L W Cowgill
Biographic Data
| ID | 54947 |
|---|---|
| NAME | L W Cowgill |
| GIVEN NAMES | L W |
| FAMILY NAME | Cowgill |
| SIGNATURE | COWGILL L W |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Missouri |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4880-3809 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 181 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Neandertal Cold Adaptation: Technological, Anatomical, and Physiological Responses to Cold Stress in One of Our Closest Fossil Relatives
Neandertals occupied western Eurasia for over 100 000 years, repeatedly enduring climates that ranged from seasonally cold to glacial. This paper reexamines the question of Neandertal cold adaptation using updated fossil, physiological, and archaeological evidence. While some populations lived outside glacial extremes, all faced periodic cold stress, and their survival depended on a diverse set of strategies. Technological buffers, including fire…
Ilium morphological variation during growth in forager populations
Human pelvic morphology has often been described in terms of an evolutionary compromise between bipedalism, encephalization, and obstetrics; however, recent research has argued that the pelvis is more biologically plastic than previously thought. Variation in pelvic form exists among adult modern human populations, but the factors influencing this variation, and when it manifests during growth, remain to be understood. The aim of this study is to…
Variation in ontogenetic trajectories of limb dimensions in humans is attributable to both climatic effects and neutral evolution
The influence of climate and population structure on East Asian skeletal morphology
Estimation of body mass in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) using cross-sectional geometry of the metapodial
Biomechanical implications of the onset of walking
Juvenile body mass estimation: A methodological evaluation
Femoral neck‐shaft angle and climate‐induced body proportions
OBJECTIVES: Declination in femoral neck-shaft angle (NSA) is commonly linked to an increased level of physical activity during life. More recently, however, research suggests that lower NSA might also be explained, in part, as the mechanical consequence of differences in ecogeographic body proportions. This study tests the proposed link between NSA and climatic-induced body proportions, using relative body mass (RBM), throughout the course of dev…
The Sunghir 3 Upper Paleolithic Juvenile: Pathology versus Persistence in the Paleolithic
The Mid Upper Paleolithic Sunghir 3 late juvenile early modern human, from the most elaborate burial in the Pleistocene, had pathologically foreshortened and anteriorly bowed femora and, based on her dental enamel hypoplasias and transverse lines, sustained severe and persistent systemic stress throughout her decade of life. Her modest femoral and tibial asymmetry and her femoral bicondylar angles indicate non-pathological patterns of posture and…
Postcranial growth and development of immature skeletons from Point Hope, Alaska
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Panel regression formulas for estimating stature and body mass from immature human skeletons: A statistical approach without reference to specific age estimates
Developmental variation in ecogeographic body proportions
While ecogeographic variation in adult human body proportions has been extensively explored, relatively less attention has been paid to the effect of Bergmann's and Allen's rules on human body shape during growth. The relationship between climate and immature body form is particularly important, as immature mortality is high, mechanisms of thermoregulation differ between young and mature humans, and immature body proportions fluctuate due to basi…
Ontogeny of limb proportions in late through final Jomon period foragers
This study reports on developmental patterning in the intralimb indices of Late/Final Jomon period (4000–2300 BP) people. Jomon foragers represent the descendants of migrants from Northeast Asia, who arrived in the Japanese Islands around 20,000 BP. Among adults, Jomon brachial indices are elevated and similar to warm adapted, low latitude people, while crural indices are intermediate and similar to people from moderate latitudes. Two hypotheses …
One Year in Biological Anthropology: Species, Integration, and Boundaries in 2010
The year 2010 in biological anthropology has been marked by continuing questions regarding temporal and geographical species boundaries and by queries into what it means to be human. The lines of evidence we use to reconstruct our biosocial past often exist in a state of dynamic tension; however, opportunities for integration do occur, and these collaborative endeavors were notable in 2010. Here I focus on boundaries and integration in four separ…
Determination of sex from the hyoid bone
This article explores size differences related to sex in the hyoid bones from the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Collection. A series of measurements were taken from 398 hyoids, both fused and unfused. The inclusion of unfused hyoids in the study provides the opportunity to investigate previously unknown size differences between sexes as well as to determine their utility in determining sex. Two‐way ANOVA was used to explore differences in hyoid size…
The ontogeny of Holocene and Late Pleistocene human postcranial strength
While a wide variety of studies have focused on population variation in adult cross‐sectional properties, relatively little is known about population variation in postcranial robusticity in immature individuals. Furthermore, the age at which the population differences readily detected in adults manifest during growth is also unknown. This research addresses these gaps in our current understanding through the analysis of immature humeral and femor…
Humeral torsion revisited: A functional and ontogenetic model for populational variation
Anthropological interest in humeral torsion has a long history, and several functional explanations for observed variation in the orientation of the humeral head have been proposed. Recent clinical studies have revived this topic by linking patterns of humeral torsion to habitual activities such as overhand throwing. However, the precise functional implications and ontogenetic history of humeral torsion remain unclear. This study examines the ont…
