Robert M Kalin
Biographic Data
| ID | 5597085 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert M Kalin |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert M |
| FAMILY NAME | Kalin |
| SIGNATURE | KALIN R M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Strathclyde |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3768-3848 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 12 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 36 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 12 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
The Status of Sanitation in Malawi
Ensuring access to adequate and equitable sanitation and ending open defecation by 2030 is the focus of Sustainable Development Goal 6.2 (SDG6.2). We evaluated Malawi's progress towards SDG 6.2 (specifically the goal to end open defecation), presenting the results of a national survey of over 200,000 sanitary facilities and evaluating their management. Based on non-linear population dynamics, we used a linear model to evaluate the reduction in op…
Post-Brexit implications for transboundary groundwater management along the Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland border
There are multiple transboundary groundwater bodies shared between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland that are currently managed jointly through the EU Water Framework Directive. In 2016 the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union and consequently, there are uncertainties regarding the future status of groundwater management between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland in regards to future UK environmental policy. This …
A plausible hydrological scenario for the Bølling-Allerød atmospheric methane increase
The glacial record has shown that atmospheric methane concentrations have fluctuated in the past, particularly during the Bølling-Allerød interstadial. We used an inverse photochemical carbon- cycle model to interpret the magnitude of effect that glacial-interglacial atmospheric methane variations have on the global carbon cycle. The results of this modelling suggest that an observed variation in atmospheric 14 C during this time period may be th…
Radiocarbon Dating of Buried Trees and Climate Change in West-Central Oklahoma
Eleven radiocarbon dates and tree-ring analyses of 3 juniper logs demonstrate the potential for 14 C analysis of buried logs in the American Midwest. Three junipers ( cf. Juniperus virginiana ) were recovered from 9.20, 10.50, and 10.60 m in the fill of Carnegie Canyon, west-central Oklahoma. Their 14 C ages are calibrated between 3300 and 2800 yr ago. A negative correlation of tree rings and ∆ 14 C ( p = 0.013) supports the findings of Schmidt a…
High-Precision "Wiggle-Matching" in Radiocarbon Dating
High-Sensitivity Radiocarbon Dating in the 50,000 to 70,000 bp Range without Isotopic Enrichment
Calculations show the possibility of detecting 14 C remaining after 10 or 11 decay half-lives in natural materials, such as wood, using commercially available liquid scintillation (LS) detectors. Assuming in-situ 14 C production has contributed insignificantly to the measured 14 C, one can calculate finite ages approaching 70 ka. In practice, defensible finite age determinations involve careful considerations of several critical elements in the p…
A New Tree-Ring Width, δ 13 C and 14 C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site
We have made isotopic and dendrochronologic measurements on material collected from the Two Creeks site. Radiocarbon dating of outside wood of four logs yielded an average age of 11,760 ± 100 BP, in good agreement with results of Broecker and Farrand (1963) over 25 years ago. The range of 11,640 ± 160 to 11,900 ± 160 BP suggests a period of forest growth of 200–300 years, consistent with a ring-width chronology established by Kaiser (1987). Ring …
A Suggested Quality Assurance Protocol for Radiocarbon Dating Laboratories
The current intercomparison of data from 14 C laboratories reveals significant variability among liquid scintillation laboratories, suggesting that identical samples submitted to different laboratories may yield values that differ by much more than expected on a purely statistical basis. Erroneous dates (recently corrected) by a well-established 14 C laboratory give rise to further concern for quality 14 C data. Thus, it is incumbent on each labo…
A Beta Test Comparison Between the New Packard 2260 XL and the LKB Quantulus and 1219 SM
A Packard 2260 XL liquid scintillation counter was placed in an underground counting chamber to test performance under immense physical shielding. Results from the Packard 2260 XL are compared with two other counters under the same conditions, the LKB Quantulus, which has operated for two years in this laboratory, and the LKB 1219 SM, in use since January 1988
An Inexpensive Upgrade of Older Liquid Scintillation Equipment for Radiocarbon Dating
