risk [RR] = 0.79; 0.65 to 0.97). Heterogeneity was attributable to the large treatment effect of one trial. Analysis of a su…
Student-centred Course Evaluation in a Four-year, Problem Based Medical Programme
Increasingly, evaluation is seen primarily as means of achieving quality improvement in higher education. The student-centred, open evaluation system in the medical programme at the University of Sydney has been developed with the fundamental aim of maintaining and improving programme quality. Students' potential concerns about their learning experiences are actively sought through a variety of qualitative and quantitative collection methods. Fee…
Possible associations between computed tomography scan and cataract
OBJECTIVES: This study examined possible associations between the presence of cataract and a history of computed tomography (CT) scan of the head in an older population. METHODS: The Blue Mountains Eye Study examined 3654 people aged 49 to 97 years who lived west of Sydney, Australia. As part of a medical history, participants were asked whether they had ever had a head CT scan. Masked grading of lens photographs assessed cortical, nuclear, and p…
Sensory impairment and driving
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between vision, hearing, loss, and car accidents. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 3654 people aged 49 years and older in the Blue Mountains, Australia, was used. Each subject had a detailed eye examination and interview. RESULTS: Self-reported car accident rates in the past year among 2379 current drivers were 5.6% for those aged 49 to 79 years and 9.1% for those 80 years and older. A 2-line d…
Health status before and mortality after hip fracture
A cohort study was done to determine the direct impact of hip fracture on mortality in older people. Survival was compared between 211 hip fracture patients from a defined area and 201 non-hip fracture control subjects randomly selected from the same area. The mortality rate 1 year after hip fracture was 21.7%; 1-year mortality in the comparison group was 4.7%. The crude hazard ratio for hip fracture and mortality was 4.0 (95% confidence interval…
Subjective Social Support in Older Male Italian-Born Immigrants in Australia
Australian higher education scholarships as tools for international development and diplomacy in Africa
International scholarships for higher education are a large component of foreign aid in many high-income countries, including Australia. The aims for Australian scholarships awarded to African students are to achieve development in Africa and advance the influence of Australia. However, well-articulated theories of change that define how scholarships are linked to these and other outcomes are not available in the literature. In order to address t…
Health status before and mortality after hip fracture
A cohort study was done to determine the direct impact of hip fracture on mortality in older people. Survival was compared between 211 hip fracture patients from a defined area and 201 non-hip fracture control subjects randomly selected from the same area. The mortality rate 1 year after hip fracture was 21.7%; 1-year mortality in the comparison group was 4.7%. The crude hazard ratio for hip fracture and mortality was 4.0 (95% confidence interval…
Prevalence and Neurodegenerative or Other Associations With Olfactory Impairment in an Older Community
Over one in four older persons had olfactory impairment. The prevalence was higher in men, increased with age and decreasing BMI, and was higher among persons with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment
Impact of Protective Factors on Resilience of Grandparent Carers Fostering Orphans and Non-Orphans in Zimbabwe
Positive emotions and good health experienced by resilient grandparent carers function as protective factors to reduce the magnitude of adversity to individuals and assist them to cope well with caregiving
Sensory impairment and driving
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between vision, hearing, loss, and car accidents. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 3654 people aged 49 years and older in the Blue Mountains, Australia, was used. Each subject had a detailed eye examination and interview. RESULTS: Self-reported car accident rates in the past year among 2379 current drivers were 5.6% for those aged 49 to 79 years and 9.1% for those 80 years and older. A 2-line d…
The Human Predicament
Health status before and mortality after hip fracture
A cohort study was done to determine the direct impact of hip fracture on mortality in older people. Survival was compared between 211 hip fracture patients from a defined area and 201 non-hip fracture control subjects randomly selected from the same area. The mortality rate 1 year after hip fracture was 21.7%; 1-year mortality in the comparison group was 4.7%. The crude hazard ratio for hip fracture and mortality was 4.0 (95% confidence interval…
Possible associations between computed tomography scan and cataract
OBJECTIVES: This study examined possible associations between the presence of cataract and a history of computed tomography (CT) scan of the head in an older population. METHODS: The Blue Mountains Eye Study examined 3654 people aged 49 to 97 years who lived west of Sydney, Australia. As part of a medical history, participants were asked whether they had ever had a head CT scan. Masked grading of lens photographs assessed cortical, nuclear, and p…
Sensory impairment and driving
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between vision, hearing, loss, and car accidents. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 3654 people aged 49 years and older in the Blue Mountains, Australia, was used. Each subject had a detailed eye examination and interview. RESULTS: Self-reported car accident rates in the past year among 2379 current drivers were 5.6% for those aged 49 to 79 years and 9.1% for those 80 years and older. A 2-line d…
Student-centred Course Evaluation in a Four-year, Problem Based Medical Programme
Increasingly, evaluation is seen primarily as means of achieving quality improvement in higher education. The student-centred, open evaluation system in the medical programme at the University of Sydney has been developed with the fundamental aim of maintaining and improving programme quality. Students' potential concerns about their learning experiences are actively sought through a variety of qualitative and quantitative collection methods. Fee…
Environmental Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older People
Objective: This study seeks to determine the efficacy of environmental interventions in reducing falls in community-dwelling older people. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials was performed. Results: Pooled analysis of six trials ( N = 3,298) demonstrated a 21% reduction in falls risk (relative risk [RR] = 0.79; 0.65 to 0.97). Heterogeneity was attributable to the large treatment effect of one trial. Analysis of a su…
Determinants of male reproductive health disorders
A range of lifestyle factors, more often associated with chronic disease, were significantly associated with male reproductive health disorders. Education strategies directed to improving general health may also confer benefits to male reproductive health
Prevalence and correlates of physical disability and functional limitation among community dwelling older people in rural Malaysia, a middle income country
