Cynthia Gómez
Biographic Data
| ID | 5873946 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Cynthia Gómez |
| GIVEN NAMES | Cynthia |
| FAMILY NAME | Gómez |
| SIGNATURE | GOMEZ C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, San Francisco |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4062-0223 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 35 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 170 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1990 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Doing Good Well in Unethical Times
Since the emergence of the AIDS epidemic, HIV research has been a mirror for humanity's moral choices that transformed biomedical and social science ethics. Four decades after the epidemic the field again faces an ethical reckoning. Once defined by its moral courage and community partnership, HIV research now operates amid political interference, data insecurity, funding contractions, and threats to academic freedom. Drawing on insights from the …
From Presence to Participation
Community Advisory Boards (CABs) are frequently recommended for community-engaged research. They are intended to incorporate the experiential knowledge of people most affected by research. However, CABs often fail to achieve these participatory ideals. Increasingly, people with lived or living experience of stigmatized health-related issues serve on CABs as study population representatives. Yet their perspectives on ethical engagement remain unde…
Addressing Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health Through Healthy People 2030
The evolution of Healthy People reflects growing awareness of health inequities over the life course. Each decade, the initiative has gained understanding of how the nation can achieve health and well-being. To inform Healthy People 2030's visionary goal of achieving health equity in the coming decade, the Secretary's Advisory Committee on National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives for 2030 (Secretary's Advisory Committee) provid…
Beyond the discourse of reproductive choice
Despite the fact that the US teenage birth rate has declined dramatically in recent years, teen births among Latinas are higher than any other racial/ethnic group. Most studies focus on the causes and consequences of early motherhood among Latina teenagers, neglecting other important dimensions of the issue. This study examines how Latina/o teenage parents living in California narrate their experiences with unintended pregnancy resolution. Qualit…
The New Majority
The intersection of gender and ethnicity in HIV risk, interventions, and prevention
This article articulates a contextualized understanding of gender and ethnicity as interacting social determinants of HIV risk and acquisition, with special focus on African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos--2 ethnic groups currently at most risk for HIV/AIDS acquisition in the United States. First, sex and gender are defined. Second, a conceptual model of gender, ethnicity, and HIV risk and resilience is presented. Third, a historical backdrop of…
Preventing HIV in U.S. Women and Girls
Is Injection Serosorting Occurring among HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users? Comparison by Injection Partner’s HIV Status
Is Sexual Serosorting Occurring Among HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users? Comparison Between Those with HIV-Positive Partners Only, HIV-Negative Partners Only, and Those with any Partners of Unknown St…
The Efficacy of Female Condom Skills Training in HIV Risk Reduction Among Women
Objectives. We evaluated the efficacy of skills training designed to increase female condom use among women. Methods. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of 409 women, recruited from family planning clinics in northern California, who were randomly assigned to the experimental 4-session female condom skills training intervention or the comparison 4-session women's general health promotion intervention. Participants received condom use inst…
Correlates of Risk Patterns and Race/Ethnicity among HIV-Positive Men who have Sex with Men
Beliefs that Condoms Reduce Sexual Pleasure—Gender Differences in Correlates Among Heterosexual HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users (IDUs)
Is HIV/Aids Stigma Dividing the Gay Community? Perceptions of HIV–positive Men Who Have Sex With Men
Stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS has existed since the beginning of the epidemic, but little is known about HIV/AIDS stigma within the gay community and how it affects men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV. A better understanding of the effects of stigma on this population is needed to reduce it and its harmful effects. Our study used quantitative data from 206 HIV-positive MSM and qualitative data from 250 to document beliefs about HIV/AIDS…
Beliefs about Personal and Partner Responsibility among HIV-Seropositive Men Who Have Sex with Men
Barrier Methods of Prevention
Safe Syringe Disposal is Related to Safe Syringe Access among HIV-positive Injection Drug Users
Examining the role of partner status in an HIV prevention trial targeting HIV-positive gay and bisexual men
Providers’ HIV Prevention Discussions with HIV-Seropositive Injection Drug Users
Boyfriends, Girlfriends and Teenagers' Risk of Sexual Involvement
CONTEXT: Having a boyfriend or girlfriend, especially an older one, is associated with increased sexual risk in early adolescence. The mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. METHODS: Middle school students in Northern California were surveyed annually from 1997 to 2000. For a sample of 1,214 males and 1,308 females who were sexually inexperienced in seventh grade, logistic and linear regression were used to explore associations betwe…
Boyfriends, Girlfriends and Teenagers' Risk of Sexual Involvement
To reduce the risk of adolescent sexual activity, parents and communities should encourage youth in middle school, especially females who experience early menarche, to delay serious romantic relationships
Sexual harm reduction practices of HIV-seropositive gay and bisexual men
