Tomi‐Ann Roberts
Biographic Data
| ID | 5860784 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Tomi‐Ann Roberts |
| GIVEN NAMES | Tomi‐Ann |
| FAMILY NAME | Roberts |
| SIGNATURE | ROBERTS T A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Colorado College |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5266-9422 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 28 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1037 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 28 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1966 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Cover Up That “Baby Bump”: Displaying the Pregnant Body Undermines Women’s Perceived Humanness
Identifying Gaps and Building Bridges Between Feminist Psychology and Open Science
The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies
This open access handbook, the first of its kind, provides a comprehensive and carefully curated multidisciplinary view of Critical Menstruation Studies and opens up new directions in research and advocacy. It is an unmatched resource for scholars in the field as it rapidly expands.
Smile pretty and watch your back: Personal safety anxiety and vigilance in objectification theory
[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported online in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology on Nov 19 2020 (see record 2020-89294-001). In Table 4, the mean, standard deviation, and range for the Personal Safety Anxiety and Vigilance (PSAVS) variable were incorrect.] Objectification Theory posits that everyday encounters with sexual objectification carry a diffuse nonspecific sense of threat that engenders personal safety …
The Gendered Body Project: Sexual and Self-Objectification as Motivated and Motivating Processes
This chapter explores motivational questions that arise when the psychology of girls and women is viewed through the lens of objectification theory, which highlights the centrality of appearance concerns, or body projects , for girls and women in the early 21st century. The chapter examines three theoretical perspectives for what motivates sexually objectifying views and treatment of women and women’s own participation in self-objectifying body p…
How does it feel to be treated like an object? Direct and indirect effects of exposure to sexual objectification on women’s emotions in daily life
Exposure to sexual objectification is an everyday experience for many women, yet little is known about its emotional consequences. Fredrickson and Roberts' (1997) objectification theory proposed a within-person process, wherein exposure to sexual objectification causes women to adopt a third-person perspective on their bodies, labeled self-objectification, which has harmful downstream consequences for their emotional well-being. However, previous…
Objectification theory: Continuing contributions to feminist psychology.
She Stoops to Conquer? How Posture Interacts With Self-Objectification and Status to Impact Women’s Affect and Performance
Research suggests that posture exerts powerful affective and cognitive influences, although recent studies have indicated that these embodiment effects are moderated by gender. We examined two sociocultural factors that may contribute to the effects of postural feedback in women: self-objectification and power. Across a 2 × 2 × 2 between-subjects design, 80 female undergraduates completed various cognitive tasks and self-report measures after hav…
Restriction and Renewal, Pollution and Power, Constraint and Community: The Paradoxes of Religious Women’s Experiences of Menstruation
Bringing Back the Body: A Retrospective on the Development of Objectification Theory
Objects of desire: Objectification as a function of male sexual orientation
Female Trouble: The Menstrual Self-Evaluation Scale and Women's Self-Objectification
Strong cultural messages are sent to women that their bodies are unacceptable as they are, thus encouraging engagement in a variety of body-altering practices. It seems that one of the obligations that women have in a culture that sexually objectifies their bodies is to conceal their bodies' more physical functions, such as menstruation. A new scale was constructed to measure women's attitudes and emotions toward menstruation. A study was conduct…
Mere Exposure: Gender Differences in the Negative Effects of Priming a State of Self-Objectification
Self-Objectification and That “Not So Fresh Feeling”: Feminist Therapeutic Interventions for Healthy Female Embodiment
In a culture obsessed with women's attractiveness and beauty, media messages abound telling us our corporeal bodies are unacceptable as they are. Women's bodies need sanitizing, deodorizing, exfoliating, and denuding. Perhaps more than any other bodily function, menstruation must be kept "under wraps" in a sexually objectifying culture. In this article, we argue that girls' and women's feelings of acceptance for their bodily functions and physica…
III. The Woman in the Body
III. The Woman in the Body
Feminine Protection”: The Effects of Menstruation on Attitudes Towards Women
An experiment tested the hypothesis that reminders of a woman's menstrual status lead to more negative reactions to her and increased objectification of women in general. Participants interacted with a female confederate who ostensibly accidentally dropped either a tampon or hair clip out of her handbag. Dropping the tampon led to lower evaluations of the confederate's competence, decreased liking for her, and a marginal tendency to avoid sitting…
That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance
Objectification theory (B. L. Fredrickson & T. Roberts, 1997) posits that American culture socializes women to adopt observers' perspectives on their physical selves. This self-objectification is hypothesized to (a) produce body shame, which in turn leads to restrained eating, and (b) consume attentional resources, which is manifested in diminished mental performance. Two experiments manipulated self-objectification by having participants try on …
Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women's Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks
This article offers objectification theory as a framework for understanding the experiential consequences of being female in a culture that sexually objectifies the female body. Objectification theory posits that girls and women are typically acculturated to internalize an observer's perspective as a primary view of their physical selves. This perspective on self can lead to habitual body monitoring, which, in turn, can increase women's opportuni…
Family Work and Fairness: Listening to Husbands in Dual-Earner Families
Thompson (1991) concludes her discussion of gendered justice and domestic work by pointing out that "to understand justice as gendered ... we ought to study both women's and men's sense of fairness about family work" (p. 194). Ferree (1987) likewise points out that to talk useful about the division of family work (i.e., housework and child care tasks), we should be involved in identifying and interpreting the meaning attached to family work. Part…
Gender Comparisons in Responsiveness to Others' Evaluations in Achievement Settings
An experiment tested three possible explanations for gender differences in responsiveness to others' evaluations in achievement settings. Results replicated previous studies and showed that women and men perceived the valence of evaluative messages similarly. Further, women's privately made self-evaluations reflected the valence of others' evaluations to a greater extent than men's. Finally, women saw others' evaluations as more accurate assessme…
Gender and the influence of evaluations on self-assessments in achievement settings
This article reviews evidence for a gender difference in responsiveness to others' evaluations in achievement situations. Studies show that women's self-evaluations are more responsive to the valence of the evaluative feedback they receive than are men's. A number of possible explanations for this effect are then discussed, with the best evidence pointing to men's and women's differing construals of the informational value of others' evaluations …
Moral Powers: Normative Necessity in Language and History
Sex differences in reactions to evaluative feedback
Law, Morality and Religion in a Christian Society
The publication in 1957 of the Wolfenden Report occasioned a celebrated controversy in which profound theoretical issues concerning the relation between law and morality, and the legal enforcement of morality were discussed. The principal disputants were Lord Justice Devlin (Sir Patrick Devlin as he then was) and Professor H. L. A. Hart. It is by now well known that the main recommendation of the Wolfenden Report was the reform of the criminal la…
Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women's Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks
This article offers objectification theory as a framework for understanding the experiential consequences of being female in a culture that sexually objectifies the female body. Objectification theory posits that girls and women are typically acculturated to internalize an observer's perspective as a primary view of their physical selves. This perspective on self can lead to habitual body monitoring, which, in turn, can increase women's opportuni…
That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance
Objectification theory (B. L. Fredrickson & T. Roberts, 1997) posits that American culture socializes women to adopt observers' perspectives on their physical selves. This self-objectification is hypothesized to (a) produce body shame, which in turn leads to restrained eating, and (b) consume attentional resources, which is manifested in diminished mental performance. Two experiments manipulated self-objectification by having participants try on …
Mere Exposure: Gender Differences in the Negative Effects of Priming a State of Self-Objectification
Smile pretty and watch your back: Personal safety anxiety and vigilance in objectification theory
[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported online in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology on Nov 19 2020 (see record 2020-89294-001). In Table 4, the mean, standard deviation, and range for the Personal Safety Anxiety and Vigilance (PSAVS) variable were incorrect.] Objectification Theory posits that everyday encounters with sexual objectification carry a diffuse nonspecific sense of threat that engenders personal safety …
Feminine Protection”: The Effects of Menstruation on Attitudes Towards Women
An experiment tested the hypothesis that reminders of a woman's menstrual status lead to more negative reactions to her and increased objectification of women in general. Participants interacted with a female confederate who ostensibly accidentally dropped either a tampon or hair clip out of her handbag. Dropping the tampon led to lower evaluations of the confederate's competence, decreased liking for her, and a marginal tendency to avoid sitting…
Self-Objectification and That “Not So Fresh Feeling”: Feminist Therapeutic Interventions for Healthy Female Embodiment
