Robert C Beck
Biographic Data
| ID | 5856437 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert C Beck |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert C |
| FAMILY NAME | Beck |
| SIGNATURE | BECK R C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Wake Forest University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 17 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1961 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Naive psychology and the attributional model of achievement
A bstract Open‐ended explanations for the success and failure outcomes of others were obtained from ( N = 226) undergraduates. Only 23% of the 2,495 explanations generated by these naive psychologists could be readily categorized as one of the four causal elements of the Weiner model of achievement attributions. An individual difference model of multidimensional scaling of the explanations for success and failure was performed separately. Because…
Signal Detection Analysis of Deprivation-Incentive Relations with Rats
The problem of deprivation-incentive relationships is considered in terms of the theory of signal detection. Different concentration sucrose incentives are conceptualized as signal and noise and food deprivation is considered to lower the response criterion. It was predicted that incentives of relatively small concentration difference would not produce interactions (even though a main effect of incentive were present) but that widely separated co…
Heart Rates of Hungry or Thirsty Rats during Sucrose Presentation
Heart rates were recorded from unrestrained food- or water-deprived rats ( n = 8) before, during, and after 1-min. presentations of either 2% or 16% sucrose. When sucrose was presented there were nearly identical initial increments for all four deprivation-incentive combinations, followed by an immediate decrement. Rates increased again when the solutions were removed. The results are discussed in terms of locomotor activity
Effects of real vs pretend shock on semantic differential judgments and the GSR in some classical conditioning paradigms
Bitter and Sweet Saccharin Preferences as a Function of Food Deprivation
16 rats were given 23-hr. tests with each of 2 low-concentration (sweet by human report) pairs of saccharin (.05% vs .15% and .05% vs .35%) and 2 high-concentration (bitter) pairs (1.15% vs 1.25% and 1.15% vs 1.45%). All Ss were tested under each condition while on ad lib. feeding and while on a 23-hr. food deprivation schedule. Results with the 2 low-concentration pairs showed the typical deprivation-concentration interaction, greatly increased …
Clearance of Ingested Sucrose Solutions from the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Rat
Two partial replications of a study of the dehydrating effects of ingested hypertonic sucrose solutions (Beck, 1967) are described. As in the original study, Ss drank less 37% sucrose than 18.5% but the 37% produced greater absolute as well as relative dehydration
Water Preference as a Function of Water Deprivation
16 rats were given 30-min. 2-choice preference tests with water and Hawaiian Punch (HP) after 1, 8, 24, or 32 hr. water deprivation. Intake of HP was constant at about 13 ml under all conditions, but water intake was from 1 ml to 13 ml with increasing deprivation
A Test of Drive Stimulus Theory Using Saline Stomach Loads
This study tested the hypothesis that the depression of barpressing following hypertonic NaCl stomach loads is due to their producing unconditioned drive stimuli. It was predicted that rats given a response-depressing load repeatedly would show less depression on successive occasions as the novel drive stimuli became conditioned to the response. The results did not support this prediction
Drive Shifting Prior to Extinction of Bar Pressing Reinforced by Different Sucrose Incentives
Rats were trained to bar press for 1 of 2 different sucrose reinforcements under a particular deprivation condition, then were extinguished under the same or a different condition. Independent groups of Ss were trained thirsty and extinguished thirsty or satiated, were trained hungry and extinguished hungry or thirsty, were trained thirsty and extinguished hungry or thirsty. Differential reinforcement effects were found only for those Ss trained …
Sucrose Preference Thresholds for Satiated and Water-Deprived Rats
16 female rats were given 4-min. drinking tests in a 2-choice situation, water vs either .16%, 32%, 64%, or 1.28% sucrose. All Ss were tested with all solutions while satiated and while 23 5-hr water deprived. The preference thresholds were found to be: satiated, .43% and deprived, 1.16%. The results are discussed in terms of hedonic theory
