Sarah T Malamut
Biographic Data
| ID | 5757797 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sarah T Malamut |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sarah T |
| FAMILY NAME | Malamut |
| SIGNATURE | MALAMUT S T |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Turku |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5907-2752 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 59 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2018 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
The link between co-rumination and mood problems in victimized adolescents: A daily diary study
This pre-registered daily diary study examined the extent to which daily co-rumination with friends after experiencing victimization may exacerbate victimized youths’ daily mood problems, considering both within- and between-person perspectives. For 15 consecutive school days, n = 1,669 Finnish seventh- to ninth-grade adolescents ( M age = 14.45; 55.5% girl) filled in daily questionnaires about victimization, co-ruminating about victimization, an…
Does the classroom context moderate the effects of internalizing problems and peer status on peer victimization? Testing a vulnerability-by-context model
This two-wave study investigated whether the concurrent and prospective effects of internalizing symptoms and peer status (being liked/disliked) on peer-reported and self-reported victimization were moderated by the classroom prevalence of internalizing symptoms and peer status, respectively, and by classroom size. Multilevel regression analyses were conducted with data collected from 2,641 Finnish secondary school students ( M age = 13.71; 48.8%…
Introduction to the special section on predictors and outcomes of peer victimization
The eight longitudinal studies published in this special section rely on data from five countries and on rigorous methodologies (such as genetically sensitive, multilevel, or experimental designs) to shed light on predictors and outcomes of peer victimization at school. This introduction highlights the main questions addressed by the current set of studies. First, we present studies which sought to identify the factors that a) put children and yo…
Do fear of victimization and importance of being popular predict victim-defending and bully-following behaviors
This study investigates whether fear of victimization and finding popularity important are concurrently and prospectively associated with engaging in bystander behaviors (i.e., bully-following, confronting defending, comforting defending) in school bullying situations. Participants included 2,709 Finnish adolescents in Grades 7–9 ( M age = 13.79, SD = .95; 51.5% boys). Contrary to expectations, fear of victimization did not predict a lower likeli…
Retrieving past experiences to inform novel decisions through a process of cascading episodic sampling
We can guide our decisions in novel situations by drawing on our past experiences (episodic memories). While at times we can retrieve relevant episodes via cued recall, other situations may require a process of memory search. But what mechanisms underlie this search? In this work we synthesize six key principles concerning the storage and retrieval of episodic memories, and build on these principles to propose a cognitive mechanism which allows f…
Young Adults' Social Relationships Affect Their Likelihood of Ruminating About Past School‐Age Victimization
Rumination about past victimization as an adult underlies the link between school‐age victimization and mental health difficulties in young adulthood. Yet, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the risk factors for adults to ruminate on their past victimization experiences. The current study fills this gap by examining whether current social relationships (e.g., workplace victimization, loneliness, romantic relationship satisfaction) of young ad…
Defending Behavior and Victimization: Between- and Within-Person Associations
Anti-bullying interventions often encourage peer bystanders to defend their victimized peers. However, concerns have been raised that defending could put youth at risk for being victimized themselves. Despite these concerns, there is limited research on the longitudinal links between defending and victimization. Addressing limitations of previous research, the current study examined bidirectional associations between three types of peer-reported …
Heterogeneity of adolescent bullying perpetrators: Subtypes based on victimization and peer status
We identified different types of adolescent bullying perpetrators and nonbullies based on peer-reported bullying, victimization, and peer status (popularity, likeability, and rejection) and examined differences between bully subtypes in typical forms of bullying perpetrated. Moreover, we studied how bully subtypes differed from nonbullies with varying levels of victimization and peer status in academic and psychosocial adjustment. The study utili…
Standard Deviation vs. Gini Coefficient: Effects of Different Indicators of Classroom Status Hierarchy on Bullying Behavior
Classroom status hierarchy (the degree to which popularity is unequally distributed in a classroom) has often been examined as a predictor of bullying. Although most research has relied on an operationalization of status hierarchy as the classroom standard deviation (SD) of popularity, other fields (e.g., sociology, economics) have typically measured resource inequality using the Gini coefficient. This multilevel study examines the concurrent and…
The longitudinal role of classroom defending norms in victims’ psychological adjustment, causal attributions, and social comparisons
