Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt
Biographic Data
| ID | 5850329 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt |
| GIVEN NAMES | Asli |
| FAMILY NAME | Demirgüç‐Kunt |
| SIGNATURE | KUNT A D |
| AFFILIATIONS | World Bank |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 134 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 34 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Government Support and Firm Performance During Covid-19
This paper assesses the medium-run effects of government support to firms during the COVID-19 crisis and whether the effectiveness of this support varied with its timing. Using data from three rounds of the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys COVID-19 Follow-up Surveys carried out between May 2020 and August 2022, it relates government support in Round 1 and 2 with firm performance in Round 3. Our results add to the existing literature on government …
Protect incomes or protect jobs? The role of social policies in post-pandemic recovery
Competition and firm recovery post-Covid-19
Measuring Human Capital in Middle Income Countries
The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of Covid-19
The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds. The Global Findex is the world’s most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rig…
Are large firms born or made? Evidence from developing countries
Opening-Up Trajectories and Economic Recovery: Lessons after the First Wave of the Covid-19 Pandemic
This paper analyzes the reopening process of countries in Europe and Central Asia after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and provides evidence on the effects of different reopening trajectories and their timing and speed on economic recovery. The analysis indicates that countries that adopted a gradual, staged reopening experienced stronger economic recovery compared with the countries that rushed into lifting the restrictive measures befo…
Bank Runs and Moral Hazard: A Review of Deposit Insurance
Deposit insurance is a widely adopted policy to promote financial stability in the banking sector. Deposit insurance helps ensure depositor confidence in the financial system and prevents contagious bank runs, but it also comes with an unintended consequence of encouraging banks to take on excessive risk. In this chapter, we begin with a review of the economic costs and benefits associated with deposit insurance. Drawing on the recent literature,…
The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution
The Global Findex database is the world's most comprehensive set of data on how people make payments, save money, borrow and manage risk. Launched in 2011, it includes more than 100 financial inclusion indicators in a format allowing users to compare access to financial services among adults worldwide -- including by gender, age and household income. \n \nThis third edition of the database was compiled in 2017 using nationally representative surv…
Financial Inclusion and Inclusive Growth: A Review of Recent Empirical Evidence
There is growing evidence that appropriate financial services have substantial benefits for consumers, especially women and poor adults. This paper provides an overview of financial inclusion around the world and reviews the recent empirical evidence on how the use of financial products -- such as payments services, savings accounts, loans, and insurance -- can contribute to inclusive growth and economic development. This paper also discusses som…
The Global Findex Database 2014: Measuring Financial Inclusion around the World
The Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) database, launched by the World Bank in 2011, provides comparable indicators showing how people around the world save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. The 2014 edition of the database reveals that 62 percent of adults worldwide have an account at a bank or another type of financial institution or with a mobile money provider. Between 2011 and 2014, 700 million adults became account holders wh…
Who creates jobs in developing countries
Measuring Financial Inclusion: Explaining Variation in Use of Financial Services across and within Countries
This paper summarizes the first publicly available, user-side data set of indicators that measure how adults in 148 countries save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. We use the data to benchmark financial inclusion—the share of the population that uses formal financial services—in countries around the world, and to investigate the significant country- and individual-level variation in how adults use formal and informal financial systems to …
Is Small Beautiful? Financial Structure, Size and Access to Finance
Remittances and Financial Inclusion: Evidence from El Salvador
Measuring Financial Inclusion: The Global Findex Database
This paper provides the first analysis \n of the Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) Database, \n a new set of indicators that measure how adults in 148 \n economies save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. The \n data show that 50 percent of adults worldwide have an \n account at a formal financial institution, though account \n penetration varies widely across regions, income groups and \n individual characteristics. In addition, 22…