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed unprotected anal and oral sex behaviors of HIV-positive gay and bisexual men in New York City and San Francisco with their main and non-main sexual partners. Here we focus on the use of three harm reduction strategies (serosorting, strategic positioning, and withdrawal before ejaculation) in order to decrease transmission risk. METHOD: The data from a baseline assessment of 1168 HIV-positive gay and bisexual men in …
Condom Use at Last Sex Among Unmarried Latino Men
Risk Perception and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Positive Men on Antiretroviral Therapy
Partner Awareness of the Serostatus of HIV-Seropositive Men Who Have Sex With Men
Draw the Line/Respect the Line
Objectives. This study evaluated the long-term effectiveness of Draw the Line/Respect the Line, a theoretically based curriculum designed to reduce sexual risk behaviors among middle school adolescents. Methods. The randomized controlled trial involved 19 schools in northern California. A cohort of 2829 sixth graders was tracked for 36 months. Results. The intervention delayed sexual initiation among boys, but not girls. Boys in the intervention …
Gender, culture, and power
The rapid increase of HIV infection among women in the U.S. has been attributed primarily to sexual contact with HIV‐infected men. Strong cultural gender norms regarding sexual behaviors among Latinos exacerbates this risk for Latino women. In this study we assessed contraceptive use patterns and predictors of condom use with steady male partners among a random sample of 513 Latino and 184 non‐Latino White women (N = 697). The women were assessed…
Sexual behavior among hiv‐positive men who have sex with men
Relatively little attention has been paid to the use and importance of labels used by men who have sex with men to describe insertive or receptive sexual behavior during intercourse. This study examines sexual self-labels, sexual behavior, HIV transmission risk, and psychological functioning among 205 HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men. The majority of participants (88%) identified as a top, a bottom, or versatile. Tops were more likely t…
Acculturation and gender differences in sexual attitudes and behaviors
Understanding how acculturation and gender affect Hispanics' sexual behavior is needed to prevent infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. We examined differences in and correlates of condom use among 398 Hispanics and 540 non-Hispanic Whites in San Francisco who were part of a random probability sample of unmarried adults. Hispanic women reported fewer sexual partners than all other groups. Condom use was low in all groups, but Spanish-s…
Self‐Efficacy to Use Condoms in Unmarried Latino Adults
Measures of self‐efficacy to use condoms can clarify the barriers to condom use Latinos encounter. A 20‐item scale, that differed slightly for men and women, and was based on extensive elicitation interviews, was used in a random digit dial household survey of 1,600 unmarried Latino adults in 10 states with large Latino populations. Self‐efficacy was related to condom use for both men and women. Factor analyses revealed five correlated factors: R…
Boyfriends, Girlfriends and Teenagers' Risk of Sexual Involvement
To reduce the risk of adolescent sexual activity, parents and communities should encourage youth in middle school, especially females who experience early menarche, to delay serious romantic relationships
Draw the Line/Respect the Line
Objectives. This study evaluated the long-term effectiveness of Draw the Line/Respect the Line, a theoretically based curriculum designed to reduce sexual risk behaviors among middle school adolescents. Methods. The randomized controlled trial involved 19 schools in northern California. A cohort of 2829 sixth graders was tracked for 36 months. Results. The intervention delayed sexual initiation among boys, but not girls. Boys in the intervention …
The New Majority
The Efficacy of Female Condom Skills Training in HIV Risk Reduction Among Women
Objectives. We evaluated the efficacy of skills training designed to increase female condom use among women. Methods. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of 409 women, recruited from family planning clinics in northern California, who were randomly assigned to the experimental 4-session female condom skills training intervention or the comparison 4-session women's general health promotion intervention. Participants received condom use inst…
Beliefs that Condoms Reduce Sexual Pleasure—Gender Differences in Correlates Among Heterosexual HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users (IDUs)
Letters From V
Systematic content analysis of personal documents is used to assess the course of personality development in one adolescent female exposed to traumatic historical and personal events, as well as more normative life changes Seventy‐one letters written by a young girl to her former teacher over a 9‐year period comprise the data for this study. Our analyses assess the normal developmental processes of preoccupation with identity formation and the es…
Acculturation and gender differences in sexual attitudes and behaviors
Understanding how acculturation and gender affect Hispanics' sexual behavior is needed to prevent infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. We examined differences in and correlates of condom use among 398 Hispanics and 540 non-Hispanic Whites in San Francisco who were part of a random probability sample of unmarried adults. Hispanic women reported fewer sexual partners than all other groups. Condom use was low in all groups, but Spanish-s…
Gender, culture, and power
The rapid increase of HIV infection among women in the U.S. has been attributed primarily to sexual contact with HIV‐infected men. Strong cultural gender norms regarding sexual behaviors among Latinos exacerbates this risk for Latino women. In this study we assessed contraceptive use patterns and predictors of condom use with steady male partners among a random sample of 513 Latino and 184 non‐Latino White women (N = 697). The women were assessed…
Condom use in unmarried Latino men
