M B Parkes
Biographic Data
| ID | 5625709 |
|---|---|
| NAME | M B Parkes |
| GIVEN NAMES | M B |
| FAMILY NAME | Parkes |
| SIGNATURE | PARKES M B |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Oxford |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 18 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 24 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 18 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1962 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2018 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Pages from the Past
Latin Autograph Manuscripts
Antiquity
Literacy was the product of a conservative educational tradition in which teaching was directed towards the preparation of pupils for effective public speaking. There is little evidence before the sixth century that guides to phrasing - punctuation originated with the author. No manuscript containing a work in the author&s;s own handwriting has survived from Antiquity; this absence of autograph material has been attributed to the practice of dict…
Carolingian Renovatio
The principles of the new grammar of legibility were conveyed to the continent by scribes and books. Irish and Anglo-Saxon missionaries taught their scribal practices to pupils in new foundations where insular script flourished for many years. Anglo-Saxon manuscripts were copied by continental scribes who reproduced features of their exemplars. Books were produced on a scale without precedent, and Carolingian scribes copied a much wider range of …
The Development of the General Repertory of Punctuation
Word separation had been fully developed, and scribes began to exploit details of handwriting to ensure that individual letter forms were read as parts of larger patterns the word, the phrase and the sentence. The general repertory of punctuation developed from a progressive amalgamation of elements drawn from different earlier systems of punctuation, and was augmented from other specialized systems which appeared during the course of the Middle …
Changing Attitudes to the Written Word
Members of Christian communities developed a keen sense of the role played by the written word in preserving and fostering orthodox tradition handed down by the Church, and in transmitting that heritage to new generations. Their appreciation of the importance of this role generated a new attitude to the written word, which promoted it to the position of a medium in its own right, whose function was no longer seen to be wholly dependent upon the s…
The Requirements of Public Worship
The forms of worship are the chief memorials and declarations of Christian doctrine. The opus dei was the principal occupation of the monk, whereas for the laity and many of the clergy in the Middle Ages the forms of prayer and activity in public worship expressed and safeguarded the character of the Christian faith: lex orandi lex credendi . Texts were intoned where necessary in order that they might be heard by all members of an assembled congr…
Influences on the Application of Punctuation
Ancient discussions of the process of reading indicate that, when a reader was declaiming or reading aloud, he was expected to introduce pauses at the ends of larger structures and certain shorter ones within the paragraph. According to the grammarians these pauses were assigned arbitrary time values, the main feature of which is that they were graded in relation to each other. The discussions in the works of grammarians and rhetoricians reveal t…
The Layout and Punctuation of Verse
The role of punctuation in verse is inextricably bound up with the functions of layout and the graphic manifestation of rhyme in the presentation of texts for readers. This complex of graphic features also reflects the different ways in which readers have perceived prosodic structures, and the interaction between these and other rhetorical and logical structures embodied in verse texts. At the most basic level a poem exhibits a rhythmic structure…
The Technology of Printing and the Stabilization of the Symbols
The art of printing by moveable types involved a number of preliminary stages. Type-cutters engraved letter-punches which were then struck into softer metal bars to create matrices, and these, together with a specially invented mould, made possible the casting of types in sufficient quantities. The earliest printers reproduced the forms of the marks of punctuation which appeared in the manuscripts used for copy. In the sixteenth century as a wide…
Pause and Effect
From its publication in 1992 Pause and Effect has become a cornerstone of the study of punctuation across the world. Described as 'magisterial' by Lynne Truss in her best-selling Eats, Shoots and Leaves, this book has stimulated interest and scholarly debates among writers, literary critics, philosophers, linguists, rhetoricians, palaeographers and all those who study the use of language. To celebrate this extraordinary achievement, Pause and Eff…
Guide to Scripts Used in English Writings up to 1500 . Jane Roberts
The English Medieval Book
Journal Article The English Medieval Book: Studies in Memory of Jeremy Griffiths, ed. A. S. G. Edwards, Vincent Gillespie and Ralph Hanna (London: The British Library, 2000; pp. 264. £45) Get access M.B. Parkes M.B. Parkes Keble College, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume 116, Issue 469, November 2001, Pages 1257–1258, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/116.469.1257 Publi…
Rædan, areccan smeagan