Frequent exposure to victimization by peers is related to greater psychological problems. It is often assumed that peer victimization is associated with fewer psychological problems in classrooms where defending victims of bullying is common (i.e., a norm). The few studies testing this claim have been cross-sectional and have produced mixed findings. The current preregistered study examined whether the prospective link between victimization and p…
Does defending victimized peers put youth at risk of being victimized
Defending peers who have been bullied is often thought to put defenders at risk of becoming victimized themselves. The study investigated the concurrent and prospective associations between defending and (peer- and self-reported) victimization, and examined popularity and classroom norms as potential moderators. Participants included 4085 Finnish youth (43.9% boys; M age = 14.56, SD = .75; 97% born in Finland). Concurrently, defending was positiv…
Peer victimization and empathy for victims of bullying: A test of bidirectional associations in childhood and adolescence
Anti-bullying interventions often assume that knowing how it feels to be bullied increases empathy for victims. However, longitudinal research on actual experiences of bullying and empathy is lacking. This study investigated whether within-person changes in victimization predicted changes in empathy over 1 year using random-intercept cross-lagged panel models. Self- and peer-reported victimization, and cognitive and affective empathy for victims …
Does defending affect adolescents' peer status, or vice versa? Testing the moderating effects of empathy, gender, and anti‐bullying norms
This study examined bidirectional associations between students' bully-directed defending behavior and their peer status (being liked or popular) and tested for the moderating role of empathy, gender, and classroom anti-bullying norms. Three waves of data were collected at 4-5-month time intervals among 3680 Finnish adolescents (M age = 13.94, 53.0% girls). Cross-lagged panel analyses showed that defending positively predicted popularity and, to …
Adolescent victimization predicts adult depression and aggression: The role of rumination
Victimization during school years can have detrimental effects on individuals' adjustment, lasting even into adulthood. In the current study, we examine whether there is an indirect effect of victimization on adult depression and aggression, via sad and angry rumination about past victimization. Participants included 1,319 Finnish individuals (59.5% identified as women; 97.4 native Finns) who were followed from adolescence into adulthood ( M age …
Differences in Aggression and Alcohol Use among Youth with Varying Levels of Victimization and Popularity Status
Awareness that high-status adolescents can be targets of aggression has grown in recent years. However, questions remain about the associations of the confluence of victimization and popularity with adjustment. The current study fills this gap by examining the joint and unique effects of victimization and popularity on aggression and alcohol use. Participants were 804 Dutch adolescents (50.2% boys, M age = 13.65) who were followed for one year. H…
Is aggression associated with biased perceptions of one’s acceptance and rejection in adolescence
In adolescence, being rejected by one's peers is positively associated with aggression. However, whether self-perceptions of being rejected or accepted by peers, and biases in these perceptions, are linked to aggression remains unclear, as the literature points to 2 perspectives: Youth are more likely to be aggressive when they (a) know or believe that they are rejected or (b) overestimate their acceptance. By addressing some of the limitations o…
Why Does Classroom-Level Victimization Moderate the Association Between Victimization and Depressive Symptoms? The “Healthy Context Paradox” and Two Explanations
The present longitudinal study examined how and why classroom-level victimization moderates the prospective association between peer victimization and depressive symptoms with 2,643 third- and fourth-graders (Mage = 10.01 years) in China. Multilevel modeling revealed that peer victimization was more strongly associated with increasing depressive symptoms in classrooms with lower classroom-level victimization. Moreover, two mechanisms were identif…
Bullying Prevention in Adolescence: Solutions and New Challenges from the Past Decade
Bullying among youth at school continues to be a global challenge. Being exposed to bullying may be especially hurtful in adolescence, a vulnerable period during which both peer group belonging and status become key concerns. In the current review, we first summarize the effectiveness of the solutions that were offered a decade ago in the form of anti‐bullying programs. We proceed by highlighting some intriguing challenges concomitant to, or emer…
Adolescent Victim Types Across the Popularity Status Hierarchy: Differences in Internalizing Symptoms
Previous studies have called attention to the fact that popular youth are not immune to peer victimization, suggesting there is heterogeneity in the popularity of victims. Yet, no study to date has determined whether victims with different levels of popularity status can be identified using person-oriented analysis. Such analysis is critically needed to confirm the existence of popular victims. Further, there remains a paucity of research on inte…
Bidirectional Associations between Popularity, Popularity Goal, and Aggression, Alcohol Use and Prosocial Behaviors in Adolescence: A 3-Year Prospective Longitudinal Study
