William J Hoyer
Biographic Data
| ID | 5758003 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William J Hoyer |
| GIVEN NAMES | William J |
| FAMILY NAME | Hoyer |
| SIGNATURE | HOYER W J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Syracuse University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 65 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 13 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1973 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Brain Aging (Normal)
A Search-By-Clusters Model of Visual Search
A quantitative model that specified how individuals searched for targets in large arrays accurately predicted the search times and accuracies of younger and older adults
Contents, Vol. 23, 1980
Modification of Response Speed Deficits and Intellectual Performance in the Elderly
The present study represents an attempt to explain intellectual decline in old age in terms of experiential and environmental deficit notions. It was hypothesized that test-related response speed in the elderly (n = 32 females; mean age = 70) was modifiable through either practice or reinforced practice. The two-session training program not only increased response speed on the training materials, but also produced slight positive transfer to perf…
Operant Analysis of Intellectual Behavior in Old Age
Recent research on adult intellectual development indicates that there is little justification for the notion of marked intellectual decrement in the aged. Rather, the aged person appears to exhibit a pronounced degree of plasticity in intellectual performance, suggesting that it is necessary to explore environmental variables related to cognitive proficiency. An operant framework is proposed for the analysis of environment-intelligence interacti…
Conceptions of Learning and the Study of Life Span Development
Conceptions of learning have changed considerably during the past decade of psychological research and theorizing. Similarly, conceptions of development, traditionally understood in terms of organismic (active organism) or mechanistic (reactive organism) metaphors, have also changed. Recently, dialectical and ecological approaches to psychological development have appeared. A symposium was presented at the American Psychological Association meeti…
Accuracy and Qualities of Real and Suggested Memories
This study examined adult age differences in the accuracy, confidence ratings, and vividness ratings of veridical and suggested memories. After seeing either one or two exposures of a vignette depicting a theft, young adults (M = 19 years) and older adults (M = 73 years) were given misleading information that suggested the presence of particular objects in the episode. Memory accuracy was higher for younger adults than for older adults, and the f…
Age and skill in visual search
The effects of age and experience on visual-cognitive performance were examined by administering a domain-relevant visual search task and a standard letter search task to skilled and control subjects at 2 age levels (young and middle-aged adults). In the skilled task, subjects searched for a designated item within 3-item displays using images of bacteria morphology as targets and distractors. Each target was preceded by a word prime representativ…
Aging and visual search under consistent and varied mapping
Clients Nearing Death
The literature on the relationship between psychosocial events and dying and death is reviewed from a behavioral perspective. Individual control for predictability of endogenous and exogenous events is identified as an intervening construct in the relationship between the timing of death and a variety of psychosocial factors. It is then argued that behavioral self-management is a potentially useful therapeutic tool for working with clients who ar…
Age, Sex, and Social Factors in Fear of Crime
The joint or combined effects of age level, sex differences, and social factors in fear of crime are systematically investigated using elaboration analysis with 1976 NORC data. Findings reveal that while the elderly are somewhat more likely to report fear of crime when compared with young and middle-aged groups, many more women express apprehension than men at each age level. Fear of being victimized is especially prevalent among those segments o…
Aging as intraindividual change
Discontinuous Shock and Discriminated-Avoidance Learning by Tadpoles ( Rana Pipiens )
20 larval leopard frogs ( Rana pipiens) were given 40 trials per day for 5 consecutive days in a discriminated-avoidance situation. Light was used as the conditional stimulus (CS), and the unconditional stimulus (US) consisted of scrambled electric current. Ss were matched for size and assigned to 4 cells of a 2 by 2 factorial design. The factors were US intensity (0.4 ma vs 0.8 ma) and type of US (discontinuous vs continuous). Over sessions ther…
Age, Sex, and Social Factors in Fear of Crime
The joint or combined effects of age level, sex differences, and social factors in fear of crime are systematically investigated using elaboration analysis with 1976 NORC data. Findings reveal that while the elderly are somewhat more likely to report fear of crime when compared with young and middle-aged groups, many more women express apprehension than men at each age level. Fear of being victimized is especially prevalent among those segments o…
Age and skill in visual search