The Middle Ages inherited from antiquity a tradition of reading which embraced the four functions of grammatical studies ( grammaticae officia ): lectio, emendatio, enarratio and iudicium . Lectio was the process whereby a reader had to identify elements of the text — letters, syllables, words and sentences ( discretio ) — in order to read it aloud according to the accentuation required by the sense ( pronuntiatio ). Emendatio , a process entaile…
A fragment of an early-tenth-century Anglo-Saxon manuscript and its significance
Cambridge, Magdalene College, Pepys Library 2981 is a large album which Pepys described as ‘My Calligraphical Collection vol. 1’. It contains ‘Original Proofs of Antient Hand-Writing English & Forreign between the Years 700 & 1500’ in the form of fragments from manuscripts pasted down firmly on each of the album's paper pages. Notes are written round the margins of the pages and incorporate ‘the Opinion of that Eminent Critick in re Diplomaticâ, …
The palaeography of the Parker manuscript of the Chronicle , laws and Sedulius, and historiography at Winchester in the late ninth and tenth centuries
The Parker manuscript, Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 173, is generally recognized to be the earliest surviving copy of the compilation known as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle . It cannot be the original since it contains various scribal errors including dislocation in the chronology, yet its physical characteristics reflect all the major divisions in the text recognized by modern scholars: it seems to reflect the nature and sometimes even the form…
The manuscript of the Leiden Riddle
In April 1970 I was fortunate enough to have the opportunity to examine Leiden, Bibliotheek der Rijksuniversiteit, Vossius Lat. 4° 106, 25v, the page containing the text of the Leiden Riddle (see pl. I), under extremely strong early morning sunlight. Strong sunlight combines the advantage of ordinary light with, to a much lesser degree, the advantages of both infra-red and ultra-violet light whilst permitting a prolonged and close scrutiny of the…
Short Notices
Journal Article Short Notices Get access M. B. PARKES M. B. PARKES Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXVII, Issue CCCII, January 1962, Pages 129–130, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXVII.CCCII.129 Published: 01 January 1962
Pause and Effect
From its publication in 1992 Pause and Effect has become a cornerstone of the study of punctuation across the world. Described as 'magisterial' by Lynne Truss in her best-selling Eats, Shoots and Leaves, this book has stimulated interest and scholarly debates among writers, literary critics, philosophers, linguists, rhetoricians, palaeographers and all those who study the use of language. To celebrate this extraordinary achievement, Pause and Eff…
The palaeography of the Parker manuscript of the Chronicle , laws and Sedulius, and historiography at Winchester in the late ninth and tenth centuries
The Parker manuscript, Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 173, is generally recognized to be the earliest surviving copy of the compilation known as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle . It cannot be the original since it contains various scribal errors including dislocation in the chronology, yet its physical characteristics reflect all the major divisions in the text recognized by modern scholars: it seems to reflect the nature and sometimes even the form…
A fragment of an early-tenth-century Anglo-Saxon manuscript and its significance
Cambridge, Magdalene College, Pepys Library 2981 is a large album which Pepys described as ‘My Calligraphical Collection vol. 1’. It contains ‘Original Proofs of Antient Hand-Writing English & Forreign between the Years 700 & 1500’ in the form of fragments from manuscripts pasted down firmly on each of the album's paper pages. Notes are written round the margins of the pages and incorporate ‘the Opinion of that Eminent Critick in re Diplomaticâ, …
Short Notices
Journal Article Short Notices Get access M. B. PARKES M. B. PARKES Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXVII, Issue CCCII, January 1962, Pages 129–130, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXVII.CCCII.129 Published: 01 January 1962
The manuscript of the Leiden Riddle
In April 1970 I was fortunate enough to have the opportunity to examine Leiden, Bibliotheek der Rijksuniversiteit, Vossius Lat. 4° 106, 25v, the page containing the text of the Leiden Riddle (see pl. I), under extremely strong early morning sunlight. Strong sunlight combines the advantage of ordinary light with, to a much lesser degree, the advantages of both infra-red and ultra-violet light whilst permitting a prolonged and close scrutiny of the…
The palaeography of the Parker manuscript of the Chronicle , laws and Sedulius, and historiography at Winchester in the late ninth and tenth centuries
The Parker manuscript, Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 173, is generally recognized to be the earliest surviving copy of the compilation known as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle . It cannot be the original since it contains various scribal errors including dislocation in the chronology, yet its physical characteristics reflect all the major divisions in the text recognized by modern scholars: it seems to reflect the nature and sometimes even the form…
A fragment of an early-tenth-century Anglo-Saxon manuscript and its significance
Cambridge, Magdalene College, Pepys Library 2981 is a large album which Pepys described as ‘My Calligraphical Collection vol. 1’. It contains ‘Original Proofs of Antient Hand-Writing English & Forreign between the Years 700 & 1500’ in the form of fragments from manuscripts pasted down firmly on each of the album's paper pages. Notes are written round the margins of the pages and incorporate ‘the Opinion of that Eminent Critick in re Diplomaticâ, …
