W Engelbrecht
Biographic Data
| ID | 57107 |
|---|---|
| NAME | W Engelbrecht |
| GIVEN NAMES | W |
| FAMILY NAME | Engelbrecht |
| SIGNATURE | ENGELBRECHT W |
| AFFILIATIONS | Buffalo State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7549-2826 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 16 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 111 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 16 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1972 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Differentiating Chipped Stone Perforators from Gravers
Chipped stone tools termed perforators and gravers are characterized by projections. Although the implied function of these tool types differs, there are no guidelines for classifying perforators and gravers based on their morphology. Consequently, researchers classify these tools differently, which precludes meaningful comparisons of the frequencies of these types between assemblages. A use-wear study confirmed the hypothesis that specimens with…
Understanding Chipped Stone Drills from an Iroquoian Village Site
Eighty-one complete chipped stone drills and 115 drill fragments were recovered from excavations at the Eaton site in western New York. The major occupation was an Iroquoian village dating to the mid-sixteenth century. The number of drills far exceeds the number of drilled objects from the same site. Use wear on nineteen specimens indicates their use on soft to medium resistance materials which were not preserved at the site. Consideration of chi…
Rethinking Stone Drill Manufacture
Drills and projectile points from a site often share a similar shaped base, and it is typically assumed that these drills are reworked hafted points. Measurements of triangular-shaped drills and triangular arrow points from an Iroquoian site indicate that, on average, these drills had narrower bases and were thicker than points. Additionally, most preserved point foreshafts from the western United States are too short if used as a simple drill sh…
Patterning in a large sample of retouched unifacial tools
Broken points and social cohesion in Iroquoian villages: A point refit study
Biography of Jack Holland (1926-2014): Chert expert
Jack was born and grew up in Lock Haven Pennsylvania, the son of William G. Holland and Florence (Davies) Holland. He had an older brother, William and a younger brother, Donald. Jack spent much of his boyhood roaming the surrounding flood plains of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River looking for arrowheads. As Jack recalled, his parents gave him a great deal of freedom, just asking that he be home in time for dinner. Dr. T. B. Stewart, a Lo…
Interpreting Broken Arrow Points
This paper compares unnotched triangular arrow point refits (conjoined fragments) with whole points from the Eaton site in New York. The differences between the two samples are significant, suggesting that point typologies based on whole points may be misleading. Refits tended to have greater length to width ratios and lower thickness to length ratios, rendering them less durable. While lack of durability is generally considered to be a negative …
Gunflints and Musket Balls: Implications for the Occupational History of the Eaton Site and the Niagara Frontier
The multicomponent Eaton site in West Seneca, New York, was the focus of a long-term archaeological project. While the major emphasis was the excavation of a mid-16th-century Iroquoian village, all artifacts are being analyzed. These include 12 gunflints and 8 musket balls deposited at some point after the abandonment of the Iroquoian village. This article describes these objects, their distribution and dating, and the implications of these artif…
Unnotched Triangular Points on Village Sites
Unnotched triangular arrowpoínts and point fragments are sometimes found in large numbers on village sites in the Midwest and East. The possible reason or reasons for this are rarely considered. These points were used for both warfare and hunting. An attack on a village with a volley of arrows provides the most obvious explanation for large numbers of points and point fragments. Alternatively, using arrowpoints that detached within their target p…
Northern Iroquoian Ethnic Evolution: A Social Network Analysis
In Mohawk Country: Early Narratives about a Native People
Paleoindian Watercraft: Evidence and Implications
Most researchers have not taken the probable presence of boats into account in formulating Paleoindian adaptive models. While no physical remains of Paleoindian watercraft have been identified, the existence of such boats can be inferred from diverse lines of evidence including the presence of antecedent watercraft in Asia, the difficulty of crossing from Asia to the Americas without watercraft, and early settlements on islands. This article expl…
Stress and Warfare Among the Kayenta Anasazi of the Thirteenth Century A.D
Map of the Four Corners region
Factors Maintaining Low Population Density among the Prehistoric New York Iroquois
There is generally thought to be a direct link between the inception of farming and population growth. Here I question that assumption by examining how a group of shifting cultivators, the New York State Iroquois, maintained a relatively low population density. Boserup (1965) argued that population growth should be regarded as an independent variable or prime mover in understanding agricultural development, a notion that is still widely held. In …