Variation in the development of postcranial robusticity: An example from Çatalhöyük, Turkey
While the study of variation in adult postcranial robusticity has a long history, few analyses have examined the acquisition of postcranial robusticity within an ontogenetic context. This research evaluates differences in the ontogenetic trajectories of immature femora from three samples, in order to assess the point at which differences in levels of adult postcranial robusticity arise during development. Femoral midshaft cross‐sectional properti…
Shanidar 10: A Middle Paleolithic immature distal lower limb from Shanidar Cave, Iraqi Kurdistan
The ontogeny of Holocene and Late Pleistocene human postcranial strength
While a wide variety of studies have focused on population variation in adult cross‐sectional properties, relatively little is known about population variation in postcranial robusticity in immature individuals. Furthermore, the age at which the population differences readily detected in adults manifest during growth is also unknown. This research addresses these gaps in our current understanding through the analysis of immature humeral and femor…
Developmental variation in ecogeographic body proportions
While ecogeographic variation in adult human body proportions has been extensively explored, relatively less attention has been paid to the effect of Bergmann's and Allen's rules on human body shape during growth. The relationship between climate and immature body form is particularly important, as immature mortality is high, mechanisms of thermoregulation differ between young and mature humans, and immature body proportions fluctuate due to basi…
Shanidar 10: A Middle Paleolithic immature distal lower limb from Shanidar Cave, Iraqi Kurdistan
Ontogeny of limb proportions in late through final Jomon period foragers
This study reports on developmental patterning in the intralimb indices of Late/Final Jomon period (4000–2300 BP) people. Jomon foragers represent the descendants of migrants from Northeast Asia, who arrived in the Japanese Islands around 20,000 BP. Among adults, Jomon brachial indices are elevated and similar to warm adapted, low latitude people, while crural indices are intermediate and similar to people from moderate latitudes. Two hypotheses …
The Sunghir 3 Upper Paleolithic Juvenile: Pathology versus Persistence in the Paleolithic
The Mid Upper Paleolithic Sunghir 3 late juvenile early modern human, from the most elaborate burial in the Pleistocene, had pathologically foreshortened and anteriorly bowed femora and, based on her dental enamel hypoplasias and transverse lines, sustained severe and persistent systemic stress throughout her decade of life. Her modest femoral and tibial asymmetry and her femoral bicondylar angles indicate non-pathological patterns of posture and…
Panel regression formulas for estimating stature and body mass from immature human skeletons: A statistical approach without reference to specific age estimates
Humeral torsion revisited: A functional and ontogenetic model for populational variation
Anthropological interest in humeral torsion has a long history, and several functional explanations for observed variation in the orientation of the humeral head have been proposed. Recent clinical studies have revived this topic by linking patterns of humeral torsion to habitual activities such as overhand throwing. However, the precise functional implications and ontogenetic history of humeral torsion remain unclear. This study examines the ont…
Variation in the development of postcranial robusticity: An example from Çatalhöyük, Turkey
While the study of variation in adult postcranial robusticity has a long history, few analyses have examined the acquisition of postcranial robusticity within an ontogenetic context. This research evaluates differences in the ontogenetic trajectories of immature femora from three samples, in order to assess the point at which differences in levels of adult postcranial robusticity arise during development. Femoral midshaft cross‐sectional properti…
Biomechanical implications of the onset of walking
The influence of climate and population structure on East Asian skeletal morphology
Juvenile body mass estimation: A methodological evaluation
Variation in ontogenetic trajectories of limb dimensions in humans is attributable to both climatic effects and neutral evolution
Femoral neck‐shaft angle and climate‐induced body proportions
OBJECTIVES: Declination in femoral neck-shaft angle (NSA) is commonly linked to an increased level of physical activity during life. More recently, however, research suggests that lower NSA might also be explained, in part, as the mechanical consequence of differences in ecogeographic body proportions. This study tests the proposed link between NSA and climatic-induced body proportions, using relative body mass (RBM), throughout the course of dev…
One Year in Biological Anthropology: Species, Integration, and Boundaries in 2010
The year 2010 in biological anthropology has been marked by continuing questions regarding temporal and geographical species boundaries and by queries into what it means to be human. The lines of evidence we use to reconstruct our biosocial past often exist in a state of dynamic tension; however, opportunities for integration do occur, and these collaborative endeavors were notable in 2010. Here I focus on boundaries and integration in four separ…
Humeral torsion revisited: A functional and ontogenetic model for populational variation
Anthropological interest in humeral torsion has a long history, and several functional explanations for observed variation in the orientation of the humeral head have been proposed. Recent clinical studies have revived this topic by linking patterns of humeral torsion to habitual activities such as overhand throwing. However, the precise functional implications and ontogenetic history of humeral torsion remain unclear. This study examines the ont…
Variation in the development of postcranial robusticity: An example from Çatalhöyük, Turkey
