GAYNOR JOHNSON
Biographic Data
| ID | 5786105 |
|---|---|
| NAME | GAYNOR JOHNSON |
| GIVEN NAMES | GAYNOR |
| FAMILY NAME | JOHNSON |
| SIGNATURE | JOHNSON G |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Salford |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 8 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2000 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
The Foreign Office and Official History
The article discusses the absence of an official history of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), despite its significant role in British political life and international representation. It highlights the challenges of documenting the complex administrative history of the FCDO, which has existed in various forms since 1782. The task is daunting due to the vast historical records and the potential lack of objectivity from ‘in-ho…
Austen Chamberlain and the Locarno Treaties revisited
The approaching centenary of the Locarno conference in October 1925 provides a convenient reason to re-evaluate the significance of the treaties that emerged from it. Often styled as the ‘real’ peace settlement at the end of the First World War, the treaties of Locarno collectively represent one of the most important attempts to ensure lasting peace in Europe in the first half of the twentieth century. Central to the treaties’ reputation as the ‘…
After the Great War
After the Great War: Economic warfare and the Promise of Peace in Paris, 1919." Diplomacy & Statecraft, 33(2), pp. 408–409
Royal diplomacy
This article explores the preparation made by the British government, primarily the Foreign Office, for the state visit of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth to the United States three months before the outbreak of the Second World War. It considers the dynamics of the relationship between the officials in Whitehall, the British ambassador in Washington, Sir Ronald Lindsay, the agenda of the Roosevelt administration and the role of the British ro…
Women Clerks and Typists in the British Foreign Office, 1920-1960
The history of modern British foreign policy largely devolves from an exclusively male perspective. In many respects, this was natural and appropriate because, until the 1940s, only men held senior positions in the Diplomatic Service. During the early twentieth century, attempts to change the “Foreign Office mind” to promote a greater acceptance of the role of women in the conduct and formulation of British diplomacy remained largely resisted. Ho…
Gendering Peace in Europe
This introduction tracks how international and diplomatic history have, gradually, been gendered, as well as tracing the evolving interest in the role of women in peace movements. Most articles in this special issues developed from contributions to the ‘Gendering Peace in Europe’ conference held at the University of Sheffield in January, 2017, and here we consider the ways in which the category of gender can be more firmly embedded into research …
Sir Malcolm Robertson and the British trade mission to South America in 1929
Sir Ronald Lindsay and Britain's Relations with Germany, 1926–1928
Of the five diplomats who held the post of British ambassador to Berlin during the interwar period, the two-year embassy of Sir Ronald Lindsay, 1926–1928, has received least attention by historians. This article charts three main aspects of Lindsay's career in Berlin. The first of these is his relationship with the Foreign Office, which is consistently good although Treasury comments on his reports about Germany's continuing financial problems ex…
Introduction
Does the Arab Spring provide a new opening for Western cooperation with the Middle East? The Arab Spring involved a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests in the Arab world, starting on
Britain and the World in the Twentieth Century, Ever Decreasing Circles
Sir Austen Chamberlain, the Marquess of Crewe and Anglo-French Relations, 1924–1928
During the mid-1920s, Britain's relationship with France was of crucial importance to understanding the entire rationale behind British policy towards European diplomacy. This article is concerned with the dynamics of the relationship between the francophile British Foreign Secretary, Sir Austen Chamberlain and Britain's ambassador to Paris, the Marquess of Crewe. Both men remained in post for sufficient time to influence the tone as well as the …
General Smuts
Guarantee of Peace
Response to Frank Magee
R. T. Davies, The Possibilities of Transnational Activism
A Review of
The Unfinished Peace after World War I
Austen Chamberlain and Britain's Relations with France, 1924–1929
Several historians have suggested that Austen Chamberlain's Francophile tendencies during his period as foreign secretary between 1924 and 1929 were the defining features of his European diplomatic strategy. By examining four key events: the rejection of the Geneva Protocol, the conclusion of the Treaty of Locarno, the Anglo-French Compromise on disarmament and the negotiation of the Kellogg-Briand Pact, this article argues that Chamberlain's rel…
Sir Eric Phipps, the British Government, and the Appeasement of Germany, 1933–1937
This article argues that Sir Eric Phipps' reputation as an “anti-appeaser” of Germany during his Berlin embassy 1933–1937 is not accurate. While Phipps was not in favor of placating Hitler by making territorial concessions, he had much in common with those who had sought a rapprochement with Germany in the 1920s through a policy of inclusion and reconciliation. Particular importance is placed on Phipps' attitude towards the League of Nations, wit…
Locarno Revisited
1. Locarno, Britain and the Security of Europe Jon Jacobson 2. The Quest for a New Concert of Europe: British Pursuits of German Rehabilitation and European Stability in the 1920's Patrick O. Cohrs 3. Austen Chamberlain and the Negotiation of the Kellogg-Briand Pact, 1928 Gaynor Johnson 4. Locarno: Early Test of Fascist Intentions Alan Cassels 5. Poincare, Briand and Locarno: Continuity in French Diplomacy in the 1920s John Keiger 6. The Franco-S…