We have replaced the original control electronics and added remote computer control to our Packard Instrument Tri-Carb 460C LSC. The total cost of materials to achieve this was <$1200; ca 200 hr were spent on design and programming, and installation was complete in 30 min. Our system has spectral analysis in 1/2 Kev resolution utilizing the existing 4096 channel multi-channel analyzer, and user-friendly error checking for the mechanical systems. …
Radiocarbon Data Base
The “C14” data base, designed and implemented at the University of Arizona Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, uses Q&A, an artificial intelligence data file management program. The data entered into this data base are easily retrievable and exportable for submission to RADIOCARBON , and to the International Radiocarbon Data Base (IRDB). The use of artificial intelligence allows both novice and experienced computer operators to search and retrieve dat…
Radiocarbon Dating With the Quantulus in an Underground Counting Laboratory
The University of Arizona Radiocarbon Laboratory purchased a state-of-the-art LKB Quantulus LSC and placed it into a new underground counting chamber. We have investigated the performance of the Quantulus in this setting comparing different vial types, checking background sources and experimenting with sample size
A Suggested Quality Assurance Protocol for Radiocarbon Dating Laboratories
The current intercomparison of data from 14 C laboratories reveals significant variability among liquid scintillation laboratories, suggesting that identical samples submitted to different laboratories may yield values that differ by much more than expected on a purely statistical basis. Erroneous dates (recently corrected) by a well-established 14 C laboratory give rise to further concern for quality 14 C data. Thus, it is incumbent on each labo…
High-Sensitivity Radiocarbon Dating in the 50,000 to 70,000 bp Range without Isotopic Enrichment
Calculations show the possibility of detecting 14 C remaining after 10 or 11 decay half-lives in natural materials, such as wood, using commercially available liquid scintillation (LS) detectors. Assuming in-situ 14 C production has contributed insignificantly to the measured 14 C, one can calculate finite ages approaching 70 ka. In practice, defensible finite age determinations involve careful considerations of several critical elements in the p…
A New Tree-Ring Width, δ 13 C and 14 C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site
We have made isotopic and dendrochronologic measurements on material collected from the Two Creeks site. Radiocarbon dating of outside wood of four logs yielded an average age of 11,760 ± 100 BP, in good agreement with results of Broecker and Farrand (1963) over 25 years ago. The range of 11,640 ± 160 to 11,900 ± 160 BP suggests a period of forest growth of 200–300 years, consistent with a ring-width chronology established by Kaiser (1987). Ring …
Radiocarbon Dating With the Quantulus in an Underground Counting Laboratory
The University of Arizona Radiocarbon Laboratory purchased a state-of-the-art LKB Quantulus LSC and placed it into a new underground counting chamber. We have investigated the performance of the Quantulus in this setting comparing different vial types, checking background sources and experimenting with sample size
High-Precision "Wiggle-Matching" in Radiocarbon Dating
A Beta Test Comparison Between the New Packard 2260 XL and the LKB Quantulus and 1219 SM
A Packard 2260 XL liquid scintillation counter was placed in an underground counting chamber to test performance under immense physical shielding. Results from the Packard 2260 XL are compared with two other counters under the same conditions, the LKB Quantulus, which has operated for two years in this laboratory, and the LKB 1219 SM, in use since January 1988
Radiocarbon Data Base
The “C14” data base, designed and implemented at the University of Arizona Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, uses Q&A, an artificial intelligence data file management program. The data entered into this data base are easily retrievable and exportable for submission to RADIOCARBON , and to the International Radiocarbon Data Base (IRDB). The use of artificial intelligence allows both novice and experienced computer operators to search and retrieve dat…
A Beta Test Comparison Between the New Packard 2260 XL and the LKB Quantulus and 1219 SM
A Packard 2260 XL liquid scintillation counter was placed in an underground counting chamber to test performance under immense physical shielding. Results from the Packard 2260 XL are compared with two other counters under the same conditions, the LKB Quantulus, which has operated for two years in this laboratory, and the LKB 1219 SM, in use since January 1988
An Inexpensive Upgrade of Older Liquid Scintillation Equipment for Radiocarbon Dating
We have replaced the original control electronics and added remote computer control to our Packard Instrument Tri-Carb 460C LSC. The total cost of materials to achieve this was <$1200; ca 200 hr were spent on design and programming, and installation was complete in 30 min. Our system has spectral analysis in 1/2 Kev resolution utilizing the existing 4096 channel multi-channel analyzer, and user-friendly error checking for the mechanical systems. …
