Michael Carl
Biographic Data
| ID | 5946159 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Michael Carl |
| GIVEN NAMES | Michael |
| FAMILY NAME | Carl |
| SIGNATURE | CARL M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Kent State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2815-0292 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 8 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 8 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Retracted
This article was retracted on 25 September 2025. Retraction notice: https://doi.org/10.1075/ts.00033.ret
Hesitation, orientation, and flow
Numerous models have been proposed to describe and predict how human translations evolve in time. Some of these models suggest hierarchically embedded processes of fast and slow processing that unfold on different timelines. However, the assumed mental processes have often been conceptualized without a clear description of how they can be assessed, measured or retrieved in behavioral data. Other approaches suggest fragmenting behavioral data into…
Introduction to the special Ampersand issue on Empirical Translation Process Research
Cognitive aspects of compound translation
In this paper we analyse translation of compounds from English to German relating our observations to the phenomenon of implicitation, explicitation and structural equivalence using translation process data from the CRITT translation process research database (TPR-DB). We look into complex nominal phrases, e.g. nominal compounds in English-German translations. We determine a number of product and process features that have an impact on cognitive …
Gazing and Typing Activities during Translation
The paper investigates the notion of Translation Units (TUs) from a cognitive angle. A TU is defined as the translator’s focus of attention at a time. Since attention can be directed towards source text (ST) understanding and/or target text (TT) production, we analyze the activity data of the translators’ eye movements and keystrokes. We describe methods to detect patterns of keystrokes (production units) and patterns of gaze fixations on the sou…
General-purpose statistical translation engine and domain specific texts
The past decade has witnessed exciting work in the field of Statistical Machine Translation (SMT). However, accurate evaluation of its potential in real-life contexts is still an open question. In this study, we investigate the behavior of an SMT engine faced with a corpus far different from the one it has been trained on. We show that terminological databases are obvious resources that should be used to boost the performance of a statistical eng…
Abducing term variant translations in aligned texts
Term variation is an important issue in various applications of natural language processing (NLP) such as machine translation, information retrieval and text indexing. In this paper, we describe an ‘Abductive Terminological Database’ (ATDB) aiming to detect translations of terms and their variants in bilingual texts. We describe abduction as the process to infer specific term translation templates from multiple resources which have been induced f…
Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation
example, where the machine side requires some standard expressions in order to execute certain machine actions.Language translation is one of the most complicated tasks of the human brain, which utilizes not only linguistic knowledge but also knowledge of the world, and varieties of our sophisticated human senses.EBMT is one of the possible approaches to the mechanism of human translation, and this book represents a considerable contribution to t…
Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation
example, where the machine side requires some standard expressions in order to execute certain machine actions.Language translation is one of the most complicated tasks of the human brain, which utilizes not only linguistic knowledge but also knowledge of the world, and varieties of our sophisticated human senses.EBMT is one of the possible approaches to the mechanism of human translation, and this book represents a considerable contribution to t…
General-purpose statistical translation engine and domain specific texts
The past decade has witnessed exciting work in the field of Statistical Machine Translation (SMT). However, accurate evaluation of its potential in real-life contexts is still an open question. In this study, we investigate the behavior of an SMT engine faced with a corpus far different from the one it has been trained on. We show that terminological databases are obvious resources that should be used to boost the performance of a statistical eng…
Abducing term variant translations in aligned texts
Term variation is an important issue in various applications of natural language processing (NLP) such as machine translation, information retrieval and text indexing. In this paper, we describe an ‘Abductive Terminological Database’ (ATDB) aiming to detect translations of terms and their variants in bilingual texts. We describe abduction as the process to infer specific term translation templates from multiple resources which have been induced f…
Recent Advances in Example-Based Machine Translation
example, where the machine side requires some standard expressions in order to execute certain machine actions.Language translation is one of the most complicated tasks of the human brain, which utilizes not only linguistic knowledge but also knowledge of the world, and varieties of our sophisticated human senses.EBMT is one of the possible approaches to the mechanism of human translation, and this book represents a considerable contribution to t…
Gazing and Typing Activities during Translation
The paper investigates the notion of Translation Units (TUs) from a cognitive angle. A TU is defined as the translator’s focus of attention at a time. Since attention can be directed towards source text (ST) understanding and/or target text (TT) production, we analyze the activity data of the translators’ eye movements and keystrokes. We describe methods to detect patterns of keystrokes (production units) and patterns of gaze fixations on the sou…
Cognitive aspects of compound translation
In this paper we analyse translation of compounds from English to German relating our observations to the phenomenon of implicitation, explicitation and structural equivalence using translation process data from the CRITT translation process research database (TPR-DB). We look into complex nominal phrases, e.g. nominal compounds in English-German translations. We determine a number of product and process features that have an impact on cognitive …
Hesitation, orientation, and flow
Numerous models have been proposed to describe and predict how human translations evolve in time. Some of these models suggest hierarchically embedded processes of fast and slow processing that unfold on different timelines. However, the assumed mental processes have often been conceptualized without a clear description of how they can be assessed, measured or retrieved in behavioral data. Other approaches suggest fragmenting behavioral data into…
Introduction to the special Ampersand issue on Empirical Translation Process Research
Retracted
This article was retracted on 25 September 2025. Retraction notice: https://doi.org/10.1075/ts.00033.ret
Computer Science (8 works) · Artificial Intelligence (6 works) · Natural language processing (6 works) · Natural Language Processing Techniques (6 works) · Linguistics (5 works) · Topic Modeling (5 works) · Cognition (4 works) · Machine translation (4 works) · Psychology (4 works) · Cognitive psychology (3 works)