Adolescents’ popularity and popularity goal have been shown to be related to their aggression and alcohol use. As intervention efforts increasingly aim to focus on prosocial alternatives for youth to gain status, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of how popularity and popularity goal are associated with aggression and substance use as well as prosocial behaviors over time. The current study examined the bidirectional associati…
Dyadic nominations of bullying: Comparing types of bullies and their victims
Previous studies indicate that when identifying individuals involved in bullying, the concordance between self‐ and peer‐ reports is low to moderate. There is support that self‐ and peer‐ identified victims constitute distinct types of victims and differ in adjustment. Likewise, differentiating between self‐ and peer‐ reports of bullying may also reveal distinct types of bullies. The goal of this study was to examine differences between types of …
Prospective Associations between Popularity, Victimization, and Aggression in Early Adolescence
Recent research has highlighted an understudied phenomenon in the peer victimization literature thus far: the overlap between high status (i.e., popularity) and victimization. However, the research on this phenomenon has primarily been cross-sectional. The current investigation uses a longitudinal design to address two questions related to high-status victims. First, the present study examined prospective associations between popularity and two f…
Popularity Among Peer Role Models: A Moderator of Peer Victimization and Depressive Symptoms
This short-term, longitudinal study examines evidence that the level of popularity among adolescents’ peer role models exacerbates the emotional impact of mistreatment by peers. We recruited 469 adolescents (255 boys, 214 girls; [Formula: see text] age = 12.7 years) from an ethnically diverse middle school and followed these youth for a 1-year period. We collected identical measurement batteries in two consecutive waves. Participants completed a …
Distinct Modalities of Electronic Communication and School Adjustment
Cross-Ethnic Friendships, Intergroup Attitudes, Intragroup Social Costs, and Depressive Symptoms among Asian-American and Latino-American Youth
Does defending affect adolescents' peer status, or vice versa? Testing the moderating effects of empathy, gender, and anti‐bullying norms
This study examined bidirectional associations between students' bully-directed defending behavior and their peer status (being liked or popular) and tested for the moderating role of empathy, gender, and classroom anti-bullying norms. Three waves of data were collected at 4-5-month time intervals among 3680 Finnish adolescents (M age = 13.94, 53.0% girls). Cross-lagged panel analyses showed that defending positively predicted popularity and, to …
Bidirectional Associations between Popularity, Popularity Goal, and Aggression, Alcohol Use and Prosocial Behaviors in Adolescence: A 3-Year Prospective Longitudinal Study
Adolescents’ popularity and popularity goal have been shown to be related to their aggression and alcohol use. As intervention efforts increasingly aim to focus on prosocial alternatives for youth to gain status, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of how popularity and popularity goal are associated with aggression and substance use as well as prosocial behaviors over time. The current study examined the bidirectional associati…
Dyadic nominations of bullying: Comparing types of bullies and their victims
Previous studies indicate that when identifying individuals involved in bullying, the concordance between self‐ and peer‐ reports is low to moderate. There is support that self‐ and peer‐ identified victims constitute distinct types of victims and differ in adjustment. Likewise, differentiating between self‐ and peer‐ reports of bullying may also reveal distinct types of bullies. The goal of this study was to examine differences between types of …
Prospective Associations between Popularity, Victimization, and Aggression in Early Adolescence
Recent research has highlighted an understudied phenomenon in the peer victimization literature thus far: the overlap between high status (i.e., popularity) and victimization. However, the research on this phenomenon has primarily been cross-sectional. The current investigation uses a longitudinal design to address two questions related to high-status victims. First, the present study examined prospective associations between popularity and two f…
Cross-Ethnic Friendships, Intergroup Attitudes, Intragroup Social Costs, and Depressive Symptoms among Asian-American and Latino-American Youth
Characteristics of rumors and rumor victims in early adolescence: Rumor content and social impact
Despite the prominence of rumor spreading in early adolescence, little research has examined the features of rumors during this developmental period. To address this gap in the literature, we analyzed rumor reports in a longitudinal study from fifth to seventh grades to identify subtypes of rumor content and to investigate gender and grade differences, the social impact of rumors, and victims’ social status across rumor content. In seventh grade,…
Adolescent Victim Types Across the Popularity Status Hierarchy: Differences in Internalizing Symptoms
Previous studies have called attention to the fact that popular youth are not immune to peer victimization, suggesting there is heterogeneity in the popularity of victims. Yet, no study to date has determined whether victims with different levels of popularity status can be identified using person-oriented analysis. Such analysis is critically needed to confirm the existence of popular victims. Further, there remains a paucity of research on inte…
