Ezekiel Emanuel
Biographic Data
| ID | 5559187 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ezekiel Emanuel |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ezekiel |
| FAMILY NAME | Emanuel |
| SIGNATURE | EMANUEL E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Pennsylvania |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9796-5735 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 8 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Avoiding four fallacies in the fair allocation of influenza countermeasures
BOX The COVID-19 and mpox outbreaks revealed fallacies in the principles and procedures that public health bodies around the world use to determine the distribution of scarce medical resources
Was the Allocation of Covid-19 Vaccines Globally Fair and Equitable
Determining whether an allocation is equitable requires ethical and empirical analyses, specifically answers to 3 questions: (1) What is the ethical standard for fair allocation? (2) What is the quantitative equity metric for this standard? and (3) What do the empirical data demonstrate? Two ethical standards for assessing the fair allocation of scarce medical resources have been delineated: the COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access initiative’s popula…
Sustainability in the pandemic accord
Careful consideration of ethical principles and their ramifications continues to be central to pandemic prevention, preparedness and response, as reflected in the latest iteration of the pandemic accord
Ethical and policy considerations for Covid-19 vaccination modalities
Background To investigate whether neonatal hyperglycaemia in the first postnatal week is associated with treatment-demanding retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods This is a Danish national, retrospective, case–control study of premature infants (birth period 2003–2006). Three national registers were searched, and data were linked through a unique civil registration number. The study sample consisted of 106 cases each matched with two comparis…
On the Ethics of Vaccine Nationalism
COVID-19 vaccines are likely to be scarce for years to come. Many countries, from India to the U.K., have demonstrated vaccine nationalism. What are the ethical limits to this vaccine nationalism? Neither extreme nationalism nor extreme cosmopolitanism is ethically justifiable. Instead, we propose the fair priority for residents (FPR) framework, in which governments can retain COVID-19 vaccine doses for their residents only to the extent that the…
Enhancing the WHO’s Proposed Framework for Distributing Covid-19 Vaccines Among Countries
An ethical framework for global vaccine allocation
The Fair Priority Model offers a practical way to fulfill pledges to distribute vaccines fairly and equitably
Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19
Covid-19 is officially a pandemic. It is a novel infection with serious clinical manifestations, including death, and it has reached at least 124 countries and territories. Although the ultimate course and impact of Covid-19 are uncertain, it is not merely possible but likely that the disease will produce enough severe illness to overwhelm health care infrastructure. Emerging viral pandemics “can place extraordinary and sustained demands on publi…
Publication Ethics During Public Health Emergencies Such as the Covid-19 Pandemic
Published online ahead of print May 14, 2020: e1-e2. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305686)
Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe
IMPORTANCE: The increasing legalization of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide worldwide makes it important to understand related attitudes and practices. OBJECTIVE: To review the legal status of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide and the available data on attitudes and practices. EVIDENCE REVIEW: Polling data and published surveys of the public and physicians, official state and country databases, interview studies with physicians, …
Principles for allocation of scarce medical interventions
Are Racial and Ethnic Minorities Less Willing to Participate in Health Research?
BACKGROUND: It is widely claimed that racial and ethnic minorities, especially in the US, are less willing than non-minority individuals to participate in health research. Yet, there is a paucity of empirical data to substantiate this claim. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed a comprehensive literature search to identify all published health research studies that report consent rates by race or ethnicity. We found 20 health research studies that …
Clarifying Confusions about Coercion
Research on Stored Biological Samples
David Wendler, Christine Pace, Ambrose O. Talisuna, Faustine Maiso, Christine Grady, Ezekiel Emanuel, Research on Stored Biological Samples: The Views of Ugandans, IRB: Ethics & Human Research, Vol. 27, No. 2 (Mar. - Apr., 2005), pp. 1-5
Quality of Parental Consent in a Ugandan Malaria Study
Objectives. We surveyed Ugandan parents who enrolled their children in a randomized pediatric malaria treatment trial to evaluate the parents’ levels of understanding about the treatment trial and the quality of the parents’ consents to allow their children to participate in the study. Methods. We conducted 347 interviews immediately following enrollment at 4 Ugandan sites. Results. A majority (78%) of the parents, most of whom where mothers (86%…
Interventions to Improve Research Participants' Understanding in Informed Consent for Research