Firm Innovation in Emerging Markets: The Role of Finance, Governance, and Competition
We investigate the firm characteristics associated with innovation in over 19,000 firms across 47 developing economies. While existing finance literature on innovation is limited to large public firms in developed markets such as the United States, our database includes public and private firms, and small and medium-sized enterprises. We define innovation broadly to include introduction of new products and technologies, knowledge transfers, and n…
Does Regulatory Supervision Curtail Microfinance Profitability and Outreach
Formal versus Informal Finance: Evidence from China
China is often mentioned as a counterexample to the findings in the finance and growth literature since, despite the weaknesses in its banking system, it is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. The fast growth of Chinese private sector firms is taken as evidence that it is alternative financing and governance mechanisms that support China’s growth. This paper takes a closer look at firm financing patterns and growth using a database…
Do remittances promote financial development
Remittances and banking sector breadth and depth: Evidence from Mexico
Entrepreneurship In Post-Conflict Transition: The Role Of Informality And Access To Finance
The authors examine the factors affecting the transition to self-employment in Bosnia and Herzegovina, using the World Bank Living Standard Measurement Survey panel household survey for the years 2001-2004. In the beginning of the sample, the country changed its legal framework, with the primary aim to promote labor market flexibility and to encourage entrepreneurial activity. The analysis identifies individuals that switched to self-employment (…
Microfinance Meets the Market
In this paper, we examine the economic logic behind microfinance institutions and consider the movement from socially oriented nonprofit microfinance institutions to for- profit microfinance. Drawing on a large dataset that includes most of the world's leading microfinance institutions, we explore eight questions about the microfinance "industry": Who are the lenders? How widespread is profitability? Are loans in fact repaid at the high rates adv…
Financing patterns around the world: Are small firms different?☆
Reaching out: Access to and use of banking services across countries
Does Regulatory Supervision Curtail Microfinance Profitability and Outreach
Do remittances promote financial development
Microfinance Meets the Market
In this paper, we examine the economic logic behind microfinance institutions and consider the movement from socially oriented nonprofit microfinance institutions to for- profit microfinance. Drawing on a large dataset that includes most of the world's leading microfinance institutions, we explore eight questions about the microfinance "industry": Who are the lenders? How widespread is profitability? Are loans in fact repaid at the high rates adv…
Remittances and banking sector breadth and depth: Evidence from Mexico
Remittances and Financial Inclusion: Evidence from El Salvador
Is Small Beautiful? Financial Structure, Size and Access to Finance
Interest rates, official lending, and the debt crisis: A reassessment
Interest rates, official lending, and the debt crisis: A reassessment
Law and Finance: Why Does Legal Origin Matter
New research suggests that cross-country differences in legal origin help explain differences in financial development. This paper empirically assesses two theories of why legal origin influences financial development. First, the "political" channel stresses that (i) legal traditions differ in the priority they give to the rights of individual investors vis--vis the state and (ii) this has repercussions for the development of property rights and …
Law and Firms’ Access to Finance
Why does a country's legal origin influence its firms' access to finance? Using data from over 4,000 firms in 38 countries, the authors show that firms in countries with French legal origin face significantly higher obstacles in accessing external finance than firms in common law countries. Next, their results indicate that French legal origin countries tend to have (1) less adaptable legal systems, as defined by the degree to which case law and …
Finance, Inequality, and Poverty: Cross-Country Evidence
"While substantial research finds that financial development boosts overall economic growth, we study whether financial development disproportionately raises the incomes of the poor and alleviates poverty. Using a broad cross-country sample, we distinguish among competing theoretical predictions about the impact of financial development on changes in income distribution and poverty alleviation. We find that financial development reduces income in…
SMEs, Growth, and Poverty: Cross-Country Evidence
How Well Do Institutional Theories Explain Firms ' Perceptions Of Property Rights
"The authors examine how well several institutional and firm-level factors and their interactions explain firms' perceptions of property rights protection. Their sample includes private and public firms that vary in size from very small to large in 62 countries. Together, the institutional theories they investigate account for approximately 70 percent of the country-level variation, indicating that the literature is addressing first-order factors…