The Iroquois: Archaeological patterning on the tribal level
This study attempts to infer aspects of early seventeenth‐century Iroquois political organization from archaeological information, especially the existence of the League of the Iroquois. Ceramic patterning within and between Iroquois village sites was considered. The existence of the League of the Iroquois was not reflected ceramically. The relevance of the results to questions concerning warfare, trade and the emergence of a new tribe were then …
Archeology: Onondaga Iroquois Prehistory: A Study in Settlement Archaeology. James A. Tuck
Northern Iroquoian Ethnic Evolution: A Social Network Analysis
Stress and Warfare Among the Kayenta Anasazi of the Thirteenth Century A.D
Map of the Four Corners region
The Iroquois: Archaeological patterning on the tribal level
This study attempts to infer aspects of early seventeenth‐century Iroquois political organization from archaeological information, especially the existence of the League of the Iroquois. Ceramic patterning within and between Iroquois village sites was considered. The existence of the League of the Iroquois was not reflected ceramically. The relevance of the results to questions concerning warfare, trade and the emergence of a new tribe were then …
Paleoindian Watercraft: Evidence and Implications
Most researchers have not taken the probable presence of boats into account in formulating Paleoindian adaptive models. While no physical remains of Paleoindian watercraft have been identified, the existence of such boats can be inferred from diverse lines of evidence including the presence of antecedent watercraft in Asia, the difficulty of crossing from Asia to the Americas without watercraft, and early settlements on islands. This article expl…
Factors Maintaining Low Population Density among the Prehistoric New York Iroquois
There is generally thought to be a direct link between the inception of farming and population growth. Here I question that assumption by examining how a group of shifting cultivators, the New York State Iroquois, maintained a relatively low population density. Boserup (1965) argued that population growth should be regarded as an independent variable or prime mover in understanding agricultural development, a notion that is still widely held. In …
Interpreting Broken Arrow Points
This paper compares unnotched triangular arrow point refits (conjoined fragments) with whole points from the Eaton site in New York. The differences between the two samples are significant, suggesting that point typologies based on whole points may be misleading. Refits tended to have greater length to width ratios and lower thickness to length ratios, rendering them less durable. While lack of durability is generally considered to be a negative …
Unnotched Triangular Points on Village Sites
Unnotched triangular arrowpoínts and point fragments are sometimes found in large numbers on village sites in the Midwest and East. The possible reason or reasons for this are rarely considered. These points were used for both warfare and hunting. An attack on a village with a volley of arrows provides the most obvious explanation for large numbers of points and point fragments. Alternatively, using arrowpoints that detached within their target p…
Gunflints and Musket Balls: Implications for the Occupational History of the Eaton Site and the Niagara Frontier
The multicomponent Eaton site in West Seneca, New York, was the focus of a long-term archaeological project. While the major emphasis was the excavation of a mid-16th-century Iroquoian village, all artifacts are being analyzed. These include 12 gunflints and 8 musket balls deposited at some point after the abandonment of the Iroquoian village. This article describes these objects, their distribution and dating, and the implications of these artif…
Rethinking Stone Drill Manufacture
Drills and projectile points from a site often share a similar shaped base, and it is typically assumed that these drills are reworked hafted points. Measurements of triangular-shaped drills and triangular arrow points from an Iroquoian site indicate that, on average, these drills had narrower bases and were thicker than points. Additionally, most preserved point foreshafts from the western United States are too short if used as a simple drill sh…
Understanding Chipped Stone Drills from an Iroquoian Village Site
Eighty-one complete chipped stone drills and 115 drill fragments were recovered from excavations at the Eaton site in western New York. The major occupation was an Iroquoian village dating to the mid-sixteenth century. The number of drills far exceeds the number of drilled objects from the same site. Use wear on nineteen specimens indicates their use on soft to medium resistance materials which were not preserved at the site. Consideration of chi…
Patterning in a large sample of retouched unifacial tools
Archeology: Onondaga Iroquois Prehistory: A Study in Settlement Archaeology. James A. Tuck
The Iroquois: Archaeological patterning on the tribal level
This study attempts to infer aspects of early seventeenth‐century Iroquois political organization from archaeological information, especially the existence of the League of the Iroquois. Ceramic patterning within and between Iroquois village sites was considered. The existence of the League of the Iroquois was not reflected ceramically. The relevance of the results to questions concerning warfare, trade and the emergence of a new tribe were then …