Introduction
Harold Nicolson, in his seminal study of diplomatic theory, warned his reader against using the word ‘diplomacy’ as a synonym for ‘foreign policy’ or for ‘negotiation’. Further travesties of meanin
Preparing for Office
(2004). Preparing for Office: Lord Curzon as Acting Foreign Secretary, January–October 1919. Contemporary British History: Vol. 18, The Foreign Office and British Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century, pp. 53-73
Lord Curzon and the Appointment of Lord D’Abernon as Ambassador to Berlin in 1920
This article examines British policy towards Germany in the period between the end of the first world war and the resumption of full diplomatic relations between the two countries in June 1920. In particular, it concentrates on the relationship between the Foreign Office and the War Office in determining British policy and the pressures that were brought to bear on Lloyd George to comply with a common Allied policy towards the resumption of diplo…
Fanaticism and Conflict in the Modern Age
So ran the testimony of a Wehrmacht soldier on trial before a Soviet court in Minsk in 1946 for atrocities committed in the course of anti-partisan warfare during the Second World War. Popular views still hold that the German Wehrmacht amassed an exemplary fighting record during the Second World War, untainted by association with the odious fanaticism of National Socialism – the uniquely murderous blend of anti-Semitism, anti-communism and social…
The Berlin Embassy of Lord d'Abernon, 1920-1926
Lord D'Abernon was the first British ambassador to Berlin after the First World War. This study, which challenges his positive historical reputation, assesses all the key aspects of Anglo-German relat
Royal diplomacy
This article explores the preparation made by the British government, primarily the Foreign Office, for the state visit of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth to the United States three months before the outbreak of the Second World War. It considers the dynamics of the relationship between the officials in Whitehall, the British ambassador in Washington, Sir Ronald Lindsay, the agenda of the Roosevelt administration and the role of the British ro…
Women Clerks and Typists in the British Foreign Office, 1920-1960
The history of modern British foreign policy largely devolves from an exclusively male perspective. In many respects, this was natural and appropriate because, until the 1940s, only men held senior positions in the Diplomatic Service. During the early twentieth century, attempts to change the “Foreign Office mind” to promote a greater acceptance of the role of women in the conduct and formulation of British diplomacy remained largely resisted. Ho…
Gendering Peace in Europe
This introduction tracks how international and diplomatic history have, gradually, been gendered, as well as tracing the evolving interest in the role of women in peace movements. Most articles in this special issues developed from contributions to the ‘Gendering Peace in Europe’ conference held at the University of Sheffield in January, 2017, and here we consider the ways in which the category of gender can be more firmly embedded into research …
Das Kind’ Revisited
This article is a reassessment of F. G. Stambrook's well-known claim that Lord D'Abernon was the architect of German Locarno diplomacy. It suggests that Stambrook did not fully understand D'Abernon's relationship with the Luther–Stresemann government, and in particular it seeks to place German Locarno diplomacy within the wider context of German foreign policy in the period. It throws new light not only on the D'Abernon–von Schubert relationship …
Curzon, Lloyd George and the control of British foreign policy, 1919–22
This article reappraises the complex relationship between Lord Curzon and Lloyd George in the years between the former's appointment as Foreign Secretary and the latter's fall from office as Prime Minister in 1922. It argues that the widely held view that Lloyd George held Curzon in contempt and marginalized him in the conduct of foreign affairs is not accurate. Their relationship is presented as being one of mutual respect and significant levels…
Das Kind’ Revisited
This article is a reassessment of F. G. Stambrook's well-known claim that Lord D'Abernon was the architect of German Locarno diplomacy. It suggests that Stambrook did not fully understand D'Abernon's relationship with the Luther–Stresemann government, and in particular it seeks to place German Locarno diplomacy within the wider context of German foreign policy in the period. It throws new light not only on the D'Abernon–von Schubert relationship …
Curzon, Lloyd George and the control of British foreign policy, 1919–22
This article reappraises the complex relationship between Lord Curzon and Lloyd George in the years between the former's appointment as Foreign Secretary and the latter's fall from office as Prime Minister in 1922. It argues that the widely held view that Lloyd George held Curzon in contempt and marginalized him in the conduct of foreign affairs is not accurate. Their relationship is presented as being one of mutual respect and significant levels…
The Berlin Embassy of Lord d'Abernon, 1920-1926
Lord D'Abernon was the first British ambassador to Berlin after the First World War. This study, which challenges his positive historical reputation, assesses all the key aspects of Anglo-German relat
Locarno Revisited
1. Locarno, Britain and the Security of Europe Jon Jacobson 2. The Quest for a New Concert of Europe: British Pursuits of German Rehabilitation and European Stability in the 1920's Patrick O. Cohrs 3. Austen Chamberlain and the Negotiation of the Kellogg-Briand Pact, 1928 Gaynor Johnson 4. Locarno: Early Test of Fascist Intentions Alan Cassels 5. Poincare, Briand and Locarno: Continuity in French Diplomacy in the 1920s John Keiger 6. The Franco-S…