CONTEXT: Available data suggest that prospective research participants may frequently not understand information disclosed to them in the informed consent process. Little is known about how understanding can be improved. OBJECTIVE: To review research on interventions to improve research participants' understanding of information disclosed in the informed consent process. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: A search of MEDLINE was performed using th…
Moral Standards for Research in Developing Countries from "Reasonable Availability" to "Fair Benefits"
Maged El Setouhy, Tsiri Agbenyega, Francis Anto, Christine Alexandra Clerk, Kwadwo A. Koram, Michael English, Rashid Juma, Catherine Molyneux, Norbert Peshu, Newton Kumwenda, Joseph Mfutso-Bengu, Malcolm Molyneux, Terrie Taylor, Doumbia Aissata Diarra, , Mamadou Sylla, Dione Youssouf, Catherine Olufunke Falade, Segun Gbadegesin, Reidar Lie, Ferdinand Mugusi, David Ngassapa, Julius Ecuru, Ambrose Talisuna, Ezekiel Emanuel, Christine Grady, Elizabe…
Wendler Et Al. Respond
We proposed conditions under which health investigators may provide research participants with less than the worldwide-best methods. Hyder poses a number of questions for this framework, and we consider his points in turn. First, as Hyder points out, current data suggest that social factors have a significant impact on health. Our claim that inequalities in health care have contributed to inequalities in health was not meant to deny the importanc…
Health Care Reform
Now might be the time, if the proposal is crafted right
Case Study
Mary N, a thirty-five-old, premenopausal woman, was diagnosed in June five years ago with inflamatory ductal carcinoma of her left breast. Between July and December she received six cycles of chemotherapy, to which she responded very well - both lymph node and breast masses regressed nearly completely. To complete her treatment, from January to March she underwent radiotherapy. In the four years since she completed the treatment there has been no…
Liberalism and Community-Based Standards of Care
On the Ethics of Vaccine Nationalism
COVID-19 vaccines are likely to be scarce for years to come. Many countries, from India to the U.K., have demonstrated vaccine nationalism. What are the ethical limits to this vaccine nationalism? Neither extreme nationalism nor extreme cosmopolitanism is ethically justifiable. Instead, we propose the fair priority for residents (FPR) framework, in which governments can retain COVID-19 vaccine doses for their residents only to the extent that the…
Enhancing the WHO’s Proposed Framework for Distributing Covid-19 Vaccines Among Countries
Publication Ethics During Public Health Emergencies Such as the Covid-19 Pandemic
Published online ahead of print May 14, 2020: e1-e2. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305686)
Quality of Parental Consent in a Ugandan Malaria Study
Objectives. We surveyed Ugandan parents who enrolled their children in a randomized pediatric malaria treatment trial to evaluate the parents’ levels of understanding about the treatment trial and the quality of the parents’ consents to allow their children to participate in the study. Methods. We conducted 347 interviews immediately following enrollment at 4 Ugandan sites. Results. A majority (78%) of the parents, most of whom where mothers (86%…
Liberalism and Community-Based Standards of Care
Case Study
Mary N, a thirty-five-old, premenopausal woman, was diagnosed in June five years ago with inflamatory ductal carcinoma of her left breast. Between July and December she received six cycles of chemotherapy, to which she responded very well - both lymph node and breast masses regressed nearly completely. To complete her treatment, from January to March she underwent radiotherapy. In the four years since she completed the treatment there has been no…
Health Care Reform
Now might be the time, if the proposal is crafted right
Interventions to Improve Research Participants' Understanding in Informed Consent for Research
CONTEXT: Available data suggest that prospective research participants may frequently not understand information disclosed to them in the informed consent process. Little is known about how understanding can be improved. OBJECTIVE: To review research on interventions to improve research participants' understanding of information disclosed in the informed consent process. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: A search of MEDLINE was performed using th…
Moral Standards for Research in Developing Countries from "Reasonable Availability" to "Fair Benefits"
Maged El Setouhy, Tsiri Agbenyega, Francis Anto, Christine Alexandra Clerk, Kwadwo A. Koram, Michael English, Rashid Juma, Catherine Molyneux, Norbert Peshu, Newton Kumwenda, Joseph Mfutso-Bengu, Malcolm Molyneux, Terrie Taylor, Doumbia Aissata Diarra, , Mamadou Sylla, Dione Youssouf, Catherine Olufunke Falade, Segun Gbadegesin, Reidar Lie, Ferdinand Mugusi, David Ngassapa, Julius Ecuru, Ambrose Talisuna, Ezekiel Emanuel, Christine Grady, Elizabe…
Wendler Et Al. Respond
We proposed conditions under which health investigators may provide research participants with less than the worldwide-best methods. Hyder poses a number of questions for this framework, and we consider his points in turn. First, as Hyder points out, current data suggest that social factors have a significant impact on health. Our claim that inequalities in health care have contributed to inequalities in health was not meant to deny the importanc…
Are Racial and Ethnic Minorities Less Willing to Participate in Health Research?
