Jay Pratt
Biographic Data
| ID | 5855235 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jay Pratt |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jay |
| FAMILY NAME | Pratt |
| SIGNATURE | PRATT J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Toronto |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4902-5095 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 15 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 11 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 15 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1997 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
‘Not so intuitive’ physics
Rapid development of inhibitory effects in response to novel features
Examining visual prior entry of semantic affective valences
Affective valences of stimuli (e.g. positive or negative) influence perceptual prioritisation, with emotionally charged stimuli often attended to over neutral ones. However, there are two critical issues in interpreting the previous findings on affective biases: (1) reliance on Reaction Time (RT) measures, which have limitations in capturing subtle cognitive biases at different phases of visual processing, and (2) potential confounds from low-lev…
Binding a stimulus after, but not before, response execution
The effect of prevalence on distractor speeded search termination
The item-specific proportion congruency effect transfers to non-category members based on broad visual similarity
Typicality modulates the visual awareness of objects
Directed avoidance and its effect on visual working memory
When Age Is Irrelevant
Our findings suggest that the inhibitory processes underlying PoP remain intact with age
Playing an Action Video Game Reduces Gender Differences in Spatial Cognition
We demonstrate a previously unknown gender difference in the distribution of spatial attention, a basic capacity that supports higher-level spatial cognition. More remarkably, we found that playing an action video game can virtually eliminate this gender difference in spatial attention and simultaneously decrease the gender disparity in mental rotation ability, a higher-level process in spatial cognition. After only 10 hr of training with an acti…
Inhibition of return to social signals of fear
The present study examined whether inhibition of return (IOR) is modulated by the fear relevance of the cue. Experiment 1 found similar magnitude of IOR was produced by neutral and fear faces and luminance matched cues. To allow a more sensitive measure of endogenously directed attention, Experiment 2 removed a central reorienting cue and more precisely measured the time course of IOR. At stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) of 500, 1,000 and 1,500…
Competing Top-Down Processes in Visual Selection
The purpose of this study was to examine whether color and position information are functionally equivalent when observers are asked to select simultaneously on both dimensions. Observers were asked to report a letter of a given color from a given region of a briefly flashed letter array, then to report any additional letters they could recall from the stimulus set. Of the additional letters, more location letters were reported than were same-col…
Adult Age Differences in the Time Course of Inhibition of Return
Inhibition of return (IOR) occurs when people are slower to detect a target that appeared at a previously cued location. Prior research has shown that younger and older adults display similar amounts of IOR, but this research has not examined the time course of the process. Because elderly people may be slower to engage or disengage spatially based attention, the present experiment examined age differences in IOR at stimulus-onset asynchronies ra…
The Effect of Age-Related Stereotypes on Response Initiation and Execution
In 2 experiments, the authors investigated the effects of positive and negative stereotypes of older adults on response initiation and execution. College students were first primed with the word young or the word old, and then produced an aimed hand movement in response to a positive or negative trait. Results of the 1st experiment indicated that the participants produced the fastest and most forceful movements when the word "old" primed negative…
Initiation and Inhibition of Saccadic Eye Movements in Younger and Older Adults an Analysis of the Gap Effect
Previous research with young adults has shown that the latency to initiate a saccadic eye movement is typically reduced when the visual fixation stimulus is removed prior to the appearance of a peripheral target stimulus (the "gap effect"). The present study sought to determine whether such fixation offsets would produce similar reductions in reaction time in both younger and older adults. The results indicated that older adults have longer overa…
Adult Age Differences in the Time Course of Inhibition of Return
Inhibition of return (IOR) occurs when people are slower to detect a target that appeared at a previously cued location. Prior research has shown that younger and older adults display similar amounts of IOR, but this research has not examined the time course of the process. Because elderly people may be slower to engage or disengage spatially based attention, the present experiment examined age differences in IOR at stimulus-onset asynchronies ra…