Rædan, areccan smeagan
The Middle Ages inherited from antiquity a tradition of reading which embraced the four functions of grammatical studies ( grammaticae officia ): lectio, emendatio, enarratio and iudicium . Lectio was the process whereby a reader had to identify elements of the text — letters, syllables, words and sentences ( discretio ) — in order to read it aloud according to the accentuation required by the sense ( pronuntiatio ). Emendatio , a process entaile…
The English Medieval Book
Journal Article The English Medieval Book: Studies in Memory of Jeremy Griffiths, ed. A. S. G. Edwards, Vincent Gillespie and Ralph Hanna (London: The British Library, 2000; pp. 264. £45) Get access M.B. Parkes M.B. Parkes Keble College, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume 116, Issue 469, November 2001, Pages 1257–1258, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/116.469.1257 Publi…
Guide to Scripts Used in English Writings up to 1500 . Jane Roberts
Antiquity
Literacy was the product of a conservative educational tradition in which teaching was directed towards the preparation of pupils for effective public speaking. There is little evidence before the sixth century that guides to phrasing - punctuation originated with the author. No manuscript containing a work in the author&s;s own handwriting has survived from Antiquity; this absence of autograph material has been attributed to the practice of dict…
Carolingian Renovatio
The principles of the new grammar of legibility were conveyed to the continent by scribes and books. Irish and Anglo-Saxon missionaries taught their scribal practices to pupils in new foundations where insular script flourished for many years. Anglo-Saxon manuscripts were copied by continental scribes who reproduced features of their exemplars. Books were produced on a scale without precedent, and Carolingian scribes copied a much wider range of …
The Development of the General Repertory of Punctuation
Word separation had been fully developed, and scribes began to exploit details of handwriting to ensure that individual letter forms were read as parts of larger patterns the word, the phrase and the sentence. The general repertory of punctuation developed from a progressive amalgamation of elements drawn from different earlier systems of punctuation, and was augmented from other specialized systems which appeared during the course of the Middle …
Changing Attitudes to the Written Word
Members of Christian communities developed a keen sense of the role played by the written word in preserving and fostering orthodox tradition handed down by the Church, and in transmitting that heritage to new generations. Their appreciation of the importance of this role generated a new attitude to the written word, which promoted it to the position of a medium in its own right, whose function was no longer seen to be wholly dependent upon the s…
The Requirements of Public Worship
The forms of worship are the chief memorials and declarations of Christian doctrine. The opus dei was the principal occupation of the monk, whereas for the laity and many of the clergy in the Middle Ages the forms of prayer and activity in public worship expressed and safeguarded the character of the Christian faith: lex orandi lex credendi . Texts were intoned where necessary in order that they might be heard by all members of an assembled congr…
Influences on the Application of Punctuation
Ancient discussions of the process of reading indicate that, when a reader was declaiming or reading aloud, he was expected to introduce pauses at the ends of larger structures and certain shorter ones within the paragraph. According to the grammarians these pauses were assigned arbitrary time values, the main feature of which is that they were graded in relation to each other. The discussions in the works of grammarians and rhetoricians reveal t…
The Layout and Punctuation of Verse
The role of punctuation in verse is inextricably bound up with the functions of layout and the graphic manifestation of rhyme in the presentation of texts for readers. This complex of graphic features also reflects the different ways in which readers have perceived prosodic structures, and the interaction between these and other rhetorical and logical structures embodied in verse texts. At the most basic level a poem exhibits a rhythmic structure…
The Technology of Printing and the Stabilization of the Symbols
The art of printing by moveable types involved a number of preliminary stages. Type-cutters engraved letter-punches which were then struck into softer metal bars to create matrices, and these, together with a specially invented mould, made possible the casting of types in sufficient quantities. The earliest printers reproduced the forms of the marks of punctuation which appeared in the manuscripts used for copy. In the sixteenth century as a wide…
Pause and Effect
From its publication in 1992 Pause and Effect has become a cornerstone of the study of punctuation across the world. Described as 'magisterial' by Lynne Truss in her best-selling Eats, Shoots and Leaves, this book has stimulated interest and scholarly debates among writers, literary critics, philosophers, linguists, rhetoricians, palaeographers and all those who study the use of language. To celebrate this extraordinary achievement, Pause and Eff…
Pages from the Past
Latin Autograph Manuscripts
Computer Science (11 works) · Art (10 works) · History (8 works) · Philosophy (8 works) · Linguistics (7 works) · Literature (7 works) · Medieval Literature and History (6 works) · Punctuation (5 works) · Classics (4 works) · Classics (4 works)