Adolescent victimization predicts adult depression and aggression: The role of rumination
Victimization during school years can have detrimental effects on individuals' adjustment, lasting even into adulthood. In the current study, we examine whether there is an indirect effect of victimization on adult depression and aggression, via sad and angry rumination about past victimization. Participants included 1,319 Finnish individuals (59.5% identified as women; 97.4 native Finns) who were followed from adolescence into adulthood ( M age …
The longitudinal role of classroom defending norms in victims’ psychological adjustment, causal attributions, and social comparisons
Frequent exposure to victimization by peers is related to greater psychological problems. It is often assumed that peer victimization is associated with fewer psychological problems in classrooms where defending victims of bullying is common (i.e., a norm). The few studies testing this claim have been cross-sectional and have produced mixed findings. The current preregistered study examined whether the prospective link between victimization and p…
Differences in Aggression and Alcohol Use among Youth with Varying Levels of Victimization and Popularity Status
Awareness that high-status adolescents can be targets of aggression has grown in recent years. However, questions remain about the associations of the confluence of victimization and popularity with adjustment. The current study fills this gap by examining the joint and unique effects of victimization and popularity on aggression and alcohol use. Participants were 804 Dutch adolescents (50.2% boys, M age = 13.65) who were followed for one year. H…
Is aggression associated with biased perceptions of one’s acceptance and rejection in adolescence
In adolescence, being rejected by one's peers is positively associated with aggression. However, whether self-perceptions of being rejected or accepted by peers, and biases in these perceptions, are linked to aggression remains unclear, as the literature points to 2 perspectives: Youth are more likely to be aggressive when they (a) know or believe that they are rejected or (b) overestimate their acceptance. By addressing some of the limitations o…
Defending Behavior and Victimization: Between- and Within-Person Associations
Anti-bullying interventions often encourage peer bystanders to defend their victimized peers. However, concerns have been raised that defending could put youth at risk for being victimized themselves. Despite these concerns, there is limited research on the longitudinal links between defending and victimization. Addressing limitations of previous research, the current study examined bidirectional associations between three types of peer-reported …
Heterogeneity of adolescent bullying perpetrators: Subtypes based on victimization and peer status
We identified different types of adolescent bullying perpetrators and nonbullies based on peer-reported bullying, victimization, and peer status (popularity, likeability, and rejection) and examined differences between bully subtypes in typical forms of bullying perpetrated. Moreover, we studied how bully subtypes differed from nonbullies with varying levels of victimization and peer status in academic and psychosocial adjustment. The study utili…
Distinct Modalities of Electronic Communication and School Adjustment
Characteristics of rumors and rumor victims in early adolescence: Rumor content and social impact
Despite the prominence of rumor spreading in early adolescence, little research has examined the features of rumors during this developmental period. To address this gap in the literature, we analyzed rumor reports in a longitudinal study from fifth to seventh grades to identify subtypes of rumor content and to investigate gender and grade differences, the social impact of rumors, and victims’ social status across rumor content. In seventh grade,…
Popularity Among Peer Role Models: A Moderator of Peer Victimization and Depressive Symptoms
This short-term, longitudinal study examines evidence that the level of popularity among adolescents’ peer role models exacerbates the emotional impact of mistreatment by peers. We recruited 469 adolescents (255 boys, 214 girls; [Formula: see text] age = 12.7 years) from an ethnically diverse middle school and followed these youth for a 1-year period. We collected identical measurement batteries in two consecutive waves. Participants completed a …
Distinct Modalities of Electronic Communication and School Adjustment
Cross-Ethnic Friendships, Intergroup Attitudes, Intragroup Social Costs, and Depressive Symptoms among Asian-American and Latino-American Youth
Dyadic nominations of bullying: Comparing types of bullies and their victims
Previous studies indicate that when identifying individuals involved in bullying, the concordance between self‐ and peer‐ reports is low to moderate. There is support that self‐ and peer‐ identified victims constitute distinct types of victims and differ in adjustment. Likewise, differentiating between self‐ and peer‐ reports of bullying may also reveal distinct types of bullies. The goal of this study was to examine differences between types of …
Prospective Associations between Popularity, Victimization, and Aggression in Early Adolescence