Factors Maintaining Low Population Density among the Prehistoric New York Iroquois
There is generally thought to be a direct link between the inception of farming and population growth. Here I question that assumption by examining how a group of shifting cultivators, the New York State Iroquois, maintained a relatively low population density. Boserup (1965) argued that population growth should be regarded as an independent variable or prime mover in understanding agricultural development, a notion that is still widely held. In …
Paleoindian Watercraft: Evidence and Implications
Most researchers have not taken the probable presence of boats into account in formulating Paleoindian adaptive models. While no physical remains of Paleoindian watercraft have been identified, the existence of such boats can be inferred from diverse lines of evidence including the presence of antecedent watercraft in Asia, the difficulty of crossing from Asia to the Americas without watercraft, and early settlements on islands. This article expl…
Stress and Warfare Among the Kayenta Anasazi of the Thirteenth Century A.D
Map of the Four Corners region
In Mohawk Country: Early Narratives about a Native People
Northern Iroquoian Ethnic Evolution: A Social Network Analysis
Gunflints and Musket Balls: Implications for the Occupational History of the Eaton Site and the Niagara Frontier
The multicomponent Eaton site in West Seneca, New York, was the focus of a long-term archaeological project. While the major emphasis was the excavation of a mid-16th-century Iroquoian village, all artifacts are being analyzed. These include 12 gunflints and 8 musket balls deposited at some point after the abandonment of the Iroquoian village. This article describes these objects, their distribution and dating, and the implications of these artif…
Unnotched Triangular Points on Village Sites
Unnotched triangular arrowpoínts and point fragments are sometimes found in large numbers on village sites in the Midwest and East. The possible reason or reasons for this are rarely considered. These points were used for both warfare and hunting. An attack on a village with a volley of arrows provides the most obvious explanation for large numbers of points and point fragments. Alternatively, using arrowpoints that detached within their target p…
Biography of Jack Holland (1926-2014): Chert expert
Jack was born and grew up in Lock Haven Pennsylvania, the son of William G. Holland and Florence (Davies) Holland. He had an older brother, William and a younger brother, Donald. Jack spent much of his boyhood roaming the surrounding flood plains of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River looking for arrowheads. As Jack recalled, his parents gave him a great deal of freedom, just asking that he be home in time for dinner. Dr. T. B. Stewart, a Lo…
Interpreting Broken Arrow Points
This paper compares unnotched triangular arrow point refits (conjoined fragments) with whole points from the Eaton site in New York. The differences between the two samples are significant, suggesting that point typologies based on whole points may be misleading. Refits tended to have greater length to width ratios and lower thickness to length ratios, rendering them less durable. While lack of durability is generally considered to be a negative …
Broken points and social cohesion in Iroquoian villages: A point refit study
Patterning in a large sample of retouched unifacial tools
Rethinking Stone Drill Manufacture
Drills and projectile points from a site often share a similar shaped base, and it is typically assumed that these drills are reworked hafted points. Measurements of triangular-shaped drills and triangular arrow points from an Iroquoian site indicate that, on average, these drills had narrower bases and were thicker than points. Additionally, most preserved point foreshafts from the western United States are too short if used as a simple drill sh…
Understanding Chipped Stone Drills from an Iroquoian Village Site
Eighty-one complete chipped stone drills and 115 drill fragments were recovered from excavations at the Eaton site in western New York. The major occupation was an Iroquoian village dating to the mid-sixteenth century. The number of drills far exceeds the number of drilled objects from the same site. Use wear on nineteen specimens indicates their use on soft to medium resistance materials which were not preserved at the site. Consideration of chi…
Differentiating Chipped Stone Perforators from Gravers
Chipped stone tools termed perforators and gravers are characterized by projections. Although the implied function of these tool types differs, there are no guidelines for classifying perforators and gravers based on their morphology. Consequently, researchers classify these tools differently, which precludes meaningful comparisons of the frequencies of these types between assemblages. A use-wear study confirmed the hypothesis that specimens with…
Archaeology (13 works) · History (12 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (10 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · History (7 works) · Geography (6 works) · Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies (6 works) · Mathematics (5 works) · Geology (4 works) · Geometry (4 works)