Radiocarbon Data Base
The “C14” data base, designed and implemented at the University of Arizona Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, uses Q&A, an artificial intelligence data file management program. The data entered into this data base are easily retrievable and exportable for submission to RADIOCARBON , and to the International Radiocarbon Data Base (IRDB). The use of artificial intelligence allows both novice and experienced computer operators to search and retrieve dat…
Radiocarbon Dating With the Quantulus in an Underground Counting Laboratory
The University of Arizona Radiocarbon Laboratory purchased a state-of-the-art LKB Quantulus LSC and placed it into a new underground counting chamber. We have investigated the performance of the Quantulus in this setting comparing different vial types, checking background sources and experimenting with sample size
A Suggested Quality Assurance Protocol for Radiocarbon Dating Laboratories
The current intercomparison of data from 14 C laboratories reveals significant variability among liquid scintillation laboratories, suggesting that identical samples submitted to different laboratories may yield values that differ by much more than expected on a purely statistical basis. Erroneous dates (recently corrected) by a well-established 14 C laboratory give rise to further concern for quality 14 C data. Thus, it is incumbent on each labo…
High-Sensitivity Radiocarbon Dating in the 50,000 to 70,000 bp Range without Isotopic Enrichment
Calculations show the possibility of detecting 14 C remaining after 10 or 11 decay half-lives in natural materials, such as wood, using commercially available liquid scintillation (LS) detectors. Assuming in-situ 14 C production has contributed insignificantly to the measured 14 C, one can calculate finite ages approaching 70 ka. In practice, defensible finite age determinations involve careful considerations of several critical elements in the p…
A New Tree-Ring Width, δ 13 C and 14 C Investigation of the Two Creeks Site
We have made isotopic and dendrochronologic measurements on material collected from the Two Creeks site. Radiocarbon dating of outside wood of four logs yielded an average age of 11,760 ± 100 BP, in good agreement with results of Broecker and Farrand (1963) over 25 years ago. The range of 11,640 ± 160 to 11,900 ± 160 BP suggests a period of forest growth of 200–300 years, consistent with a ring-width chronology established by Kaiser (1987). Ring …
High-Precision "Wiggle-Matching" in Radiocarbon Dating
Radiocarbon Dating of Buried Trees and Climate Change in West-Central Oklahoma
Eleven radiocarbon dates and tree-ring analyses of 3 juniper logs demonstrate the potential for 14 C analysis of buried logs in the American Midwest. Three junipers ( cf. Juniperus virginiana ) were recovered from 9.20, 10.50, and 10.60 m in the fill of Carnegie Canyon, west-central Oklahoma. Their 14 C ages are calibrated between 3300 and 2800 yr ago. A negative correlation of tree rings and ∆ 14 C ( p = 0.013) supports the findings of Schmidt a…
A plausible hydrological scenario for the Bølling-Allerød atmospheric methane increase
The glacial record has shown that atmospheric methane concentrations have fluctuated in the past, particularly during the Bølling-Allerød interstadial. We used an inverse photochemical carbon- cycle model to interpret the magnitude of effect that glacial-interglacial atmospheric methane variations have on the global carbon cycle. The results of this modelling suggest that an observed variation in atmospheric 14 C during this time period may be th…
Post-Brexit implications for transboundary groundwater management along the Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland border
There are multiple transboundary groundwater bodies shared between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland that are currently managed jointly through the EU Water Framework Directive. In 2016 the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union and consequently, there are uncertainties regarding the future status of groundwater management between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland in regards to future UK environmental policy. This …
The Status of Sanitation in Malawi
Ensuring access to adequate and equitable sanitation and ending open defecation by 2030 is the focus of Sustainable Development Goal 6.2 (SDG6.2). We evaluated Malawi's progress towards SDG 6.2 (specifically the goal to end open defecation), presenting the results of a national survey of over 200,000 sanitary facilities and evaluating their management. Based on non-linear population dynamics, we used a linear model to evaluate the reduction in op…
Geology (10 works) · Radiocarbon dating (9 works) · Geography (7 works) · Archaeology (6 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (6 works) · Chemistry (6 works) · Environmental Science (6 works) · Physics (5 works) · Absolute dating (4 works) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (4 works)