Recent research has highlighted an understudied phenomenon in the peer victimization literature thus far: the overlap between high status (i.e., popularity) and victimization. However, the research on this phenomenon has primarily been cross-sectional. The current investigation uses a longitudinal design to address two questions related to high-status victims. First, the present study examined prospective associations between popularity and two f…
Why Does Classroom-Level Victimization Moderate the Association Between Victimization and Depressive Symptoms? The “Healthy Context Paradox” and Two Explanations
The present longitudinal study examined how and why classroom-level victimization moderates the prospective association between peer victimization and depressive symptoms with 2,643 third- and fourth-graders (Mage = 10.01 years) in China. Multilevel modeling revealed that peer victimization was more strongly associated with increasing depressive symptoms in classrooms with lower classroom-level victimization. Moreover, two mechanisms were identif…
Bullying Prevention in Adolescence: Solutions and New Challenges from the Past Decade
Bullying among youth at school continues to be a global challenge. Being exposed to bullying may be especially hurtful in adolescence, a vulnerable period during which both peer group belonging and status become key concerns. In the current review, we first summarize the effectiveness of the solutions that were offered a decade ago in the form of anti‐bullying programs. We proceed by highlighting some intriguing challenges concomitant to, or emer…
Adolescent Victim Types Across the Popularity Status Hierarchy: Differences in Internalizing Symptoms
Previous studies have called attention to the fact that popular youth are not immune to peer victimization, suggesting there is heterogeneity in the popularity of victims. Yet, no study to date has determined whether victims with different levels of popularity status can be identified using person-oriented analysis. Such analysis is critically needed to confirm the existence of popular victims. Further, there remains a paucity of research on inte…
Bidirectional Associations between Popularity, Popularity Goal, and Aggression, Alcohol Use and Prosocial Behaviors in Adolescence: A 3-Year Prospective Longitudinal Study
Adolescents’ popularity and popularity goal have been shown to be related to their aggression and alcohol use. As intervention efforts increasingly aim to focus on prosocial alternatives for youth to gain status, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of how popularity and popularity goal are associated with aggression and substance use as well as prosocial behaviors over time. The current study examined the bidirectional associati…
Differences in Aggression and Alcohol Use among Youth with Varying Levels of Victimization and Popularity Status
Awareness that high-status adolescents can be targets of aggression has grown in recent years. However, questions remain about the associations of the confluence of victimization and popularity with adjustment. The current study fills this gap by examining the joint and unique effects of victimization and popularity on aggression and alcohol use. Participants were 804 Dutch adolescents (50.2% boys, M age = 13.65) who were followed for one year. H…
Is aggression associated with biased perceptions of one’s acceptance and rejection in adolescence
In adolescence, being rejected by one's peers is positively associated with aggression. However, whether self-perceptions of being rejected or accepted by peers, and biases in these perceptions, are linked to aggression remains unclear, as the literature points to 2 perspectives: Youth are more likely to be aggressive when they (a) know or believe that they are rejected or (b) overestimate their acceptance. By addressing some of the limitations o…
Does defending victimized peers put youth at risk of being victimized
Defending peers who have been bullied is often thought to put defenders at risk of becoming victimized themselves. The study investigated the concurrent and prospective associations between defending and (peer- and self-reported) victimization, and examined popularity and classroom norms as potential moderators. Participants included 4085 Finnish youth (43.9% boys; M age = 14.56, SD = .75; 97% born in Finland). Concurrently, defending was positiv…
Peer victimization and empathy for victims of bullying: A test of bidirectional associations in childhood and adolescence
Anti-bullying interventions often assume that knowing how it feels to be bullied increases empathy for victims. However, longitudinal research on actual experiences of bullying and empathy is lacking. This study investigated whether within-person changes in victimization predicted changes in empathy over 1 year using random-intercept cross-lagged panel models. Self- and peer-reported victimization, and cognitive and affective empathy for victims …
Does defending affect adolescents' peer status, or vice versa? Testing the moderating effects of empathy, gender, and anti‐bullying norms
This study examined bidirectional associations between students' bully-directed defending behavior and their peer status (being liked or popular) and tested for the moderating role of empathy, gender, and classroom anti-bullying norms. Three waves of data were collected at 4-5-month time intervals among 3680 Finnish adolescents (M age = 13.94, 53.0% girls). Cross-lagged panel analyses showed that defending positively predicted popularity and, to …
Adolescent victimization predicts adult depression and aggression: The role of rumination
Victimization during school years can have detrimental effects on individuals' adjustment, lasting even into adulthood. In the current study, we examine whether there is an indirect effect of victimization on adult depression and aggression, via sad and angry rumination about past victimization. Participants included 1,319 Finnish individuals (59.5% identified as women; 97.4 native Finns) who were followed from adolescence into adulthood ( M age …