In a culture obsessed with women's attractiveness and beauty, media messages abound telling us our corporeal bodies are unacceptable as they are. Women's bodies need sanitizing, deodorizing, exfoliating, and denuding. Perhaps more than any other bodily function, menstruation must be kept "under wraps" in a sexually objectifying culture. In this article, we argue that girls' and women's feelings of acceptance for their bodily functions and physica…
Objects of desire: Objectification as a function of male sexual orientation
Gender and the influence of evaluations on self-assessments in achievement settings
This article reviews evidence for a gender difference in responsiveness to others' evaluations in achievement situations. Studies show that women's self-evaluations are more responsive to the valence of the evaluative feedback they receive than are men's. A number of possible explanations for this effect are then discussed, with the best evidence pointing to men's and women's differing construals of the informational value of others' evaluations …
Sex differences in reactions to evaluative feedback
How does it feel to be treated like an object? Direct and indirect effects of exposure to sexual objectification on women’s emotions in daily life
Exposure to sexual objectification is an everyday experience for many women, yet little is known about its emotional consequences. Fredrickson and Roberts' (1997) objectification theory proposed a within-person process, wherein exposure to sexual objectification causes women to adopt a third-person perspective on their bodies, labeled self-objectification, which has harmful downstream consequences for their emotional well-being. However, previous…
Bringing Back the Body: A Retrospective on the Development of Objectification Theory
Female Trouble: The Menstrual Self-Evaluation Scale and Women's Self-Objectification
Strong cultural messages are sent to women that their bodies are unacceptable as they are, thus encouraging engagement in a variety of body-altering practices. It seems that one of the obligations that women have in a culture that sexually objectifies their bodies is to conceal their bodies' more physical functions, such as menstruation. A new scale was constructed to measure women's attitudes and emotions toward menstruation. A study was conduct…
Gender Comparisons in Responsiveness to Others' Evaluations in Achievement Settings
An experiment tested three possible explanations for gender differences in responsiveness to others' evaluations in achievement settings. Results replicated previous studies and showed that women and men perceived the valence of evaluative messages similarly. Further, women's privately made self-evaluations reflected the valence of others' evaluations to a greater extent than men's. Finally, women saw others' evaluations as more accurate assessme…
Restriction and Renewal, Pollution and Power, Constraint and Community: The Paradoxes of Religious Women’s Experiences of Menstruation
Identifying Gaps and Building Bridges Between Feminist Psychology and Open Science
A Defence of Orthodoxy
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Gospel Historicity: Some Philosophical Observations
In this article I propose to discuss some recent theological contributions to the problem of the historicity of the Gospels, and I wish to suggest that philosophical issues may ultimately be relevant to its solution
The Historian and the Believer
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Law, Morality and Religion in a Christian Society
The publication in 1957 of the Wolfenden Report occasioned a celebrated controversy in which profound theoretical issues concerning the relation between law and morality, and the legal enforcement of morality were discussed. The principal disputants were Lord Justice Devlin (Sir Patrick Devlin as he then was) and Professor H. L. A. Hart. It is by now well known that the main recommendation of the Wolfenden Report was the reform of the criminal la…
Moral Powers: Normative Necessity in Language and History
Sex differences in reactions to evaluative feedback
Gender and the influence of evaluations on self-assessments in achievement settings
This article reviews evidence for a gender difference in responsiveness to others' evaluations in achievement situations. Studies show that women's self-evaluations are more responsive to the valence of the evaluative feedback they receive than are men's. A number of possible explanations for this effect are then discussed, with the best evidence pointing to men's and women's differing construals of the informational value of others' evaluations …
Family Work and Fairness: Listening to Husbands in Dual-Earner Families
Thompson (1991) concludes her discussion of gendered justice and domestic work by pointing out that "to understand justice as gendered ... we ought to study both women's and men's sense of fairness about family work" (p. 194). Ferree (1987) likewise points out that to talk useful about the division of family work (i.e., housework and child care tasks), we should be involved in identifying and interpreting the meaning attached to family work. Part…
Gender Comparisons in Responsiveness to Others' Evaluations in Achievement Settings
An experiment tested three possible explanations for gender differences in responsiveness to others' evaluations in achievement settings. Results replicated previous studies and showed that women and men perceived the valence of evaluative messages similarly. Further, women's privately made self-evaluations reflected the valence of others' evaluations to a greater extent than men's. Finally, women saw others' evaluations as more accurate assessme…
Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women's Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks
This article offers objectification theory as a framework for understanding the experiential consequences of being female in a culture that sexually objectifies the female body. Objectification theory posits that girls and women are typically acculturated to internalize an observer's perspective as a primary view of their physical selves. This perspective on self can lead to habitual body monitoring, which, in turn, can increase women's opportuni…
That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance
Objectification theory (B. L. Fredrickson & T. Roberts, 1997) posits that American culture socializes women to adopt observers' perspectives on their physical selves. This self-objectification is hypothesized to (a) produce body shame, which in turn leads to restrained eating, and (b) consume attentional resources, which is manifested in diminished mental performance. Two experiments manipulated self-objectification by having participants try on …
III. The Woman in the Body
III. The Woman in the Body
Feminine Protection”: The Effects of Menstruation on Attitudes Towards Women
An experiment tested the hypothesis that reminders of a woman's menstrual status lead to more negative reactions to her and increased objectification of women in general. Participants interacted with a female confederate who ostensibly accidentally dropped either a tampon or hair clip out of her handbag. Dropping the tampon led to lower evaluations of the confederate's competence, decreased liking for her, and a marginal tendency to avoid sitting…
Female Trouble: The Menstrual Self-Evaluation Scale and Women's Self-Objectification
Strong cultural messages are sent to women that their bodies are unacceptable as they are, thus encouraging engagement in a variety of body-altering practices. It seems that one of the obligations that women have in a culture that sexually objectifies their bodies is to conceal their bodies' more physical functions, such as menstruation. A new scale was constructed to measure women's attitudes and emotions toward menstruation. A study was conduct…
Mere Exposure: Gender Differences in the Negative Effects of Priming a State of Self-Objectification
Self-Objectification and That “Not So Fresh Feeling”: Feminist Therapeutic Interventions for Healthy Female Embodiment
In a culture obsessed with women's attractiveness and beauty, media messages abound telling us our corporeal bodies are unacceptable as they are. Women's bodies need sanitizing, deodorizing, exfoliating, and denuding. Perhaps more than any other bodily function, menstruation must be kept "under wraps" in a sexually objectifying culture. In this article, we argue that girls' and women's feelings of acceptance for their bodily functions and physica…
Objects of desire: Objectification as a function of male sexual orientation
Bringing Back the Body: A Retrospective on the Development of Objectification Theory
Restriction and Renewal, Pollution and Power, Constraint and Community: The Paradoxes of Religious Women’s Experiences of Menstruation
She Stoops to Conquer? How Posture Interacts With Self-Objectification and Status to Impact Women’s Affect and Performance
Research suggests that posture exerts powerful affective and cognitive influences, although recent studies have indicated that these embodiment effects are moderated by gender. We examined two sociocultural factors that may contribute to the effects of postural feedback in women: self-objectification and power. Across a 2 × 2 × 2 between-subjects design, 80 female undergraduates completed various cognitive tasks and self-report measures after hav…
Objectification theory: Continuing contributions to feminist psychology.
The Gendered Body Project: Sexual and Self-Objectification as Motivated and Motivating Processes
This chapter explores motivational questions that arise when the psychology of girls and women is viewed through the lens of objectification theory, which highlights the centrality of appearance concerns, or body projects , for girls and women in the early 21st century. The chapter examines three theoretical perspectives for what motivates sexually objectifying views and treatment of women and women’s own participation in self-objectifying body p…
How does it feel to be treated like an object? Direct and indirect effects of exposure to sexual objectification on women’s emotions in daily life
Exposure to sexual objectification is an everyday experience for many women, yet little is known about its emotional consequences. Fredrickson and Roberts' (1997) objectification theory proposed a within-person process, wherein exposure to sexual objectification causes women to adopt a third-person perspective on their bodies, labeled self-objectification, which has harmful downstream consequences for their emotional well-being. However, previous…
The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies
This open access handbook, the first of its kind, provides a comprehensive and carefully curated multidisciplinary view of Critical Menstruation Studies and opens up new directions in research and advocacy. It is an unmatched resource for scholars in the field as it rapidly expands.
Psychology (22 works) · Social Psychology (18 works) · Social Psychology (14 works) · Developmental psychology (13 works) · Objectification (12 works) · Eating Disorders and Behaviors (9 works) · Gender Roles and Identity Studies (8 works) · Epistemology (7 works) · Philosophy (7 works) · Medicine (6 works)