While the study of variation in adult postcranial robusticity has a long history, few analyses have examined the acquisition of postcranial robusticity within an ontogenetic context. This research evaluates differences in the ontogenetic trajectories of immature femora from three samples, in order to assess the point at which differences in levels of adult postcranial robusticity arise during development. Femoral midshaft cross‐sectional properti…
Shanidar 10: A Middle Paleolithic immature distal lower limb from Shanidar Cave, Iraqi Kurdistan
Determination of sex from the hyoid bone
This article explores size differences related to sex in the hyoid bones from the Robert J. Terry Anatomical Collection. A series of measurements were taken from 398 hyoids, both fused and unfused. The inclusion of unfused hyoids in the study provides the opportunity to investigate previously unknown size differences between sexes as well as to determine their utility in determining sex. Two‐way ANOVA was used to explore differences in hyoid size…
The ontogeny of Holocene and Late Pleistocene human postcranial strength
While a wide variety of studies have focused on population variation in adult cross‐sectional properties, relatively little is known about population variation in postcranial robusticity in immature individuals. Furthermore, the age at which the population differences readily detected in adults manifest during growth is also unknown. This research addresses these gaps in our current understanding through the analysis of immature humeral and femor…
Ontogeny of limb proportions in late through final Jomon period foragers
This study reports on developmental patterning in the intralimb indices of Late/Final Jomon period (4000–2300 BP) people. Jomon foragers represent the descendants of migrants from Northeast Asia, who arrived in the Japanese Islands around 20,000 BP. Among adults, Jomon brachial indices are elevated and similar to warm adapted, low latitude people, while crural indices are intermediate and similar to people from moderate latitudes. Two hypotheses …
One Year in Biological Anthropology: Species, Integration, and Boundaries in 2010
The year 2010 in biological anthropology has been marked by continuing questions regarding temporal and geographical species boundaries and by queries into what it means to be human. The lines of evidence we use to reconstruct our biosocial past often exist in a state of dynamic tension; however, opportunities for integration do occur, and these collaborative endeavors were notable in 2010. Here I focus on boundaries and integration in four separ…
Developmental variation in ecogeographic body proportions
While ecogeographic variation in adult human body proportions has been extensively explored, relatively less attention has been paid to the effect of Bergmann's and Allen's rules on human body shape during growth. The relationship between climate and immature body form is particularly important, as immature mortality is high, mechanisms of thermoregulation differ between young and mature humans, and immature body proportions fluctuate due to basi…
Panel regression formulas for estimating stature and body mass from immature human skeletons: A statistical approach without reference to specific age estimates
Postcranial growth and development of immature skeletons from Point Hope, Alaska
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
The Sunghir 3 Upper Paleolithic Juvenile: Pathology versus Persistence in the Paleolithic
The Mid Upper Paleolithic Sunghir 3 late juvenile early modern human, from the most elaborate burial in the Pleistocene, had pathologically foreshortened and anteriorly bowed femora and, based on her dental enamel hypoplasias and transverse lines, sustained severe and persistent systemic stress throughout her decade of life. Her modest femoral and tibial asymmetry and her femoral bicondylar angles indicate non-pathological patterns of posture and…
Femoral neck‐shaft angle and climate‐induced body proportions
OBJECTIVES: Declination in femoral neck-shaft angle (NSA) is commonly linked to an increased level of physical activity during life. More recently, however, research suggests that lower NSA might also be explained, in part, as the mechanical consequence of differences in ecogeographic body proportions. This study tests the proposed link between NSA and climatic-induced body proportions, using relative body mass (RBM), throughout the course of dev…
Biomechanical implications of the onset of walking
Juvenile body mass estimation: A methodological evaluation
Estimation of body mass in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) using cross-sectional geometry of the metapodial
The influence of climate and population structure on East Asian skeletal morphology
Variation in ontogenetic trajectories of limb dimensions in humans is attributable to both climatic effects and neutral evolution
Neandertal Cold Adaptation: Technological, Anatomical, and Physiological Responses to Cold Stress in One of Our Closest Fossil Relatives
Neandertals occupied western Eurasia for over 100 000 years, repeatedly enduring climates that ranged from seasonally cold to glacial. This paper reexamines the question of Neandertal cold adaptation using updated fossil, physiological, and archaeological evidence. While some populations lived outside glacial extremes, all faced periodic cold stress, and their survival depended on a diverse set of strategies. Technological buffers, including fire…
Ilium morphological variation during growth in forager populations
Human pelvic morphology has often been described in terms of an evolutionary compromise between bipedalism, encephalization, and obstetrics; however, recent research has argued that the pelvis is more biologically plastic than previously thought. Variation in pelvic form exists among adult modern human populations, but the factors influencing this variation, and when it manifests during growth, remain to be understood. The aim of this study is to…
Biology (15 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (15 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (10 works) · Demography (9 works) · Anatomy (8 works) · Geography (8 works) · Ecology (6 works) · Ontogeny (6 works) · Population (6 works) · Anatomy (5 works)