Further Test of the Deprivation Trace Hypothesis
32 rats were used to test the deprivation-trace hypothesis of O'Kelly and Heyer (1951). In a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design the following variables were manipulated: delay between saline injection and bar-press testing, 30 min. vs 240 min., presence or absence of food during the delay period, and schedule of reinforcement, VI-1⁄4 min. vs VI-1 min. The only significant differences were the main effects of schedule and delay. The prediction was support…
Some Effects of Two Thirst-Control Procedures on Eating, Drinking, and Body Weight of the Rat
(1964). Some Effects of Two Thirst-Control Procedures on Eating, Drinking, and Body Weight of the Rat. The Journal of General Psychology: Vol. 71, No. 1, pp. 93-101
Effects of Variations in Water Need and Incentive Concentration on Bar-Pressing
3 groups of 5 rats each were given daily bar-press training while 22.5 hr. water deprived. Each group always received the same reinforcement: 4%, 12%, or 36% sucrose. In counterbalanced order every S was given 5 different saline or water stomach loads, spaced at 1-wk. intervals. These were given an hour prior to regular training which followed as usual. Both water and saline loads depressed responding, and there was a significant interaction betw…
Bar-Pressing by Thirsty Rats as a Function of Amount of Predrinking and Incentive Concentration
Water-deprived rats were trained to bar-press for either 4% or 16% sucrose reinforcements. They were then tested with the same reinforcements after varying amounts of predrinking. Performance was identical when the animals were water deprived, but responding declined differentially as a function of reinforcement concentration and amount of predrinking
Associative Reaction Times as a Function of Association Value of Nonsense Syllable Stimuli
In scaling nonsense syllables for meaningfulness or associacion value the usual procedure involves frequency or probability measures of response to the syllables. It was the purpose of the presenr experiment to determine if a latency measure (associative reaction time) might provide similar results. METHOD Subjects and aFpara.tus.-Eighteen volunteer male students from introductory psychology sections served individually as Ss. Each S sat about 12…
Associative Reaction Times as a Function of Association Value of Nonsense Syllable Stimuli
On secondary reinforcement and shock termination
No prominent works on this page.
On secondary reinforcement and shock termination
Associative Reaction Times as a Function of Association Value of Nonsense Syllable Stimuli
In scaling nonsense syllables for meaningfulness or associacion value the usual procedure involves frequency or probability measures of response to the syllables. It was the purpose of the presenr experiment to determine if a latency measure (associative reaction time) might provide similar results. METHOD Subjects and aFpara.tus.-Eighteen volunteer male students from introductory psychology sections served individually as Ss. Each S sat about 12…
Associative Reaction Times as a Function of Association Value of Nonsense Syllable Stimuli
Effects of Variations in Water Need and Incentive Concentration on Bar-Pressing
3 groups of 5 rats each were given daily bar-press training while 22.5 hr. water deprived. Each group always received the same reinforcement: 4%, 12%, or 36% sucrose. In counterbalanced order every S was given 5 different saline or water stomach loads, spaced at 1-wk. intervals. These were given an hour prior to regular training which followed as usual. Both water and saline loads depressed responding, and there was a significant interaction betw…
Bar-Pressing by Thirsty Rats as a Function of Amount of Predrinking and Incentive Concentration
Water-deprived rats were trained to bar-press for either 4% or 16% sucrose reinforcements. They were then tested with the same reinforcements after varying amounts of predrinking. Performance was identical when the animals were water deprived, but responding declined differentially as a function of reinforcement concentration and amount of predrinking
Some Effects of Two Thirst-Control Procedures on Eating, Drinking, and Body Weight of the Rat
(1964). Some Effects of Two Thirst-Control Procedures on Eating, Drinking, and Body Weight of the Rat. The Journal of General Psychology: Vol. 71, No. 1, pp. 93-101
Sucrose Preference Thresholds for Satiated and Water-Deprived Rats