Introduction
Harold Nicolson, in his seminal study of diplomatic theory, warned his reader against using the word ‘diplomacy’ as a synonym for ‘foreign policy’ or for ‘negotiation’. Further travesties of meanin
Preparing for Office
(2004). Preparing for Office: Lord Curzon as Acting Foreign Secretary, January–October 1919. Contemporary British History: Vol. 18, The Foreign Office and British Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century, pp. 53-73
Lord Curzon and the Appointment of Lord D’Abernon as Ambassador to Berlin in 1920
This article examines British policy towards Germany in the period between the end of the first world war and the resumption of full diplomatic relations between the two countries in June 1920. In particular, it concentrates on the relationship between the Foreign Office and the War Office in determining British policy and the pressures that were brought to bear on Lloyd George to comply with a common Allied policy towards the resumption of diplo…
Fanaticism and Conflict in the Modern Age
So ran the testimony of a Wehrmacht soldier on trial before a Soviet court in Minsk in 1946 for atrocities committed in the course of anti-partisan warfare during the Second World War. Popular views still hold that the German Wehrmacht amassed an exemplary fighting record during the Second World War, untainted by association with the odious fanaticism of National Socialism – the uniquely murderous blend of anti-Semitism, anti-communism and social…
Sir Eric Phipps, the British Government, and the Appeasement of Germany, 1933–1937
This article argues that Sir Eric Phipps' reputation as an “anti-appeaser” of Germany during his Berlin embassy 1933–1937 is not accurate. While Phipps was not in favor of placating Hitler by making territorial concessions, he had much in common with those who had sought a rapprochement with Germany in the 1920s through a policy of inclusion and reconciliation. Particular importance is placed on Phipps' attitude towards the League of Nations, wit…
Austen Chamberlain and Britain's Relations with France, 1924–1929
Several historians have suggested that Austen Chamberlain's Francophile tendencies during his period as foreign secretary between 1924 and 1929 were the defining features of his European diplomatic strategy. By examining four key events: the rejection of the Geneva Protocol, the conclusion of the Treaty of Locarno, the Anglo-French Compromise on disarmament and the negotiation of the Kellogg-Briand Pact, this article argues that Chamberlain's rel…
A Review of
The Unfinished Peace after World War I
Response to Frank Magee
R. T. Davies, The Possibilities of Transnational Activism
Guarantee of Peace
Sir Austen Chamberlain, the Marquess of Crewe and Anglo-French Relations, 1924–1928
During the mid-1920s, Britain's relationship with France was of crucial importance to understanding the entire rationale behind British policy towards European diplomacy. This article is concerned with the dynamics of the relationship between the francophile British Foreign Secretary, Sir Austen Chamberlain and Britain's ambassador to Paris, the Marquess of Crewe. Both men remained in post for sufficient time to influence the tone as well as the …
General Smuts
Britain and the World in the Twentieth Century, Ever Decreasing Circles
Sir Ronald Lindsay and Britain's Relations with Germany, 1926–1928
Of the five diplomats who held the post of British ambassador to Berlin during the interwar period, the two-year embassy of Sir Ronald Lindsay, 1926–1928, has received least attention by historians. This article charts three main aspects of Lindsay's career in Berlin. The first of these is his relationship with the Foreign Office, which is consistently good although Treasury comments on his reports about Germany's continuing financial problems ex…
Introduction
Does the Arab Spring provide a new opening for Western cooperation with the Middle East? The Arab Spring involved a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests in the Arab world, starting on
Sir Malcolm Robertson and the British trade mission to South America in 1929
Women Clerks and Typists in the British Foreign Office, 1920-1960
The history of modern British foreign policy largely devolves from an exclusively male perspective. In many respects, this was natural and appropriate because, until the 1940s, only men held senior positions in the Diplomatic Service. During the early twentieth century, attempts to change the “Foreign Office mind” to promote a greater acceptance of the role of women in the conduct and formulation of British diplomacy remained largely resisted. Ho…
Gendering Peace in Europe
This introduction tracks how international and diplomatic history have, gradually, been gendered, as well as tracing the evolving interest in the role of women in peace movements. Most articles in this special issues developed from contributions to the ‘Gendering Peace in Europe’ conference held at the University of Sheffield in January, 2017, and here we consider the ways in which the category of gender can be more firmly embedded into research …
Royal diplomacy
This article explores the preparation made by the British government, primarily the Foreign Office, for the state visit of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth to the United States three months before the outbreak of the Second World War. It considers the dynamics of the relationship between the officials in Whitehall, the British ambassador in Washington, Sir Ronald Lindsay, the agenda of the Roosevelt administration and the role of the British ro…
After the Great War
After the Great War: Economic warfare and the Promise of Peace in Paris, 1919." Diplomacy & Statecraft, 33(2), pp. 408–409
Political science (24 works) · Law (19 works) · Politics (19 works) · History (18 works) · Law (18 works) · History (16 works) · Economic history (13 works) · World Wars: History, Literature, and Impact (13 works) · Diplomacy (10 works) · Foreign policy (9 works)