Stephen G Stradling
Biographic Data
| ID | 5709194 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stephen G Stradling |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stephen G |
| FAMILY NAME | Stradling |
| SIGNATURE | STRADLING S G |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Manchester |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 27 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 13 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Application of the theory of planned behaviour to the prediction of objectively assessed breaking of posted speed limits
In two studies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) including moral norms, anticipated regret and past behaviour was applied to predicting intention to exceed the posted speed limit across different roads and objectively assessed speeding behaviour. All measures except behaviour were taken by self-report questionnaires referring to different driving scenarios. The behaviour measures were based on performance in a simulator (Study 1) or unobtrusi…
Translating the psychobiology of post‐traumatic stress disorder into clinically useful analogy
Psychological theorizing about post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has developed considerably since early behavioural formulations (Brewin, Dalgleish, & Joseph, 1996; Mowrer, 1960) and there have been parallel developments in biological understanding (Yehuda, 1998). However clinical practice has not been affected by the new psychobiology. It is suggested that it is possible to translate this new understanding into a clinically useful analogy th…
The role of social deviance and violations in predicting road traffic accidents in a sample of young offenders
Lawton, Parker, Stradling & Manstead (1997) examined the relationship between mild social deviance (West, Elander & French, 1993 a ), driving violations and road traffic accident involvement in a sample of 830 drivers. The relationship between mild social deviance and accident involvement was shown to be partly mediated by propensity to commit driving violations and by factors associated with driver age. The present research replicates and extend…
Self-reported Attitude Towards Speeding and Its Possible Consequences in Five Different Road Contexts
Driving above the permitted speed limit is a common violation on the roads of Great Britain. Moreover, speeding is associated with negative consequences in the form of damage, injury and fatal road traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to assess, by means of self-report, the prevalence of this social problem across five different contexts: a residential road, a busy shopping street, a dual carriageway, a winding country road, and a motorwa…
Predicting road traffic accidents
A study by West, Elander & French (1993 a ) examining the relationship between mild social deviance and accident rates on the road was extended and replicated. West et al. (1993 a ) report that the relationship between mild social deviance and accident rates was partly mediated by faster driving speed. The aim of the present research was to determine whether a broader measure of road traffic violations would fully mediate the relationship between…
Stress and Organizational Culture
Extending the theory of planned behaviour
This study assesses the sufficiency of Ajzen's (1985) theory of planned behaviour in predicting intentions to commit each of three driving violations involving poor lane discipline: cutting across traffic to leave a motorway; weaving in and out of two lanes of slow‐moving traffic; and overtaking on the inside. Behavioural intention was predicted reasonably well by the three main constructs of the theory of planned behaviour. However, the addition…
Changes in self‐concept during occupational socialization of new recruits to the police
In a cross‐sectional study five groups of male recruits ( n = 369; ages 21 to 36) to a large English provincial police force were tested: one group at entry, three groups at different stages of their 2‐year probationary period (one at one‐quarter, one at one‐half and one at three‐quarters of the way through) and one immediately after the probationary period. Significant group effects were found on all 27 items of a set of self‐concept statements,…
Dimensions of perceived stress in a British police force
70% of a sample of Constables, Sergeants and Inspectors from a large provincial British police force reported regularly feeling stressed. Officers rated the stressfulness of 24 occupations (including police officer), 23 police role and organizational Stressors (e.g. poor shift patterns), and 20 typical policing tasks (e.g. dealing with sudden death). Factor analyses identified the dimensions underlying each set. A number of policing tasks (e.g. d…
Positive‐negative asymmetry in normative data
Three samples, consisting of 200 traits, 200 nouns and 200 verbs taken from the Toglia et al. (1978) verbal norms, were analysed for evidence of positive‐negative asymmetry. Within each sample the items were ordered on a general positive‐negative index, and a systematic series of dichotomizations was carried out, ranging from S per cent negative to 95 per cent negative. It was found that the partial correlation of pleasingness with the positive‐n…
Errors and violations on the roads