Heterogeneity of adolescent bullying perpetrators: Subtypes based on victimization and peer status
We identified different types of adolescent bullying perpetrators and nonbullies based on peer-reported bullying, victimization, and peer status (popularity, likeability, and rejection) and examined differences between bully subtypes in typical forms of bullying perpetrated. Moreover, we studied how bully subtypes differed from nonbullies with varying levels of victimization and peer status in academic and psychosocial adjustment. The study utili…
Standard Deviation vs. Gini Coefficient: Effects of Different Indicators of Classroom Status Hierarchy on Bullying Behavior
Classroom status hierarchy (the degree to which popularity is unequally distributed in a classroom) has often been examined as a predictor of bullying. Although most research has relied on an operationalization of status hierarchy as the classroom standard deviation (SD) of popularity, other fields (e.g., sociology, economics) have typically measured resource inequality using the Gini coefficient. This multilevel study examines the concurrent and…
The longitudinal role of classroom defending norms in victims’ psychological adjustment, causal attributions, and social comparisons
Frequent exposure to victimization by peers is related to greater psychological problems. It is often assumed that peer victimization is associated with fewer psychological problems in classrooms where defending victims of bullying is common (i.e., a norm). The few studies testing this claim have been cross-sectional and have produced mixed findings. The current preregistered study examined whether the prospective link between victimization and p…
Does the classroom context moderate the effects of internalizing problems and peer status on peer victimization? Testing a vulnerability-by-context model
This two-wave study investigated whether the concurrent and prospective effects of internalizing symptoms and peer status (being liked/disliked) on peer-reported and self-reported victimization were moderated by the classroom prevalence of internalizing symptoms and peer status, respectively, and by classroom size. Multilevel regression analyses were conducted with data collected from 2,641 Finnish secondary school students ( M age = 13.71; 48.8%…
Introduction to the special section on predictors and outcomes of peer victimization
The eight longitudinal studies published in this special section rely on data from five countries and on rigorous methodologies (such as genetically sensitive, multilevel, or experimental designs) to shed light on predictors and outcomes of peer victimization at school. This introduction highlights the main questions addressed by the current set of studies. First, we present studies which sought to identify the factors that a) put children and yo…
Do fear of victimization and importance of being popular predict victim-defending and bully-following behaviors
This study investigates whether fear of victimization and finding popularity important are concurrently and prospectively associated with engaging in bystander behaviors (i.e., bully-following, confronting defending, comforting defending) in school bullying situations. Participants included 2,709 Finnish adolescents in Grades 7–9 ( M age = 13.79, SD = .95; 51.5% boys). Contrary to expectations, fear of victimization did not predict a lower likeli…
Retrieving past experiences to inform novel decisions through a process of cascading episodic sampling
We can guide our decisions in novel situations by drawing on our past experiences (episodic memories). While at times we can retrieve relevant episodes via cued recall, other situations may require a process of memory search. But what mechanisms underlie this search? In this work we synthesize six key principles concerning the storage and retrieval of episodic memories, and build on these principles to propose a cognitive mechanism which allows f…
Young Adults' Social Relationships Affect Their Likelihood of Ruminating About Past School‐Age Victimization
Rumination about past victimization as an adult underlies the link between school‐age victimization and mental health difficulties in young adulthood. Yet, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the risk factors for adults to ruminate on their past victimization experiences. The current study fills this gap by examining whether current social relationships (e.g., workplace victimization, loneliness, romantic relationship satisfaction) of young ad…
Defending Behavior and Victimization: Between- and Within-Person Associations
Anti-bullying interventions often encourage peer bystanders to defend their victimized peers. However, concerns have been raised that defending could put youth at risk for being victimized themselves. Despite these concerns, there is limited research on the longitudinal links between defending and victimization. Addressing limitations of previous research, the current study examined bidirectional associations between three types of peer-reported …
Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression (23 works) · Psychology (23 works) · Developmental psychology (21 works) · Poison control (20 works) · Social Psychology (20 works) · Human Factors and Ergonomics (15 works) · Social Psychology (15 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (14 works) · Clinical Psychology (13 works) · Injury prevention (13 works)