The prevalence of physical disability and functional limitation among older Malaysians appears to be much higher than in developed countries but is comparable to developing countries. Associations with socio-demographic and other health related variables were consistent with other studies
Prevalence and Neurodegenerative or Other Associations With Olfactory Impairment in an Older Community
Over one in four older persons had olfactory impairment. The prevalence was higher in men, increased with age and decreasing BMI, and was higher among persons with Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment
HIV Attitudes, Awareness and Testing Among Older Adults in Africa
Subjective Social Support in Older Male Italian-Born Immigrants in Australia
Older people living with HIV in Uganda
Older adults ageing with HIV in Africa have been largely neglected, despite the distinctive healthcare needs of this population. This article examines the medical care experiences of older Ugandans living with HIV. Data were collected from 40 HIV-positive adults, aged 50 years or older, attending two clinics in Uganda. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 adults and four focus groups were conducted with a total of 24 adults. Obse…
Can social dancing prevent falls in older adults? a protocol of the Dance, Aging, Cognition, Economics (DAnCE) fall prevention randomised controlled trial
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000889853The trial is now in progress with 12 villages already have been randomised
Grandparents Fostering Orphans
In this study the authors explore the impact of protective factors on the health and well-being of grandmothers who are primary caregivers. Although researchers in Africa have studied grandparents who assume primary caregiving responsibilities, it is rare that they do so from a strength perspective, hence the need to examine the utility of personal, social, and environmental assets on caregiving. Grandmothers are the primary caregivers of orphane…
Impact of Protective Factors on Resilience of Grandparent Carers Fostering Orphans and Non-Orphans in Zimbabwe
Positive emotions and good health experienced by resilient grandparent carers function as protective factors to reduce the magnitude of adversity to individuals and assist them to cope well with caregiving
Australian higher education scholarships as tools for international development and diplomacy in Africa
International scholarships for higher education are a large component of foreign aid in many high-income countries, including Australia. The aims for Australian scholarships awarded to African students are to achieve development in Africa and advance the influence of Australia. However, well-articulated theories of change that define how scholarships are linked to these and other outcomes are not available in the literature. In order to address t…
Factors associated with cognitive function in older adults in Mexico
BACKGROUND: As populations age, cognitive decline and dementia pose significant burdens for societies and health care systems, including low- and middle-income countries such as Mexico. Minor age-related declines in cognitive function appear to represent a stable but heterogeneous phase in the continuum between normal cognitive ageing and dementia. Loss of cognitive function has impacts at societal and individual levels and understanding the risk…
Health system reforms in five sub-Saharan African countries that experienced major armed conflicts (wars) during 1990–2015
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has had more major armed conflicts (wars) in the past two decades - including 13 wars during 1990-2015 - than any other part of the world, and this has had an adverse effect on health systems in the region. OBJECTIVE: To understand the best health system practices in five SSA countries that experienced wars during 1990-2015, and yet managed to achieve a maternal mortality reduction - equal to or greater than 5…
Depression, Suicidal Behaviour, and Mental Disorders in Older Aboriginal Australians
Aboriginal Australians experience higher levels of psychological distress, which may develop from the long-term sequelae of social determinants and adversities in early and mid-life. There is little evidence available on the impact of these on the mental health of older Aboriginal Australians. This study enrolled 336 Aboriginal Australian participants over 60 years from 5 major urban and regional areas in NSW, utilizing a structured interview on …
Mortality Paradox of Older Italian-Born Men in Australia
Factors Associated With Falls Among Urban-Dwellers Aged 55 Years and Over in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) Study
Falls are major issues affecting the older population with potentially serious complications, including fractures, head injury, institutionalization, fear of falling and depression. While risk factors for falls have been established across Western Europe and North America, geographical differences in falls risk have not been well researched. We aim to examine the clinical and physical risk factors for falls in a middle-income South East Asian cou…
Contribution of psychosocial factors to socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among older Australian men
Psychosocial factors may account for up to one-third of SES inequalities in deaths from all and specific causes (except cancer mortality). Our findings suggest that interventional studies targeting social relationships and/or psychological distress in older men aiming to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are warranted
Associations between the composition of functional tooth units and nutrient intake in older men
Objective: Inadequate nutrient intakes have been linked with poor dentition in older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the composition of functional tooth units (FTU) and nutrient intakes in older men. Design: A cross-sectional study with a standardised validated diet history assessment and comprehensive oral health assessments. FTU were categorised by dentition type: (i) Group A (Natural FTU Only), (ii) Gr…
Associations between nutrient intakes and dietary patterns with different sarcopenia definitions in older Australian men
Objective: To assess the associations between nutrient intake and dietary patterns with different sarcopenia definitions in older men. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Sarcopenia was defined using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Dietary adequacy of fourteen nutrients was as…
Changes in micronutrient intake and factors associated with this change among older Australian men
Objectives: To examine changes in micronutrient intake over 3 years and identify any associations between socio-economic, health, lifestyle and meal-related factors and these changes in micronutrient intakes among older men. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Dietary adequacy of individual micronutrient was compared to the estimated average requirement of the nutrient reference values (NRV). Attainment of the NRV for twelve micronutrients was in…
Medicine (23 obras) · Gerontology (19 obras) · Environmental health (12 obras) · Demography (10 obras) · Psychology (10 obras) · Psychiatry (9 obras) · Internal Medicine (8 obras) · Population (8 obras) · Sociology (7 obras) · Demography (6 obras)