In considering the human contribution to accidents, it seems necessary to make a distinction between errors and violations; two forms of aberration which may have different psychological origins and demand different modes of remediation. The present study investigated whether this distinction was justified for self-reported driver behaviour. Five hundred and twenty drivers completed a driver behaviour questionnaire (DBQ) which asked them to judge…
Social facilitation and driver behaviour
Audience effects on individual behaviour have often been interpreted in terms of increased arousal, which in turn enhances the emission of dominant responses. However, such drive‐based explanations do not readily fit all of the evidence on audience effects. The present study examined the influence on driver behaviour of the presence of a passenger. The main findings were that the incidence of both signalling and speeding appeared to be reduced by…
Maximum salience vs. golden section proportions in judgemental asymmetry
Three separate sections of a questionnaire administered to 232 university students were found to exhibit a marked asymmetry. Two of the sections were judgemental dichotomies; the third was a five‐point scale of agreement/disagreement. The asymmetries on the two dichotomous measures were consistent both with the ‘golden section’ proportion and with a bias towards a probability of 1/ e (the proportion at which salience is maximized) for negative ra…
Application of the theory of planned behaviour to the prediction of objectively assessed breaking of posted speed limits
In two studies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) including moral norms, anticipated regret and past behaviour was applied to predicting intention to exceed the posted speed limit across different roads and objectively assessed speeding behaviour. All measures except behaviour were taken by self-report questionnaires referring to different driving scenarios. The behaviour measures were based on performance in a simulator (Study 1) or unobtrusi…
Stress and Organizational Culture
Changes in self‐concept during occupational socialization of new recruits to the police
In a cross‐sectional study five groups of male recruits ( n = 369; ages 21 to 36) to a large English provincial police force were tested: one group at entry, three groups at different stages of their 2‐year probationary period (one at one‐quarter, one at one‐half and one at three‐quarters of the way through) and one immediately after the probationary period. Significant group effects were found on all 27 items of a set of self‐concept statements,…
Dimensions of perceived stress in a British police force
70% of a sample of Constables, Sergeants and Inspectors from a large provincial British police force reported regularly feeling stressed. Officers rated the stressfulness of 24 occupations (including police officer), 23 police role and organizational Stressors (e.g. poor shift patterns), and 20 typical policing tasks (e.g. dealing with sudden death). Factor analyses identified the dimensions underlying each set. A number of policing tasks (e.g. d…
Social facilitation and driver behaviour
Audience effects on individual behaviour have often been interpreted in terms of increased arousal, which in turn enhances the emission of dominant responses. However, such drive‐based explanations do not readily fit all of the evidence on audience effects. The present study examined the influence on driver behaviour of the presence of a passenger. The main findings were that the incidence of both signalling and speeding appeared to be reduced by…
Maximum salience vs. golden section proportions in judgemental asymmetry
Three separate sections of a questionnaire administered to 232 university students were found to exhibit a marked asymmetry. Two of the sections were judgemental dichotomies; the third was a five‐point scale of agreement/disagreement. The asymmetries on the two dichotomous measures were consistent both with the ‘golden section’ proportion and with a bias towards a probability of 1/ e (the proportion at which salience is maximized) for negative ra…
The role of social deviance and violations in predicting road traffic accidents in a sample of young offenders
Lawton, Parker, Stradling & Manstead (1997) examined the relationship between mild social deviance (West, Elander & French, 1993 a ), driving violations and road traffic accident involvement in a sample of 830 drivers. The relationship between mild social deviance and accident involvement was shown to be partly mediated by propensity to commit driving violations and by factors associated with driver age. The present research replicates and extend…
Maximum salience vs. golden section proportions in judgemental asymmetry
Three separate sections of a questionnaire administered to 232 university students were found to exhibit a marked asymmetry. Two of the sections were judgemental dichotomies; the third was a five‐point scale of agreement/disagreement. The asymmetries on the two dichotomous measures were consistent both with the ‘golden section’ proportion and with a bias towards a probability of 1/ e (the proportion at which salience is maximized) for negative ra…
Errors and violations on the roads
In considering the human contribution to accidents, it seems necessary to make a distinction between errors and violations; two forms of aberration which may have different psychological origins and demand different modes of remediation. The present study investigated whether this distinction was justified for self-reported driver behaviour. Five hundred and twenty drivers completed a driver behaviour questionnaire (DBQ) which asked them to judge…
Social facilitation and driver behaviour