When Age Is Irrelevant
Our findings suggest that the inhibitory processes underlying PoP remain intact with age
The Effect of Age-Related Stereotypes on Response Initiation and Execution
In 2 experiments, the authors investigated the effects of positive and negative stereotypes of older adults on response initiation and execution. College students were first primed with the word young or the word old, and then produced an aimed hand movement in response to a positive or negative trait. Results of the 1st experiment indicated that the participants produced the fastest and most forceful movements when the word "old" primed negative…
Initiation and Inhibition of Saccadic Eye Movements in Younger and Older Adults an Analysis of the Gap Effect
Previous research with young adults has shown that the latency to initiate a saccadic eye movement is typically reduced when the visual fixation stimulus is removed prior to the appearance of a peripheral target stimulus (the "gap effect"). The present study sought to determine whether such fixation offsets would produce similar reductions in reaction time in both younger and older adults. The results indicated that older adults have longer overa…
The Effect of Age-Related Stereotypes on Response Initiation and Execution
In 2 experiments, the authors investigated the effects of positive and negative stereotypes of older adults on response initiation and execution. College students were first primed with the word young or the word old, and then produced an aimed hand movement in response to a positive or negative trait. Results of the 1st experiment indicated that the participants produced the fastest and most forceful movements when the word "old" primed negative…
Adult Age Differences in the Time Course of Inhibition of Return
Inhibition of return (IOR) occurs when people are slower to detect a target that appeared at a previously cued location. Prior research has shown that younger and older adults display similar amounts of IOR, but this research has not examined the time course of the process. Because elderly people may be slower to engage or disengage spatially based attention, the present experiment examined age differences in IOR at stimulus-onset asynchronies ra…
Competing Top-Down Processes in Visual Selection
The purpose of this study was to examine whether color and position information are functionally equivalent when observers are asked to select simultaneously on both dimensions. Observers were asked to report a letter of a given color from a given region of a briefly flashed letter array, then to report any additional letters they could recall from the stimulus set. Of the additional letters, more location letters were reported than were same-col…
Playing an Action Video Game Reduces Gender Differences in Spatial Cognition
We demonstrate a previously unknown gender difference in the distribution of spatial attention, a basic capacity that supports higher-level spatial cognition. More remarkably, we found that playing an action video game can virtually eliminate this gender difference in spatial attention and simultaneously decrease the gender disparity in mental rotation ability, a higher-level process in spatial cognition. After only 10 hr of training with an acti…
Inhibition of return to social signals of fear
The present study examined whether inhibition of return (IOR) is modulated by the fear relevance of the cue. Experiment 1 found similar magnitude of IOR was produced by neutral and fear faces and luminance matched cues. To allow a more sensitive measure of endogenously directed attention, Experiment 2 removed a central reorienting cue and more precisely measured the time course of IOR. At stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) of 500, 1,000 and 1,500…
When Age Is Irrelevant
Our findings suggest that the inhibitory processes underlying PoP remain intact with age
Directed avoidance and its effect on visual working memory
The item-specific proportion congruency effect transfers to non-category members based on broad visual similarity
Typicality modulates the visual awareness of objects
The effect of prevalence on distractor speeded search termination
Binding a stimulus after, but not before, response execution
‘Not so intuitive’ physics
Rapid development of inhibitory effects in response to novel features
Examining visual prior entry of semantic affective valences
Affective valences of stimuli (e.g. positive or negative) influence perceptual prioritisation, with emotionally charged stimuli often attended to over neutral ones. However, there are two critical issues in interpreting the previous findings on affective biases: (1) reliance on Reaction Time (RT) measures, which have limitations in capturing subtle cognitive biases at different phases of visual processing, and (2) potential confounds from low-lev…
Psychology (13 works) · Cognitive psychology (12 works) · Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies (11 works) · Neuroscience (8 works) · Visual perception and processing mechanisms (6 works) · Artificial Intelligence (5 works) · Communication (5 works) · Computer Science (5 works) · Audiology (4 works) · Child and Animal Learning Development (4 works)