Small and medium-size enterprises: Access to finance as a growth constraint
Reaching out: Access to and use of banking services across countries
Finance, inequality and the poor
Small and Medium Enterprises Across the Globe
Financing patterns around the world: Are small firms different?☆
Entrepreneurship In Post-Conflict Transition: The Role Of Informality And Access To Finance
The authors examine the factors affecting the transition to self-employment in Bosnia and Herzegovina, using the World Bank Living Standard Measurement Survey panel household survey for the years 2001-2004. In the beginning of the sample, the country changed its legal framework, with the primary aim to promote labor market flexibility and to encourage entrepreneurial activity. The analysis identifies individuals that switched to self-employment (…
Microfinance Meets the Market
In this paper, we examine the economic logic behind microfinance institutions and consider the movement from socially oriented nonprofit microfinance institutions to for- profit microfinance. Drawing on a large dataset that includes most of the world's leading microfinance institutions, we explore eight questions about the microfinance "industry": Who are the lenders? How widespread is profitability? Are loans in fact repaid at the high rates adv…
Formal versus Informal Finance: Evidence from China
China is often mentioned as a counterexample to the findings in the finance and growth literature since, despite the weaknesses in its banking system, it is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. The fast growth of Chinese private sector firms is taken as evidence that it is alternative financing and governance mechanisms that support China’s growth. This paper takes a closer look at firm financing patterns and growth using a database…
Do remittances promote financial development
Remittances and banking sector breadth and depth: Evidence from Mexico
Firm Innovation in Emerging Markets: The Role of Finance, Governance, and Competition
We investigate the firm characteristics associated with innovation in over 19,000 firms across 47 developing economies. While existing finance literature on innovation is limited to large public firms in developed markets such as the United States, our database includes public and private firms, and small and medium-sized enterprises. We define innovation broadly to include introduction of new products and technologies, knowledge transfers, and n…
Does Regulatory Supervision Curtail Microfinance Profitability and Outreach
Measuring Financial Inclusion: The Global Findex Database
This paper provides the first analysis \n of the Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) Database, \n a new set of indicators that measure how adults in 148 \n economies save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. The \n data show that 50 percent of adults worldwide have an \n account at a formal financial institution, though account \n penetration varies widely across regions, income groups and \n individual characteristics. In addition, 22…
Measuring Financial Inclusion: Explaining Variation in Use of Financial Services across and within Countries
This paper summarizes the first publicly available, user-side data set of indicators that measure how adults in 148 countries save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. We use the data to benchmark financial inclusion—the share of the population that uses formal financial services—in countries around the world, and to investigate the significant country- and individual-level variation in how adults use formal and informal financial systems to …
Is Small Beautiful? Financial Structure, Size and Access to Finance
Remittances and Financial Inclusion: Evidence from El Salvador
Who creates jobs in developing countries
The Global Findex Database 2014: Measuring Financial Inclusion around the World
The Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) database, launched by the World Bank in 2011, provides comparable indicators showing how people around the world save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. The 2014 edition of the database reveals that 62 percent of adults worldwide have an account at a bank or another type of financial institution or with a mobile money provider. Between 2011 and 2014, 700 million adults became account holders wh…
Financial Inclusion and Inclusive Growth: A Review of Recent Empirical Evidence
There is growing evidence that appropriate financial services have substantial benefits for consumers, especially women and poor adults. This paper provides an overview of financial inclusion around the world and reviews the recent empirical evidence on how the use of financial products -- such as payments services, savings accounts, loans, and insurance -- can contribute to inclusive growth and economic development. This paper also discusses som…
Business (27 works) · Economics (26 works) · Economic growth (14 works) · Microfinance and Financial Inclusion (14 works) · Finance (13 works) · Financial system (12 works) · Finance (11 works) · Access to Finance (8 works) · Corporate Finance and Governance (8 works) · Financial services (8 works)