Audience effects on individual behaviour have often been interpreted in terms of increased arousal, which in turn enhances the emission of dominant responses. However, such drive‐based explanations do not readily fit all of the evidence on audience effects. The present study examined the influence on driver behaviour of the presence of a passenger. The main findings were that the incidence of both signalling and speeding appeared to be reduced by…
Positive‐negative asymmetry in normative data
Three samples, consisting of 200 traits, 200 nouns and 200 verbs taken from the Toglia et al. (1978) verbal norms, were analysed for evidence of positive‐negative asymmetry. Within each sample the items were ordered on a general positive‐negative index, and a systematic series of dichotomizations was carried out, ranging from S per cent negative to 95 per cent negative. It was found that the partial correlation of pleasingness with the positive‐n…
Changes in self‐concept during occupational socialization of new recruits to the police
In a cross‐sectional study five groups of male recruits ( n = 369; ages 21 to 36) to a large English provincial police force were tested: one group at entry, three groups at different stages of their 2‐year probationary period (one at one‐quarter, one at one‐half and one at three‐quarters of the way through) and one immediately after the probationary period. Significant group effects were found on all 27 items of a set of self‐concept statements,…
Dimensions of perceived stress in a British police force
70% of a sample of Constables, Sergeants and Inspectors from a large provincial British police force reported regularly feeling stressed. Officers rated the stressfulness of 24 occupations (including police officer), 23 police role and organizational Stressors (e.g. poor shift patterns), and 20 typical policing tasks (e.g. dealing with sudden death). Factor analyses identified the dimensions underlying each set. A number of policing tasks (e.g. d…
Extending the theory of planned behaviour
This study assesses the sufficiency of Ajzen's (1985) theory of planned behaviour in predicting intentions to commit each of three driving violations involving poor lane discipline: cutting across traffic to leave a motorway; weaving in and out of two lanes of slow‐moving traffic; and overtaking on the inside. Behavioural intention was predicted reasonably well by the three main constructs of the theory of planned behaviour. However, the addition…
Stress and Organizational Culture
Self-reported Attitude Towards Speeding and Its Possible Consequences in Five Different Road Contexts
Driving above the permitted speed limit is a common violation on the roads of Great Britain. Moreover, speeding is associated with negative consequences in the form of damage, injury and fatal road traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to assess, by means of self-report, the prevalence of this social problem across five different contexts: a residential road, a busy shopping street, a dual carriageway, a winding country road, and a motorwa…
Predicting road traffic accidents
A study by West, Elander & French (1993 a ) examining the relationship between mild social deviance and accident rates on the road was extended and replicated. West et al. (1993 a ) report that the relationship between mild social deviance and accident rates was partly mediated by faster driving speed. The aim of the present research was to determine whether a broader measure of road traffic violations would fully mediate the relationship between…
The role of social deviance and violations in predicting road traffic accidents in a sample of young offenders
Lawton, Parker, Stradling & Manstead (1997) examined the relationship between mild social deviance (West, Elander & French, 1993 a ), driving violations and road traffic accident involvement in a sample of 830 drivers. The relationship between mild social deviance and accident involvement was shown to be partly mediated by propensity to commit driving violations and by factors associated with driver age. The present research replicates and extend…
Translating the psychobiology of post‐traumatic stress disorder into clinically useful analogy
Psychological theorizing about post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has developed considerably since early behavioural formulations (Brewin, Dalgleish, & Joseph, 1996; Mowrer, 1960) and there have been parallel developments in biological understanding (Yehuda, 1998). However clinical practice has not been affected by the new psychobiology. It is suggested that it is possible to translate this new understanding into a clinically useful analogy th…
Application of the theory of planned behaviour to the prediction of objectively assessed breaking of posted speed limits
In two studies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) including moral norms, anticipated regret and past behaviour was applied to predicting intention to exceed the posted speed limit across different roads and objectively assessed speeding behaviour. All measures except behaviour were taken by self-report questionnaires referring to different driving scenarios. The behaviour measures were based on performance in a simulator (Study 1) or unobtrusi…
Psychology (13 works) · Social Psychology (11 works) · Poison control (6 works) · Human Factors and Ergonomics (5 works) · Mathematics (5 works) · Medicine (5 works) · Statistics (5 works) · Traffic and Road Safety (5 works) · Medical emergency (4 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (4 works)