16 female rats were given 4-min. drinking tests in a 2-choice situation, water vs either .16%, 32%, 64%, or 1.28% sucrose. All Ss were tested with all solutions while satiated and while 23 5-hr water deprived. The preference thresholds were found to be: satiated, .43% and deprived, 1.16%. The results are discussed in terms of hedonic theory
Further Test of the Deprivation Trace Hypothesis
32 rats were used to test the deprivation-trace hypothesis of O'Kelly and Heyer (1951). In a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design the following variables were manipulated: delay between saline injection and bar-press testing, 30 min. vs 240 min., presence or absence of food during the delay period, and schedule of reinforcement, VI-1⁄4 min. vs VI-1 min. The only significant differences were the main effects of schedule and delay. The prediction was support…
Water Preference as a Function of Water Deprivation
16 rats were given 30-min. 2-choice preference tests with water and Hawaiian Punch (HP) after 1, 8, 24, or 32 hr. water deprivation. Intake of HP was constant at about 13 ml under all conditions, but water intake was from 1 ml to 13 ml with increasing deprivation
A Test of Drive Stimulus Theory Using Saline Stomach Loads
This study tested the hypothesis that the depression of barpressing following hypertonic NaCl stomach loads is due to their producing unconditioned drive stimuli. It was predicted that rats given a response-depressing load repeatedly would show less depression on successive occasions as the novel drive stimuli became conditioned to the response. The results did not support this prediction
Drive Shifting Prior to Extinction of Bar Pressing Reinforced by Different Sucrose Incentives
Rats were trained to bar press for 1 of 2 different sucrose reinforcements under a particular deprivation condition, then were extinguished under the same or a different condition. Independent groups of Ss were trained thirsty and extinguished thirsty or satiated, were trained hungry and extinguished hungry or thirsty, were trained thirsty and extinguished hungry or thirsty. Differential reinforcement effects were found only for those Ss trained …
Clearance of Ingested Sucrose Solutions from the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Rat
Two partial replications of a study of the dehydrating effects of ingested hypertonic sucrose solutions (Beck, 1967) are described. As in the original study, Ss drank less 37% sucrose than 18.5% but the 37% produced greater absolute as well as relative dehydration
Bitter and Sweet Saccharin Preferences as a Function of Food Deprivation
16 rats were given 23-hr. tests with each of 2 low-concentration (sweet by human report) pairs of saccharin (.05% vs .15% and .05% vs .35%) and 2 high-concentration (bitter) pairs (1.15% vs 1.25% and 1.15% vs 1.45%). All Ss were tested under each condition while on ad lib. feeding and while on a 23-hr. food deprivation schedule. Results with the 2 low-concentration pairs showed the typical deprivation-concentration interaction, greatly increased …
Effects of real vs pretend shock on semantic differential judgments and the GSR in some classical conditioning paradigms
Heart Rates of Hungry or Thirsty Rats during Sucrose Presentation
Heart rates were recorded from unrestrained food- or water-deprived rats ( n = 8) before, during, and after 1-min. presentations of either 2% or 16% sucrose. When sucrose was presented there were nearly identical initial increments for all four deprivation-incentive combinations, followed by an immediate decrement. Rates increased again when the solutions were removed. The results are discussed in terms of locomotor activity
Signal Detection Analysis of Deprivation-Incentive Relations with Rats
The problem of deprivation-incentive relationships is considered in terms of the theory of signal detection. Different concentration sucrose incentives are conceptualized as signal and noise and food deprivation is considered to lower the response criterion. It was predicted that incentives of relatively small concentration difference would not produce interactions (even though a main effect of incentive were present) but that widely separated co…
Naive psychology and the attributional model of achievement
A bstract Open‐ended explanations for the success and failure outcomes of others were obtained from ( N = 226) undergraduates. Only 23% of the 2,495 explanations generated by these naive psychologists could be readily categorized as one of the four causal elements of the Weiner model of achievement attributions. An individual difference model of multidimensional scaling of the explanations for success and failure was performed separately. Because…
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