The effects of cultural factors on condom use were assessed in a random digit-dialing household survey of 1,600 unmarried Latino adults in 10 states with large Latino populations. Measures of traditional gender-role beliefs, sexual coercion, sexual comfort, and self-efficacy in using condoms were developed specifically for this population. A multisample structural equation model analysis included 594 men who reported one or more heterosexual part…
Unmarried Latino Men who Report Sex with Men
Self‐Efficacy to Use Condoms in Unmarried Latino Adults
Measures of self‐efficacy to use condoms can clarify the barriers to condom use Latinos encounter. A 20‐item scale, that differed slightly for men and women, and was based on extensive elicitation interviews, was used in a random digit dial household survey of 1,600 unmarried Latino adults in 10 states with large Latino populations. Self‐efficacy was related to condom use for both men and women. Factor analyses revealed five correlated factors: R…
Correlates of Sexual Risk Behaviors among HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men
This study examines correlates of unprotected sexual risk practices of an ethnically diverse sample of HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men (MSM) from the New York City and San Francisco metropolitan areas. Participants completed a self-report survey that assessed sexual risk behaviors and potential correlates. A total of 367 men reported sex with a casual male partner in the previous 3 months. Participants were divided into three groups ba…
Childhood sexual abuse and sexual transmission risk behaviour among HIV-positive men who have sex with men
Previous studies have indicated an association between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adult sexual risk behaviour among women and among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, no studies to date have tested the hypothesis that a history of CSA predicts sexual behaviour carrying risk of transmission of HIV to others, i.e. in a known HIV-positive cohort. The present study tested this hypothesis among a sample of 456 HIV-positive MSM recruited f…
Self-Perceived Responsibility of HIV-Seropositive Men Who Have Sex with Men for Preventing HIV Transmission
Sexual behavior among hiv‐positive men who have sex with men
Relatively little attention has been paid to the use and importance of labels used by men who have sex with men to describe insertive or receptive sexual behavior during intercourse. This study examines sexual self-labels, sexual behavior, HIV transmission risk, and psychological functioning among 205 HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men. The majority of participants (88%) identified as a top, a bottom, or versatile. Tops were more likely t…
Draw the Line/Respect the Line
Objectives. This study evaluated the long-term effectiveness of Draw the Line/Respect the Line, a theoretically based curriculum designed to reduce sexual risk behaviors among middle school adolescents. Methods. The randomized controlled trial involved 19 schools in northern California. A cohort of 2829 sixth graders was tracked for 36 months. Results. The intervention delayed sexual initiation among boys, but not girls. Boys in the intervention …
Sexual harm reduction practices of HIV-seropositive gay and bisexual men
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed unprotected anal and oral sex behaviors of HIV-positive gay and bisexual men in New York City and San Francisco with their main and non-main sexual partners. Here we focus on the use of three harm reduction strategies (serosorting, strategic positioning, and withdrawal before ejaculation) in order to decrease transmission risk. METHOD: The data from a baseline assessment of 1168 HIV-positive gay and bisexual men in …
Condom Use at Last Sex Among Unmarried Latino Men
Risk Perception and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Positive Men on Antiretroviral Therapy
Partner Awareness of the Serostatus of HIV-Seropositive Men Who Have Sex With Men
Is HIV/Aids Stigma Dividing the Gay Community? Perceptions of HIV–positive Men Who Have Sex With Men
Stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS has existed since the beginning of the epidemic, but little is known about HIV/AIDS stigma within the gay community and how it affects men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV. A better understanding of the effects of stigma on this population is needed to reduce it and its harmful effects. Our study used quantitative data from 206 HIV-positive MSM and qualitative data from 250 to document beliefs about HIV/AIDS…
Beliefs about Personal and Partner Responsibility among HIV-Seropositive Men Who Have Sex with Men
Barrier Methods of Prevention
Safe Syringe Disposal is Related to Safe Syringe Access among HIV-positive Injection Drug Users
Examining the role of partner status in an HIV prevention trial targeting HIV-positive gay and bisexual men
Providers’ HIV Prevention Discussions with HIV-Seropositive Injection Drug Users
Boyfriends, Girlfriends and Teenagers' Risk of Sexual Involvement
CONTEXT: Having a boyfriend or girlfriend, especially an older one, is associated with increased sexual risk in early adolescence. The mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. METHODS: Middle school students in Northern California were surveyed annually from 1997 to 2000. For a sample of 1,214 males and 1,308 females who were sexually inexperienced in seventh grade, logistic and linear regression were used to explore associations betwe…
Boyfriends, Girlfriends and Teenagers' Risk of Sexual Involvement
To reduce the risk of adolescent sexual activity, parents and communities should encourage youth in middle school, especially females who experience early menarche, to delay serious romantic relationships
Correlates of Risk Patterns and Race/Ethnicity among HIV-Positive Men who have Sex with Men
Beliefs that Condoms Reduce Sexual Pleasure—Gender Differences in Correlates Among Heterosexual HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users (IDUs)
Medicine (30 works) · Psychology (24 works) · Demography (23 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (23 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (19 works) · Public health (17 works) · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV (16 works) · Demography (15 works) · Health psychology (14 works) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (14 works)