The effects of age and experience on visual-cognitive performance were examined by administering a domain-relevant visual search task and a standard letter search task to skilled and control subjects at 2 age levels (young and middle-aged adults). In the skilled task, subjects searched for a designated item within 3-item displays using images of bacteria morphology as targets and distractors. Each target was preceded by a word prime representativ…
Accuracy and Qualities of Real and Suggested Memories
This study examined adult age differences in the accuracy, confidence ratings, and vividness ratings of veridical and suggested memories. After seeing either one or two exposures of a vignette depicting a theft, young adults (M = 19 years) and older adults (M = 73 years) were given misleading information that suggested the presence of particular objects in the episode. Memory accuracy was higher for younger adults than for older adults, and the f…
Aging and visual search under consistent and varied mapping
Discontinuous Shock and Discriminated-Avoidance Learning by Tadpoles ( Rana Pipiens )
20 larval leopard frogs ( Rana pipiens) were given 40 trials per day for 5 consecutive days in a discriminated-avoidance situation. Light was used as the conditional stimulus (CS), and the unconditional stimulus (US) consisted of scrambled electric current. Ss were matched for size and assigned to 4 cells of a 2 by 2 factorial design. The factors were US intensity (0.4 ma vs 0.8 ma) and type of US (discontinuous vs continuous). Over sessions ther…
Aging as intraindividual change
Clients Nearing Death
The literature on the relationship between psychosocial events and dying and death is reviewed from a behavioral perspective. Individual control for predictability of endogenous and exogenous events is identified as an intervening construct in the relationship between the timing of death and a variety of psychosocial factors. It is then argued that behavioral self-management is a potentially useful therapeutic tool for working with clients who ar…
Age, Sex, and Social Factors in Fear of Crime
The joint or combined effects of age level, sex differences, and social factors in fear of crime are systematically investigated using elaboration analysis with 1976 NORC data. Findings reveal that while the elderly are somewhat more likely to report fear of crime when compared with young and middle-aged groups, many more women express apprehension than men at each age level. Fear of being victimized is especially prevalent among those segments o…
Aging and visual search under consistent and varied mapping
Age and skill in visual search
The effects of age and experience on visual-cognitive performance were examined by administering a domain-relevant visual search task and a standard letter search task to skilled and control subjects at 2 age levels (young and middle-aged adults). In the skilled task, subjects searched for a designated item within 3-item displays using images of bacteria morphology as targets and distractors. Each target was preceded by a word prime representativ…
Accuracy and Qualities of Real and Suggested Memories
This study examined adult age differences in the accuracy, confidence ratings, and vividness ratings of veridical and suggested memories. After seeing either one or two exposures of a vignette depicting a theft, young adults (M = 19 years) and older adults (M = 73 years) were given misleading information that suggested the presence of particular objects in the episode. Memory accuracy was higher for younger adults than for older adults, and the f…
Contents, Vol. 23, 1980
Modification of Response Speed Deficits and Intellectual Performance in the Elderly
The present study represents an attempt to explain intellectual decline in old age in terms of experiential and environmental deficit notions. It was hypothesized that test-related response speed in the elderly (n = 32 females; mean age = 70) was modifiable through either practice or reinforced practice. The two-session training program not only increased response speed on the training materials, but also produced slight positive transfer to perf…
Operant Analysis of Intellectual Behavior in Old Age
Recent research on adult intellectual development indicates that there is little justification for the notion of marked intellectual decrement in the aged. Rather, the aged person appears to exhibit a pronounced degree of plasticity in intellectual performance, suggesting that it is necessary to explore environmental variables related to cognitive proficiency. An operant framework is proposed for the analysis of environment-intelligence interacti…
Conceptions of Learning and the Study of Life Span Development
Conceptions of learning have changed considerably during the past decade of psychological research and theorizing. Similarly, conceptions of development, traditionally understood in terms of organismic (active organism) or mechanistic (reactive organism) metaphors, have also changed. Recently, dialectical and ecological approaches to psychological development have appeared. A symposium was presented at the American Psychological Association meeti…
A Search-By-Clusters Model of Visual Search
A quantitative model that specified how individuals searched for targets in large arrays accurately predicted the search times and accuracies of younger and older adults
Brain Aging (Normal)
Psychology (13 works) · Developmental psychology (10 works) · Cognitive psychology (6 works) · Cognition (5 works) · Neuroscience (4 works) · Social Psychology (4 works) · Social Psychology (3 works) · Visual Search (3 works) · Aging and Gerontology Research (2 works) · Cognitive Abilities and Testing (2 works)