BACKGROUND: It is widely claimed that racial and ethnic minorities, especially in the US, are less willing than non-minority individuals to participate in health research. Yet, there is a paucity of empirical data to substantiate this claim. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed a comprehensive literature search to identify all published health research studies that report consent rates by race or ethnicity. We found 20 health research studies that …
Clarifying Confusions about Coercion
Research on Stored Biological Samples
David Wendler, Christine Pace, Ambrose O. Talisuna, Faustine Maiso, Christine Grady, Ezekiel Emanuel, Research on Stored Biological Samples: The Views of Ugandans, IRB: Ethics & Human Research, Vol. 27, No. 2 (Mar. - Apr., 2005), pp. 1-5
Quality of Parental Consent in a Ugandan Malaria Study
Objectives. We surveyed Ugandan parents who enrolled their children in a randomized pediatric malaria treatment trial to evaluate the parents’ levels of understanding about the treatment trial and the quality of the parents’ consents to allow their children to participate in the study. Methods. We conducted 347 interviews immediately following enrollment at 4 Ugandan sites. Results. A majority (78%) of the parents, most of whom where mothers (86%…
Principles for allocation of scarce medical interventions
Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe
IMPORTANCE: The increasing legalization of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide worldwide makes it important to understand related attitudes and practices. OBJECTIVE: To review the legal status of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide and the available data on attitudes and practices. EVIDENCE REVIEW: Polling data and published surveys of the public and physicians, official state and country databases, interview studies with physicians, …
An ethical framework for global vaccine allocation
The Fair Priority Model offers a practical way to fulfill pledges to distribute vaccines fairly and equitably
Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19
Covid-19 is officially a pandemic. It is a novel infection with serious clinical manifestations, including death, and it has reached at least 124 countries and territories. Although the ultimate course and impact of Covid-19 are uncertain, it is not merely possible but likely that the disease will produce enough severe illness to overwhelm health care infrastructure. Emerging viral pandemics “can place extraordinary and sustained demands on publi…
Publication Ethics During Public Health Emergencies Such as the Covid-19 Pandemic
Published online ahead of print May 14, 2020: e1-e2. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305686)
Ethical and policy considerations for Covid-19 vaccination modalities
Background To investigate whether neonatal hyperglycaemia in the first postnatal week is associated with treatment-demanding retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods This is a Danish national, retrospective, case–control study of premature infants (birth period 2003–2006). Three national registers were searched, and data were linked through a unique civil registration number. The study sample consisted of 106 cases each matched with two comparis…
On the Ethics of Vaccine Nationalism
COVID-19 vaccines are likely to be scarce for years to come. Many countries, from India to the U.K., have demonstrated vaccine nationalism. What are the ethical limits to this vaccine nationalism? Neither extreme nationalism nor extreme cosmopolitanism is ethically justifiable. Instead, we propose the fair priority for residents (FPR) framework, in which governments can retain COVID-19 vaccine doses for their residents only to the extent that the…
Enhancing the WHO’s Proposed Framework for Distributing Covid-19 Vaccines Among Countries
Sustainability in the pandemic accord
Careful consideration of ethical principles and their ramifications continues to be central to pandemic prevention, preparedness and response, as reflected in the latest iteration of the pandemic accord
Avoiding four fallacies in the fair allocation of influenza countermeasures
BOX The COVID-19 and mpox outbreaks revealed fallacies in the principles and procedures that public health bodies around the world use to determine the distribution of scarce medical resources
Was the Allocation of Covid-19 Vaccines Globally Fair and Equitable
Determining whether an allocation is equitable requires ethical and empirical analyses, specifically answers to 3 questions: (1) What is the ethical standard for fair allocation? (2) What is the quantitative equity metric for this standard? and (3) What do the empirical data demonstrate? Two ethical standards for assessing the fair allocation of scarce medical resources have been delineated: the COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access initiative’s popula…
Medicine (15 works) · Political science (9 works) · Law (7 works) · Economics (6 works) · Ethics in Clinical Research (6 works) · Nursing (6 works) · Environmental health (5 works) · Pandemic (5 works) · Psychology (5 works) · Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy (5 works)